US2994648A - Nickel plating additives - Google Patents
Nickel plating additives Download PDFInfo
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- US2994648A US2994648A US23900A US2390060A US2994648A US 2994648 A US2994648 A US 2994648A US 23900 A US23900 A US 23900A US 2390060 A US2390060 A US 2390060A US 2994648 A US2994648 A US 2994648A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- solution
- brightening
- per liter
- agents
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 79
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title description 21
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 benzene monosulfonic acid benzene disulfonic acid nickel naphthalene disulfonate cobalt naphthalene disulfonate nickel benzene Chemical compound 0.000 description 21
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo-alpha-pyrone Natural products C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.OS(O)(=O)=O FZUJWWOKDIGOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCMLQMDWSXFTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzenesulfonimidic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1S(N)(=O)=O YCMLQMDWSXFTIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(diethylamino)chromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004775 coumarins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OVQABVAKPIYHIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(benzenesulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OVQABVAKPIYHIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ACMLKANOGIVEPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 ACMLKANOGIVEPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEFDYGOYVXEKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxochromene-6-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 GEFDYGOYVXEKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSPIFKKOBWYOEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-acetylcoumarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C(C(=O)C)=CC2=C1 CSPIFKKOBWYOEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZCTYFCCOGXULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromochromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C(Br)=CC2=C1 DZCTYFCCOGXULA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKCOPMSBJBNBCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chlorochromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C(Cl)=CC2=C1 CKCOPMSBJBNBCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIIIJFZJKFXOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylchromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C(C)=CC2=C1 VIIIJFZJKFXOGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QECFPFZIFALPKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,8-dimethylchromen-2-one Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=C1OC(=O)C=C2C QECFPFZIFALPKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSGQCCSGKGJLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-chromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C1OC(=O)C=C2C PSGQCCSGKGJLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQSYJCKXPUEDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chlorochromen-2-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C=CC2=CC(Cl)=CC=C21 AMQSYJCKXPUEDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJIJXIFQYOPWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-hydroxycoumarin Natural products O1C(=O)C=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 CJIJXIFQYOPWTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004422 alkyl sulphonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000956 coumarin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YZMHQCWXYHARLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 YZMHQCWXYHARLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UNYWISZSMFIKJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound NS(=O)(=O)CC=C UNYWISZSMFIKJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTLHPYXKUOESEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([NH-])(=O)=O)C=C1 VTLHPYXKUOESEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ORHBXUUXSCNDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N umbelliferone Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 ORHBXUUXSCNDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
Definitions
- This invention relates to the electrodeposition of nickel and more specifically to a process of electrodepositing nickel, and to a solution for use in a process for electrodepositing nickel.
- the invention has to do with the discovery of cooperating brightening agents suitable for use in aqueous acid nickel plating solutions where the solution contains a nickel electrolyte selected from nickel sulfate and nickel chloride and mixtures thereof.
- nickel electrolyte of the class consisting of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride and mixtures of nickel sulfate and nickel chloride if the solution also contains an effective amount of each of two cooperating addition agents.
- One of the cooperating addition agents has an internal sulfur atom in the organic molecule and is characterized by a solubility in the plating solution of at least 0.00.05 gram per liter and the following characteristic structure:
- X is a member selected from the group consisting of and n and m are integers from 1 to 4, and A is a member selected from the group consisting of H, CN--, CN-(CH O-, where p is an integer from 1 to 4, CN-(CH X-, where p is an integer from 1 to 4 and Where X is a member selected from the group consisting of and B is a member selected from the group consisting of --CN, CN(CH -O, where p is an integer from 1 to 4 and CN(CH -X, where p is an integer from 1 to 4 and X is a member selected from the group consisting of
- the preferred types are the symmetrical forms NC-(OH --X-(CH ),,CN
- X is a member selected from the group consisting of O, and S-- and n is an integer from 1 to 4, which may be called sulfonylalkylene uitriles and sulfinylalkyleue nitriles.
- brighteners The addition agents falling within this classification will hereafter be referred to as brighteners.
- Typical brighteners according to the invention are indicated in Table I.
- the optimum range of each brightener which should be dissolved in the plating solution is also indicated in Table I in grams of brightener per liter of plating solution. They may be used in the plating solution in concentration from 0.0005 to 0.10 gram per liter.
- NCCH2CHzS-CH2CH2CN NCCH2CHzS-CH2CH2CN (4) B-cyanoethyl propyl sulioxide 0. 008-0. 05
- NC--CH1CHz-OCH1CH2fiCHzCHzO-CH:CH2CN carrier is dissolved in the plating solution in amounts from about 2 to about 5 grams per liter.
