US3105051A - Soap - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3105051A
US3105051A US30468A US3046860A US3105051A US 3105051 A US3105051 A US 3105051A US 30468 A US30468 A US 30468A US 3046860 A US3046860 A US 3046860A US 3105051 A US3105051 A US 3105051A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
soap
skin
microns
carbon atoms
menthol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US30468A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Farrar Richard Edward
Schulerud Albert Lyle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Colgate Palmolive Co
Original Assignee
Colgate Palmolive Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE604014D priority Critical patent/BE604014A/xx
Priority to NL264886D priority patent/NL264886A/xx
Application filed by Colgate Palmolive Co filed Critical Colgate Palmolive Co
Priority to US30468A priority patent/US3105051A/en
Priority to GB10944/61A priority patent/GB968880A/en
Priority to DEC23992A priority patent/DE1170100B/de
Priority to FR861925A priority patent/FR1293227A/fr
Priority to CH587761A priority patent/CH407384A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3105051A publication Critical patent/US3105051A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0084—Antioxidants; Free-radical scavengers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/1226—Phosphorus containing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
    • C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
    • C11D9/06—Inorganic compounds
    • C11D9/18—Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D9/20—Fillers, abrasives

Definitions

  • This invention relates to soap bars which are primarily useful in cleaning human skin and removing from it excessive amounts of oils.
  • a toilet soap particularly suitable for cleansing oily skin is a milled and plodded, pressed bar comprising 75 to 87% sodium soap which is the sodium salt of higher fatty acid of 8 to 20 carbon atoms, 15 to 45 of the fatty acid being saturated fatty acid of 8 to 14 carbon atoms and about 1 to 1.75% of finely divided grit free water insoluble inorganic abrasive material.
  • the inorganic material is distributed homogeneously throughout the soap and is of small enough particle size to perceptibly decrease the slip of such soap bar when Wet, Without scratching human skin or exerting an abrasive effect on it.
  • the milled and plodded toilet soap bar comprises 75 to 87% sodium salt of higher fatty acid of 8 to 20 carbon atoms derived from a mixture of equal parts of tallow and coconut oil and, distniituated homogeneously throughout the detergent, 1 to about 1.75% of finely divided grit free water insoluble sodium metaphosphate, (NaPO of number average particle diameter of about 5 microns and of particle size distribution, by weight, of about 25% between 1 and 5 microns, 25% between 5 a and microns, 20% between 10 and 20 microns and the balance between 20 and 40 microns, to perceptibly decrease the slip of such soap bar, when wet, without scratching human skin or exerting an abrasive effect thereon, 0.1 to 0.4% 3,5-dichlorsalicyl-3',4-dichloranilide, 0.54% menthol, of which a substantial proportion is laevo-menthol, the amount of laevo-menthol present being suflicient to
  • the sodium soap employed is one in which there is an appreciable content of saturated fatty acids of 8 to 14 carbon atoms. These fatty acids do not form soaps as unctucus in feel to the skin as those soaps of longer carbon chain length and are significantly different in this respect from the unsaturated soaps, such as those of oleic, palmitolei'c and linoleic acids. They also have a greater emulsifying activity on the sebum and sebaceous or oleaginous substances normally deposited on the skin.
  • the fatty acids of 8 to 14 carbon atoms such as caprylic, capric, lauric and myristic acids, are found in coconut oil.
  • the 15 to 45% of such acids in the soap making charge is preferably obtained from a mixture of coconut oil and tallow.
  • coconut oil and tallow These materials are triglycerides but in the soap kettle may be considered to split to form fatty acids and glycerine.
  • 'Ihe glycerine and various impurities are Washed and settled out from the toilet soap by the usual well known changes, washes and settling methods to yield a kettle soap which is substantially free of glycerine, inorganic salt and unreacted material.
