US2686339A - Treatiment of acrylonitrile polymer fibers - Google Patents

Treatiment of acrylonitrile polymer fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US2686339A
US2686339A US188306A US18830650A US2686339A US 2686339 A US2686339 A US 2686339A US 188306 A US188306 A US 188306A US 18830650 A US18830650 A US 18830650A US 2686339 A US2686339 A US 2686339A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
percent
acrylonitrile
zone
crimped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US188306A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lawrence C Holt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Solutia Inc
Original Assignee
Chemstrand Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE505748D priority Critical patent/BE505748A/xx
Priority to NL79301D priority patent/NL79301C/xx
Priority to DENDAT1069325D priority patent/DE1069325B/de
Application filed by Chemstrand Corp filed Critical Chemstrand Corp
Priority to US188306A priority patent/US2686339A/en
Priority to GB18708/51A priority patent/GB714167A/en
Priority to FR1048108D priority patent/FR1048108A/fr
Priority to CH296981D priority patent/CH296981A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2686339A publication Critical patent/US2686339A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D02G1/127—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes including drawing or stretching on the same machine
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]

Definitions

  • Thisinvention relates to the treatmentv of fibers of an acrylonitrile polymer. More particularly, the invention relates to a processfor continuously crimping acrylonitrile polymer fibers which are in an internally strained condition and relaxing the internals strains to thereby reduce the residual shrinkage capacity of the fibers and stabilize them in the crimped condition, in a single operation.
  • Continuous fibers may be formed from acrylonitrile polymers of suitable molecular weight and containing, in the molecule, at. least '75 percent of acrylonitrile,v by either the wetor dry-spinning process.
  • the freshly formed fibers are not highly oriented and have relatively low tensile strength as compared to highly oriented acrylonitril'e polymer fibers in which the molecules are aligned or oriented inthe direction of the fiber axis.
  • any treatment or handling of the substantially unoriented or lowly oriented fibers which induces orientation of the molecules to any extent, as; for example, holding them under tension under conditions such that they are heated, introduces internal strains and leaves the fibers in an internally unbalanced condition in which the continuous fibers, or discontinuous fibers obtained by cutting. or otherwise disrupting the continuous fibers, tend to shrink on subsequent heating, thereof 'to elevated temperatures, in use.
  • Fibers which arestretched and in an internally strained condition have an undesirably high residual shrinkage capacity. This disadvantage may be overcome and undesirable shrinkage of the fibersin use prevented, by heating the internally strained fibers in. a relaxed condition in which they are free to shrink whereby the strains are relieved, and the fibers arestabilized against shrinkage at the temperature of heating.
  • the acrylonitrile polymer fibers are relatively straight and have a smooth, slick surface and are not adapted to" being spun into a yarn on either the cotton or woolen systems.
  • One object of this invention is to provide a method for crimping and relaxing internally strained acrylonitrile polymer fibers in a single operation. Another object is to provide a method for crimping acrylonitrile polymer fibers and stabilizing them inthe crimped condition by relieving internal strains therein while imparting crimp thereto. A further object is to provide a method for producing acrylonitrile polymer'fibers having. a controlled-residual shrinkage capacity and improved textile processing characteristics.
  • internally strained continuous fibers of an acrylonitrile polymer which do not contain more than 5 percent of the spinning solvent, and preferably in the form of a' tow" or bundle, are continuously passed between rollers into and through a crimping chamber which is maintained full of fibers and in which the fibers are held in packed condition for a predetermined time while they'are subjected to heat, whereby packing pressure causes them to crimp and the molecular strains are relaxed under the influence of the heat, with stabilization of the fibersin the crimped condition.
  • the crimped continuous-fibers may then be severed to discontinuous lengths by any suitable means, and, if necessary, the crimped staple lengthsare dried. The drying may be performed prior to cuttingor severing-the continuous fibers.