- the organic sulfonates, sulfimides and sulfonamides comprise aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides, and sulfimides.
- aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides are included the acids and their salts such as the sodium, potassium, nickel, cobalt, and iron salts thereof.
- the class includes aryl and unsaturated alkyl sulfonates, sulfimides and sulfonarnides, and the foregoing salts thereof wherein the number of carbon atoms in any aryl nucleus is from 6 to 10 and in any unsaturated alkyl group is from 1 to 10, and substitution products of the foregoing wherein the substituents are chosen fromthe class of alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, chlorine, CH0 and phenyl.
- organic sulfonamides, sulfimides, and sulfonates are frequently referred to as carriers or control agents in the art of nickel plating, and accordingly, are sometimes so-called herein. These carriers produce a degree of brightness without a cooperating brightener. Nevertheless, they do not produce suflicient brightness when uti-' lized as the sole brightening additive in acid nickel plating solutions to be considered as producing a full, bright plate.
- the carriers or control agents constituting this second class of addition agents have a minimum solubility in the plating solution (for example, in a solution consisting of 240 grams of NiSO .6H O, 37.5 grams of NiCl .6H 0, 37.5 grams of H BO and water to make a liter) to the extent of at least 0.05 gram per liter.
- Typical compounds illustrating the aryl and unsaturated alkyl sulfonamides, sulfimides and sulfonates are set forth in Table II. With respect to the aromatic sulfonic acids and sulfonamides and sulfimides various substituents in the ring structure are evident in the formulas in-' dicated.
- the brightening addition agent should be dissolved in.
- the constituents of the plating bath are (1) water, (2) nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, or a mixture of nickel sulfate and nickel chloride, (3) the brightener, (4) a sulfonate, a sulfonamide, a sulfimide, or one or more sulfonates, sulfonamides, sulfimides or mixtures thereof of the type previously indicated, and (5) and a wetting agent (optional).
- An additional ingredient of the solution which is desirable is a buffering agent such as boric acid, formic acid, or the like.
- the essential novel feature of the invention is the use of an acid nickel plating solution having one or more nickel electrolytes selected from nickel sulfate and nickel chloride and additionally containing cooperating brightening agents, one of which is at least one carrier selected from the group consisting of unsaturated aliphatic sulfonamides, unsaturated aliphatic sulfimides, unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, aromatic sulfonamides, aromatic sulfimides and aromatic sulfonates, and the other of which is a small amount of a brightener of the type heretofore indicated.
- Wetting agent e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate
- Wetting agent 0 to 0.5 grams, preferably 0.05 to 0.2 H20 to make 1000 cc.
- ALL CHLORIDE Wetting agent e.g. sodium lauryl sulfate
- Wetting agent 0 to 0.5 grams, preferably 0.05 t 0.2 120 to make 1000 cc.
- Wetting agent e.g. sodium sulfate derivative of 'I-ethyl- 2-methyl-undecanol-4) 0 to 0.5 gram, preferably 0.025 to 0.2 gram. H20 to make 1000 cc.
- the plating solutions above identified may be operated under conditions of pH, temperature, and cathode current density which are customarily employed therewith.
- the cooperating brightening agents of the invention are dissolved in the plating solutions in the amount previously indicated, bright, ductile deposits Will be obtained upon electrolysis of the solution.
- Typical operating conditions for the basic solutions are as follows:
- electroplating solutions containing different cooperating brighteners and carriers are illustrated in. Table III.
- the operating conditions for obtaining bright ductile nickel deposits are also set forth in the table.
- a bright nickel deposit of from .05 to about 1 mil thick or thicker may be secured by electrolyzing the electroplating solution between an anode and a buffed brass cathode. Similar results may be secured on other types of cathodes conventionally employed in acid nickel plating processes utilizing solutions of the type indicated herein.
- substituents are alkylv or acyl groupsnot exceeding 4' carbon atoms, halogen, hydroxy or carboxy groups maybe employed.
- Typical examples of substituted coumarins are 4-methyl coumarin, 6-chloro coumarin, 3- acetyl coumarin, coumarin-3-carboxylic acid, 4,8-dimethyl coumarin, 7-hydroxy coumarin, 6-carboxy coumarin, 3- chloro coumarin, 3-bromo coumarin, and 3-methyl coumarin.
- coumarin or its said derivatives may be dissolved .in the nickel plating solutions containing the cooperating brightening agents and found to exert a leveling or smoothing action such that bright, ductile, nickel deposits of excellent smoothness are obtained.
