US3098603A - Centrifugal fan housings - Google Patents

Centrifugal fan housings Download PDF

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Publication number
US3098603A
US3098603A US58310A US5831060A US3098603A US 3098603 A US3098603 A US 3098603A US 58310 A US58310 A US 58310A US 5831060 A US5831060 A US 5831060A US 3098603 A US3098603 A US 3098603A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
housing
outlet
triangular
cutoff
shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US58310A
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English (en)
Inventor
Forrest G Baker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
American Air Filter Co Inc
Original Assignee
American Air Filter Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by American Air Filter Co Inc filed Critical American Air Filter Co Inc
Priority to US58310A priority Critical patent/US3098603A/en
Priority to GB33674/61A priority patent/GB989348A/en
Priority to DE1403474A priority patent/DE1403474C3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3098603A publication Critical patent/US3098603A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4226—Fan casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4226—Fan casings
    • F04D29/424—Double entry casings

Definitions

  • the invention is concerned with that type of double inlet centrifugal fan housing which is generally of a rectangular configuration in lateral cross section and is scroll shaped in longitudinal section.
  • a housing is formed by a wrapper which is substantially flat in lateral cross section and which extends generally spirally with respect to its length; and a pair of opposite substantially flat side plates conforming peripherally to the spiral shape of the wrapper.
  • Circular inlet openings in the side plates are provided for the introduction of air axially into the housing where the air is directed radially and in the direction of increasing area through the housing toward the outlet by rotation of the fan wheel or impeller.
  • Such construction is conventional and is commonly used in fans employed for ventilation or other purposes wherein the discharge of a relatively large volume of air at a relatively high velocity and low static pressure is desired.
  • Fans of this general type are commonly used, in one instance, in school room unit ventilators where a number of such fans are commonly arranged in parallel side-byside relation and their respective fan wheels are mounted on a common shaft for simultaneous rotation.
  • the unit ventilator fans normally discharge the air directly into the room at what is considered a relatively high velocity so as to obtain a good distribution of air throughout the room.
  • Outlet ducts extending beyond the outlets of the fan housings proper are not used except under special circumstances, and diffusers and auxiliary discharge ducts are not desirable because the additional space required increases the height of the unit ventilator without improving performance.
  • While the invention is not restricted to such apparatus, it finds one of its principal applications in this service because of the reduction in level and offensive quality of noise experienced with the fans of this invention as compared to the fans of the prior art used in the same environment to produce the same air delivery; a reduced and more pleasant noise in school rooms and the like being obviously desirable.
  • centrifugal fan assembly constructed in accordance with the invention will provide an improvement, relative to the prior art centrifugal fan assemblies, of up to 10% in air delivery and in mechanical efficiency within the range of fan wheel speeds frequently used in unit ventilators. Consequently, to obtain the normally desired air delivery, the speed of the fan wheel used with this invention may be reduced sufficiently that a readily perceptible improvement in noise level and character is attained.
  • the invention includes the provision of a centrifugal fan housing of generally rectangular cross section having a generally triangular portion of each side plate adjacent the housing air outlet flared outwardly so that the discharge or outlet area of each housing is in the general form of an isosceles trapezoid with the longer side thereof being that side generally opposite, and parallel to, the cutoff of the housing.
  • Each triangular portion is generally defined by one side being in the plane of the housing outlet and extending from the vicinity of the cutoff to the forward boundary of the outlet, another side 3,h-98,6-03 Patented July 23, 1963 extending from the vicinity of the cutoff to a point on the forward wall of the housing in the vicinity of the end of the wrapper spiral, and the third side extending along the forward wall of the housing between the end of wrapper spiral and the forward boundary of the outlet.
  • FIGURE 1 is an isometric view of a single centrifugal fan housing constructed in accordance with the invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a side view thereof
