US20170197971A1 - 3-(Carboxymethyl)-8-Amino-2-Oxo-1,3-Diaza-Spiro-[4.5]-Decane Derivatives - Google Patents

3-(Carboxymethyl)-8-Amino-2-Oxo-1,3-Diaza-Spiro-[4.5]-Decane Derivatives Download PDF

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US20170197971A1
US20170197971A1 US15/405,919 US201715405919A US2017197971A1 US 20170197971 A1 US20170197971 A1 US 20170197971A1 US 201715405919 A US201715405919 A US 201715405919A US 2017197971 A1 US2017197971 A1 US 2017197971A1
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Prior art keywords
methyl
phenyl
diazaspiro
decan
oxo
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Inventor
Sven Kuehnert
Rene Michael KOENIGS
Florian Jakob
Achim Kless
Paul Ratcliffe
Ruth Jostock
Thomas Koch
Klaus Linz
Wolfgang Schroeder
Klaus Schiene
Anita WEGERT
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Gruenenthal GmbH
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Gruenenthal GmbH
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Assigned to GRUENENTHAL GMBH reassignment GRUENENTHAL GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RATCLIFFE, PAUL, JOSTOCK, RUTH, SCHIENE, KLAUS, KLESS, ACHIM, KOENIGS, RENE MICHAEL, LINZ, KLAUS, JAKOB, Florian, KOCH, THOMAS, KUEHNERT, SVEN, SCHROEDER, WOLFGANG, Wegert, Anita
Publication of US20170197971A1 publication Critical patent/US20170197971A1/en
Priority to US15/980,181 priority Critical patent/US20180282341A1/en
Priority to US16/212,723 priority patent/US20190106430A1/en
Priority to US16/454,489 priority patent/US10807989B2/en
Priority to US17/007,557 priority patent/US20200399280A1/en
Priority to US17/188,884 priority patent/US20210179627A1/en
Priority to US18/103,319 priority patent/US20230174540A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4184—1,3-Diazoles condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. benzimidazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
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    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K5/00—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K5/04—Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
    • C07K5/06—Dipeptides
    • C07K5/06008—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
    • C07K5/06017—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic
    • C07K5/06026—Dipeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic the side chain containing 0 or 1 carbon atom, i.e. Gly or Ala

Definitions

  • the invention relates to 3-(carboxymethyl)-8-amino-2-oxo-1,3-diaza-spiro-[4.5]-decane derivatives, their preparation and use in medicine, particularly in various neurological disorders, including but not limited to pain, neurodegenerative disorders, neuroinflammatory disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, substance abuse/dependence.
  • Opioid receptors are a group of Gi/o protein-coupled receptors which are widely distributed in the human body.
  • the opioid receptors are currently subdivided into four major classes, i.e. the three classical opioid receptors mu-opioid (MOP) receptor, kappa-opioid (KOP) receptor, and delta-opioid (DOP) receptor as well as the opioid receptor-like (ORL-1) receptor, which was more recently discovered based on its high homology with said classical opioid receptors.
  • MOP mu-opioid
  • KOP kappa-opioid
  • DOP delta-opioid
  • ORL-1 opioid receptor-like receptor
  • ORL-1 receptor After identification of the endogenous ligand of the ORL-1 receptor, known as nociceptin/orphanin FQ, a highly basic 17 amino acid peptide isolated from tissue extracts in 1995, the ORL-1 receptor was renamed “nociceptin opioid peptide receptor” and abbreviated as “NOP-receptor”.
  • the classical opioid receptors (MOP, KOP and DOP) as well as the NOP receptor are widely distributed/expressed in the human body, including in the brain, the spinal cord, on peripheral sensory neurons and the intestinal tract, wherein the distribution pattern differs between the different receptor classes.
  • Nociceptin acts at the molecular and cellular level in very much the same way as opioids. However, its pharmacological effects sometimes differ from, and even oppose those of opioids. NOP-receptor activation translates into a complex pharmacology of pain modulation, which, depending on route of administration, pain model and species involved, leads to either pronociceptive or antinociceptive activity. Furthermore, the NOP receptor system is upregulated under conditions of chronic pain. Systemic administration of selective NOP receptor agonists was found to exert a potent and efficacious analgesia in non-human primate models of acute and inflammatory pain in the absence of side effects.
  • NOP receptors The activation of NOP receptors has been demonstrated to be devoid of reinforcing effects but to inhibit opioid-mediated reward in rodents and non-human primates (Review: Schroeder et al, Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171 (16): 3777-3800, and references therein).
  • NOP receptor agonists might be useful inter alia in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders (Witkin et al, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 141 (2014) 283-299; Jenck et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 1997, 14854-14858).
  • the DOP receptor is also implicated to modulate not only pain but also neuropsychiatric disorders (Mabrouk et al, 2014; Pradhan et al., 2011).
  • MOP receptor agonists show only reduced effectiveness under conditions of chronic and neuropathic pain.
  • peripherally restricted opioid receptor ligands that do not easily cross the blood-brain barrier and therefore distribute poorly to the central nervous system (see for instance WO 2015/192039).
  • peripherally acting compounds might combine effective analgesia with limited side-effects.
  • a further approach has been to provide multi-opioid receptor analgesics that modulate more than one of the opioid receptor subtypes to provide additive or synergistic analgesia and/or reduced side effects like abuse liability or tolerance.
