US20190216140A1 - Natural fiber molded garment - Google Patents

Natural fiber molded garment Download PDF

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Publication number
US20190216140A1
US20190216140A1 US16/308,392 US201716308392A US2019216140A1 US 20190216140 A1 US20190216140 A1 US 20190216140A1 US 201716308392 A US201716308392 A US 201716308392A US 2019216140 A1 US2019216140 A1 US 2019216140A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
garment
fabric
shape memory
layer
memory elastomer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US16/308,392
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English (en)
Inventor
Manon Turlan-Van Der Hoven
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DBI Operations Europe SAS
Original Assignee
Hanes Operations Europe SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hanes Operations Europe SAS filed Critical Hanes Operations Europe SAS
Publication of US20190216140A1 publication Critical patent/US20190216140A1/en
Assigned to HANES OPERATIONS EUROPE SAS, reassignment HANES OPERATIONS EUROPE SAS, ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Turlan-Van Der Hoven, Manon
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41C—CORSETS; BRASSIERES
    • A41C3/00—Brassieres
    • A41C3/0014—Brassieres made from one piece with one or several layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41C—CORSETS; BRASSIERES
    • A41C3/00—Brassieres
    • A41C3/12—Component parts
    • A41C3/14—Stiffening or bust-forming inserts
    • A41C3/144—Pads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41C—CORSETS; BRASSIERES
    • A41C5/00—Machines, appliances, or methods for manufacturing corsets or brassieres
    • A41C5/005—Machines, appliances, or methods for manufacturing corsets or brassieres by moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0292—Polyurethane fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00—Clothing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a garment including a molded fabric laminate, the molded fabric laminate having a cured shape memory elastomer that adheres textile layers together, each textile layer including at least 80% natural fiber.
  • garments made of natural fibers are more comfortable than garments made of synthetic fibers.
  • garments with fewer seams and elastic bands are typically preferred.
  • Synthetic fabrics such as nylon and polyester have been molded to yield garments. The process typically requires molding at a temperature around 200° C. for 25-35 seconds or longer. Forming molded garments out of natural fibers, however, presents challenges related to binding of the natural fibers with adhesives, yellowing during molding, shrinkage during molding and washing, low resistance to nitrogen oxides, and the like.
  • Garments including molded fabric laminates and methods of making the molded fabric laminates are described.
  • the garments advantageously have a high percentage of natural fibers, low shrinkage after molding and washing, high resistance to nitrogen oxides, low yellowing during the molding process.
  • the garments also advantageously have clean cut edges that resist fraying after multiple washings.
  • a garment in a first general aspect, includes a molded fabric laminate.
  • the molded fabric laminate includes a first fabric layer including at least 80% natural fibers, a second fabric layer including at least 80% natural fibers, and a patterned layer of cured shape memory elastomer molded between the first and second fabric layers.
  • the patterned layer of the cured shape memory elastomer is a continuous layer of the cured shape memory elastomer defining a multiplicity of openings per square centimeter of the patterned layer, where the openings are free of the cured shape memory elastomer.
  • making a molded fabric laminate includes disposing a patterned layer of an uncured shape memory elastomer on a first fabric layer and contacting the patterned layer of the uncured shape memory elastomer with a second fabric layer to yield a fabric sub-assembly.
  • the first and second fabric layers include at least 80% natural fibers.
  • the patterned layer of the uncured shape memory elastomer is a continuous layer of the uncured shape memory elastomer defining a multiplicity of openings per square centimeter of the patterned layer, where the openings are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • the fabric sub-assembly is contacted with a surface of a heated mold.
  • the fabric sub-assembly is molded to conform to the shape of the mold, thereby curing the uncured shape memory elastomer to yield a molded fabric laminate including a patterned layer of cured shape memory elastomer between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer and adhering the first fabric layer to the second fabric layer.
  • Implementations of the first and second general aspects may include one or more of the following features.
  • each square centimeter of the patterned layer defines at least 24 or at least 48 openings.
  • a majority of the openings define geometric shapes, such as circles, rectangles, arcs, and the like. When the openings are circles, a diameter of the majority of the openings may be less than 1.5 mm, less than 1 mm, at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.4 mm, at least 0.6 mm, or a combination thereof.
  • the multiplicity of the openings may define less than 50% of the surface area of the patterned layer.
  • the cured shape memory elastomer covers at least 50% of the surface area of the patterned layer.
  • the cured shape memory elastomer may include a cured silicone rubber (e.g., a cured liquid silicone rubber), such as a bicomponent liquid silicone rubber.