  • FIGURE 3 is a top view of the fan housing of FIG- URE 2 with an additional fragmentary portion of an adjacent parallel fan housing;
  • FIGURE 4 is a side elevational view of a fragmentary portion of a side plate in a blank form adapted for use in an embodiment of the invention wherein the side plate is to be formed from a single piece;
  • FIGURE 5 is an isometric view illustrating a structure, including a pair of opposed triangular portions, adapted for use between a pair of fan housings arranged in side-by-side relation for parallel operation.
  • FIGURES l and 2 The illustrated fan housing of FIGURES l and 2 is disposed in what is commonly termed a counterclockwise rotation, upblast discharge arrangement and 'any reference planes hereinafter mentioned in connection with the drawing will be based on such disposition. However, it will be understood that the disposition of the housing does not, in itself, affect the operating characteristics of the fan.
  • the length of a wrapper sheet 2 is formed to extend in a generally spiral or scroll shape from the end thereof corresponding to the cutoff 4 to the opposite end 6 of the spiral to form the circumferential wall of the housing.
  • the spiral form of the wrapper is discontinued at the point designated here as the end of spiral 6, and the circumferential wall continues to the outlet of the housing as a straight or only slightly curved portion, here designated 8 to differentiate it from the remainder of the wrapper sheet 2.
  • This extended portion 8 of the wrapper 2 may, of course, be an integral part thereof, or a separate piece.
  • the spaced and parallel side walls or plates 10 of the housing are substantially flat throughout the major portions of their *area (except for the triangular portions thereof to be hereinafter described) and have inwardly directed flanges 12 along their outer curved edges and to which the side marginal edges of [the wrapper sheet 2 are suitably secured to form an integral housing unit.
  • Each side plate has an inner circular opening 14 concentrically disposed relative to the axis of the shaft 16 carrying the fan wheels (illustrated in dotted line out-line form in FIG- URES 2 and 3); these openings serving as inlets for the air drawn axially therethrough by the rotating fan wheel.
  • a line designated 18 extends at a slope of about 45 between the vicinity of :the cutoff 4 and the spiral wrapper end 6.
  • This line 18 divides the main portion 10 of the side plate from the remaining portion, which has been termed herein the triangular portions and which is identified in the drawing by numeral 20.
  • the portion of the side plates above the dotted line 22 form sidewalls of a discharge collar 24, the front wall of which the upper part of wrapper extension 8 and the rear wall of which is a stub flange 26 extending upwardly from adjacent the cutoif 4.
  • the triangular part 2% of each side plate is flared outwardly, with the flare beginning along the base line 18 and continuing to the apex 28.
  • the outlet area of the housing, in a horizontal plane intersecting the .cutoif will be in the general form of an isosceles trapezoid with the long side of the trapezoid being in the firont and defined by the upper part of the wrapper extension 8.
  • the angle at which the triangular portion 20 flares outwardly from the plane in which the respective side plate 10 lies should be between 10 and 20, this angle being measured in a plane perpendicular to the line 18.
  • the angle of the line 18 relative to a horizontal plane is preferably about 45. While from the standpoint of manufacturing economy it is apparently now preferable to use triangular portions 20 which are flat, they could be provided in curved surface form within the intended scope of this invention.
  • the side plates, and wrapper sheet and extension portion thereof are each formed of single or separate pieces.
  • the triangular portion 20 must be shaped generally as illustrated in FIGURE 4 so that when it is flared, i.e., rotated around the base line 18 to lie in a plane angularly displaced relative to the plane in which the corresponding side plate 10 lies, the sides which converge to term the apex 28 will be of the proper lengths to appear as in FIGURE 2, where the top side is in a horizontal plane and the front side is in a generally vertical plane.
  • the housings When a plurality of fans are arranged in side-by-side relation for parallel operation, as they commonly are in a unit ventilator, the housings are hidden below outlet grilles and there is no necessity for structure comparable to the discharge collars. Consequently, the side plate main portions 10 and triangular portions 20 may conveniently be separate pieces to afford manufacturing economy.
  • the wrapper extension 8 may be seperate from the wrapper sheet 2 and of a length suflicien-t to extend along the front of several side-by-side housings.
  • FIGURE provides the flared portions of adjacent side plates of a pair of side-by-side housings as well as an intermediate portion blanking oil the top forward space between the housings.