  • the preferable oil change to obtain the desired soap is one of about equal parts coconut oil and tallow but an acceptable product can be obtained if the soap charge has no less than about 15% coconut oil content.
  • the water insoluble inorganic abrasive must be chosen with care to avoid using materials containing detectable percentages of grit. When rubbed on a glass plate with finger pressure no scratches should be left by the abrasive.
  • Various abrasive substances have been combined with soaps in bar form but none has been of the effectiveness in this composition as insoluble sodium metaphosphate of the right particle size and distribution. Even alumina, known as a gentle polishing agent, produces an objectionable drag which is perceptible and annoying to the user.
  • Some diatornaceous earths approach the utility of insoluble metaphosphate but are not as good in decreasing slip without creating an objectionable drag effect and also do tend to discolor the bw.
  • Insoluble sodium metaphosphate on the other hand, is a pure, white, impalpable powder which is readily dispersed in the soap, contributes to whitening it and gives 'the user the feeling of better contact of skin and bar and lesser slip between them.
  • the percentage of insoluble metaphosphate employed to obtain a suitable effect should be kept within a relatively narrow range, it has been found that less than 1% by weight is imperceptible to most people, whereas 2% or more is usually considered to be too readily apparent to the user and creates more drag than is desirable.
  • the particle size of the insoluble metaphosphate used should be such that substantially all of it, usually over 99%, will pass through a 325 mesh screen, such screen having an opening which is a square 44 microns on the side. Thus, substantially all the particles passing this screen Will have diameter less than about 40 microns.
  • the particle size distribution is preferably over the 1 to '40 micron range and it has been found that a product containing 25% by weight within the 1 to 5 micron range,
  • the average particle size of such a powder is about 5 microns (on a number basis).
  • the apparent density of this material is usually from about .9 to 1.2 g./cu. cm.
  • the phenolic germicide may be any suitable halogenated phenolic compound compatible with soap and useful in destroying skin bacteria.
  • germicides may be mentioned the halogenated diphenyl methanes such as 3,5,6,3',5,6'-hexachloro diphenyl methane, salicylanilides such as 3,5-dichlorsalicyl-3',4-dichloranilide, thiuram sulfides such as tetramethylthiuram disulfide and carbanilides such as trichlorocarbanilide.
  • halogenated diphenyl methanes such as 3,5,6,3',5,6'-hexachloro diphenyl methane
  • salicylanilides such as 3,5-dichlorsalicyl-3',4-dichloranilide
  • thiuram sulfides such as tetramethylthiuram disulfide
  • carbanilides such as trichlorocarbanilide.
  • the germicides described may be employed in soaps at very low percentages which, however, are still very effective. From 0.1 to 2% is sufficient to destroy substantial proportions of skin bacteria. Of the gerrnicides the salicylanilides are most preferred. It has been found that 0.l-0.4% tetrachlorsalicylanilide, most preferably the most effective 3,5-dichlorsalicyl-3',4-dichloranilide, has the desired antibacterial efiect.
  • the soap, insoluble metaphosphate and halogenated phenolic bactericide are suitable for use on normal human skin without any objectionable degreee of irritation or discomfort being experienced by the user.
  • the combination of excellent cleaning of the soap, contact of the insoluble metaphosphate particles andadsorption of and reaction to the germicide might cause an unwanted stimulation or tactile impression on the skin surfaces.
  • it has been found useful to add a small amount of menthol to the composition From /2 to 1.5% menthol has been included in these compositions but the use of more than 1% appears to have no additional desirable activity. Less than /z% is of little perceptible effect.
