US2495808A - Process of impregnating thick textile fabrics with gum - Google Patents

Process of impregnating thick textile fabrics with gum Download PDF

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Publication number
US2495808A
US2495808A US762085A US76208547A US2495808A US 2495808 A US2495808 A US 2495808A US 762085 A US762085 A US 762085A US 76208547 A US76208547 A US 76208547A US 2495808 A US2495808 A US 2495808A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
threads
gum
textile fabrics
cores
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US762085A
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English (en)
Inventor
Colmant Jean
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Colmant and Cuvelier Ets SA
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Colmant and Cuvelier Ets SA
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Publication of US2495808A publication Critical patent/US2495808A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
    • B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
    • B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
    • B29C70/202—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres arranged in parallel planes or structures of fibres crossing at substantial angles, e.g. cross-moulding compound [XMC]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/07—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D04H3/115—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
    • D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
    • D06Q1/02—Producing patterns by locally destroying or modifying the fibres of a web by chemical actions, e.g. making translucent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the impregnation of thick textile fabrics, especially of multiple-ply fabrics, with gum. -Generally it is difficult to obtain a complete and homogeneous impregnation of these fabrics, even if acting under pressure, because the gum in a fluid state, for instance such as latex, cannot penetrate abundantly, in a homogeneous manner, with the charges which have been incorporated therein, into all interstices of the inner plies if the latter. are of tight fabric. Now, it is necessary to use tight cloths in all cases where the fabrics must have a great resistance against mechanical stresses as well as against wear. This is especially the case for rubberised belts.
  • the present invention has for its object to n realise a thorough and homogeneously distributed penetration of the gum into the plies of the fabric, under such conditions as to cause the gum to contribute to uniting the plies to vthe fabric removable and uniformly distributed cores which penetrate deeply into the fabric, preferably from side to side of the same, whereafter these cores are removed and the impregnation with gum is performed.
  • the gum has an immediate and direct access to all the plies and assures an abundant impregnation and an intimate coating of all the fibres.
  • the introduction of the cores may be performed in any suitable way, either during or after the weaving.
  • the cores are introduced, during the weaving, in the form of binding threads, which are woven in such a manner as to permit their easy removal from the fabric.
  • the process according to the present invention offers the possibility of using, in conveying and in driving belts, plies of rectilinear threads, such as those known under the name of cord fabric.
  • plies of rectilinear threads such as those known under the name of cord fabric.
  • the warp threads are not interwoven with other threads, but are united with each other by simple gumming. They are not subjected, as in other fabrics, to the fatigue which is due to the friction of the weft threads Yunder the actionof repeated stress applied to the fabric, and due to this fact they work under the most favorable conditions with respect to their resistance.
  • Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic section, on a somewhat enlarged scale, through a four-ply fabric with binding threads woven so as to form cores.
  • Figure 2 shows a section through the same fabric after removal of the cores and impregnation with gum.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale, the superposed plies of rectilinear threads.
  • Figure 4 shows the position of a binding thread.
  • Figure 5 shows a section. in two different planes through the fabric after impregnation.
  • FIGS 6, 7 and 8 show other arrangements of the plies of superposed threads'.
  • the fabric shown in the drawing comprises four plies the warp threads of which are designated by a, the weft threads by b and the binding threads by c. If the binding threads are woven, as shown, in such a manner that, as they extend across the fabric, they form loops which leave all the weft threads on the same side. it will be possible to withdraw all the binding threads from the fabric without affecting its constitution.
  • the fabric is treated with a very diluted latex acting as a size or dressing. By virtue of its dilution this latex penetrates easily the fabric and fixes the fibres of the same without obstructing the interstices which will serve as ducts for the subsequent nal impregnation.
  • the threads c which with their loops formed cores in the fabric are with- ⁇ rawn, the latter has the aspect of a thick screen the holes of which are widely open through and through.
  • nal impregnation is performed by way of immersion into one or several latex baths of higher concentration. 'I'he gum penetrates abundantly and thoroughly into all the hollows and enters therethrough into the intimate texture of the fabric around every fibrev which is thereby impregnated and coated. At this state the fabric is traversed through and through by a multitude of small rubber pillars d.
  • the fabric After complete drying the fabric is vulcanised, with or without an outer coating of rubber. If there is provided agum coating, this unites with the gum pillars which fill the hollow of the fabric, the coating being thus positively riveted to the fabric.
  • the space occupied in the fabric by the gum pillars d is not established at the expense of the closeness of the warp threads and that consequently no reduction of the tensile strength will result therefrom. In fact. in the absence of these pillars said space would be occupied by the binding threads which are always used in fabrics of this kind, to assure the cohesion of the same.
  • the binding by threads is substituted, in the process according to the present invention, by binding by means of small pillars or rivets of gum, such binding not only being more eilicient but imparting to the fabric greater flexibility and elasticity.
  • the binding threads may be made of a soluble material, for instance of cellulose acetate, and they may be woven in any way whatever. In this case the binding threads are removed by dissolution in a suitable solvent and, after drying, the impregnation with gum is performed. whereby the spaces left by the dissolved threads are filled up.
  • Figures 3 to 8 show the application of the invention to a fabric produced by the simple superposition of plies composed of parallel threads.
  • a designate the warp threads and b, b, the weft threads, the threads preferably running at right angles to each other.
  • the binding threads c are woven between thev warp and the weft threads in such a manner as to ll up the spaces which separate these threads and to form loops adapted to be'easily withdrawn when a traction is imparted to the ends of the threads c for removing the same.
  • the threads c are withdrawn and the fabric is immersed into a gum bath for obtaining the structure shown in Figure 5, wherein the holes between the threads a and b are lled by small gum pillars d from which start in all directions ramifications which fill up all the spaces and envelop the threads a and b.
  • the impregnated fabric obtained in this manner is particularly suitable for the manufacture of driving belts and of carrying belts which are subjected to great stresses, because the rectilinear warp threads work under the most favorable 4 conditions, without being subjected to wear by the friction of weft threads.
  • the invention also gives the possibility of using wire, either bare or covered, instead of some of the warp threads, at intervals, or of all the warp threads, or again of the weft threads, the execution of the impregnation process not being modilied in any respect.
  • a few line warp threads a may be woven in the upper and lower plies of the weft, but without these supplemental threads intervening in the actual constitution of the fabric or contributing to its resistance.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show other arrangements in the structure of the threads, that according to Figure 'l adding a ply of warp threads to the upper face for increasing the strength of the warp with respect to the weft, while in that according to Figure 8 the relative strength of the weft is reduced by the wider spacing of the weft threads and by' their alternation from one ply to the other, for the purpose of giving to the whole structure a greater flexibility in the longitudinal direction, the lower ply being tighter. to permit the hooking in of the fastening threads.
  • the invention covers not only the process of impregnation described above but also the products and articles impregnated according to this process, irrespective of the method of introduction and of removal of the cores, before impregnation, as well as the arrangement and the distribution of the cores.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US762085A 1941-03-29 1947-07-19 Process of impregnating thick textile fabrics with gum Expired - Lifetime US2495808A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE606513X 1941-03-29