  • medicaments which are effective in the treatment of pain and which have advantages compared to the compounds of the prior art.
  • medicaments should contain such a small dose of active ingredient that satisfactory pain therapy can be ensured without the occurrence of intolerable treatment-emergent adverse events.
  • a first aspect of the invention relates to 3-(carboxymethyl)-8-amino-2-oxo-1,3-diaza-spiro-[4.5]-decane derivatives according to general formula (I)
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another mean
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OH, —OCH 3 , —CN and —CO 2 CH 3 ; a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —OH, —OCH 3 , —CN and —CO 2 CH 3 ; wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted; or a 3-12-
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl is optionally connected through —C( ⁇ O)—, —C( ⁇ O)O—, or —S( ⁇ O) 2 —; a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; or wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C( ⁇ O)—, —C( ⁇ O)O—, —C( ⁇ O)O—CH 2
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted;
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted;
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —NH 2 , and —O—C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —NH 2 , —C 1 -C
  • aryl includes but is not limited to phenyl and naphthyl.
  • heteroaryl includes but is not limited to -1,2-benzodioxole, -pyrazinyl, -pyridazinyl, -pyridinyl, -pyrimidinyl, -thienyl, -imidazolyl, -benzimidazolyl, -thiazolyl, -1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, -benzothiazolyl, -oxazolyl, -benzoxazolyl, -pyrazolyl, -quinolinyl, -isoquinolinyl, -quinazolinyl, -indolyl, -indolinyl, -benzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazolyl, -imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazinyl, or -1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyri
  • cycloalkyl includes but is not limited to -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl, -cyclopentyl and -cyclohexyl.
  • heterocycloalkyl includes but is not limited to -aziridinyl, -azetidinyl, -pyrrolidinyl, -piperidinyl, -piperazinyl, -morpholinyl, -sulfamorpholinyl, -oxiridinyl, -oxetanyl, tetrahydropyranyl, and -pyranyl.
  • asymmetric group such as —C( ⁇ O)O— or —C( ⁇ O)O—CH 2 —
  • said asymmetric group may be arranged in either direction.
  • R 4 when R 4 is connected to the core structure through —C( ⁇ O)O—, the arrangement may be either R 4 —C( ⁇ O)O-core or core-C( ⁇ O)O—R 4 .
  • R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 2 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 , R 18 , R 19 , and R 20 independently of one another mean —H, —F, —OH, or —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; preferably —H.
  • R 1 means —H; and R 2 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 1 means —H and R 2 means —CH 3 .
  • R 1 means —CH 3 ; and R 2 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 1 means —CH 3 and R 2 means —CH 3 .
  • R 1 and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a ring and mean —(CH 2 ) 3-6 —.
  • R 1 and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a ring and mean —(CH 2 ) 3 —.
  • R 3 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 3 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —OCH 3 .
  • R 3 means a 6-14-membered aryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted, optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted.
  • R 3 means -phenyl unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 3 means -phenyl unsubstituted, mono- or disubstituted with —F, —Cl, —CH 3 , —CF 3 , —OH, —OCH 3 , —OCF 3 or —OCH 2 OCH 3 , preferably —F.
  • R 3 means -benzyl unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 3 means -benzyl unsubstituted, mono- or disubstituted with —F, —Cl, —CH 3 , —CF 3 , —OH, —OCH 3 , —OCF 3 or —OCH 2 OCH 3 , preferably —F.
  • R 3 means a 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 3 means -thienyl or -pyridinyl, in each case unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted. More preferably, R 3 means -thienyl, -pyridinyl, -imidazolyl or benzimidazolyl, in each case unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —F, —Cl or —CH 3 .
  • R 4 means —H.
  • R 4 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 4 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —CF 3 , —OH, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —OCF 3 , —O—(CH 2 CH 2 —O) 1-30 —H, —O—(CH 2 CH 2 —O) 1-30 —CH 3 , —OC( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • R 4 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl or —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 .
  • R 4 means a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 4 means a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is connected through —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —.
  • R 4 means a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 , —S( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl and —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl; wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl mo
  • R 4 means a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety is connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 4 means a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety is connected through —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —.
  • R 4 means -oxetanyl, -tetrahydrofuranyl or -tetrahydropyranyl, in each case unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 , —S( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl and —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl; wherein said -
  • R 4 means a 6-14-membered aryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 6-14-membered aryl moiety is connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 4 means -phenyl, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said -phenyl is connected through —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —.
  • R 4 means -phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 , —S( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl and —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl; wherein said -phenyl is connected through —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —.
  • R 4 means a 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety is connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 4 means a 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said -phenyl is connected through —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —.
  • R 4 means -pyridinyl, -pyrimidinyl, -pyrazinyl, or -pyrazolinyl, in each case unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 , —S( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl and —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl; wherein
  • R 5 means —H.
  • R 5 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 5 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 5 means —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 , —S( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)—C 3-12 heterocycloalkyl, —NH—C( ⁇ O)—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl,
  • R 5 means a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted, wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 5 means a 3-6-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted, wherein said 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated, unsubstituted; more preferably -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl, -cyclopentyl or -cyclohexyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —F, —OH, —CN or —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, wherein said -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl -cyclopentyl or -cyclohexyl is optionally connected through —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —.