  • the crimping chamber is at least as wide as the tow or bundle as it isfedto the chamber, and preferably-the Width of the crimping chamberis the same as the width of the tow as it is fed to the'chamber and the bowis caused to fold-back and forthupon itself in layers,. in which condition it passes to the chamber exit.
  • the tow or bundle While the tow or bundle is in-the packed, folded condition,. it is heated to atemperature determined by the temperature at which the fibers are toremain stable to subsequent objectionable shrinkage in use. The extent of relaxation of the strains in' the'fibersor filaments determines the residual shrinkage capacity of the fibers, and
  • the fibers should be stable to boiling water in use and, therefore, in practicing this invention, the packed tow of acrylonitrile polymer fibers will usually be heated to atemperature of 100 C. or higher, such as 110 to 130 C. for a time to internally relax the fibers to the extent that their residual shrinkage capacity is not greater than 3 percent at 100 C.
  • the heating time will vary depending on the pre vailing conditions, such as the size of the tow, the size of the fibers in the tow, the length of the crimping chamber, and the rate of feed of the tow to and through the chamber, these conditions being selected so that, within the time required for the packed tow to pass from the entrance of the crimping chamber to the exit thereof, the fibers of the tow are internally relaxed to the required extent.
  • the tow packed in the chamber may be heated to the desired temperature by any suitable heating medium such as hot air or steam, which may be dry, moist, saturated or superheated steam. Dry or superheated steam is preferred, since its use reduces the time required for drying the tow of crimped fibers after it leaves the chamber.
  • suitable heating medium such as hot air or steam, which may be dry, moist, saturated or superheated steam. Dry or superheated steam is preferred, since its use reduces the time required for drying the tow of crimped fibers after it leaves the chamber.
  • the continuous fibers which are simultaneously crimped and internally relaxed in accordance with this invention are characterized by a pronounced crimpiness and each fiber of the tow or bundle is crimped.
  • the number of crimps per inch can be varied but preferably the packing pressure is such that the crimps occur at closely spaced intervals along the length of the tow. In any case, the crimps tend to lie in a single plane through the tow along considerable distances, but their disposition may frequently swing into other planes at various angles about the length of the tow as an axis.
  • Discontinuous fibers cut from these crimped and stabilized continuous fibers have improved textile processing characteristics and are particularly suitable for working up on conventional textile working equipment, either alone or in blends with other fibers.
  • the discontinuous fibers obtained by cutting or otherwise disrupting the crimped tow can be spun into a yarn without further treatment, the carded webs and rovings or slivers comprising them being coherent structures which can be subjected to strong drafting without separation of the fibers.
  • the continuous acrylonitrile polymer fibers which are crimped and stabilized in crimped condition by internal relaxation may have any degree of orientation.
  • the fibers may not be oriented to any greater extent than results from handling thereof incident to their production and resulting from their withdrawal from the spinning zone and passage through a washin and conditioning zone, and/or into the crimping chamber. Or they may be positively stretched to any desired extent by stretching them between godets or by means of other thread-handling, thread-stretching devices, while they are heated, preferably by steam. Fibers having the highest degree of orientation, and therefore the highest tensile strength, are obtained by stretching the fibers at least 100% under heating, prior to simultaneously crimping and relaxing them accordance with the invention.
  • the fibers must not contain more than 5 percent of the spinning solvent when they are passed through the crimping chamber, and preferably contain from zero to 1.5 percentof residual spinning solvent. ihe solvent may be removed from the fibers, or reduced to not more than 5 percent by weight, by washing the fibers thoroughly after their formation.
  • the continuous acrylonitrile polymer fibers containing not more than 5 percent spinning solvent by weight are stretched for orientation, in a heated condition, and passed directly from the stretching stage into and through the crimping chamber in which they are caused to fold back and forth upon themselves and heated in the packed, folded condition, the stretching for orientation and crimping and relaxation bein effected continuously.
  • Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the apparatus
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the portion of the apparatus embodying the crimping and relaxing chamber
  • Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the apparatus with parts removed.