Publications (1)

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US2495808A true US2495808A (en) 1950-01-31

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US (1) US2495808A (el)
BE (1) BE441030A (el)
FR (1) FR871695A (el)
GB (1) GB606513A (el)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2675906A (en) * 1951-11-21 1954-04-20 Globe Woven Belting Company In Conveyer belt of textile fabric having a conveyer surface of cured latex
US2700998A (en) * 1951-06-14 1955-02-01 Us Rubber Co Pneumatic tire and method of making same
US2789076A (en) * 1953-09-21 1957-04-16 Frieder Laminated ballistic fabric
US2858988A (en) * 1955-04-13 1958-11-04 Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Comp Pad
DE1094781B (de) * 1958-07-26 1960-12-15 Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Comp Elastische Unterlegplatte fuer den Eisenbahnoberbau
US3048198A (en) * 1959-09-16 1962-08-07 3 D Weaving Company Methods of making structural panels having diagonal reinforcing ribs and products thereof
US3205119A (en) * 1961-02-16 1965-09-07 Kleber Colombes Reinforcements for objects made from rubber or plastic material
US3322868A (en) * 1963-07-02 1967-05-30 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Three dimensional reinforced structure
US3881972A (en) * 1973-10-02 1975-05-06 Mc Donnell Douglas Corp Continuous process and machine
US3904464A (en) * 1967-10-16 1975-09-09 Avco Corp Process for making three-dimensional fabric material

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3042473A1 (de) * 1980-11-11 1982-06-16 Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover Foerdergut
GB9212697D0 (en) * 1992-06-15 1992-07-29 Short Brothers Plc Composite structure manufacture

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US963013A (en) * 1904-05-11 1910-06-28 Philip S Dyer Asbestos-faced woven fabric.
US1012030A (en) * 1908-11-12 1911-12-19 Walter Hunnewell Underwood Compound plastic material.
US1936974A (en) * 1930-04-28 1933-11-28 Cajs Marie Wallin Process in the manufacture of woven fabrics
US1978620A (en) * 1931-04-30 1934-10-30 Naugatuck Chem Co Sheet material and method of making the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US963013A (en) * 1904-05-11 1910-06-28 Philip S Dyer Asbestos-faced woven fabric.
US1012030A (en) * 1908-11-12 1911-12-19 Walter Hunnewell Underwood Compound plastic material.
US1936974A (en) * 1930-04-28 1933-11-28 Cajs Marie Wallin Process in the manufacture of woven fabrics
US1978620A (en) * 1931-04-30 1934-10-30 Naugatuck Chem Co Sheet material and method of making the same

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2700998A (en) * 1951-06-14 1955-02-01 Us Rubber Co Pneumatic tire and method of making same
US2675906A (en) * 1951-11-21 1954-04-20 Globe Woven Belting Company In Conveyer belt of textile fabric having a conveyer surface of cured latex
US2789076A (en) * 1953-09-21 1957-04-16 Frieder Laminated ballistic fabric
US2858988A (en) * 1955-04-13 1958-11-04 Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Comp Pad
DE1094781B (de) * 1958-07-26 1960-12-15 Midwest Rubber Reclaiming Comp Elastische Unterlegplatte fuer den Eisenbahnoberbau
US3048198A (en) * 1959-09-16 1962-08-07 3 D Weaving Company Methods of making structural panels having diagonal reinforcing ribs and products thereof
US3205119A (en) * 1961-02-16 1965-09-07 Kleber Colombes Reinforcements for objects made from rubber or plastic material
US3322868A (en) * 1963-07-02 1967-05-30 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Three dimensional reinforced structure
US3904464A (en) * 1967-10-16 1975-09-09 Avco Corp Process for making three-dimensional fabric material
US3881972A (en) * 1973-10-02 1975-05-06 Mc Donnell Douglas Corp Continuous process and machine

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Publication number Publication date
BE441030A (el)
FR871695A (fr) 1942-05-05
GB606513A (en) 1948-08-16

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