- Nickel Chloride g./l Boric Acid, g./l Allyl Sulfonic Acid, g./l
- Dibenzenesulfonamide ether g./1 Sacoharin (sodium salt), g./l Toluene sulfonamide, g./l -t Bis(B-cyanoethyl)sulione, g./l 1,4-Bis(B-cyanoethylsulfonyl) butane, a ll Bis(B-cyanoethy1) sulfoxide, g./l
- B-cyanoethyl propyl sulfoxide g./l
- B-cyanoethyl B-cyanoethoxyethyl sulfone, g./l
- Nickel Sulfate g./l Nickel Fluoborate, g./l
- Dibenzenesulfonamide ether g./l 3 Saccharin (sodium salt), g./l 2 Toluene sulfonamide, g./l Bis(B-cyanoethyl)sulfone, ll
- X is a member selected from the group consisting of and n and m are integers from 1 to 4, and A is a member selected from the group consisting of H, CN, CN(CH O-, where p is an integer from 1 to 4, CN(CH -X, where p is an integer from 1 to 4 and where X is a member selected from the group consisting of and B is a member selected from the group consisting of --CN, CN-(C z) Where p is an integer from 1 to 4, and CN(CH Where p is an integer from 1 to 4 and X is a member selected from the group consisting of i -s 0 II ll 0 and -S the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from .05 to 20 grams perliter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.0005 to 0.10 gram per liter. l
- a nickel electroplating bath comprising an aqueous solution of a nickel electrolyte selected from the group] j consisting of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, and mixtures thereof, said solution'also containing cooperatingbright: H
- one of said brightening addition agents being at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and the second of" said agents being a compound of the formula 8.. of said brightening addition agents being a compound of the formula wherein n is an integer from 1 to 4, the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from .05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.0005 to 0.10 gram per liter.
- a nickel electroplating bath comprising an aqueous solution of a nickel electrolyte selected from the group consisting of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, and mixtures thereof, said solution also containing cooperating brightening addition agents, one of said brightening addition agents being at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and the second of said brightening addition agents being a compound of the formula wherein n is an integer from 1 to 4, the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from .05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.0005 to 0.10 gram per liter.
- An acid nickel electroplating solution comprising in addition to Water, nickel sulfate equivalent to from 100 to 400 grams per liter of NiSO -7H O, nickel C1110? ride equivalent to from 10 to 60 grams per liter of NiCl -6H O, a buffering agent and cooperating, brighten ing addition agents, one of said brightening addition agents being a compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and the second of said brightening addition agents being Bis(B-cyanoethyl) sulfone, the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.005 to 0.03 gram per liter.
- An acid nickel electroplating solution comprising in addition to water, nickel sulfate equivalent to from 100 to 400 grams per liter of NiSO -7H O, nickel chlo- Q ride equivalent to from 10 to 60 grams per liter of NiCl -6H O, a buffering agent and cooperating, brightening addition agents, one of said brightening addition and n is an integer from 1 to 4, the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from .05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution a to the extent of from 0.0005 to 0.10 gram per liter.
- a nickel electroplating bath comprising an aqueous '7 solution of a nickel electrolyte selected from the group consisting of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, and mixtures thereof, said solution also containing cooperating'brightening addition agents, one of said brightening addition agents being at least one organic compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and t e second agents being a compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and the second of said brightening addition agents being a 1,4-Bis(B-cyanoethy1- sulfonyl) butane, the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.005 to 0.03
- An acid nickel electroplating solution comprising in addition to Water, nickel sulfate equivalent to from to 400 grams per liter of NiSO -7H O, nickel chlo ride equivalent to from 10 to 60 grams per liter of NiCl -6H O, a buffering agent and cooperating, brightening addition agents, one of said brightening addition agents being a compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and the second of said brightening addition agents being a Bis(B-cyanoethyl) sulfoxide, the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being prment in said solution to the extent Of from 0.0005 to 0.006 gram per liter.
- An acid nickel electroplating solution comprising in addition to water, nickel sulfate equivalent to from 100 to 400 grams per liter of NiSO -7H O, nickel chloride equivalent to from to 60 grams per liter of NiCl -6H O, a buffering agent and cooperating, brightening addition agents, one of said brightening addition agents being a compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and the second of said brightening addition agents being a B-cyanoethyl propyl sulfoxide, the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.0005 to 0.006 gram per liter.