  • the tow 2 of continuous acrylonitrile polymer fibers which have been freed of residual spinning solvent, or which do not contain more than 5 percent of the solvent, is passed from the pair of canted rotors or godets 4, 5, and thence to the canted rotors or odets 6, I, through the stretching tube 8.
  • Steam under pressure or other suitable heating medium is introduced into the tube through the conduit 9 and escapes through the conduit I0. From godets B,
  • the tow is fed directly to the crimping device comprising a crimping chamber l2, between the feed rolls l3, M, which preferably have smooth, cylindrical surfaces but for certain fibers or filaments may be corrugated or serrated to varying degrees.
  • Feed roll I3 is keyed to shaft l5 which is journalled in bearing blocks l6, l1 fixed to a fixed supporting plate l8 and carries a gear I8 and a sprocket 20 which is driven by a chain connected to a suitable power source, not shown.
  • Feed roll I4 is keyed to shaft 2
  • Bearing blocks 22 and 23 are provided with slots 25 and fastened to the plate Is by studs 26. The bearing blocks slide back and forth in the slots, to compensate for any variation in the thickness of the tow passing between the feed rolls.
  • the feed roll [4 is held in pressure engagement with the tow passing between the rolls by a cushion 27 of any suitable resilient material, such as rubber, which bears against the bearing blocks 22 and 23.
  • Resilient member 21 is secured to the threaded rod 28 which is in turn adjustably secured to the lug 29 fixed to the plate l8.
  • the crimping and relaxing chamber i2 is formed by the rolls l3, M, a panel 45, a removable cover plate 35, the diverging doctor blades 33, 3
  • the removable cover plate 35 may be screwed to the doctor blades which in turn are screwed to the panel 45.
  • the total Weight of 33 and- 34 must be lighter than arm 32.
  • Panel 45 extends at a right angle to plate l8 and is integral with it or fixed thereto.
  • the doctor blades are preferably formed of highly polished metal and constitute the opposite sides of the chamber.
  • the blades are fixed to the panel 45 in diverging relation, and with their upper ends abutting against rolls l3, [4, below the nip of the rolls, to control the deflection of the tow leaving the nip.
  • the inclined plate 32 forms a partial bottom closure for the crimping and relaxing chamber I2, to permit continuous discharge of the crimped tow of continuous filaments.
  • the tow is treated with steam as it passes from the nip of the rolls I3 and M to the restricted exit between the blade 3
  • Steam is introduced into the chamber at a point just below the nip of the rolls l3, l4 through the pipe 33.
  • steam may also be introduced into the chamber at a point adjacent the exit from the chamber through the pipe 31.
  • the exit passage is narrow to cause suificient backpressure to develop in the chamber to insure packing and crimping of the filaments.
  • the chamber is kept full and the tow is fed to the chamber at a rate to insure a packed or stuffed condition.
  • the crimps occur at fairly regular, closely spaced intervals along the tow length.
  • the tow is held in the packed condition in the chamber by the strip 32 which remains in position until the pressure exerted on it by the packed tow exceeds a set, predetermined limit.
  • plate 34 carrying arm 33 to which the inclined strip 32 is pivotally secured rises against the rod 38 which may be resiliently urged downwardly against enlargement 34, such as by a spring weight, or as shown by fluid pressure in a cylinder 39.
  • strip 32 is lowered and the exit from chamber I2 is widened so that the crimped tow is discharged at a somewhat higher rate, after which strip 32 may return as conditions permit.
  • the cylinder 39 is connected to a hydraulic or pneumatic reservoir by the pipe 40, and the pressure exerted on piston 38a is controlled by the valve Ma in a discharge pipe 4
  • the stretching to which the continuous fibers constituting the tow are subjected as they proceed to the feed rolls I3, l4 introduces molecular stresses and strains which tend to be relieved, with shrinkage of the fibers or short fibers cut from them, when the fibers are subsequently subjected to elevated temperature.
