Classifications

• • D03D15/12—
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
  • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
  • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/04—Pigments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
  • D01F6/74—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polycondensates of cyclic compounds, e.g. polyimides, polybenzimidazoles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/0004—General aspects of dyeing
  • D06P1/0012—Effecting dyeing to obtain luminescent or phosphorescent dyeings
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
  • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
  • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
• • D03D2700/03—
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04B—KNITTING
  • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
  • D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
  • D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/14—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polycondensates of cyclic compounds, e.g. polyimides, polybenzimidazoles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/14—Dyeability
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
  • D10B2501/04—Outerwear; Protective garments

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a flame-retardant fabric that can be obtained by dyeing flame-retardant polyetherimide-based fibers containing a white pigment, the flame-retardant fabric having a color that satisfies the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 and having an improved tenacity retention rate of fiber after dyeing.
• Polyetherimide-based fibers are excellent in heat resistance and flame retardancy, and are very effectively used in many applications, including the industrial material field, the electric and electronic field, the agricultural material field, the apparel field, the optical material field, and planes, automobiles and ships, etc.
• Materials used in such highly visible fiber products are defined in accordance with the international standard for high visibility ISO20471. This standard specifies criteria for color properties of materials based on conditions known to this technical field, such as CIE chromaticity coordinates and luminosity coefficients.
• Patent Document 1 JP Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2013-32612 discloses a flame-retardant fabric containing aramid, viscose or polyimide fibers which has high visibility by printing. However, this fabric exhibits colors only in printed portions, not in the entire fabric.
• Patent Document 2 JP Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2014-237905 describes a flame-retardant fabric containing polyetherimide-based fibers, which satisfies the conditions of chromaticity coordinates and luminosity coefficients specified by the European standard for high visibility EN471, which is equivalent to the international standard for high visibility ISO20471.
• EN471 European standard for high visibility EN471
• permeation of the dye and the career to the polyetherimide-based fibers while dyeing makes the fiber surface more prone to damage, leading to considerable deterioration in mechanical property of the fibers.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a flame-retardant fabric that solves the above-mentioned problem, satisfies the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 and has an improved fiber tenacity retention rate.
• the inventors of the present invention found that dyeing procedure of flame retardant polyetherimide-based fibers in a condition that the fibers contain a white pigment achieves to obtain a flame-retardant fabric that is excellent in flame retardancy, has a color satisfying the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 and has an improved retention rate of a fiber mechanical property, and the inventors thus achieved the present invention.
• the present invention is a flame-retardant fabric that includes polyetherimide-based fibers containing a white pigment and has a color satisfying the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471.
• the fabric after dyeing may have a color that has CIE chromaticity coordinates (x, y) within a color space delimited by (0.624, 0.374), (0.589, 0.366), (0.609, 0.343) and (0.655, 0.345), and a luminosity coefficient ⁇ equal to or greater than 0.40.
• the fabric after dyeing may have a color that has CIE chromaticity coordinates (x, y) within a color space delimited by (0.450, 0.549), (0.420, 0.483), (0.375, 0.528) and (0.395, 0.602), and a luminosity coefficient ⁇ equal to or greater than 0.70.
• the fabric may be a fabric that includes polyetherimide-based fibers having a fiber tenacity retention rate of 65% or higher.
• the present invention is a method for producing a polyetherimide-based fiber, the method including dyeing a polyetherimide-based fiber containing a white pigment at a temperature from 100° C. to 125° C. to give the fiber a color satisfying the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471.
• the present invention can provide a flame-retardant fabric that satisfies the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 and has an improved fiber tenacity retention rate.
• the present invention is characterized by that the flame-retardant fabric having a color satisfying the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 and an improved fiber tenacity retention rate.
• the flame-retardant fabric can be obtained by dyeing polyetherimide-based fibers having excellent flame retardancy wherein a white pigment is added to the fibers.
• Examples of polyetherimide-based resins used in the present invention may include polymers containing a combination of repeating structural units represented by the following formula.
• R1 represents a divalent aromatic residue having 6 to 30 carbon atoms
• R2 represents a divalent organic group selected from the group consisting of a divalent aromatic residue having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and a polydiorganosiloxane group in which the chain is terminated by an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
• a preferable polymer includes a condensate of 2,2-bis[4-(2,3-dicarboxyphenoxy)phenyl]propane dianhydride and m-phenylenediamine, having a structural unit shown by the following formula as a main constituent.
• amorphous polyetherimide is available from SABIC Innovative Plastics Holding under the trademark of “ULTEM”.