  • a flat blank of suitable peripheral shape is formed to provide the structure which includes the pair of triangular portions designated as 20 and 20a in FIGURES 3 and 5, and which serve as the flared portions of the two housings of FIGURE 3, with the flat horizontal triangular portion 30 connecting them along their top edges.
  • the lower edges of the triangular portions 20 and 20a which lie along the respective base lines 18 and 18a of the housings la-p the base line edges of the side plates so that the structure may be conveniently secured to the -fan housings proper, and to a fan board (not shown) which serves as a frame for mounting the housings within the unit ventilator.
  • the new structure provides a more uniform distribution of air velocities over the outlet area of the housing as compared to the conventional centrifugal fan housings.
  • Testing on certain con ventional housings developed that the ratio of average air velocities for the front and rear quadrants of the outlets was in the order of 2.2 to 1, while the ratio of average air velocities for comparable positions of the subject housing was in the order of 1.3 to 1, with the same fan wheel speed in both instances. It is believed that this more uniform distribution of air velocity from the outlets is one of the more import-ant factors in the improved performance.
  • a centrifugal fan housing which is substantially scroll-shaped in longitudinal cross-section and is of generally rectangular-shape in lateral cross-section, said housing having a cutolf, an end of spiral, and an isosceles trapezoidshaped outlet area, said outlet area having one boundary defined by said cutoff, and having an opposite boundary which is directly across said outlet area from said cutoif and which is the longer of the two parallel sides of said trapezoid, said housing including opposite housing sides having generally triangular-shaped portions adjacent said outlet area, each of said triangular-shaped portions including a base line side defined generally at opposite ends thereof by said cutoff and said end of spiral, each of said triangular-shaped portions further including an apex opposite said base line side, said triangularshaped portions diverging from each other from said base lines to said apexes to form the non-parallel sides of said isosceles trapezoid-shaped outlet area.
  • each of said triangular-shaped portions diverges outwardly at an angle .of about 15 from a plane in which the major portion of the respective housing side lies.
  • a centrifugal fan housing which is substantially scroll-shaped in longitudinal cross-section and is lof generally rectangular shape in lateral cross-section, and which includes a cu-toif, an air outlet having one boundary defined by said cutoif, and an opposite boundary which is directly across said outlet from said cutofi, and an end of spiral which is upstream, relative the direction of air flow in said housing, from said outlet, opposite sides for said housing, each of said sides including a generally triangular-shaped portion adjacent said air outlet, each said triangular-shaped portion being defined generally Within an area of said side bounded by the intersection of said side with said cutoff, said end of spiral and said opposite boundary of said outlet, and said triangularshaped portions diverge from each other.
  • each of said triangular-shaped portions begins along a line having opposite ends generally in the vicinity of said cutoff and said end of spiral respectively.
  • each of said triangular-shaped portion diverges from the plane of the respective housing side in the range of 10 to 20 degrees.
  • a centrifugal fan housing including a generally spirally-shaped wrapper wall which is substantially flat across its width, a cutoff corresponding generally with one end of said wrapper wall, an isosceles trapezoidshaped air outlet having one parallel boundary defined by said cutofi, and an opposite and longer parallel boundary which is directly across said outlet from said cutoff and corresponds with the other end of said wrapper wall, an end of spiral, a pair of opposite side walls for said housing, each side wall including a triangular-shaped portion immediately upstream fnom said outlet and defined within an area of said Wall bounded by the intersection of said wall by said cutoff, said end of spiral, and said opposite boundary of said outlet, said triangular-shaped portions diverging with their edges which lie in the plane of said outlet defining the two non-parallel boundaries of said isosceles trapezoid-shaped outlet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
US58310A 1960-09-26 1960-09-26 Centrifugal fan housings Expired - Lifetime US3098603A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US58310A US3098603A (en) 1960-09-26 1960-09-26 Centrifugal fan housings
GB33674/61A GB989348A (en) 1960-09-26 1961-09-20 Improvements in or relating to centrifugal fan housings
DE1403474A DE1403474C3 (de) 1960-09-26 1961-09-25 Spiralgehäuse für Ventilatoren