  • At least one of the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer may be a knit fabric.
  • the first fabric layer, the second fabric layer, or both may include at least 80% cotton, up to 20% spandex, or a combination thereof.
  • the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer may be white, such as optical white.
  • the garment may shrink less than 5%, less than 4%, or less than 3% from before molding to after 5 washings.
  • the garment is a one-piece garment or a seamless garment.
  • the garment is a bra (e.g., a one-piece bra).
  • Edges of the garment may be clean cut. In certain cases, the clean cut edges are scalloped.
  • the edges of the garment typically resist fraying, such that the edges of the garment are not frayed after a number of wash cycles (e.g., 20 wash cycles).
  • the nitrogen oxide resistance of the garment after 3 cycles of exposure to nitrogen oxides is typically at least 1 (e.g., at least 3/4) on a scale of 1 to 5.
  • Implementations of the second general aspect may include one or more of the following features.
  • the mold may be heated to a temperature between 160° C. and 220° C. (e.g., up to 185° C.).
  • the color difference ⁇ E between the first fabric layer before molding and the first fabric layer after molding may be less than 4, less than 3, less than 2, or less than 1.
  • the molded fabric laminate is trimmed to yield a garment or a portion of a garment.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing exemplary operations for forming a molded garment or a portion of a molded garment.
  • FIG. 2 depicts an example of screen printing an uncured shape memory elastomer on a first fabric layer.
  • FIGS. 3A-3F depict exemplary patterns of shape memory elastomer on a first fabric layer.
  • FIG. 4 depicts an exemplary uncured shape memory elastomer screen printed on a first fabric layer.
  • FIG. 5 depicts an exploded view of an exemplary fabric sub-assembly, with uncured shape memory elastomer printed on a first fabric layer.
  • FIG. 6 depicts an exemplary mold assembly for forming a molded fabric laminate.
  • FIG. 7 depicts an exemplary mold for forming a molded garment.
  • FIG. 8 depicts an exemplary molded garment.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing operations in an exemplary process 100 for forming a molded garment or a portion of a molded garment.
  • the garment may be an undergarment (e.g., bra, underwear) or other garment, such as socks.
  • a garment formed in process 100 may be a seamless garment, a one-piece garment, or a seamless, one-piece garment.
  • a seamless, one-piece bra may be formed by process 100 .
  • a portion of a molded garment formed in process 100 may be attached to one or more other pieces of fabric or fabric laminate to yield a complete garment.
  • cups for a bra may be formed via process 100 and then attached to other portions (e.g., side panels and straps) formed in a separate process.
  • straps are attached to a one-piece bra body formed via process 100 .
  • a patterned layer of an uncured shape memory elastomer is disposed on a first fabric layer.
  • the first fabric layer includes at least 80% natural fibers (e.g., cotton, flax, jute, and the like) and up to 20% other fibers (e.g., elastic materials such as spandex or elastane and the like).
  • the first fabric is typically a knit fabric.
  • the first fabric layer may have an interlock construction (e.g., 40-50 gauge interlock) with ultra-thin long yarns to allow clean cut edges.
  • the first fabric layer is an extensible knitted fabric formed by alternating sets of needles on a circular knitting machine.
  • the first fabric layer may be a double face knitted fabric (e.g., jersey, or part jersey, such as a jersey in the front, a rib 1/1 on the other face, thicker and heavier than the jersey, with an elongation in the width). Thickness of the yarn used to form the first fabric layer may be in a range of 4 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m (e.g., about 6 ⁇ m). The weight per square meter of the first fabric layer may be in a range between 160 g/m 2 and 300 g/m 2 . In one example, the first fabric layer includes 80% cotton and 20% spandex and has a weight per square meter of 180 g/m 2 , 200 g/m 2 , or 260 g/m 2 . The first fabric layer may be any color, including white (e.g., optical white).
  • the uncured shape memory elastomer is typically an uncured liquid silicone rubber (e.g., paste-like and easily pigmentable, with a short curing time).
  • the uncured liquid silicone rubber may be a bicomponent liquid silicone rubber, such as ELASTOSIL LR 3003/30 A/B (available from Wacker Chemie AG, Germany).
  • FIG. 2 depicts a screen printing process in which uncured shape memory elastomer 200 is applied to screen 202 with blade 204 .
  • Screen 202 includes a canvas and an emulsion.
  • screen 202 is formed of a canvas of 21-160 (21 yarns/cm in poly(ether sulfone)) of 160 ⁇ m (330 ⁇ m between fibers), tight at 20 N.
  • Emulsion is applied to the canvas by methods generally known in the art to prevent the uncured shape memory elastomer from reaching portions of first fabric layer 206 .
  • a thickness of the emulsion and canvas is in a range between 400 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m (e.g., between 420 ⁇ m and 480 ⁇ m, between 440 ⁇ m and 460 ⁇ m, or about 450 ⁇ m).
  • a thicker layer of emulsion results in a thicker layer of uncured shape memory material disposed on the first fabric layer. If the layer of emulsion is too thick (e.g., 575 ⁇ m for emulsion and canvas), the resulting fabric laminate will have a plastic feel. If the layer of emulsion is too thin, it may be absorbed by the first fabric layer, particularly if the textile layer comprises a hydrophilic component such as cotton, resulting in poor adhesion of the fabric layers.