  • This tendency of the fibers to shrink must be controlled if undesirable shrinkage of the yarns or fabrics formed from them is to be avoided, and as previously mentioned it has been the practice to heat the stretched fibers, or fibers cut therefrom, in a relaxed condition, in a separate operation, prior to fabricating them.
  • the continuous fibers of the tow may be uniformly stretched for orientation and then uniformly heated and relaxed simultaneously with crimping thereof.
  • Heating of the tow as it leaves the nip of the rolls and while it is in, the packed condition in chamber I2 effects relaxation of the strains introduced, by the stretching and such relaxation reduces the residual shrinkage capacity of the fibers and sets the crimp developed therein by the back pressure in the chamber.
  • the crimped fibers withdrawn from chamber l2 have a residual shrinkage capacity of not more than 3 percent at the temperature to which they are heated in the chamher, which may be any temperature between that at which the acrylonitrile polymer would shrink before the heat-relaxation, and the melting point of the polymer.
  • Discontinuous fibers cut or otherwise obtained from the crimped tow are characterized by a pronounced crimp and desirably low residual shrinkage capacity. They exhibit improved textile processing characteristics and may be carded and/or combed and spun into a yarn Without further treatment. Because they are crimped and stabilized in the crimped condition by relaxation of the internal strains in the crimping chamber, the fibers can be spun into a yarn without difliculty.
  • the acrylonitrile polymer fibers may be formed from any fiber-forming acrylonitrile polymer containing, in the molecule, at least percent of acrylonitrile, including polyacrylonitrile, twocomponent copolymers, ternary polymers, and blends of an acrylonitrile polymer with other polymeric materials.
  • suitable copolymers and ternary polymers are those containing, in the molecule, from 75 to 99 percent by weight of acrylonitrile and from 1 to 25 percent by weight of one or more of the following: acids such as acrylic, haloacrylic, and methacrylic acids, esters such as methyl methacrylate, butyl, octyl, methoxymethyl, and chlorethyl methacrylate and the corresponding esters of acrylic and u-chloracrylic acids; methacrylonitrile, vinyl and vinylidene halides such as vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride, l-fiuoro-l-chlorethylene; vinyl carboxylates such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloracetate, vinyl propionate, and vinyl stearate; N-vinylimides such as N-
  • the continuous fibers or filaments may also be formed from a blend of a base acrylonitrile polymer with other polymeric materials which modify the base polymer in various respects, as by imparting dye-receptivity thereto, increasing the flame-resistance thereof, or increasingthe hydrophilic properties of the polymer, etc.
  • Suitable polymeric materials for blending with the base polymer which may be polyacrylonitrile or copolymer-s or ternary polymers of acrylonitrile with the copolymerizable substances mentioned above are those polymeric materials which are soluble in dimethylacetamide, and which, when mixed with the base polymer in an amount of from 2 to 50 percent on the weight of the blend, result in a blend which forms a solution of at least percent concentration in dimethylacetamide which solution can be formed into fibers by conventional procedures. Solvents other than dimethylacetamide may be used in forming fibers from these blends.
  • the blend may comprise a base polymer which is not normally receptive to an acid dye, such as a copolymer containing from 90 to 99 percent by weight of acrylonitrile and from 1 to percent by weight of vinyl acetate with from 2 to 50 percent by weight of a copolymer containing from 10 to 70 percent of acrylonitrile and from 30 to 90 percent of a vinylsubstituted heterocyclic tertiary amine, for example 2-vinylpyridine, or other polymeric material containing basic nitrogen, the blend being receptive to acid dyestuffs.
  • a base polymer which is not normally receptive to an acid dye
  • the acrylonitrile polymers and copolymers from which the fibers are formed may be produced by any suitable polymerization method, including bulk or mass polymerization, solution, emulsion, or suspension polymerization.
