Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
  • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
  • A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
  • C08J7/04—Coating
  • C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
  • C08J7/08—Heat treatment
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/372—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing etherified or esterified hydroxy groups ; Polyethers of low molecular weight
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06M13/385—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing epoxy groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/55—Epoxy resins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
  • D06M23/06—Processes in which the treating agent is dispersed in a gas, e.g. aerosols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
  • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
  • C08J2323/06—Polyethene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2477/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
  • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/04—Polyester fibers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/09—Polyolefin
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/10—Polyvinyl halide esters or alcohol fiber modification
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/21—Nylon
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2915—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including textile, cloth or fabric
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
  • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
  • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
  • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
  • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
  • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Definitions

• This invention relates to new compositions of matter. More particularly it is concerned with a synthetic, hydrophobic sphaped structure bearing a novel finish to minimize the accumulation of charges of static electricity during finishing operations and normal use.
• antistatic agents usefulin the textile arts lack durability and some impart to textiles undesirable properties such as unpleasant hand and discoloration upon application or with continued fabric use. Furthermore, some known antistatic agents are operable only within a narrow pH range and thus lack compatibility with many other common yarn-treating agents which are not stable in that pH range, making it necessary to apply the agent in a treatment step distinct from that employed for other purposes.
• a further object is to provide a treated synthetic, hydrophobic shaped structure which minimizes or eliminates build-up of electrostatic charge and otherwise possesses substantially the same properties as the same structure before treatment.
• Another object is to provide a process for imparting durable antistatic properties to a synthetic, hydrophobic shaped structure.
• a synthetic, hydrophobic shaped structure which minimizes accumulation of charges of static electricity is provided by epoxide curing at a pH below 7.0 in the presence of an epoxide curing catalyst a synthetic hydrophobic shaped structure bearing a polyamine of the formula:
• Atent R Since the nature of atent R is not critical provided it is inert to reaction with amines, it may be any member of the class consisting of o o 0 H H 0 g H H I I ll and A- wherein -A-- is a member of the class consisting of divalent aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic and heterocyclic radicals. Preferably A- is hydrocarbon.
• a particularly desirable class of polyamines are those of the formula: I
• X is a member of the class consisting of wherein -R' is a member of the class consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl (i.e., an alkyl radical containing less than about 8 carbon atoms in its longest chain) and amino lower alkyl and -Y- is divalent aliphatic which while it may contain aza linkages is otherwise hydrocarbon, q being a number from about 6 to about 40.
• -R' is a member of the class consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl (i.e., an alkyl radical containing less than about 8 carbon atoms in its longest chain) and amino lower alkyl and -Y- is divalent aliphatic which while it may contain aza linkages is otherwise hydrocarbon, q being a number from about 6 to about 40.
• the preparation of these polyamines is discussed in detail in Belgian Patents 554,506, granted January 25, 1957, and 560,446, granted September 14, 1957.
• the polyethylene glycol dihalide e.g.
• chloride, bromide or iodide) analogue is condensed (with release of hydrogen halide) with an amine, the nitrogen of which contains at least two active hydrogen.
• amines methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, amylamine, hexylamine, dodecylamine, alylamine, monoethanolamine, 3-isopropyl-n-propylamine, 3-methoxy-npropylamine, diethylenetriamine, bis(3-aminopropyl) amine, bis(2-aminopropyl)amine, hexamethylene diamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine and the like.
• epoxide curing is meant that the polyamine defined above is reacted, after application of the reactants to the said shaped structure, with a polyepoxide.
• a polyepoxide can be prepared "by condensing epichlorohydrin with a polyol.
• a typical example is the condensation product (with elimination of HCl) of glycerine and epichlorohydrin. Preparation of these products is described in detail in British Patent 780,288, dated July 31, 1957.
• Such a material with a molecular weight of between about 280 to 360 is available on the open market under the trademark Eponite 100 (viscosity -150 cp. at 25 C.; 10.2 lbs./ gal.) by the Shell Chemical Corp.
• Eponresins which are diepoxide condensation products of epichlorohydrin and dimethyl, di-para hydroxyphenyl methane and the poly(allyl glycidyl ethers).