  • the menthol has a depressing effect on the nerves sensitive to irritation and pain, allowing the use of these bars without annoyance even by those'who are more sensitive than is normal to the other active bar constituents. It has been found that menthol is also actively germicidal and therefore. it is supplementary in action to the other bactericide present. In addition, menthol stimulates the nerves sensitive to the perception of cold and therefore leaves the washed skin with a pleasant clean, cooling sensation.
  • the menthol employed is preferably laevo-menthol, rather than a racemic mixture. The laevo compound is a more effective antipruritic material and has a greater cooling action. It
  • adjuvants employed may be mentioned perfume, fluorescent dyes, stabilizers, antioxidants, solvents,
  • pigments and coloring agents Usually the contents of such additives will be less than 5 and preferably less than 2%.
  • compositions it has been found possible to include substantially high percentages of moisture, from 4 10 to 17 and preferably 12 to 17% being suitable.
  • insoluble metaphosphate and high proportion of saturated soap of 8 to 14 carbon atoms to gether with the menthol allows the product to hold more moisture than would otherwise be possible.
  • Insoluble sodium metaphosphate (average particle diameter 4.8105 microns, 99% through '325 Bars of the above formula were made by milling together soap chip dried to the'proper moisture content, solution of bactericide, insoluble metaphosphate, pigment, laevo-menthol, perfume, coloring and preservative. Water was added to compensate for that lost during working and after milling to about .005.0l0 thickness, the chip was fed to a plodder from which it emerged in bar form, after which it was cut and pressed to shape. The bars made were tested by a panel of subjects who found that the bars cleansed well, were not objectionably slick on oily skin, did not irritate the skin and left it with a cool, fresh, clean feeling.
  • a milled and plodded toilet soap bar particularly suitable for cleansing oily skin consisting essentially of 75-87%sodium salt of higher fatty acids of 8 to 20 carbon atoms, of which acids 15 to 45% thereof is of saturated fatty acids of 8 to 14 carbon atoms and,'distributed homogeneously throughout the soap, 1 to 1.75% of finely divided grit free.
  • water insoluble sodium metaphosphate substantially all of which is of particle diameter size of from about one to 40 microns which perceptibly decreases the slip of such soap bar, when it is wet, without scratching human skin or exerting an abrasive efiect thereon the balance being essentially moisture.
  • a milled and plodded toilet soap bar particularly suitable for cleansing oily slain consisting essentially of 75-87% sodium salt of higher fatty acid of 8-20 carbon atoms derived from a mixture of equal parts of All parts given are by weight tallow and coconut oil and, distributed homogeneously throughout the detergent, 1 to 1.75% of finely divided grit free Water insoluble sodium metaphosphate, (NaPO of number average particle diameter of about 5 microns and of particle size distribution, by weight, of about 25% between 1 and 5 microns, 25% between 5 and microns, between 10 and 20 microns and the balance between 20 and microns, to perceptibly decrease the slip of such soap bar, when it is wet, without scratching human skin or exerting an abrasive effect thereon, 0.
  • NaPO Water insoluble sodium metaphosphate
  • a milled and plodded toilet soap bar particularly suitable for cleansing oily skin in which the sodium salt of higher-fatty acids is a salt derived from tallow and coconut oil, of which mixture of fat and oil about 15 to is coconut oil.
  • a milled and plodded toilet soap bar particularly suitable for cleansing oily skin according to claim 1, in which there is present 0.1 to 2.0% halogenated phenolic bactericide and 0.5 to 1% menthol.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US30468A 1960-05-20 1960-05-20 Soap Expired - Lifetime US3105051A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE604014D BE604014A (is") 1960-05-20
NL264886D NL264886A (is") 1960-05-20
US30468A US3105051A (en) 1960-05-20 1960-05-20 Soap
GB10944/61A GB968880A (en) 1960-05-20 1961-03-24 Detergent bars
DEC23992A DE1170100B (de) 1960-05-20 1961-04-27 Waschstuecke, insbesondere zur Reinigung von fetter Haut
FR861925A FR1293227A (fr) 1960-05-20 1961-05-16 Savon de toilette
CH587761A CH407384A (de) 1960-05-20 1961-05-19 Detergensriegel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30468A US3105051A (en) 1960-05-20 1960-05-20 Soap