  • Blends may be obtained by mixing the acrylonitrile polymer with the modifying polymeric material in the dry state, without or with a plasticizer, or by dissolving the two materials in a solvent in which they are both soluble or which is a solvent for the blend.
  • the width of chamber l2 was substantially the same as the width of tow 2 as it was fed to the chamber, Dry steam was continuously introduced into the chamber under a pressure of 1 lb. per sq. inch, to heat the tow to a temperature of at least 100 C.
  • the speed of the rolls l3, N5, the dimensions of the chamber l2, and the pressure of air above piston rod 24 were such that each succeeding portion of the tow passing through the chamber was subjected to the steam for an average period of approximately 15 seconds, before it emerged from the chamber.
  • the fibers of the tow discharged from the chamber were crimped and substantially freefrom internal strains. These fibers had a residual shrinkage capacity of about 2 percent at 100 C.
  • Suitable conditioning agents for example, lubricating and anti-static agents may be applied 8. to the fibers at any stage between washing thereof or removal of spinning solvent by evaporation, and stufiing of the tow into the crimping chamber, and/or after the tow is discharged from the chamber.
  • the tow crimped and relaxed as described above was cut to highly crimped, internally relaxed and stabilized short fibers which were mixed with wool fibers and spun into a yarn using conventional spinning apparatus and methods.
  • a carded web consisting exclusively of acrylonitrile polymer fibers crimped and stabilized as described was a coherent structure which did not separate under the normal stress encountered in spinning a yarn.
  • a process for producing crimped, stabilized fibers comprising an acrylonitrile polymer containing, by weight in the polymer molecule, at least 75 percent of acrylonitrile, which comprises continuously passing continuous internally strained fibers comprising the polymer through a zone, heating the fibers in the zone and stretching the fibers in the zone at least percent while they are under the influence of the heat, continuously passing the stretched, oriented fibers from the zone into and through a crimping zone, continuously folding the bundle back and forth upon itself in a packed condition in the crimping zone to thereby crimp the fibers, continuously treating the packed bundle of fibers passing through the crimping zone with steam to thereby heat the fibers to at least 100 C. and relax the internal strains, reduce the residual shrinkage capacity of the fibers to not more than 3 percent at 100 C., and stabilize the relaxed fibers in the crimped condition, and continuously removing the stabilized, crimped fibers from the crimping zone.
  • a process for producing highly oriented, crimped, stabilized fibers comprising an acrylonitrile polymer containing, by weight in the molecule, at least 75 percent of acrylonitrile, and having a low residual shrinkage capacity from substantially straight continuous acrylonitrile polymer fibers having, at most, low orientation, which comprises continuously passing a bundle of substantially parallelized, continuous fibers comprising the polymer through a zone in which it is heated and stretching the bundle at least 100% while it is under the influence of the heat, continuously passing the bundle of stretched, oriented fibers from the stretching zone into and through a second zone, continuously folding the bundle back and forth upon itself in a packed condition in the second zone to thereby crimp the fibers, continuously heating the packed bundle of fibers to a temperature of at least 100 C. to internally relax the fibers, reduce the residual shrinkage capacity of the fibers to not more than 3 percent at 100 C., and stabilize the relaxed fibers in the crimped condition, and continuously removing the stabilized, crimped fibers from the second zone.
  • a process for producing crimped, stabilized fibers comprising an acrylonitrile polymer containing, by weight in the polymer molecule, at least 75 percent of acrylonitrile, which comprises continuously passing a bundle of continuous substantially parallelized fibers comprising the polymer and having, at most, low orientation, through a zone, heating the fibers in the zone and stretching the fibers in the zone at least 100 percent while they are under the influence of the heat, continuously passing the bundle of stretched, oriented fibers, which are internally strained, into and through a crimping chamber having a width at least equal to the width of the bundle as it is fed to the chamber, continuously folding the bundle back and forth upon itself in a packed condition in the crimping chamber to thereby crimp the fibers, continuously heating the packed fibers passing through the chamber to a temperature of at least 100 C., to thereby internally relax the fibers and stabilize them in the crimped condition, and continuously removing the bundle of stabilized, crimped fibers from the crimping chamber.