• the polyetherimide-based resin used in the present invention preferably has a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) smaller than 2.5.
• Mw/Mn molecular weight distribution
• a molecular weight distribution equal to or greater than 2.5 may be not preferable because of poor spinnability.
• a polyetherimide-based fiber containing, for example, 0.5 to 5.0% owf (on the weight of fiber) of, a white pigment enables to enhance luminosity required by the international standard for high visibility
• a content less than 0.5% owf may be not preferable because the content of the white pigment dispersed in the fiber resin may be low to exhibit sufficient luminosity in the fiber after dyeing.
• a content greater than 5.0% owf may be not preferable because additives may be more likely to coagulate to decrease spinnability.
• the white pigment used in the present invention may include anatase titanium oxide, rutile titanium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium oxide, basic carbonate, and calcium sulfate dihydrate.
• the most preferable pigment is anatase titanium oxide, which has the highest reflectance rate at wavelengths in the visible region.
• the dye used in the present invention may be any disperse dye as long as the dye is capable of dyeing a conventional polyester fiber and is not particularly limited.
• the disperse dye particularly suitable for polyetherimide-based fibers there may be mentioned a disperse dye that has a good diffusion property, has a higher inorganic property in a ratio of inorganic/organic properties and typically contains hydroxyl group or a halogen atom.
• Examples of preferable dyes for polyetherimide-based fibers may include “Dianix Yellow AM-42,” “Dianix Luminous Yellow GN” and “Dianix Luminous Yellow 10G” as yellow dyes; “Kayalon Brilliant Orange HL-SF200,” “Reform Brilliant Orange CV-N” and “Dianix Orange AM-SLR” as orange dyes; and “Dianix Br. Scarlet SF” as a red dye.
• Some of the dyes mentioned above are capable of dyeing fibers successfully without a carrier. Use of a carrier makes it possible to achieve deep shade and also improved washfastness.
• the species of dyes to be used in the present invention is not particularly limited to the above-mentioned dyes because use of a carrier makes it possible to achieve successful dyeing with some of the dyes which do not achieve successful dyeing without a carrier.
• a phthalimide compound a benzyl alcohol compound, a chlorobenzene compound, a methylnaphthalene compound, or the like
• careers may be singly used, or may be used in combination to make it possible to produce deeper shades.
• the following career for example, are commercially available: as a phthalimide career “Dye career TN-55” (manufactured by DAIWA CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Co., Ltd.); as a benzyl alcohol career “benzyl alcohol” (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.); as a chlorobenzene career “IPC-71P career C-71” (manufactured by Ipposha Oil Industries Co., ltd.); and as a methylnaphthalene career “Tetrosin AT-M” (manufactured by Yamakawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
• the flame-retardant fabric of the present invention is characterized by having a color that satisfies the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471.
• the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 specifies the criteria based on conditions such as CIE chromaticity coordinates and a CIE tristimulus value for each color type used in a material. That is, the standard requires a red material to have CIE chromaticity coordinates (x, y) within a color space delimited by (0.655, 0.345), (0.570, 0.340), (0.595, 0.315) and (0.690, 0.310), and a luminosity coefficient ⁇ equal to or greater than 0.25.
• an orange-red material has to have CIE chromaticity coordinates within a color space delimited by (0.610, 0.390), (0.535, 0.375), (0.570, 0.340) and (0.655, 0.345), and a luminosity coefficient ⁇ equal to or greater than 0.40.
• a yellow material has to have CIE chromaticity coordinates within a color space delimited by (0.387, 0.610), (0.356, 0.494), (0.398, 0.452) and (0.460, 0.540), and a luminosity coefficient ⁇ equal to or greater than 0.70.
• the flame-retardant fabric of the present invention is an orange-red material
• the flame-retardant fabric after dyeing preferably has a color of CIE chromaticity coordinates (x, y) within a color space delimited by (0.624, 0.374), (0.589, 0.366), (0.609, 0.343) and (0.655, 0.345), and of a luminosity coefficient ⁇ equal to or greater than 0.40.
• the flame-retardant fabric of the present invention which is dyed to a color within the color space can have a chromaticity within the color space specified for an orange-red material by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 even after the fabric is exposed to light.
• the flame-retardant fabric of the present invention is a yellow material
• the flame-retardant fabric after dyeing preferably has a color of CIE chromaticity coordinates (x, y) within a color space delimited by (0.450, 0.549), (0.420, 0.483), (0.375, 0.528) and (0.395, 0.602), and of a luminosity coefficient ⁇ equal to or greater than 0.70.