  • blade 204 moves uncured shape memory elastomer 200 along screen 202 to fill open mesh apertures in the screen with uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • the screen contacts first fabric layer 206 momentarily, allowing the uncured shape memory elastomer to wet the first fabric layer and be pulled out of the mesh apertures as the screen springs back after the blade has passed.
  • the uncured shape memory elastomer forms a patterned layer of the uncured shape memory elastomer on first fabric layer 206 .
  • the patterned layer of the uncured shape memory elastomer is a continuous layer of the uncured shape memory elastomer defining a multiplicity of openings per square centimeter of the patterned layer, where the openings are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • a “continuous layer” of the uncured shape memory elastomer generally refers to a layer in which all of the uncured shape memory elastomer is connected (e.g., in a web) such that there are no isolated portions (e.g., no “islands”) of the uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • the patterned layer may be referred to as having an “airy” pattern, in which areas of first fabric layer 206 are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer, and the uncured shape memory elastomer forms a closed mesh.
  • the multiplicity of openings define 50% or less of the surface area of the patterned layer (i.e., the uncured shape memory elastomer covers at least 50% of the surface area of the portion of the first fabric layer on which it is printed).
  • a dense pattern of uncured shape memory elastomer yields a clean, even look after molding.
  • Each square centimeter of the patterned layer may define at least 24 openings or at least 48 openings.
  • Patterns with large openings typically result in a “waffle” effect on the exterior of the molded portion of the garment, especially after washing, caused by shrinkage of portions of the fabric layers not in contact with the shape memory elastomer.
  • Openings in the uncured shape memory elastomer may define geometric shapes (e.g., circles, rectangles, triangles, arcs, and the like). In one example, the openings define circles. The circles may have a diameter of less than 1.5 mm (e.g., less than 1 mm). In some cases, the circles have a diameter of at least 0.2 mm, at least 0.4 mm, or at least 0.6 mm.
  • FIGS. 3A-3F depict examples of patterned layers of the uncured shape memory elastomer. Each exemplary patterned layer includes a continuous layer of cured shape memory elastomer defining a multiplicity of openings per square centimeter of the patterned layer, where the openings are free of uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • the uncured shape memory elastomer is depicted as a white network, and black areas are free of shape memory elastomer.
  • the uncured shape memory elastomer is depicted as a black network, and the white areas are free of shape memory elastomer.
  • patterned layer 300 is a “negative polka dot” pattern, with uncured shape memory elastomer 302 surrounding circular openings 304 . Circular openings 304 are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer. Patterned layer 300 defines about 55 circular openings (diameter about 0.8 mm) in an area of 1 cm 2 .
  • patterned layer 310 is also a “negative polka dot” pattern, with uncured shape memory elastomer 312 surrounding circular openings 314 . Circular openings 314 are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • Patterned layer 310 defines about 24 circular openings (diameter about 1.2 mm) in an area of 1 cm 2 .
  • patterned layer 320 includes uncured shape memory elastomer 322 surrounding geometric openings 324 . Geometric openings 324 are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • patterned layer 330 includes uncured shape memory elastomer 332 surrounding “I” shaped openings 334 . “I” shaped openings 334 are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • patterned layer 340 includes uncured shape memory elastomer 342 in a repeating arc pattern surrounding arc-shaped openings 344 .
  • Arc-shaped openings 344 are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • patterned layer 350 includes uncured shape memory elastomer 352 in a geometric pattern surrounding openings 354 of various shapes. Openings 354 are free of the uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • FIG. 4 depicts an exemplary first fabric layer 400 with outlines 402 indicating the area over which uncured shape memory elastomer has been printed to yield patterned layer 404 in the shape of a garment. Areas 406 outside outlines 402 are free of uncured shape memory elastomer.
  • 104 includes contacting the patterned layer of the uncured shape memory elastomer with a second fabric layer to yield a fabric sub-assembly.
  • the second fabric layer includes at least 80% natural fibers (e.g., cotton, flax, jute, and the like) and up to 20% other fibers (e.g., elastic materials such as spandex or elastane and the like). Other details described with respect to the first fabric layer also apply to the second fabric layer.
  • the second fabric layer may be the same as the first fabric layer, or different.
  • FIG. 5 depicts an exploded view of an exemplary fabric sub-assembly 500 , including first fabric layer 500 with patterned layers 502 of uncured shape memory elastomer printed in the shape of garments or portions of garments, and second fabric layer 504 .
  • the second fabric layer may have previously received a wire casing with wires inside and a stabilizer as a center front between the wires or other parts that are meant to be in between the first and second fabric layers to make the garment functional.