  • R 5 means a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 5 means a 4-6-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted. More preferably, R 5 means -heterocyclobutyl or -tetrahydro-2H-thiopyranyl dioxide, unsubstituted.
  • R 5 means a 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 5 means a 5-6-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted, wherein said 5-6-membered heteroaryl moiety is optionally connected through —CH 2 —.
  • R 5 means a 5-6-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 , —S( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl and —S—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, wherein said 5-6-membered
  • R 5 means -oxazolyl, -isoxazolyl, -pyrazolyl, -pyridinyl, -pyridazinyl, -pyrazinyl, -thiazolyl, -thiadiazolyl, -imidazolyl or -pyrimidinyl, in each case unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl
  • R 5 means a 6-14-membered aryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; wherein said 6-14-membered aryl moiety is optionally connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 5 means -phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, Br, —I, —CN, —OH, —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —O—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHC 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —C( ⁇ O)N(C 1 -C 4 -alkyl) 2 , S( ⁇ O)C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, —S( ⁇ O) 2 C 1 -C 4 -alkyl and —S—C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, wherein said -phenyl is optionally connected through —CH 2 —.
  • X means NR 6 and R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • X means NR 6 and R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 5-6-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • X means NR 6 and R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form -pyrrolidinyl, -piperidinyl, -piperazinyl, -morpholinyl, -thiomorpholinyl, -thiomorpholinyl dioxide or -(methylsulfonyl)piperazinyl, in each case unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of ⁇ O, —OH, —CH 2 —OH and —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , wherein said -pyrrolidinyl, -piperidinyl, piperazinyl, -morpholinyl, -thiomorpholinyl, -thiomorpholinyl dioxide or -(methylsulfonyl)piperazinyl is optionally condensed with an imidazole moiety, unsubstituted.
  • R 5 means
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —O—CH 3 , —O—(CH 2 —CH 2 —O) 1-10 —H, —O—(CH 2 CH 2 —O) 1-10 —CH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , —OH, —S( ⁇ O)CH 3 , —S( ⁇ O) 2 CH 3 , unsubstituted —C( ⁇ O)-morpholinyl, —NH—C( ⁇ O)—CH 3 , —N(CH 3
  • X means NR 6 and R 6 means —H or —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • R 6 means —H or —CH 3 .
  • the compound according to the invention has a structure according to any of general formulas (II-A) to (VIII-C):
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and X are defined as above, R C means —H, —OH, —F, —CN or —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl; R D means —H or —F; or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the substructure of the compounds according to general formula (I) represented by R 5 , X, R 9 and R 10 i.e.
  • R 1 means —H or —CH 3
  • R 2 means —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 or —CH 2 —C(H)(CH 3 ) 2
  • R 3 means -phenyl, -thienyl or -pyridinyl, in each case unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —F
  • R 4 means
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, ⁇ O, —N(CH 3 ) 2 and —O—CH 3 ; or -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl, -cyclopentyl or -cyclohexyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —F, —OH, —CN or —CH 3 , wherein said -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl, -cyclopentyl or -cyclohexyl is connected through —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —; -oxetanyl unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —F, —OH, —CN or
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —O—CH 3 , —O—(CH 2 —CH 2 —O) 1-10 —H, —O—(CH 2 CH 2 —O) 1-10 —CH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , —OH, —S( ⁇ O)CH 3 , —S( ⁇ O) 2 CH 3 , unsubstituted —C( ⁇ O)-morpholinyl, —NH—C( ⁇ O)—CH 3 , —N(CH 3
  • R 1 means —H or —CH 3 ;
  • R 2 means —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 3 or —CH 2 —C(H)(CH 3 ) 2 ; and/or R 3 means -phenyl, -thienyl or -pyridinyl, in each case unsubstituted; preferably, R 3 means phenyl unsubstituted; and/or R 4 means
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —OH, ⁇ O, —N(CH 3 ) 2 and —O—CH 3 ; or -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl, -cyclopentyl or -cyclohexyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —F, —OH, —CN or —CH 3 , wherein said -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl, -cyclopentyl or -cyclohexyl is connected through —CH 2 — or —CH 2 CH 2 —; preferably, R 4 means -cyclobutyl, unsubstituted or monosubstituted with —OH, wherein
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkyl linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted with one, two, three or four substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, —CN, —O—CH 3 , —O—(CH 2 —CH 2 —O) 1-10 —H, —O—(CH 2 CH 2 —O) 1-10 —CH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)OH, —C( ⁇ O)OCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C( ⁇ O)NHCH 3 , —C( ⁇ O)N(CH 3 ) 2 , —OH, —S( ⁇ O)CH 3 , —S( ⁇ O) 2 CH 3 , unsubstituted —C( ⁇ O)-morpholinyl, —NH—C( ⁇ O)—CH 3 , —N(CH 3
  • the compound according to the invention is selected from the group consisting of
  • SC_1001 CIS-2-[1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl]- N-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-ethoxy]-ethoxy]-ethoxy]-ethoxy]-ethoxy]-ethyl]- acetamide
  • SC_1002 CIS-6-[[2-[1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3- yl]-acetyl]amino]-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester
  • SC_1003 CIS-2-[1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phen
  • —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl can be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated.
  • Linear saturated alkyl includes methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl and n-hexyl.