• the flame-retardant fabric of the present invention which is dyed to a color within the color space can have a chromaticity within the color space specified for a yellow material by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 even after the fabric is exposed to light.
• a white pigment is uniformly dispersed in desired polyetherimide-based fibers.
• White pigment dispersed in the fibers enables light penetrating inside the dyed polyetherimide-based fibers to be scattered and reflected to the surface of the fiber, and thereby the white pigment allows the fibers to have a higher luminosity than that of fibers without white pigment. Thanks to the luminosity-enhancing effect, it is possible to dye fibers at a lower temperature than the dyeing temperature required in Patent Document 2, and thus, it is possible to obtain a flame-retardant fabric that has a luminosity satisfying the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 and is suppressed in deterioration in mechanical properties due to dyeing.
• the preferable range of dyeing temperatures is from 100° C. to 125° C., and more preferably from 110° C. to 120° C.
• a fiber-formable resin is melt-extruded into a fibrous shape by using a single-screw or twin-screw extruder through a nozzle having a diameter of 0.1 to 10.0 mm.
• the resultant fiber is wound at a speed from 300 m/min to 3,000 m/min to produce a fiber of 0.1 to 1000 dtex.
• Fibers containing a certain amount of a white pigment can be obtained by a method in which melt-spinning of a fiber-formable resin is carried out with adding a white pigment during melt-spinning procedure, or in which melt-spinning is carried out by using a fiber-formable resin containing white pigment that is added before melt-spinning. It is preferable to prepare a master batch by melt-mixing a resin and a white pigment so that the master batch and a fiber-formable resin are melt-knead in order to improve dispersibility of the white pigment.
• the polyetherimide-based fiber can be used to obtain a flame-retardant fabric with high visibility, that can be any type of fabric, including woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics.
• the flame-retardant fabric of the present invention which satisfies the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 and is capable of having a tenacity retention rate equal to or greater than 65% can be applied to a wide range of applications that require flame retardancy and high visibility, such as protective clothing and/or accessories.
• LOI limiting oxygen index
• the CIE chromaticity coordinates (x, y) and the luminosity coefficient ⁇ of reflected light were measured using “Spectrophotometer 3700d” manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd. so as to evaluate chromaticity and luminosity.
• the xenon lamp irradiation test was performed using “7.5-kW Super Xenon Weather Meter SX75” manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. in accordance with ISO105-B02.
• the xenon light fastness was determined by the 3rd exposure method of ISO105-B02: 1994.
• the orange-red color samples light was irradiated until the blue standard fabric with level 5 reaches grade 3 of gray scale.
• the yellow color samples light was irradiated until the blue standard fabric with level 4 reaches grade 4 of gray scale.
• the fiber tenacity retention rate was calculated by the following formula.
• Fiber tenacity retention rate (Average single fiber tenacity after dyeing)/(Average single fiber tenacity before dyeing) ⁇ 100(%)
• the resin is abbreviated as “U-PEI resin.”
• U-PEI resin After kneading 95 parts by mass of the U-PEI resin and 5 parts by mass of the U-PEI master batch resin containing 10% owf of anatase titanium oxide relative to the U-PEI resin, the mixture was melt-extruded at 400° C., measured by a gear pump, and discharged through a nozzle having a hole diameter ⁇ of 0.2 mm, and then was wound at a speed of 1500 m/min to produce fibers of 84 dtex/24 f. Thus obtained fibers were formed into a tubular knitted fabric.
• the resultant tubular knitted fabric was placed in a sealable pressure-resistant stainless container together with the following dyeing solution containing dyes, a career and a UV absorber, etc. and then was dyed for 40 minutes at 115° C.
• the dyed tubular knitted fabric was subjected to reduction cleaning for 20 minutes at 80° C. in a reduction cleaning bath as described below so as to remove impurities on the fiber surfaces.
• Tubular knitted fabric of polyether imide fibers 10 g
• Reform Brilliant Orange CV-N [orange dye] (manufactured by NIKKA FINE TECHNO CO., LTD.): 3.5% owf
• Dianix Luminous Yellow GN [yellow dye] (manufactured by DyStar Japan Ltd.): 0.5% owf
• Amirajin D (manufactured by Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.): 1 g/L
• the mixture was melt-extruded at 400° C., measured by a gear pump, and discharged through a nozzle having a hole diameter ⁇ of 0.2 mm, and then was wound at a speed of 1500 m/min to produce fibers of 84 dtex/24 f.
