US20240110734A1 - Compressor, in particular refrigerant compressor, refrigeration machine, and method for producing a compressor - Google Patents

Compressor, in particular refrigerant compressor, refrigeration machine, and method for producing a compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
US20240110734A1
US20240110734A1 US18/275,883 US202218275883A US2024110734A1 US 20240110734 A1 US20240110734 A1 US 20240110734A1 US 202218275883 A US202218275883 A US 202218275883A US 2024110734 A1 US2024110734 A1 US 2024110734A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lubricant
compressor
pressure region
fluid
low
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
US18/275,883
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English (en)
Inventor
Soeren GELKE
Sebastian Krause
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
Thyssenkrupp Dynamic Components GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
Thyssenkrupp Dynamic Components GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp AG, Thyssenkrupp Dynamic Components GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp AG
Publication of US20240110734A1 publication Critical patent/US20240110734A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/04—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0207—Lubrication with lubrication control systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/16—Filtration; Moisture separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F04B53/1077—Flow resistance valves, e.g. without moving parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compressor according to the preamble of claim 1 , a refrigeration machine according to the preamble of claim 10 , and a method for producing a compressor according to the preamble of claim 11 .
  • a compressor is a machine, in particular a fluid energy machine, which supplies mechanical work to an enclosed gas.
  • Compressors are generally used to compress gases. They preferably increase the pressure and the density of the gas.
  • the compressor or the moving components of the compressor are generally lubricated by means of a lubricant, such as, for example, oil.
  • a lubricant such as, for example, oil.
  • a mixing, in particular as an aerosol, of the fluid which is intended to be compressed and the lubricant is in most cases inevitable.
  • the atomization of the lubricant may, for example, be brought about by components moved by the lubricant (cam/connecting rod, etcetera).
  • the lubricant is distributed as a fluid lubricant aerosol in the fluid circuit, in particular in the high-pressure region HD and in the low-pressure region ND and is no longer available, for example, for lubricating compressor components.
  • the lubricant reservoir may, where applicable become exhausted.
  • DE102015224071 discloses a compressor which comprises a lubricant system for lubricating components of the compressor with a lubricant.
  • the compressor has a low-pressure region, in particular in the form of a machine room, and a high-pressure region having a compressor output.
  • the lubricant in the low-pressure region comes into contact with the fluid so that a fluid mixture of fluid and lubricant is formed.
  • the compressor comprises a compressor device for compressing the fluid mixture.
  • the compressor comprises a lubricant return which fluidically connects the HD to the ND region and which enables a lubricant return.
  • the lubricant return consequently represents a type of bypass of the compressor unit or the piston arrangement.
  • a first lubricant return is to this end arranged in the high-pressure region and the second lubricant return is arranged in the low-pressure region.
  • Both lubricant returns are fluidically connected to each other so as to be able to be controlled by means of a valve arrangement.
  • the valve arrangement consequently controls the separation/connection of the high-pressure region from/to the low-pressure region of the compressor.
  • the valve arrangement can adjust a throughflow cross section independently at least in accordance with a flow force. The flow force is produced by the fluid mixture flowing through the valve arrangement.
  • a compressor is intended to be proposed, wherein at least for the lubrication return from a small number of to no moving components at all are used, which requires a low or even no adjustment with regard to the lubricant return, and wherein a clogging of the lubricant return can be eliminated to the greatest possible extent.
  • the lubricant return channel comprises a fluid diode
  • the lubricant return channel comprises a fluid diode
  • no moving components are present, whereby a wear is in principle excluded.
  • the blocking behavior is determined structurally by means of the length and/or the geometry of the throttle location, that is to say, of the fluid diode.
  • the flow resistance in one flow direction is less than in the opposite direction. This is intended to result in the flow receiving a preferred direction or the fluid flowing only in one direction. This is intended to be achieved by means of structures which in one direction enable a rather laminar flow, but in the opposite direction cause turbulence as a result of swirls and consequently increase the flow resistance.
  • the flow resistance is very low in the direction of the output and very high in the direction of the input.
  • This device is therefore also referred to as a “fluid diode”.
  • Such a fluid diode is according to the invention operated as a connection or in the connection (lubricant return channel) of the high-pressure and low-pressure region of the refrigerant compressor in the blocking direction.