• a typical siloxane is l,3-bis- [-3-(2,3-epoxy propoxy) propyl] tetramethyldisiloxane sold under the trade mark Syl-Kern 90 by Dow Corning Corp., Midland, Michigan.
• Reaction of the polyamine (I) or (II) with the polyepoxide' may be conveniently accomplished by heating the shaped structure to which an and 30 parts by volume perchloroethylene 2.1 parts by volume dry cleaning soap (sold by R. R. Street 8; Co., Inc., 569 W. Monroe Street, Chicago,
• the bleaching procedure representative of prevailing commercial practice, consists of immersing fabric in 100 times its weight of bleaching bath containing:
• Durability of antistatic treatments ing, and dry cleaning is determined by measurement of surface resistances of the fabrics. These measurements are made under controlled conditions of 25% relative humidity and a temperature of 70 F. Current flowing across, the fabric is measured accurately with a Beckman, Model V Micro-microammeter, and the surface resistnee is then calculated from this and the known applied voltage. For convenience, these values are reported as logarithms of surface resistance. In general, the lower the surface resistance, the lower is the tendency of the fabric to develop a static charge. Surface reflectance of undyed fabrics is used as a measure of whiteness. Measurements are made using a Photovolt Model 610 and steam pressing. to bleaching, washreflectometer. By using green, amber, and blue filters, grayness and yellowness can be estimated.
• EXAMPLE 1 100 parts of the polyamine formed by condensation of diethylene triamine with the dichloride of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 600 (Aston L as identified above) as a 20% solids solution in water is stirred into 5000 parts of water. The pH of the resulting solution is adjusted to 3.2 by addition of 70 parts of a solution of hydrochloric acid in water. 62 parts of Eponite as identified above is then added and the mixture is dispersed using a Waring Blender. While mixing in the Waring Blender, 4 parts of zinc fluoroborate catalyst as a 40% aqueous solution is added. A slightly turbid solution is formed.
• a swatch of tropical plain weave fabric woven from a polyethylene terephthalate yarn is dipped into the emulsion prepared as described above and squeezed between the rollers of a hand wringer.
• the fabric is then cured for 5 minutes in an oven at 160 C. and thereafter scoured for 15 minutes at F.
• the fabric is observed to have gained 3.2% by weight of antistatic finish based on the original Weight of the fabric.
• the treated fabric has a log R of 10.3 compared with an original log R of 14.2. After the standard bleaching the sample is observed to have a log R of 12.9.
• a 21% by weight finish based on the Weight of the fabric is attained when 1240 parts of Eponite 100 is employed using the technique described above. In this case 80 parts of the zinc fluoroborate catalyst is employed.
• the product has a log R of 11.0 before the standard bleaching and a log R of 11.5 after the bleachmg.
• Example 1 is modified by employing as the polyamine component the reaction product of the dichloride of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 600 with methylamine (Aston 108 as identified above). The percent by weight of finish picked up by the fabric samples as Well as log Rs before and after standard bleaching when using 62 parts of the diepoxide (A) and when using 1240 parts of the diepoxide (B) are shown in Table 1.
• Sample (B) is found to be waxy and stiff.
• a Waring Blender is employed to mix 500 parts of Aston 108 as a 20% solids solution in water, 100 parts of a 10% aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, 62 parts of Eponite 100 and 4 parts of zinc fluoroborate catalyst as a 40% aqueous solution. The pH of the resulting mixture is 3.5. The mixture is then stirred into 4340 parts of water. The finish is padded upon four fabric swatches identified in Table II.
• the finish is applied using a laboratory padder set at 50 lbs. per square inch providing t-wo dips and two nips. After padding all fabric samples are dried overnight at room temperature and thereafter cured for 6 minutes at C.
• the initial log R of the samples, the percent by weight of antistatic agent deposited based on the weight of the fabric and the log R observations before and after washing, bleaching and dry cleaning are shown in Table III.
• the samples treated with the finish cross-linked with the diiodide are labeled C D and E.
• the table shows a comparative figure of yellowness factor relative to samples C and C D and D These compare to the yellowness factor of the untreated controls of 2.02 and 5.8 respectively.