• fibers were formed into a tubular knitted fabric.
• the resultant tubular knitted fabric was dyed and subjected to reduction cleaning under the same conditions as those of Example 1.
• the polyetherimide resin containing zinc oxide whose content was adjusted to 0.5% by weight was melt-extruded at 400° C., measured by a gear pump, and discharged through a nozzle having a hole diameter ⁇ of 0.2 mm, and then was wound at a speed of 1500 m/min to produce fibers of 84 dtex/24 f.
• the resultant tubular knitted fabric was dyed and subjected to reduction cleaning under the same conditions as those of Example 1.
• the U-PEI resin was independently melt-extruded at 400° C., measured by a gear pump, and discharged through a nozzle having a hole diameter ⁇ of 0.2 mm, and then was wound at a speed of 1500 m/min to produce fibers of 84 dtex/24 f.
• fibers were formed into a tubular knitted fabric.
• the resultant tubular knitted fabric was dyed and subjected to reduction cleaning under the same conditions as those of Example 1.
• a tubular knitted fabric prepared under the same conditions as those of Comparative Example 1 was placed in a sealable pressure-resistant stainless container together with a dyeing solution containing the same dyes, career and UV absorber, etc. to those of Example 1 and was dyed for 40 minutes at 135° C.
• the dyed tubular knitted fabric was subjected to reduction cleaning for 20 minutes at 80° C. in a reduction cleaning bath as described above so as to remove impurities on the fiber surfaces.
• a tubular knitted fabric prepared under the same conditions as those of Comparative Example 1 was placed in a sealable pressure-resistant stainless container together with a dyeing solution containing the same dye, career and UV absorber, etc. as those of Example 6 and was dyed for 40 minutes at 135° C.
• the dyed tubular knitted fabric was subjected to reduction cleaning for 20 minutes at 80° C. in a reduction cleaning bath as described above so as to remove impurities on the fiber surfaces.
• Example 1 Titanium 0.5 3.5 0.5 115 Orange- 32 67.8 0.601 0.360 0.428 0.558 0.373 0.448 oxide red
• Example 2 Titanium 1.0 3.5 0.5 115 Orange- 32 67.5 0.604 0.359 0.430 0.561 0.372 0.450 oxide red
• Example 3 Titanium 2.0 3.5 0.5 115 Orange- 33 67.2 0.602 0.360 0.444 0.559 0.373 0.464 oxide red
• Example 4 Titanium 5.0 3.5 0.5 115 Orange- 32 65.6 0.595 0.361 0.452 0.547 0.374 0.472 oxide red
• Example 5 Zinc 1.0 3.5 0.5 115 Orange- 32 67.0 0.594 0.365 0.423 0.547 0.363 0.443 oxide red
• Example 6 Titanium 1.0 — 1.0 115 Yellow 32 67.8 0.406 0.540 0.910 0.402 0.524 0.830 oxide Comparative — — 3.5 0.5 115 Orange- 32 76.8 0.585 0.360 0.384
• Table 1 shows the evaluation results for the tubular knitted fabrics obtained in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3.
• the tubular knitted fabrics of Examples 1-6 were evaluated as having flame retardancy, being high in fiber tenacity retention rate, and having colors that satisfied the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 after dyeing as well as after the lightfastness evaluation.
• the tubular knitted fabric of Comparative Example 1 was evaluated as not having a color that satisfied the criteria required by the international standard for high visibility ISO20471 after dyeing because the polyetherimide-based fiber without white pigment was dyed at 115° C.
• the tubular knitted fabrics of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were evaluated as having low tenacity retention rates of the polyetherimide-based fibers constituting the fabrics because the polyetherimide-based fibers without white pigment were dyed at 135° C.
• the flame-retardant fabric according to the present invention which contains polyetherimide-based fibers with at least one additive selected from a group consisting of white pigments at a certain amount has high luminosity. Therefore, the fabric can be used as highly visible protective clothing and/or accessories that require flame retardancy and, thus, is industrially applicable in the fields of manufacturing and/or processing the fibers.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
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• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

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• 2017
  • 2017-07-31 WO PCT/JP2017/027748 patent/WO2018025817A1/ja unknown
  • 2017-07-31 JP JP2018531891A patent/JPWO2018025817A1/ja active Pending
  • 2017-07-31 EP EP17836922.9A patent/EP3495538A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-07-31 CN CN201780047220.1A patent/CN109563655A/zh active Pending
• 2019
  • 2019-01-31 US US16/263,763 patent/US20190161893A1/en not_active Abandoned

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