  • the fluid flowing from the high-pressure region into the low-pressure region is counteracted by a resistance which is dependent on the respective fluid and consequently on the respective material properties/physical properties. Consequently the lubricant is counteracted by a lower resistance than the refrigerant.
  • the lubricant return channel may have a heart-shaped or offset-heart-shaped inner wall in order to form a fluid diode.
  • Such a structure is advantageously suitable for configuring a fluid diode, in particular with the properties set out above.
  • the lubricant return channel may be introduced into a metal sheet.
  • the metal sheet may, for example, be integrated in a simple manner in the compressor, for example, as an intermediate sheet in the housing of the compressor.
  • the lubricant return channel may be configured in a semi-circular manner.
  • an integration in a circular-cylindrical housing can be carried out in a simple manner, wherein the input and output of the lubricant return channel can be arranged, for example, to be offset at 180° in the circumferential direction.
  • the lubricant return channel may be formed in a planar partition face in a housing, a sealing face and/or in a seal of the compressor. In this manner, the lubricant return channel can advantageously be integrated in the compressor housing.
  • the fluid may be a refrigerant, in particular supercritical CO2.
  • the lubricant oil may be oil.
  • the above-mentioned measures are advantageous production methods for the configuration of the lubricant return channel.
  • the lubricant return channel may have a fluid diode as a separate component and/or for the lubricant return channel to be at least partially in the form of a fluid diode.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved refrigeration machine.
  • this object is achieved with a refrigeration machine having the characterizing features of claim 10 .
  • Use can thereby be made of the advantages of the compressor according to the invention for a refrigeration machine, for example, an air-conditioning system in a motor vehicle.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an advantageous method for producing a compressor according to the invention.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention with a method for producing a compressor with the characterizing features of claim 11 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a refrigeration machine having a compressor according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a fluid diode as a sectioned view
  • FIG. 3 a shows an exemplary surface structure of a fluid diode of a compressor according to the invention with an indicated movement profile of the fluid;
  • FIG. 3 b shows an exemplary surface structure of a fluid diode of a compressor according to the invention with an indicated movement profile of the lubricant
  • FIG. 4 shows a housing component of a compressor according to the invention with a milled fluid diode
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail “X” according to FIG. 4 ;
  • FIG. 6 shows a portion of a housing for a compressor according to the invention (partition faces in the housing);
  • FIG. 7 shows a compressor according to the invention as a sectioned schematic illustration.
  • FIG. 1 Reference will first be made to FIG. 1 .
  • a compressor V according to the invention is, for example, part of a refrigeration machine, such as, for example, an air-conditioning system.
  • a refrigeration machine generally comprises in addition to the compressor V a gas cooler G, an expansion valve E and an evaporator D.
  • the above-mentioned components are fluidically connected to each other, that is to say, a fluid F, such as preferably a cooling fluid, is compressed in the compressor V, reaches via the high-pressure output 22 of the compressor V the gas cooler G and travels from the gas cooler G to the expansion valve E and from there into the evaporator D. From the evaporator D, the fluid is again introduced via the low-pressure input 12 of the compressor V.
  • a refrigeration machine is sufficiently known to the person skilled in the art so that no additional explanation is required in this instance.
  • the compressor V may, for example, be a piston compressor, in particular an axial piston compressor, radial piston compressor or scroll compressor.
  • the compressor has a low-pressure region 1 and a high-pressure region 2 .
  • a lubricant S such as, for example, oil, is used to lubricate the movable components of the low-pressure region 1 .
  • the low-pressure region 1 of the compressor V comprises, for example, a low-pressure input 12 for the fluid or the refrigerant for supplying to the compressor.
  • the compressor V further comprises in particular a driving electric machine 5 or a shaft for connecting an external drive.
  • the compressor which is shown, for example, in FIG. 7 comprises two housing portions 41 , 42 .
  • a cylinder housing 16 forms a cylinder in which pistons 14 are movably arranged. These pistons 14 can be driven by an eccentric shaft.
  • the cylinders and consequently also the pistons 14 which can be moved therein extend radially or are arranged radially with respect to the eccentric shaft.
  • a cover with an inlet valve 13 , the pistons 14 and the cylinders form the working space 17 or the compression space.