  • a process for producing crimped stabilized fibers comprising an acrylonitrile polymer containing, by weight in the polymer molecule, at least of acrylonitrile, which comprises continuously passing continuous internally strained fibers comprising the polymer through a zone, heating the fibers in the zone and stretching the fibers in the zone at least 100% while they are under the influence of the heat, continuousiy passing the stretched, oriented fibers from the zone into and through a crimping zone in a packed condition to thereby crimp the fibers, continuously heating the packed fibers passing through the crimping zone to a temperature below the melting point of the acrylonitrile polymer and above the temperature at which the fibers tend to shrink immediately prior to their introduction into the crimping zone, to thereby internally relax the fibers and stabilize them in the crimped condition, and continuously removing the stabilized, crimped fibers from the crimping zone.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US188306A 1950-10-04 1950-10-04 Treatiment of acrylonitrile polymer fibers Expired - Lifetime US2686339A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE505748D BE505748A (fi) 1950-10-04
NL79301D NL79301C (fi) 1950-10-04
DENDAT1069325D DE1069325B (de) 1950-10-04 Verfahren zur Herstellung beständig gekräuselter Fäden aus Acrylnitrilpolymerasaten
US188306A US2686339A (en) 1950-10-04 1950-10-04 Treatiment of acrylonitrile polymer fibers
GB18708/51A GB714167A (en) 1950-10-04 1951-08-08 Improvements in or relating to crimping acrylonitrile polymer filaments
FR1048108D FR1048108A (fr) 1950-10-04 1951-09-11 Procédé de fabrication de fibres crêpées en polymère d'acrylonitrile
CH296981D CH296981A (fr) 1950-10-04 1951-09-24 Appareil pour la fabrication de fibres crêpées en polymère d'acrylonitrile.

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US188306A US2686339A (en) 1950-10-04 1950-10-04 Treatiment of acrylonitrile polymer fibers

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US2686339A true US2686339A (en) 1954-08-17

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US188306A Expired - Lifetime US2686339A (en) 1950-10-04 1950-10-04 Treatiment of acrylonitrile polymer fibers

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US (1) US2686339A (fi)
BE (1) BE505748A (fi)
CH (1) CH296981A (fi)
DE (1) DE1069325B (fi)
FR (1) FR1048108A (fi)
GB (1) GB714167A (fi)
NL (1) NL79301C (fi)

Cited By (42)

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US2789340A (en) * 1955-11-14 1957-04-23 American Cyanamid Co Bulky fabrics
US2810281A (en) * 1954-11-01 1957-10-22 Delaware Mills Inc Textile articles and processes for making same
US2862279A (en) * 1956-04-10 1958-12-02 Allied Chem Tow crimping apparatus
US2874446A (en) * 1955-11-04 1959-02-24 American Cyanamid Co Method of producing a tow of filamentary material
US2913802A (en) * 1953-07-16 1959-11-24 Johns Manville Thermal modification of acrylonitrile yarns
US2917784A (en) * 1957-06-05 1959-12-22 Dow Chemical Co Crimping fibers
US2917806A (en) * 1957-06-05 1959-12-22 Dow Chemical Co Method for crimping acrylonitrile polymer fibers
US2943377A (en) * 1959-06-29 1960-07-05 Elwood Res Company Method and apparatus for crimping filaments
US2960752A (en) * 1955-11-04 1960-11-22 American Cyanamid Co Method for producing a crimped tow
US2985940A (en) * 1955-11-30 1961-05-30 Du Pont Production of high bulk fabrics from staple fiber mixtures
US3041705A (en) * 1955-11-04 1962-07-03 American Cyanamid Co Apparatus for producing a crimped tow
US3081516A (en) * 1958-12-05 1963-03-19 Du Pont Acrylonitrile polymer fabrics
US3140265A (en) * 1959-09-01 1964-07-07 Rohm & Haas Fibrous textile and industrial fabrics