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US58310A US3098603A (en) 1960-09-26 1960-09-26 Centrifugal fan housings

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3098603A true US3098603A (en) 1963-07-23

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US58310A Expired - Lifetime US3098603A (en) 1960-09-26 1960-09-26 Centrifugal fan housings

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US (1) US3098603A (de)
DE (1) DE1403474C3 (de)
GB (1) GB989348A (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3856431A (en) * 1973-10-24 1974-12-24 Singer Co Side expansion scroll-type blowers
EP0369783A2 (de) * 1988-11-16 1990-05-23 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Übergangskanal für Radialverdichter
US20070059167A1 (en) * 2005-09-13 2007-03-15 American Standard International, Inc. Centrifugal blower for air handling equipment
US20090114206A1 (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-07 Rbc Horizon, Inc. Furnace Air Handler Blower Housing with an Enlarged Air Outlet Opening
US20090114205A1 (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-07 Rbc Horizon, Inc. High Efficiency Furnace Having a Blower Housing with an Enlarged Air Outlet Opening
US20100078007A1 (en) * 2007-11-06 2010-04-01 Rbc Horizon, Inc. High Efficiency Furnace/Air Handler Blower Housing with a Side Wall Having an Exponentially Increasing Expansion Angle
US20100183433A1 (en) * 2007-07-17 2010-07-22 Panasonic Corporation Centrifugal Fan
US20110189005A1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2011-08-04 Rbc Horizon, Inc. Low Profile, High Efficiency Blower Assembly
US20110217188A1 (en) * 2007-06-14 2011-09-08 Rbc Horizon, Inc. Extended Length Cutoff Blower
US20110240026A1 (en) * 2010-04-06 2011-10-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Radial blower with shaped scroll profile
WO2013081761A3 (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-11-07 Trane International Inc. Blower housing
US9017011B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-04-28 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Furnace air handler blower with enlarged backward curved impeller and associated method of use
CN104990240A (zh) * 2015-06-16 2015-10-21 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 风道组件及具有其的空调挂机

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5141397A (en) * 1991-01-18 1992-08-25 Sullivan John T Volute housing for a centrifugal fan, blower or the like

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2107897A (en) * 1935-07-24 1938-02-08 Gen Electric Fan
US2135252A (en) * 1935-11-06 1938-11-01 Grover Ray Furnace blower mounting
US2282015A (en) * 1939-11-13 1942-05-05 Chrysler Corp Air conditioning unit
US2341871A (en) * 1939-07-29 1944-02-15 Oerlikon Maschf Centrifugal blower with spiral casing
US2387348A (en) * 1943-09-03 1945-10-23 Torrington Mfg Co Centrifugal displacement apparatus
US2680566A (en) * 1950-06-13 1954-06-08 Russell R Gannon Air conditioning apparatus and system
US2710573A (en) * 1951-04-30 1955-06-14 Trade Wind Motorfans Inc Air handling apparatus
CA538038A (en) * 1957-03-12 Deere Manufacturing Co. Dual housing and shaft coupling arrangement

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA538038A (en) * 1957-03-12 Deere Manufacturing Co. Dual housing and shaft coupling arrangement
US2107897A (en) * 1935-07-24 1938-02-08 Gen Electric Fan
US2135252A (en) * 1935-11-06 1938-11-01 Grover Ray Furnace blower mounting
US2341871A (en) * 1939-07-29 1944-02-15 Oerlikon Maschf Centrifugal blower with spiral casing
US2282015A (en) * 1939-11-13 1942-05-05 Chrysler Corp Air conditioning unit
US2387348A (en) * 1943-09-03 1945-10-23 Torrington Mfg Co Centrifugal displacement apparatus
US2680566A (en) * 1950-06-13 1954-06-08 Russell R Gannon Air conditioning apparatus and system
US2710573A (en) * 1951-04-30 1955-06-14 Trade Wind Motorfans Inc Air handling apparatus