  • the condensed or compressed fluid may contain lubricant S which can be separated, for example, at edges or when the flow direction of the fluid is changed. This generally also takes place in a lubricant separator 21 .
  • the lubricant separator 21 does not have to be a separate component. Instead, any geometry in which lubricant can be separated, for example, at edges or redirected portions, may in principle be considered as a lubricant separator 21 , in particular geometries for flow redirection or changing the flow speed, etcetera.
  • the separated lubricant S then accumulates in the channel 24 .
  • the compressed fluid can be guided via a high-pressure connection 22 from the compressor to the additional components of the refrigerant circuit.
  • a lubricant separator 21 is arranged upstream of the high-pressure connection 22 so that the fluid can be directed via the lubricant separator 21 and the high-pressure output from the compressor.
  • at least one lubricant return channel 3 is provided.
  • Such a lubricant return channel 3 may be in the form of a fluid diode 31 or have such a fluid diode 31 as a separate component, as indicated in FIG. 7 .
  • a plurality of fluid diodes 31 may also be arranged in the lubricant return channel 3 in order to achieve the desired properties.
  • a lubricant return channel 3 may also be formed between two housing portions of the compressor V, for example, also formed in a seal.
  • Such a seal 32 is, for example, arranged or formed between a portion of the compressor housing 42 and the cylinder housing 16 , as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 . In the seal 32 , for example, the geometry of the fluid diode is formed. In the installed state, the seal 32 forms with the adjacent components, such as, for example, the housing portion 42 and the cylinder housing 16 , the lubricant return channel 3 .
  • the low-pressure region 1 may be provided with a lubricant reservoir 11 .
  • a portion of the lubricant together with the fluid F reaches the high-pressure region 2 .
  • a lubricant separator 21 may be provided.
  • lubricant S in the compressor V may be separated at any redirection or cross sectional change of the fluid lubricant mixture.
  • a lubricant return channel 3 is provided between the high-pressure region 2 , in particular the lubricant separator 3 in the high-pressure region, and the low-pressure region 1 , in particular the lubricant reservoir 11 in the low-pressure region.
  • the compressor V may be provided with a compressor housing 4 for receiving or forming the above-mentioned components.
  • the lubricant return channel 3 to comprise a fluid diode 31 .
  • the fluid diode 31 comprises a geometry which provides counter to a flowing medium a resistance to throughflow which differs in accordance with the direction.
  • a fluid diode is also known under the name Tesla valve.
  • the lubricant return channel 3 is at least partially configured to be media-selective, or in the form of a media-selective throttle, that is to say, differences in the material properties are used, whereby the in particular gaseous fluid F, preferably refrigerant, and the in particular liquid lubricant S, are subjected to different flow resistances when passing through the lubricant return channel 3 from the high-pressure region 2 to the low-pressure region 1 .
  • the fluid F preferably refrigerant
  • the fluid F is preferably a refrigerant, such as, for example, supercritical CO2.
  • the lubricant S which in particular after the separator 3 is present in liquid form, is subjected to a lower flow resistance when passing through the fluid diode 31 .
  • FIGS. 2 , 3 a , and 3 b Examples of fluid diodes or flow paths are illustrated in FIGS. 2 , 3 a , and 3 b.
  • the fluid guide 31 or the portion of the lubricant return channel 3 which is in the form of a fluid diode may in particular be characterized by the following details.
  • a lubricant return channel 3 is, for example, introduced into a metal sheet.
  • the flow guide is carried out in particular with a non-constant cross section and preferably has a repetitive base contour along any development curve.
  • the fluid F, in particular the refrigerant, and the lubricant S are thus forced into a meandering main flow with circulating secondary flows.
  • the lubricant return channel 3 has a similar geometry to the “Tesla valve” or fluid diode and is operated in this instance so to speak in the “blocking direction”, whereby in particular a high resistance is produced in the flow direction from the high-pressure region 2 to the low-pressure region 1 .
  • differences in the material properties are used.
  • the material properties or the different physical properties may, for example, be density, viscosity or compressibility. These different physical properties require with a specific pressure drop a different configuration of flow properties such as flow speed and degree of turbulence for the respective medium.
  • the gaseous fluid F in particular the refrigerant, is significantly redirected in the fluid diode 31 , it passes in particular more powerfully into the “contour corners” of the portion of the lubricant return channel 3 in the form of a fluid diode 31 .