  • branched saturated alkyl include but are not limited to iso-propyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl.
  • linear unsaturated alkyl include but are not limited to vinyl, propenyl, allyl, and propargyl.
  • —C 1 -C 4 -alkyl can be unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • substituted alkyl examples include but are not limited to —CH 2 CH 2 OH, —CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 S( ⁇ O) 2 CH 3 , —CH 2 C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —C(CH 3 ) 2 C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , —CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 C( ⁇ O)NH 2 , and —CH 2 CH 2 C( ⁇ O)N(CH 3 ) 2 .
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene- can be unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • saturated alkylene examples include but are not limited to —CH 2 —, —CH(CH 3 )—, —C(CH 3 ) 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH(CH 3 )CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH(CH 3 )—, —CH(CH 3 )—CH(CH 3 )—, —C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 —, —CH(CH 3 )C(CH 3 ) 2 —, —C(CH 3 ) 2 CH(CH 3 )—, C(CH 3 ) 2 C(CH 3 ) 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, and —C(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH 2 —.
  • unsaturated alkylene examples include but are not limited to —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —C(CH 3 ) ⁇ CH—, —CH ⁇ C(CH 3 )—, —C(CH 3 ) ⁇ C(CH 3 )—, —CH 2 CH ⁇ CH—, —CH ⁇ CHCH 2 —, —CH ⁇ CH—CH ⁇ CH—, and —CH ⁇ CH—C ⁇ C—.
  • —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene- can be unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • substituted —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene- include but are not limited to —CHF—, —CF 2 —, —CHOH— and —C( ⁇ O)—.
  • moieties may be connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, i.e. the moieties may not be directly bound to the core structure of compound according to general formula (I), but may be connected to the core structure of compound according to general formula (I) or its periphery through a —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-linker.
  • 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety means a non-aromatic, monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic moiety comprising 3 to 12 ring carbon atoms but no heteroatoms in the ring.
  • preferred saturated 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moieties according to the invention include but are not limited to cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, hydrindane, and decaline.
  • Examples of preferred unsaturated 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety moieties according to the invention include but are not limited to cyclopropene, cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene, cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene, and 1,4-cyclohexadiene.
  • the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety which is bonded to the compound according to the invention, in its periphery may optionally be condensed with a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; and/or with a 6-14-membered aryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; and/or with a 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • the ring atoms of the condensed moieties are not included in the 3 to 12 ring atoms of the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety.
  • 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moieties condensed with 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moieties include but are not limited to octahydro-1H-indol, decahydroquinoline, decahydroisoquinoline, octahydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin, and decahydroquinoxalin, which in each case are connected through the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety.
  • 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moieties condensed with 6-14-membered aryl moieties include but are not limited to 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene and tetraline, which in each case are connected through the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety.
  • 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moieties condensed with 5-14-membered heteroaryl moieties include but are not limited to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazoline, which in each case are connected through the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety.
  • the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety may optionally be connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, i.e. the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety may not be directly bound to the compound according to general formula (I) but may be connected thereto through a —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-linker.
  • Examples include but are not limited to —CH 2 -cyclopropyl, —CH 2 -cyclobutyl, —CH 2 -cyclopentyl, —CH 2 -cyclohexyl, —CH 2 CH 2 -cyclopropyl, —CH 2 CH 2 -cyclobutyl, —CH 2 CH 2 -cyclopentyl, and —CH 2 CH 2 -cyclohexyl.
  • the 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety can be unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • substituted 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moieties include but are not limited to —CH 2 -1-hydroxy-cyclobutyl.
  • “3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety” means a non-aromatic, monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic moiety comprising 3 to 12 ring atoms, wherein each cycle comprises independently of one another 1, 2, 3, 4 or more heteroatoms independently of one another selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, whereas sulfur may be oxidized (S( ⁇ O) or S( ⁇ O) 2 ), whereas the remaining ring atoms are carbon atoms, and whereas bicyclic or tricyclic systems may share common heteroatom(s).
  • Examples of preferred saturated 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moieties according to the invention include but are not limited to aziridin, azetidine, pyrrolidine, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, piperidine, piperazine, triazolidine, tetrazolidine, oxiran, oxetane, tetrahydrofurane, tetrahydropyrane, thiirane, thietane, tetrahydrothiophene, diazepane, oxazolidine, isoxazolidine, thiazolidine, isothiazolidine, thiadiazolidine, morpholine, thiomorpholine.
  • Examples of preferred unsaturated 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety moieties according to the invention include but are not limited to oxazoline, pyrazoline, imidazoline, isoxazoline, thiazoline, isothiazoline, and dihydropyran.
  • the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety which is bonded to the compound according to the invention, in its periphery may optionally be condensed with a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; and/or with a 6-14-membered aryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; and/or with a 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • the ring atoms of the condensed moieties are not included in the 3 to 12 ring atoms of the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moieties.
  • 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moieties condensed with 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moieties include but are not limited to octahydro-1H-indol, decahydroquinoline, decahydroisoquinoline, octahydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]-oxazin, and decahydroquinoxalin, which in each case are connected through the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety.
  • An examples of a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety condensed with a 6-14-membered aryl moiety includes but is not limited to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, which is connected through the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety.
  • An example of a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety condensed with a 5-14-membered heteroaryl moieties includes but is not limited to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine, which is connected through the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety.