• Samples of a tow of continuous filaments formed from a polymer of acryolnitrile (i.e. Orlon as identified above) are dipped into the test solutions at room temperature, wrung out to a solution pick-up of 100% and cured in a drying oven at 270 F. for ten minutes.
• the cured tow is converted into staple pads suitable for washing and testing for antistatic properties.
• washing tests are carried out with 0.1% aqueous Tide using a 15-minute wash cycle at 60 C. followed by two 5 minute rinses at 60 C.
• a cationic blue tint when added to the compositions employed in treating samples H, I and J results in reduction of the color of the samples to less than that of the control.
• optical whiteners and silicone water proofing agents and other commonly used textile treating agents may be simultaneously applied with the antistatic agents of the present invention to perform their conventional roles.
• EXAMPLE 5 Examples 1 and 2 are modified by employing as the curing agent 62 parts of Syl-Kem 90 as identified above.
• the log R of the samples M and N respectively before scouring, after scouring and after 5 hours wash are reported in Table VI.
• a polyepoxide resin is prepared by mixing 15 parts of sodium styrene sulfonate, parts of diionized water, 0.15 part of glyceryl monooleate, .08 part of alkyl phenoxy polyoxyethanol and 1.67 parts of glycidyl methacryate in a Waring Blendor to form an emulsion.
• the emulsion is added to a 200 ml. 3-necked flask which is then flushed with nitrogen. .06 part of a,u-azobisisobutyryl nitrile is then added and the reaction mass is lheated for 3 hours at 70 C. A thick semi-transparent emulsion is formed.
• Example 7 The technique of Example 4 is followed in preparing three antistatic finish reactants (M, N and 0) containing the polyamine and polyepoxide resin in a 1:1 weight ratio.
• Aston 108 is employed as the polyamine in each application.
• the emulsions are applied to a fabric woven from a polymer of acrylonitrile (i.e. Orlon as identified above) having an initial b;, of 3.0.
• the identity of the polyepoxide curing agent employed in each example is identified in Table VII.
• the color and log R of each sample after curing is reported in Table VIII.
• Eponite 100 Epon 815. Poly allyl glycidyl other.
• EXAMPLE 8 A mixture of 50 parts of Aston 108 active ingredients), 10 parts Eponite 100 and 940 parts water is made up and adjusted to pH 3.5. A tow formed from a polymer of acrylonitrile (i.e. Orion as identified above) is treated to provide a 100% by weight wet pickup of this solution, then cut into staple and dried at 270 F. for ten minutes. 20 parts of this treated staple is then blended with 80 parts untreated staple and the blend is spun into yarn and woven into a twill fabric. Samples of the fabric are washed, tested, bleached, disperse dyed and basic dyed. All exhibit static protection after 10 washes as shown in Table IX.
• hydrophobic shaped structure is meant a structure such as a foam, fiber, filament, yarn, staple, fabric, pellicle and the like, produced from a synthetic polymeric material, having a moisture regain of no greater than 5%, such as a polyamide, a polymer produced from acrylonitrile, a polyester, or the like.
• Suitable polyamides are those produced from a linear polymer containing recurring units of the formula:
• Z is a member of the class consisting of a divalent hydrocarbon radical and a divalent radical of the formula ethylenically unsaturated compounds which are suitable 75 as the minor constituent in forming useful copolymers with acrylonitn'le are listed in United States Patents Nos. 2,837,501; 2,486,241 and 2,436,926.
• polyesters from which such structures may be devised include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate copolyesters prepared using polyethylene glycols such as polyethylene glycols having molecular Weights of to about 6,000, or polyethers such as the dicarboxymethyl acid of polytetramethylene oxide or the esters polytetramethylene oxide, polydioxalane, or polyesters prepared using other acids such as bibenzoic, isophthalic or ethylene-bis-p-oxybenzoic acids.
• polyethylene glycols such as polyethylene glycols having molecular Weights of to about 6,000
• polyethers such as the dicarboxymethyl acid of polytetramethylene oxide or the esters polytetramethylene oxide, polydioxalane
• polyesters prepared using other acids such as bibenzoic, isophthalic or ethylene-bis-p-oxybenzoic acids.