  • 106 includes contacting the fabric sub-assembly with a surface of a heated mold.
  • the mold may be heated to a temperature in a range between 160° C. and 220° C.
  • the fabric sub-assembly is molded to conform to the shape of the mold, thereby curing the uncured shape memory elastomer to yield a molded fabric laminate including a patterned layer of cured shape memory elastomer between the first and second fabric layers and adhering the first fabric layer to the second fabric layer. Molding is typically achieved in 30 seconds at a temperature up to 185° C. (e.g., up to 180° C.).
  • the uncured shape memory elastomer is cured to yield a cured shape memory elastomer.
  • the pattern of the uncured shape memory elastomer is retained. Curing the shape memory elastomer also adheres the first and second fabric layers together.
  • non-natural fibers if present, are selected to have a low heat-setting temperature.
  • the color difference ⁇ E between the first fabric layer before molding and the first fabric layer after molding is less than 4, less than 3, less than 2, or less than 1.
  • up to 20% Easy Set LYCRA is used to reduce heat-setting temperature, dwell time, or both for fabrics containing heat sensitive fibers such as cotton, to provide excellent molding characteristics, and to preserve the soft feel or natural fibers.
  • FIG. 6 depicts exemplary mold assembly 600 , including cup molds 602 and hot plate 604 , proximate oven 606 .
  • Mold assembly 600 may be used to mold cups for a bra (i.e., a portion of a garment) in a process in which a portion of a fabric sub-assembly is appropriately sized (e.g., trimmed) and placed on cup molds 602 .
  • Molded cups are formed from the fabric sub-assembly after hot plate 604 engages cup molds 602 .
  • Contact of the hot plates 604 (e.g., 180° C.) with a fabric sub-assembly has a duration of approximately 30 sec, after which the hot plate is disengaged from cup molds 602 .
  • FIG. 7 depicts mold 700 , a three-dimensional anatomic mold for molding a fabric sub-assembly into a seamless, one-piece bra.
  • the molded fabric laminate is trimmed to yield a garment or a portion of a garment.
  • Trimming the molded fabric laminate may include cutting the edges of the molded fabric laminate with any cutting system (e.g., a mechanical cutting system or an ultrasonic cutting system.) Trimming as described herein yields clean edges that resist fraying, even after multiple washes.
  • trimming may include forming scalloped edges on the garment or portion of the garment.
  • a narrow hem may be formed on an edge of the garment or portion of the garment after trimming.
  • the garment or portion of the garment is breathable and has a soft cotton hand feel.
  • Shrinkage of the garment or the portion of the garment after molding and 20 wash cycles is less than 5%, less than 4%, or less than 3%, resulting in a stabilized shape and little or no fraying of the clean cut edges, even after many washes.
  • Resistance to nitrogen oxides after three cycles of exposure to nitrogen oxides is ⁇ 3/4.
  • FIG. 8 depicts garment 800 formed according to process 100 .
  • Garment 800 includes molded bra body 802 with attached straps 804 . Edges 806 are scalloped.
  • the yellowing in the molding process as measured by ⁇ E (color difference) is less than 1.
  • ⁇ E is a single number, measured by spectrophotometer, that represents the “distance” between two colors. The analysis is done in regards to the color spectrum based on primary colors red, yellow, and blue.
  • a ⁇ E of 0.7 is the smallest color difference the human eye can detect. In general, tolerances applied are: from 0 to 0.7, color difference not visible; from 0.7 to 1.2, color difference may need to be improved; over 1.2, color difference is unsatisfactory.
  • ⁇ E indicates an axis of deviation that can be translated by “more blue” or “too yellow.” ⁇ E can also be used to help control the shading between different parts (e.g., a cup and a back wing) in a one piece bra. A ⁇ E of less than 1.2 is considered to be acceptable.
  • Color fastness to nitrogen oxides is tested under method ISO 105-G01: 1985.
  • the aim is to determine color fastness of textiles to nitrogen oxides produced with gas combustion or gasoline.
  • specimens are exposed to nitrogen oxide in a closed container until the coloring of control fabric indicates color staining.
  • Color variation is evaluated with the grey scale by comparison with the control fabric.
  • Variation is evaluated by 1/2 shade.
  • a value of 1 indicates high variation/bad behavior to nitrogen oxides, and a value of 5 indicates no variation or reaction to the nitrogen oxides.
  • Test pieces are rated with a value of 1, 1/2, 2, 2/3, 3, 3/4, 4, 4/5, or 5. For white and light shades, a value of 3/4 is targeted.
  • resistance to nitrogen oxides after three cycles of exposure to nitrogen oxides is ⁇ 3/4 on the scale of 1 to 5.
  • a garment such as a bra formed according to process 100 can have a stabilized cup shape, even after 20 washes.
  • Shrinkage of the garment formed according to process 100 measured by drawing a line (e.g., 17 cm long) across a curved portion of the cup and measuring the length of the line before molding and after 20 washes, can be less than 4%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Corsets Or Brassieres (AREA)
US16/308,392 2016-06-08 2017-06-07 Natural fiber molded garment Abandoned US20190216140A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16290104.5A EP3254842B1 (fr) 2016-06-08 2016-06-08 Vêtement moulé en fibres naturelles
EP16290104.5 2016-06-08
PCT/EP2017/063869 WO2017211907A1 (fr) 2016-06-08 2017-06-07 Vêtement moulé en fibres naturelles