  • the kinetic energy of the fluid F, in particular the gaseous fluid is partially dissipated during the redirection. In particular, the degree of turbulence in the gas flow is greater, whereby a higher flow resistance results.
  • the gaseous fluid F has a high speed, which is in particular a result of the density. An expanding gas has significantly higher flow speeds.
  • the lubricant S which is present in a liquid state is not so significantly redirected as the gaseous fluid F present, in particular the gaseous refrigerant. It can pass the fluid diode 31 , in particular the contour of the fluid diode at a virtually constant speed and with a lower degree of turbulence. Consequently, the flow resistance acting here is smaller.
  • a heart-shaped, in a particularly preferred manner an offset-heart-shaped structure may be considered as embodiments of the fluid diode 31 or an embodiment of the inner wall of the lubricant return channels 3 .
  • the length of the lubricant return channel 3 is preferably a matter of individual configuration. In principle, any number of such units may be connected in series.
  • the lubricant return channel 3 per se may be constructed with different geometries, in particular as a semi-circle (cf., for example, FIGS. 4 and 5 ).
  • the lubricant return channel 3 in particular the portion which is in the form of a fluid diode 31 , may also be in the form of a fold or other arrangement, in particular as a result of the respective spatial relationships in the compressor.
  • the lubricant return channel 3 is constructed in planar partition faces in the housing, a sealing face and/or in a seal 32 of the compressor V.
  • Such a configuration can be integrated in the compressor in a structurally simple manner and requires little structural space. Such a configuration is illustrated in particular in FIG. 6 .
  • the channel geometry which is significant for the fluid diode, in particular the configuration of the inner wall, can be produced in planar partition faces by means of punching, etching or erosion.
  • the number of repetitions of the base contour of the inner wall of the lubricant return channel 3 , in particular the fluid diode 31 , and the height of the contour or the sheet thickness may be adapted to the requirements of the respective throttle function.
  • a refrigerant can be considered to be a fluid which is intended to be compressed.
  • the compressor may preferably be in the form of a refrigerant compressor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
US18/275,883 2021-02-05 2022-02-02 Compressor, in particular refrigerant compressor, refrigeration machine, and method for producing a compressor Pending US20240110734A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021201091.1A DE102021201091A1 (de) 2021-02-05 2021-02-05 Verdichter, insbesondere Kältemittelverdichter, Kältemaschine, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verdichters
DE102021201091.1 2021-02-05
PCT/EP2022/052513 WO2022167502A1 (de) 2021-02-05 2022-02-02 Verdichter, insbesondere kältemittelverdichter, kältemaschine, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines verdichters

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US20240110734A1 true US20240110734A1 (en) 2024-04-04

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US18/275,883 Pending US20240110734A1 (en) 2021-02-05 2022-02-02 Compressor, in particular refrigerant compressor, refrigeration machine, and method for producing a compressor

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20240110734A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4288665A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN117242262A (zh)
DE (1) DE102021201091A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2022167502A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1329559A (en) 1916-02-21 1920-02-03 Tesla Nikola Valvular conduit
JPH0122955Y2 (zh) * 1980-04-17 1989-07-12
JPH0735076A (ja) * 1993-07-22 1995-02-03 Toshiba Corp 横形ロータリ式圧縮機
JP2950809B1 (ja) 1998-05-07 1999-09-20 エルジー電子株式会社 リニア圧縮機のオイル供給装置
KR100390492B1 (ko) * 2000-07-13 2003-07-04 엘지전자 주식회사 압축기용 흡입소음기의 소음 저감장치
JP4013552B2 (ja) * 2002-01-07 2007-11-28 株式会社日立製作所 密閉形圧縮機
DE102015224071A1 (de) 2015-12-02 2017-06-08 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Fluidverdichter
EP3423721B1 (en) 2016-03-03 2020-12-23 Dayco IP Holdings, LLC Fluidic diode check valve
US11596885B2 (en) * 2019-05-07 2023-03-07 Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc Oil sequestering spin-on cartridge

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Publication number Publication date
WO2022167502A1 (de) 2022-08-11
EP4288665A1 (de) 2023-12-13
CN117242262A (zh) 2023-12-15
DE102021201091A1 (de) 2022-08-11

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