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3105051A true US3105051A (en) 1963-09-24

Family

ID=21854337

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US30468A Expired - Lifetime US3105051A (en) 1960-05-20 1960-05-20 Soap

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3105051A (is")
BE (1) BE604014A (is")
CH (1) CH407384A (is")
DE (1) DE1170100B (is")
GB (1) GB968880A (is")
NL (1) NL264886A (is")

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4051046A (en) * 1973-02-16 1977-09-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent compositions containing insoluble particulate materials having fabric conditioning properties
WO2013188942A3 (en) * 2012-06-21 2014-10-30 Dow Corning Do Brasil Limitada Cleansing compositions

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS604600A (ja) * 1983-06-23 1985-01-11 サンスタ−株式会社 メント−ル石けん
US4557853A (en) * 1984-08-24 1985-12-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Skin cleansing compositions containing alkaline earth metal carbonates as skin feel agents

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190402343A (en) * 1904-01-30 1904-03-24 Dr Richard Falck Process of Manufacturing Hard Alcoholic Soaps
US2027535A (en) * 1933-02-28 1936-01-14 Klipstein Chemical Processes I Cleaning and polishing composition
US2195713A (en) * 1935-02-09 1940-04-02 Rit Products Corp Brushless shaving cream
US2356799A (en) * 1943-05-27 1944-08-29 Monsanto Chemicals Process for producing insoluble sodium metaphosphate
FR1066216A (fr) * 1951-08-17 1954-06-03 Basf Ag Procédé pour l'obtention d'anilides de l'acide salicylique à effet bactéricide
FR1094578A (fr) * 1952-12-09 1955-05-23 Geigy Ag J R Produits antiseptiques et leur procédé de préparation
US2814597A (en) * 1953-03-12 1957-11-26 Norda Essential Oil & Chemical Germicidal soaps composition

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB125491A (en) * 1918-04-11 1919-04-11 William Feldenheimer Improvements in or relating to Saponaceous Compositions and the Process of Manufacturing the same.
FR544498A (fr) * 1921-12-12 1922-09-22 Savon moussant et lavant à l'eau de mer
US1615146A (en) * 1922-06-02 1927-01-18 Heinrich spindler
DE487400C (de) * 1925-06-09 1929-12-05 Max Koch Reinigungsmittel, insbesondere fuer weisse OEl- und Lackanstriche
DE506306C (de) * 1928-06-13 1930-09-02 Adolf Mueller Verfahren zur Herstellung einer kieselgurhaltigen Reinigungsmasse oder Seife
FR714149A (fr) * 1930-04-17 1931-11-17 Temu P Panoff & Cie Procédé pour préparer un savon

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190402343A (en) * 1904-01-30 1904-03-24 Dr Richard Falck Process of Manufacturing Hard Alcoholic Soaps
US2027535A (en) * 1933-02-28 1936-01-14 Klipstein Chemical Processes I Cleaning and polishing composition
US2195713A (en) * 1935-02-09 1940-04-02 Rit Products Corp Brushless shaving cream
US2356799A (en) * 1943-05-27 1944-08-29 Monsanto Chemicals Process for producing insoluble sodium metaphosphate
FR1066216A (fr) * 1951-08-17 1954-06-03 Basf Ag Procédé pour l'obtention d'anilides de l'acide salicylique à effet bactéricide
FR1094578A (fr) * 1952-12-09 1955-05-23 Geigy Ag J R Produits antiseptiques et leur procédé de préparation
US2814597A (en) * 1953-03-12 1957-11-26 Norda Essential Oil & Chemical Germicidal soaps composition

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4051046A (en) * 1973-02-16 1977-09-27 The Procter & Gamble Company Detergent compositions containing insoluble particulate materials having fabric conditioning properties
WO2013188942A3 (en) * 2012-06-21 2014-10-30 Dow Corning Do Brasil Limitada Cleansing compositions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE604014A (is")
GB968880A (en) 1964-09-02
CH407384A (de) 1966-02-15
NL264886A (is")
DE1170100B (de) 1964-05-14

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