• Such materials are described in United States Patent No. 2,465,319.
• Application of the antistatic finish of the present invention may be made to any form of the shaped structure including foams, fabric, yarn, tow, staple, films, plastic sheeting and the like.
• the shaped structure is treated With an emulsion of a mixture of a polyepoxide and a compound of Formula I.
• the emulsion is prepared by dispersing the polyamine and the polyepoxide in water at room temperature with vigorous stirring.
• the concentration of reactants in the emulsion may vary widely. A concentration as high as 20% may be used. However, more dilute emulsions containing from about 1 to about 5% of reactants are generally preferred. Any such finishing suspension having a concentration suitable to provide from about a 0.3% to about a 5% solids pickup based on the dry material is satisfactory.
• the reaction product can be applied to the structure by conventional methods such as dipping, padding, brushing, spraying, and the like. After removal of excess liquid, by wringing in the case of a textile, it is usually convenient to dry and cure the structure in one operation.
• the proportion of components may vary over a wide range.
• the ratio of polyamine:polyepoxide is maintained within the limits of 10:3 to 10:7.
• Higher ratios of polyepoxide such as 1:'l may be used however, as illustrated in the examples. Larger amounts of the polyepoxide may be employed but generally result in a harsher hand.
• the reactants may be applied to the shaped structure without the presence of catalysts, it is preferred to include a minor amount of an epoxide curing catalyst.
• an epoxide curing catalyst Such materials not only hasten the curing operation or permit curing at lower temperature, but also increase adherence of the antistatic agent to the structure.
• Such materials are well known in the art, as described, for instance in United States Patent No. 2,752,269.
• the reacted mixture may be either acidic or alkaline, alkaline conditions usually cause yellowing.
• Optimum conditions of curing will depend upon the identity of the reactants, the identity of the textile and whether or not a catalyst is included. Room temperature is adequate for forming the cured antistatic finish when a catalyst is used. Generally, however, a temperature of at least about 240 F. is preferred to accomplish efiicient drying of the textile. Usually temperature adiustment is made to permit curing and drying in a 3- minute interval. A temperature of about 212 F. to 250 F. is recommended for most textile materials. For operation in the absence of a catalyst at curing cycle of about 10 minutes at 270 F. is adequate.
• a process of minimizing the accumulation of charge of static electricity upon a synthetic, hydrophobic shaped structure which comprises applying to the said structure at a pH below 7.0 and in the presence of an epoxide curing catalyst, a mixture of a polyepoxide and a polyamine of the formula:
• R is an organic divalent radical
• -X is a member of the class consisting of amino nitrogen and divalent radical terminating in amino nitrogen
• m and n are small whole numbers from about 3 to about 40 and p is an integer no greater than about and thereafter reacting the said polyepoxide and the said polyamine together.
• a process of minimizing the accumulation of charge of static electricity upon a synthetic, hydrophobic shaped structure which comprises applying to the said structure at a pH below 7.0 and in the presence of an epoxide curing catalyst, a mixture of a polyepoxide and polyamine of the formula:
• q is a number from about 6 to about 40 and p is an integer no greater than about 10 10 and thereafter reacting the said polyepoxide and the said polyamine together.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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• 0
  • NL NL245471D patent/NL245471A/xx unknown
• 1958
  • 1958-11-17 US US774137A patent/US2982751A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1958-11-17 US US774138A patent/US3021232A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1959
  • 1959-02-24 US US794813A patent/US3053609A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1959-11-16 FR FR810279A patent/FR1243990A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1959-11-16 BE BE584710D patent/BE584710A/xx unknown
  • 1959-11-17 DE DEP23902A patent/DE1147910B/de active Pending
  • 1959-11-17 GB GB39001/59A patent/GB923645A/en not_active Expired
  • 1959-12-21 NL NL246633D patent/NL246633A/xx unknown
  • 1959-12-21 DK DK464459AA patent/DK106547C/da active
  • 1959-12-22 CH CH8221959A patent/CH381193A/de unknown
  • 1959-12-22 GB GB43605/59A patent/GB911282A/en not_active Expired
  • 1959-12-23 FR FR814013A patent/FR1260024A/fr not_active Expired

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