  • the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety may optionally be connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, i.e. the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety may not be directly bound to the compound according to general formula (I) but may be connected thereto through a —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-linker.
  • Said linker may be connected to a carbon ring atom or to a hetero ring atom of the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety.
  • Examples include but are not limited to —CH 2 -oxetane, —CH 2 -pyrrolidine, —CH 2 -piperidine, —CH 2 -morpholine, —CH 2 CH 2 -oxetane, —CH 2 CH 2 -pyrrolidine, —CH 2 CH 2 -piperidine, and —CH 2 CH 2 -morpholine.
  • the 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety can be unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • substituted 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moieties include but are not limited to 2-carboxamido-N-pyrrolidinyl-, 3,4-dihydroxy-N-pyrrolidinyl, 3-hydroxy-N-pyrimidinyl, 3,4-dihydroxy-N-pyrimidinyl, 3-oxo-N-piperazinyl, -tetrahydro-2H-thiopyranyl dioxide and thiomorpholinyl dioxide.
  • 6-14-membered aryl moiety means an aromatic, monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic moiety comprising 6 to 14 ring carbon atoms but no heteroatoms in the ring.
  • 6-14-membered aryl moieties according to the invention include but are not limited to benzene, naphthalene, anthracen, and phenanthren.
  • the 6-14-membered aryl moiety, which is bonded to the compound according to the invention, in its periphery may optionally be condensed with a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; and/or with a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; and/or with a 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • the ring atoms of the condensed moieties are not included in the 6 to 14 ring carbon atoms of the 6-14-membered heterocycloalkyl moieties.
  • 6-14-membered aryl moieties condensed with 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moieties include but are not limited to 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene and tetraline, which in each case are connected through the 6-14-membered aryl moiety.
  • 6-14-membered aryl moiety condensed with a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety includes but is not limited to 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, which is connected through the 6-14-membered aryl moiety.
  • 6-14-membered aryl moieties condensed with 5-14-membered heteroaryl moieties include but are not limited to quinoline, isoquinoline, phenazine and phenoxacine, which in each case are connected through the 6-14-membered aryl moiety.
  • the 6-14-membered aryl moiety may optionally be connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, i.e. the 6-14-membered aryl moiety may not be directly bound to the compound according to general formula (I) but may be connected thereto through a —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-linker.
  • Said linker may be connected to a carbon ring atom or to a hetero ring atom of the 6-14-membered aryl moiety. Examples include but are not limited to —CH 2 —C 6 H 5 , —CH 2 CH 2 —C 6 H 5 and —CH ⁇ CH—C 6 H 5 .
  • the 6-14-membered aryl moiety can be unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • substituted 6-14-membered aryl moieties include but are not limited to 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl and 3-methoxyphenyl.
  • “5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety” means an aromatic, monocyclic, bicyclic or tricyclic moiety comprising 6 to 14 ring atoms, wherein each cycle comprises independently of one another 1, 2, 3, 4 or more heteroatoms independently of one another selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, whereas the remaining ring atoms are carbon atoms, and whereas bicyclic or tricyclic systems may share common heteroatom(s).
  • Examples of preferred 5-14-membered heteroaryl moieties according to the invention include but are not limited to pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, tetrazole, furane, thiophene, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, isothiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, indolicine, 9H-chinolicine, 1,8-naphthyridine, purine, imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine, and pteridine.
  • the 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety which is bonded to the compound according to the invention, in its periphery may optionally be condensed with a 3-12-membered cycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; and/or with a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety, saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted; and/or with a 6-14-membered aryl moiety, unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety condensed with a 3-12-membered heterocycloalkyl moiety includes but is not limited to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine, which is connected through the 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety.
  • 5-14-membered heteroaryl moieties condensed with 6-14-membered aryl moieties include but are not limited to quinoline, isoquinoline, phenazine and phenoxacine, which in each case are connected through the 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety.
  • the 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety may optionally be connected through —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-, i.e. the 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety may not be directly bound to the compound according to general formula (I) but may be connected thereto through a —C 1 -C 6 -alkylene-linker.
  • Said linker may be connected to a carbon ring atom or to a hetero ring atom of the 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety.
  • Examples include but are not limited to —CH 2 -oxazole, —CH 2 -isoxazole, —CH 2 -imidazole, —CH 2 -pyridine, —CH 2 -pyrimidine, —CH 2 -pyridazine, —CH 2 CH 2 -oxazole, —CH 2 CH 2 -isoxazole, —CH 2 CH 2 -imidazole, —CH 2 CH 2 -pyridine, —CH 2 CH 2 -pyrimidine, and —CH 2 CH 2 -pyridazine.
  • the 5-14-membered heteroaryl moiety can be unsubstituted, mono- or polysubstituted.
  • 5-14-membered heteroaryl moieties include but are not limited to 2-methoxy-4-pyridinyl, 2-methoxy-5-pyridinyl, 3-methoxy-4-pyridinyl, 3-methoxy-6-pyridinyl, 4-methoxy-2-pyridinyl, 2-methylsulfonyl-5-pyridinyl, 3-methylsulfonyl-6-pyridinyl, 3-methoxy-6-pyridazinyl, 2-nitrilo-5-pyrimidinyl, 4-hydroxy-2-pyrimidinyl, 4-methoxy-pyrimidinyl, and 2-methoxy-6-pyrazinyl.