- An acid nickel electroplating solution comprising in addition to water, nickel sulfate equivalent to from 100 to 400 grams per liter of NiSO -7H O, nickel chloride equivalent to from 10 to 60 grams per liter of NiCl -6H O, a bufiering agent and cooperating, brightening addition agents, one of said brightening addition agents being a compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and the second of said brightening addition agents being a B-cyanoethyl B-cyanoethoxyethyl sulfone, the first said brightening addition 10 agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.0005 to 0.006 gram per liter.
- An acid nickel electroplating solution comprising in addition to water, nickel sulfate equivalent to from 100 to 400 grams per liter of NiSO -7H O, nickel chloride equivalent to from 10 to grams per liter of NiCl -6H O, a buffering agent and cooperating, brightening addition agents, one of said brightening addition agents being a compound selected from the group consisting of aromatic and unsaturated aliphatic sulfonates, sulfonamides and sulfimides and the second of said brightening addition agents being a Bis(B-cyanoethoxyethyl) sulfone, the first said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of firom 0.05 to 20 grams per liter and the second said brightening addition agent being present in said solution to the extent of from 0.0005 to 0.006 gram per liter.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL263657D NL263657A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1960-04-22 | ||
| NL126849D NL126849C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1960-04-22 | ||
| US23900A US2994648A (en) | 1960-04-22 | 1960-04-22 | Nickel plating additives |
| GB12042/61A GB898774A (en) | 1960-04-22 | 1961-04-04 | Nickel electroplating |
| DEH42365A DE1190287B (de) | 1960-04-22 | 1961-04-20 | Waessriges Bad fuer die galvanische Vernickelung |
| FR859455A FR1287149A (fr) | 1960-04-22 | 1961-04-21 | Procédé d'électrodéposition de nickel et solution utilisée dans ce procédé |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US23900A US2994648A (en) | 1960-04-22 | 1960-04-22 | Nickel plating additives |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2994648A true US2994648A (en) | 1961-08-01 |
Family
ID=21817827
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US23900A Expired - Lifetime US2994648A (en) | 1960-04-22 | 1960-04-22 | Nickel plating additives |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2994648A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE1190287B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB898774A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (2) | NL126849C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3254007A (en) * | 1963-02-05 | 1966-05-31 | Hanson Van Winkle Munning Co | Electrodeposition of nickel |
| US3417005A (en) * | 1965-12-27 | 1968-12-17 | Gen Motors Corp | Neutral nickel-plating process and bath therefor |
| US4046647A (en) * | 1976-06-17 | 1977-09-06 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Additive for improved electroplating process |
| US4053373A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1977-10-11 | M & T Chemicals Inc. | Electroplating of nickel, cobalt, nickel-cobalt, nickel-iron, cobalt-iron and nickel-iron-cobalt deposits |
| EP2650986A4 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2014-12-24 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | SPARK PLUG |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2467580A (en) * | 1943-08-21 | 1949-04-19 | Udylite Corp | Electrodeposition of nickel |
| US2882208A (en) * | 1957-09-23 | 1959-04-14 | Udylite Res Corp | Electrodeposition of nickel |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL80234C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1950-08-16 |
-
0
- NL NL263657D patent/NL263657A/xx unknown
- NL NL126849D patent/NL126849C/xx active
-
1960
- 1960-04-22 US US23900A patent/US2994648A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1961
- 1961-04-04 GB GB12042/61A patent/GB898774A/en not_active Expired
- 1961-04-20 DE DEH42365A patent/DE1190287B/de active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2467580A (en) * | 1943-08-21 | 1949-04-19 | Udylite Corp | Electrodeposition of nickel |
| US2882208A (en) * | 1957-09-23 | 1959-04-14 | Udylite Res Corp | Electrodeposition of nickel |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3254007A (en) * | 1963-02-05 | 1966-05-31 | Hanson Van Winkle Munning Co | Electrodeposition of nickel |
| US3417005A (en) * | 1965-12-27 | 1968-12-17 | Gen Motors Corp | Neutral nickel-plating process and bath therefor |
| US4053373A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1977-10-11 | M & T Chemicals Inc. | Electroplating of nickel, cobalt, nickel-cobalt, nickel-iron, cobalt-iron and nickel-iron-cobalt deposits |
| US4046647A (en) * | 1976-06-17 | 1977-09-06 | M&T Chemicals Inc. | Additive for improved electroplating process |
| FR2355095A1 (fr) * | 1976-06-17 | 1978-01-13 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Procede et composition pour le depot electrolytique de nickel, cobalt et alliages de ceux-ci avec le fer |
| EP2650986A4 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2014-12-24 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | SPARK PLUG |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1190287B (de) | 1965-04-01 |
| GB898774A (en) | 1962-06-14 |
| NL126849C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | |
| NL263657A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
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