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3856431A (en) * 1973-10-24 1974-12-24 Singer Co Side expansion scroll-type blowers
EP0369783A2 (de) * 1988-11-16 1990-05-23 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Übergangskanal für Radialverdichter
EP0369783A3 (en) * 1988-11-16 1990-09-12 Baltimore Aircoil Company, Inc. Transition duct for centrifugal fan
US7591633B2 (en) * 2005-09-13 2009-09-22 Trane International, Inc. Centrifugal blower for air handling equipment
US20070059167A1 (en) * 2005-09-13 2007-03-15 American Standard International, Inc. Centrifugal blower for air handling equipment
US8591183B2 (en) 2007-06-14 2013-11-26 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Extended length cutoff blower
US20110217188A1 (en) * 2007-06-14 2011-09-08 Rbc Horizon, Inc. Extended Length Cutoff Blower
US9546668B2 (en) 2007-06-14 2017-01-17 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Extended length cutoff blower
US8678759B2 (en) * 2007-07-17 2014-03-25 Panasonic Corporation Centrifugal fan
US20100183433A1 (en) * 2007-07-17 2010-07-22 Panasonic Corporation Centrifugal Fan
US8001958B2 (en) * 2007-11-06 2011-08-23 Rbc Horizon, Inc. Furnace air handler blower housing with an enlarged air outlet opening
US20090114205A1 (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-07 Rbc Horizon, Inc. High Efficiency Furnace Having a Blower Housing with an Enlarged Air Outlet Opening
US9513029B2 (en) 2007-11-06 2016-12-06 Regal Beloit America, Inc. High efficiency furnace/air handler blower housing with a side wall having an exponentially increasing expansion angle
US20110114073A2 (en) * 2007-11-06 2011-05-19 Rbc Horizon, Inc. Furnace Air Handler Blower Housing with an Enlarged Air Outlet Opening
US8025049B2 (en) * 2007-11-06 2011-09-27 Rbc Horizon, Inc. High efficiency furnace having a blower housing with an enlarged air outlet opening
US8550066B2 (en) 2007-11-06 2013-10-08 Regal Beloit America, Inc. High efficiency furnace/air handler blower housing with a side wall having an exponentially increasing expansion angle
US20100263653A2 (en) * 2007-11-06 2010-10-21 Rbc Horizon, Inc. High Efficiency Furnace/Air Handler Blower Housing with a Side Wall Having an Exponentially Increasing Expansion Angle
US20090114206A1 (en) * 2007-11-06 2009-05-07 Rbc Horizon, Inc. Furnace Air Handler Blower Housing with an Enlarged Air Outlet Opening
US20100078007A1 (en) * 2007-11-06 2010-04-01 Rbc Horizon, Inc. High Efficiency Furnace/Air Handler Blower Housing with a Side Wall Having an Exponentially Increasing Expansion Angle
US20110240026A1 (en) * 2010-04-06 2011-10-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Radial blower with shaped scroll profile
US8667960B2 (en) * 2010-04-06 2014-03-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Radial blower with shaped scroll profile
US20110189005A1 (en) * 2010-08-11 2011-08-04 Rbc Horizon, Inc. Low Profile, High Efficiency Blower Assembly
US9188137B2 (en) 2011-12-01 2015-11-17 Trane International Inc. Blower housing
WO2013081761A3 (en) * 2011-12-01 2013-11-07 Trane International Inc. Blower housing
US9017011B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-04-28 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Furnace air handler blower with enlarged backward curved impeller and associated method of use
CN104990240A (zh) * 2015-06-16 2015-10-21 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 风道组件及具有其的空调挂机
CN104990240B (zh) * 2015-06-16 2019-03-26 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 风道组件及具有其的空调挂机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB989348A (en) 1965-04-14
DE1403474A1 (de) 1968-10-17
DE1403474C3 (de) 1974-07-25
DE1403474B2 (de) 1972-07-06

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