US3145947A (en) * 1962-08-13 1964-08-25 Techniservice Corp Unwinding strand from a traversewound package or the like
US3164882A (en) * 1950-05-31 1965-01-12 Spunize Company Of America Inc Apparatus and method for crimping of natural and synthetic textile material
US3166821A (en) * 1962-11-26 1965-01-26 Monsanto Co Crimping apparatus
US3212157A (en) * 1961-11-29 1965-10-19 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Yarn crimping apparatus
US3255580A (en) * 1959-05-22 1966-06-14 Spunize Co Of America Inc Method of blending or combining fibers and product
US3258825A (en) * 1962-03-26 1966-07-05 Eastman Kodak Co Methods for the production of highshrink modacrylic yarn
US3298079A (en) * 1965-05-24 1967-01-17 Eastman Kodak Co Method for producing a novel crimped yarn and fabric
US3300831A (en) * 1963-06-14 1967-01-31 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Crimping of textile fibres
US3302264A (en) * 1962-11-28 1967-02-07 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Method of crimping yarn
US3332832A (en) * 1964-08-04 1967-07-25 Du Pont Textile product and process
US3337930A (en) * 1966-01-21 1967-08-29 Foster Grant Co Inc Method and apparatus for processing yarn
US3341913A (en) * 1963-11-19 1967-09-19 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Drawing and bulking of synthetic polymer yarns
US3376622A (en) * 1962-08-13 1968-04-09 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment
US3425106A (en) * 1965-02-10 1969-02-04 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Method and apparatus for crimping yarn
US3431609A (en) * 1966-10-19 1969-03-11 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Apparatus for processing yarn
US3454998A (en) * 1966-03-08 1969-07-15 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Yarn treating apparatus and method
US3462815A (en) * 1967-11-20 1969-08-26 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment
US3462814A (en) * 1967-10-26 1969-08-26 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment
US3724037A (en) * 1971-05-10 1973-04-03 Tmm Research Ltd Processes and apparatus for crimping synthetic filamentary materials
US3753275A (en) * 1964-03-04 1973-08-21 R Stanley Draw-crimping textile film strands
US3808654A (en) * 1969-07-31 1974-05-07 R Stanley Textile treatment method
US3911539A (en) * 1972-12-29 1975-10-14 Phillips Petroleum Co Method for crimping synthetic thermoplastic fibers
US3924311A (en) * 1969-04-11 1975-12-09 Robert K Stanley Strand drawing and crimping treatment
US3978559A (en) * 1974-03-29 1976-09-07 Techniservice Corporation Yarn treating apparatus
US4040155A (en) * 1972-12-29 1977-08-09 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus for crimping synthetic thermoplastic fibers
US4157604A (en) * 1977-11-18 1979-06-12 Allied Chemical Corporation Method of high speed yarn texturing
US4258457A (en) * 1972-12-29 1981-03-31 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for coating and crimping synthetic thermoplastic
US20070148455A1 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-06-28 Ladama, Llc Fire retardant compositions and methods and apparatuses for making the same
US20080113175A1 (en) * 2005-11-16 2008-05-15 Ladama, Llc Fire retardant compositions and methods and apparatuses for making the same

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US3164882A (en) * 1950-05-31 1965-01-12 Spunize Company Of America Inc Apparatus and method for crimping of natural and synthetic textile material
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US2810281A (en) * 1954-11-01 1957-10-22 Delaware Mills Inc Textile articles and processes for making same
US2960752A (en) * 1955-11-04 1960-11-22 American Cyanamid Co Method for producing a crimped tow
US2874446A (en) * 1955-11-04 1959-02-24 American Cyanamid Co Method of producing a tow of filamentary material