  • the compounds according to the invention have a structure according to general formula (I′)
  • R 1 to R 5 , R 9 to R 20 , and X are defined as above, or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the excess of the cis-isomer so designated is at least 50% de, more preferably at least 75% de, yet more preferably at least 90% de, most preferably at least 95% de and in particular at least 99% de.
  • the compounds according to the invention have a structure according to general formula (IX)
  • R C means —H or —OH
  • R 3 means -phenyl or -3-fluorophenyl
  • R 5 means —H, —CH 3 , —CH 2 CH 2 OH, or —CH 2 C( ⁇ O)NH 2
  • R 6 means —H or —CH 3 ; or R 5 and R 6 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a ring and mean —(CH 2 ) 5 —, wherein said ring is unsubstituted or substituted with one or two substituents independently of one another selected from the group consisting of —CH 3 , —OH, —S( ⁇ O) 2 CH 3 and —C( ⁇ O)NH 2
  • R 9 and R 10 independently of one another mean —H or —CH 3 ; or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the compounds according to the invention are in the form of the free bases.
  • the compounds according to the invention are in the form of the physiologically acceptable salts.
  • salt is to be understood as being any form of the compound in which it assumes an ionic form or is charged and is coupled with a counter-ion (a cation or anion) or is in solution.
  • the term is also to be understood as meaning complexes of the compound with other molecules and ions, in particular complexes which are associated via ionic interactions.
  • Preferred salts are physiologically acceptable, in particular physiologically acceptable salts with anions or acids or also a salt formed with a physiologically acceptable acid.
  • Physiologically acceptable salts with anions or acids are salts of the particular compound in question with inorganic or organic acids which are physiologically acceptable, in particular when used in humans and/or mammals.
  • physiologically acceptable salts of particular acids include but are not limited to salts of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and acetic acid.
  • the invention also includes isotopic isomers of a compound according to the invention, wherein at least one atom of the compound is replaced by an isotope of the respective atom which is different from the naturally predominantly occurring isotope, as well as any mixtures of isotopic isomers of such a compound.
  • Preferred isotopes are 2 H (deuterium), 3 H (tritium), 13 C and 14 C.
  • Certain compounds according to the invention are useful for modulating a pharmacodynamic response from one or more opioid receptors (mu, delta, kappa, NOP/ORL-1) either centrally or peripherally, or both.
  • the pharmacodynamic response may be attributed to the compound either stimulating (agonizing) or inhibiting (antagonizing) the one or more receptors.
  • Certain compounds according to the invention may antagonize one opioid receptor, while also agonizing one or more other receptors.
  • Compounds according to the invention having agonist activity may be either full agonists or partial agonists.
  • agonists compounds that bind to receptors and mimic the regulatory effects of endogenous ligands are defined as “agonists”.
  • antagonists Compounds that bind to a receptor but produce no regulatory effect, but rather block the binding of ligands to the receptor, are defined as “antagonists”.
  • the compounds according to the invention are agonists at the mu opioid (MOP) and/or kappa opioid (KOP) and/or delta opioid (DOP) and/or nociceptin opioid (NOP/ORL-1) receptors.
  • MOP mu opioid
  • KOP kappa opioid
  • DOP delta opioid
  • NOP/ORL-1 nociceptin opioid
  • the compounds according to the invention potently bind to the MOP and/or KOP and/or DOP and/or NOP receptors.
  • the compounds according to the invention can be modulators at the MOP and/or KOP and/or DOP and/or NOP receptors, and therefore the compounds according to the invention can be used/administered to treat, ameliorate, or prevent pain.
  • the compounds according to the invention are agonists of one or more opioid receptors. In some embodiments, the compounds according to the invention are agonists of the MOP and/or KOP and/or DOP and/or NOP receptors.
  • the compounds according to the invention are antagonists of one or more opioid receptors. In some embodiments, the compounds according to the invention are antagonists of the MOP and/or KOP and/or DOP and/or NOP receptors.
  • the compounds according to the invention have both, (i) agonist activity at the NOP receptor; and (ii) agonist activity at one or more of the MOP, KOP, and DOP receptors.
  • the compounds according to the invention have both, (i) agonist activity at the NOP receptor; and (ii) antagonist activity at one or more of the MOP, KOP, and DOP receptors.
  • the compounds according to the invention have both, (i) antagonist activity at the NOP receptor; and (ii) agonist activity at one or more of the MOP, KOP, and DOP receptors.
  • the compounds according to the invention have both, (i) antagonist activity at the NOP receptor; and (ii) antagonist activity at one or more of the MOP, KOP, and DOP receptors.
