GB923645A - Antistatic compositions for hydrophobic shaped structures - Google Patents

Antistatic compositions for hydrophobic shaped structures

Info

Publication number
GB923645A
GB923645A GB39001/59A GB3900159A GB923645A GB 923645 A GB923645 A GB 923645A GB 39001/59 A GB39001/59 A GB 39001/59A GB 3900159 A GB3900159 A GB 3900159A GB 923645 A GB923645 A GB 923645A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
amine
integer
fabrics
derived
shaped structures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB39001/59A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Publication of GB923645A publication Critical patent/GB923645A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/08—Heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/372—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing etherified or esterified hydroxy groups ; Polyethers of low molecular weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/385—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing epoxy groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/55—Epoxy resins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/06—Processes in which the treating agent is dispersed in a gas, e.g. aerosols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2477/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/04—Polyester fibers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/09—Polyolefin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/10—Polyvinyl halide esters or alcohol fiber modification
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/21—Nylon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2915—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including textile, cloth or fabric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

A composition for application to hydrophobic shaped structures to reduce the accumulation of static electricity thereon, comprises a mixture of a polyepoxide and a polyamine of the formula H[-X-CH2-CH2(OCH2 OCH2)m-O-R-O-(CH2 CH2 O)n-CH2.CH2]p-X-H where -R- is a divalent radical, -X- is a divalent radical derived from an amine, in which at least one free valency is directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the amine, m and n are whole numbers from 3 to 40 inclusive and p is an integer not greater than 10, or a polyamine of the formula H[-X1-CH2 CH2-(OCH2 CH2)q-OCH2 CH2]p -X1-H, where X1 is <FORM:0923645/IV(a)/1> R1 being hydrogen or an alkyl or amino alkyl radical containing less than 8 carbon atoms in its longest chain, -Y- being a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which may contain aza linkages, q an integer from 6 to 40 inclusive and p an integer not greater than 10. The preparation of the polyamines by reacting a polyethylene glycol dihalide with an amine, e.g. methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, amylamine, hexylamine, dodecylamine, allylamine, monoethanolamine, 3-isopropyl-n-propylamine, 3-methoxy-n-propylamine, diethylene triamine, hexamethylene diamine, bis(3-amino propyl)-amine, bis(2-amino propyl)amine, triethylene tetramine and tetraethylene pentamine is described in Belgian Specifications 554,506 and 560,446. Specified hydrophobic shaped structures are foams, fibres, filaments, yarns or fabrics of polyamides, acrylonitrile polymers or polyesters, the compositions being preferably applied to the substrate in emulsified form and cured thereon. The examples disclose the reaction of polyamines derived from diethylene triamine and the dichloride of polyethylene glycol and methylamine and the dichloride of polyethylene glycol, with polyepoxides derived from glycerin and epichlorohydrin; alkylphenoxypolyoxyethanol, glyceryl mono oleate and glycidyl methacrylate; and 1 :3-bis[3-(2 :3-epoxy-propoxy) propyl] tetramethyldisiloxane, curing being effected in the presence of zinc fluoroborate. Specifications 578,079, 586,796, 586,881, 765,585 and 780,288 also are referred to.ALSO:A process for reducing the accumulation of static electricity on synthetic hydrophobic shaped structures, comprises applying thereto a mixture of a polyepoxide and a polyamine of the formula <FORM:0923645/IV(a)/1> where -R- is a divalent radical, -X- is a divalent radical derived from an amine, in which at least one free valency is directly attached to the nitrogen atom of the amine, m and n are whole numbers from 3 to 40 inclusive and p is an integer not greater than 10, or a polyamine of the formula H[-X1-CH2CH2-(OCH2CH2) q-O-CH2CH2]p-X1-H where X1 is <FORM:0923645/IV(a)/2> R1 being hydrogen or an alkyl or aminoalkyl radical containing less than 8 carbon atoms in its longest chain, -Y- being a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical which may contain aza linkages, q an integer from 6 to 40 inclusive and p an integer not greater than 10. Specified hydrophobic shaped structures are fibres, filaments, yarns or fabrics of polyamides, acrylonitrile polymers and polyesters. In the examples, polyethylene terephthalate fabrics, polyacrylonitrile fabrics, polyhexamethylene adipamide fabrics and tows of polyacrylonitrile fabrics are coated with compositions containing polyamines derived from the dichloride of polyethylene glycol and diethylene triamine or methylamine, polyepoxides derived glycerin and epichlorohydrin or alkyl phenoxy polyoxyethanol, glyceryl monooleate and glycidyl methacrylate or with 1:3-bis[3-(2:3-epoxy-propoxy)propyl]-tetramethyl disiloxane, curing being effected in the presence of zinc fluoroborate. Specifications 578,079, 586,796, 586,881, 765,585 and 780,288 are referred to.
GB39001/59A 1958-11-17 1959-11-17 Antistatic compositions for hydrophobic shaped structures Expired GB923645A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US774137A US2982751A (en) 1958-11-17 1958-11-17 Process and composition for rendering synthetic hydrophobic material antistatic and the product obtained therefrom
US774138A US3021232A (en) 1958-11-17 1958-11-17 Process for rendering synthetic hydrophobic material antistatic and the product obtained therefrom
US78241258A 1958-12-23 1958-12-23
US794813A US3053609A (en) 1958-11-17 1959-02-24 Textile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB923645A true GB923645A (en) 1963-04-18

Family

ID=27505730

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB39001/59A Expired GB923645A (en) 1958-11-17 1959-11-17 Antistatic compositions for hydrophobic shaped structures
GB43605/59A Expired GB911282A (en) 1958-11-17 1959-12-22 Processes for the treatment of fibrous materials

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB43605/59A Expired GB911282A (en) 1958-11-17 1959-12-22 Processes for the treatment of fibrous materials

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (3) US2982751A (en)
BE (1) BE584710A (en)
CH (1) CH381193A (en)
DE (1) DE1147910B (en)
DK (1) DK106547C (en)
FR (2) FR1243990A (en)
GB (2) GB923645A (en)
NL (2) NL246633A (en)

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FR1243990A (en) 1961-01-18
NL245471A (en) 1900-01-01
CH8221959A4 (en) 1964-04-15
US3053609A (en) 1962-09-11
GB911282A (en) 1962-11-21
BE584710A (en) 1960-05-16
NL246633A (en) 1964-02-10
FR1260024A (en) 1961-05-05
US3021232A (en) 1962-02-13
DE1147910B (en) 1963-05-02
US2982751A (en) 1961-05-02
CH381193A (en) 1964-08-31

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