US3041705A (en) * 1955-11-04 1962-07-03 American Cyanamid Co Apparatus for producing a crimped tow
US2789340A (en) * 1955-11-14 1957-04-23 American Cyanamid Co Bulky fabrics
US2985940A (en) * 1955-11-30 1961-05-30 Du Pont Production of high bulk fabrics from staple fiber mixtures
US2862279A (en) * 1956-04-10 1958-12-02 Allied Chem Tow crimping apparatus
US2917806A (en) * 1957-06-05 1959-12-22 Dow Chemical Co Method for crimping acrylonitrile polymer fibers
US2917784A (en) * 1957-06-05 1959-12-22 Dow Chemical Co Crimping fibers
US3081516A (en) * 1958-12-05 1963-03-19 Du Pont Acrylonitrile polymer fabrics
US3255580A (en) * 1959-05-22 1966-06-14 Spunize Co Of America Inc Method of blending or combining fibers and product
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US3300831A (en) * 1963-06-14 1967-01-31 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Crimping of textile fibres
US3341913A (en) * 1963-11-19 1967-09-19 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Drawing and bulking of synthetic polymer yarns
US3753275A (en) * 1964-03-04 1973-08-21 R Stanley Draw-crimping textile film strands
US3332832A (en) * 1964-08-04 1967-07-25 Du Pont Textile product and process
US3425106A (en) * 1965-02-10 1969-02-04 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Method and apparatus for crimping yarn
US3298079A (en) * 1965-05-24 1967-01-17 Eastman Kodak Co Method for producing a novel crimped yarn and fabric
US3337930A (en) * 1966-01-21 1967-08-29 Foster Grant Co Inc Method and apparatus for processing yarn
US3454998A (en) * 1966-03-08 1969-07-15 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Yarn treating apparatus and method
US3431609A (en) * 1966-10-19 1969-03-11 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Apparatus for processing yarn
US3462814A (en) * 1967-10-26 1969-08-26 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment
US3462815A (en) * 1967-11-20 1969-08-26 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment
US3924311A (en) * 1969-04-11 1975-12-09 Robert K Stanley Strand drawing and crimping treatment
US3808654A (en) * 1969-07-31 1974-05-07 R Stanley Textile treatment method
US3724037A (en) * 1971-05-10 1973-04-03 Tmm Research Ltd Processes and apparatus for crimping synthetic filamentary materials
US3911539A (en) * 1972-12-29 1975-10-14 Phillips Petroleum Co Method for crimping synthetic thermoplastic fibers
US4040155A (en) * 1972-12-29 1977-08-09 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus for crimping synthetic thermoplastic fibers
US4258457A (en) * 1972-12-29 1981-03-31 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for coating and crimping synthetic thermoplastic
US3978559A (en) * 1974-03-29 1976-09-07 Techniservice Corporation Yarn treating apparatus
US4157604A (en) * 1977-11-18 1979-06-12 Allied Chemical Corporation Method of high speed yarn texturing
US20070148455A1 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-06-28 Ladama, Llc Fire retardant compositions and methods and apparatuses for making the same
US20080113175A1 (en) * 2005-11-16 2008-05-15 Ladama, Llc Fire retardant compositions and methods and apparatuses for making the same
US7937924B2 (en) 2005-11-16 2011-05-10 Lorica International, Inc. Fire retardant compositions and methods and apparatuses for making the same
US8117815B2 (en) 2005-11-16 2012-02-21 Ladama, Llc Fire retardant compositions and methods and apparatuses for making the same
WO2008060691A1 (en) * 2006-11-15 2008-05-22 Ladama, Llc Fire retardant compositions and methods and apparatuses for making the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB714167A (en) 1954-08-25
FR1048108A (fr) 1953-12-21
CH296981A (fr) 1954-03-15
NL79301C (fi)
BE505748A (fi)
DE1069325B (de) 1959-11-19

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