  • the compounds according to the invention have selective agonist activity at the NOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the peripheral nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • the compounds according to the invention have balanced agonist activity at the NOP receptor as well as at the MOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the peripheral nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • the compounds according to the invention have balanced agonist activity at the NOP receptor as well as at the KOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the peripheral nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • the compounds according to the invention have balanced agonist activity at the NOP receptor as well as at the DOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the peripheral nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • the compounds according to the invention have selective agonist activity at the KOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the peripheral nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • the compounds according to the invention have agonist activity at the MOP receptor, agonist activity at the KOP receptor, and antagonist activity at the DOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the peripheral nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • the compounds according to the invention have selective agonist activity at the NOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the central nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • the compounds according to the invention have selective antagonist activity at the NOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the central nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • the compounds according to the invention have antagonist activity at the NOP receptor as well as agonist activity at the DOP receptor. In some embodiments, preferably with respect to receptors of the central nervous system, the compounds according to the invention
  • no significant activity means that the activity (agonist/antagonist) of the given compound at this receptor is lower by a factor of 1000 or more compared to its activity (agonist/antagonist) at one or more of the other opioid receptors.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to the compounds according to the invention as medicaments.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to the compounds according to the invention for use in the treatment of pain.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a method of treating pain comprising the administration of a pain alleviating amount of a compound according to the invention to a subject in need thereof, preferably to a human.
  • the pain is preferably acute or chronic.
  • the pain is preferably nociceptive or neuropathic.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to the compounds according to the invention for use in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, neuroinflammatory disorders, neuropsychiatric disorders, and substance abuse/dependence.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a method of treating any one of the aforementioned disorders, diseases or conditions comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to the invention to a subject in need thereof, preferably to a human.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition which contains a physiologically acceptable carrier and at least one compound according to the invention.
  • the composition according to the invention is solid, liquid or pasty; and/or contains the compound according to the invention in an amount of from 0.001 to 99 wt. %, preferably from 1.0 to 70 wt. %, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • composition according to the invention can optionally contain suitable additives and/or auxiliary substances and/or optionally further active ingredients.
  • physiologically acceptable carriers examples include fillers, solvents, diluents, colorings and/or binders. These substances are known to the person skilled in the art (see H. P. Fiedler, Lexikon der Hilfsstoffe fur Pharmazie, Kosmetik and angrenzende füre, Editio Cantor Aulendoff).
  • the pharmaceutical composition according to the invention contains the compound according to the invention in an amount of preferably from 0.001 to 99 wt. %, more preferably from 0.1 to 90 wt. %, yet more preferably from 0.5 to 80 wt. %, most preferably from 1.0 to 70 wt. % and in particular from 2.5 to 60 wt. %, based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the pharmaceutical composition according to the invention is preferably for systemic, topical or local administration, preferably for oral administration.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical dosage form which contains the pharmaceutical composition according to the invention.
  • the pharmaceutical dosage form according to the invention is produced for administration twice daily, for administration once daily or for administration less frequently than once daily.
  • Administration is preferably systemic, in particular oral.
  • the pharmaceutical dosage form according to the invention can be administered, for example, as a liquid dosage form in the form of injection solutions, drops or juices, or as a semi-solid dosage form in the form of granules, tablets, pellets, patches, capsules, plasters/spray-on plasters or aerosols.
  • auxiliary substances etc. and the amounts thereof to be used depend on whether the form of administration is to be administered orally, perorally, parenterally, intravenously, intraperitoneally, intradermally, intramuscularly, intranasally, buccally, rectally or locally, for example to the skin, the mucosa or into the eyes.
  • compositions in the form of tablets, dragees, capsules, granules, drops, juices and syrups are suitable for oral administration, and solutions, suspensions, readily reconstitutable dry preparations and also sprays are suitable for parenteral, topical and inhalatory administration.
  • the amount of the compounds according to the invention to be administered to the patient varies in dependence on the weight of the patient, on the type of administration, on the indication and on the severity of the disease. Usually, from 0.00005 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg, preferably from 0.001 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, of at least one compound according to the invention is administered.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of the compounds according to the invention. Suitable processes for the synthesis of the compounds according to the invention are known in principle to the person skilled in the art.
  • the compounds according to the invention can be obtained via different synthesis routes. Depending on the synthesis route, different intermediates are prepared and subsequently further reacted.
  • the synthesis of the compounds according to the invention proceeds via a synthesis route which comprises the preparation of an intermediate according to general formula (IIIa):
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are defined as above.
  • the synthesis of the compounds according to the invention proceeds via a synthesis route which comprises the preparation of an intermediate according to general formula (IIIb):
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are defined as above and PG is a protecting group.
  • the protecting group is -p-methoxybenzyl. Therefore, in another preferred embodiment, the synthesis of the compounds according to the invention proceeds via a synthesis route which comprises the preparation of an intermediate according to general formula (IIIc):
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are defined as above.
  • the -p-methoxybenzyl moiety represents a protecting group which can be cleaved in the course of the synthesis route.
  • the synthesis of the compounds according to the invention proceeds via a synthesis route which comprises the preparation of
  • RT room temperature (23 ⁇ 7° C.)
  • M are indications of concentration in mol/l
  • aq.” means aqueous
  • anhydr.” means anhydrous
  • sat.” means saturated
  • sol.” means solution
  • conc.” means concentrated.
  • the mixing ratios of solvents or eluents for chromatography are specified in v/v.