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US20190216140A1 true US20190216140A1 (en) 2019-07-18

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US16/308,392 Abandoned US20190216140A1 (en) 2016-06-08 2017-06-07 Natural fiber molded garment

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US20190216140A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3254842B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20190016550A (fr)
CN (1) CN109641418A (fr)
CA (1) CA3026965C (fr)
ES (1) ES2933621T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2738867C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017211907A1 (fr)

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US20190343280A1 (en) * 2018-05-10 2019-11-14 Colette Arredondo Brassiere drawer insert and brassiere molds
WO2021041803A1 (fr) * 2019-08-30 2021-03-04 Fischer Bonnie Systèmes et procédés de fabrication de vêtement

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IT201700057764A1 (it) * 2017-05-26 2018-11-26 Re Polar S R L Tessuto composito e relativo uso per la realizzazione di indumenti termocoibenti.

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CA3026965C (fr) 2024-04-09
CA3026965A1 (fr) 2017-12-14
RU2018144410A (ru) 2020-07-09
ES2933621T3 (es) 2023-02-10
KR20190016550A (ko) 2019-02-18
WO2017211907A1 (fr) 2017-12-14
CN109641418A (zh) 2019-04-16
EP3254842B1 (fr) 2022-09-28
EP3254842A1 (fr) 2017-12-13
RU2738867C2 (ru) 2020-12-17

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