  • CIS refers to the relative configuration of compounds described herein, in which both nitrogen atoms are drawn on the same face of the cyclohexane ring as described in the following exemplary structure. Two depictions are possible:
  • TRANS refers to compounds, in which both nitrogen atoms are on opposite faces of the cyclohexane ring as described in the following exemplary structure. Two depictions are possible:
  • Step 1 CIS-1-((1-(benzyloxy)cyclobutyl)methyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-8-(dimethylamino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 2 CIS-8-Dimethylamino-1-[(1-hydroxy-cyclobutyl)-methyl]-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 1 1-((CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-yl)methyl)cyclobutanecarbonitrile
  • Step 2 1-((CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-yl)methyl) cyclobutanecarboxamide
  • Step 3 1-((cis-8-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-yl)methyl)cyclobutane carbonitrile
  • reaction mixture was allowed to stir another 2 h at reflux, then cooled to RT, diluted with water (150 mL) and the layers partitioned. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 300 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over Na 2 SO 4 and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was filtered through a plug of silica gel using a DCM/MeOH (19/1 v/v) mixture.
  • Step 1 1-Cyclobutylmethyl-3-(4-methoxy-benzyl)-9,12-dioxa-1,3-diaza-dispiro[4.2.4.2]tetradecan-2-one
  • Step 2 1-Cyclobutylmethyl-3-(4-methoxy-benzyl)-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]decane-2,8-dione
  • Step 3 1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-8-(isobutyl(methyl)amino)-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-2-oxo-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carbonitrile
  • Step 4 CIS-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-8-(isobutyl(methyl)amino)-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 5 CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-(methyl-(2-methyl-propyl)-amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • KOtBu (57.0 g, 508.4 mmol) was added to the solution of 2-(pyridin-2-yl)acetonitrile (50.0 g, 423.7 mmol) and ethyl acrylate (89.0 g, 889.8 mmol) in THF (500 mL) at 0° C. and stirred for 16 h at RT. The reaction mixture was quenched with sat. aq. NH 4 Cl and extracted with EtOAc (2 ⁇ 500 mL).
  • Step 1 8-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carbonitrile
  • Step 3 methyl 8-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ylcarbamate
  • Step 1 8-(Dimethylamino)-1,4-dioxaspiro 4.5] decane-8-carbonitrile
  • Dimethylamine hydrochloride 52 g, 0.645 mol was added to the solution of 1,4-dioxaspiro-[4.5]-decan-8-one (35 g, 0.224 mmol) in MeOH (35 mL) at RT under argon atmosphere. The solution was stirred for 10 min and 40 wt % aq. dimethylamine (280 mL, 2.5 mol) and KCN (32 g, 0.492 mol) were sequentially added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 48 h at RT, then diluted with water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2 ⁇ 200 mL).
  • Step 1 9,12-Dioxa-2,4-diazadispiro[4.2.4 ⁇ 8 ⁇ .2 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ]tetradecane-1,3-dione
  • Step 2 2-[(4-Methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-9,12-dioxa-2,4-diazadispiro[4.2.4 ⁇ 8 ⁇ .2 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ] tetradecane-1,3-dione
  • Step 3 2-[(4-Methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-9,12-dioxa-2,4-diazadispiro[4.2.4 ⁇ 8 ⁇ .2 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ] tetradecan-3-one
  • Step 4 3-[(4-Methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,8-dione
  • Step 1 CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-1-isobutyl-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • CIS-8-Dimethylamino-8-[3-(methoxymethyloxy)-phenyl]-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-968) was converted into CIS-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-8-(dimethylamino)-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-8-(3-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl)-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one.
  • Step 2 CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-8-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 1 8-(dimethylamino)-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-2-oxo-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carbonitrile
  • Dimethylamine hydrochloride (76.4 g, 936.4 mmol) was added to a solution of 3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,8-dione (INT-966) (90 g, 312.13 mmol) in MeOH (180 mL) at RT under argon atmosphere. The solution was stirred for 15 min and 40 wt % aq. dimethylamine (780 mL) and KCN (48.76 g, 749.11 mmol) were sequentially added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 48 h and the completion of the reaction was monitored by NMR.
  • reaction mixture was diluted with water (1.0 L) and the organic product was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 ⁇ 2.0 L). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 90 g (85%) of 8-(dimethylamino)-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-2-oxo-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carbonitrile as an off white solid (TLC system: TLC system: 10% MeOH in DCM; Rf: 0.35, 0.30).
  • Step 2 CIS-8-Dimethylamino-8-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 1 8-(dimethylamino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4,5]decane-2,4-dione
  • Step 2 8-(dimethylamino)-8-phenyl-1, 3-diazaspiro [4, 5] decan-2-one
  • Step 3 CIS-8-Dimethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 1 CIS-2-[8-Dimethylamino-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5] decan-1-yl]-acetic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 2 cis-2-(8-Dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-yl)-acetic acid trifluoroacetic acid salt
  • CIS-2-[8-Dimethylamino-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5] decan-1-yl]-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 200 mg, 0.4 mmol was dissolved in TFA (5 mL) and heated to reflux overnight. After cooling to RT all volatiles are removed in vacuo. The residue was taken up in THF (1 mL) and added dropwise to diethyl ether (20 mL).
  • CIS-2-(8-Dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-1-yl)-acetic acid (INT-977) trifluoroacetic acid salt (119 mg, 0.35 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (5 mL). Triethylamine (0.21 mL, 1.6 mmol), dimethylamine (0.54 mL, 1.1 mmol) and T3P (0.63 mL, 1.1 mmol) were sequentially added. The reaction mixture was stirred at RT overnight, then diluted with 1 M aq. Na 2 CO 3 (5 mL).
  • Step 1 CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-((1-methylcyclobutyl)methyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 2 CIS-8-Dimethylamino-1-[(1-methyl-cyclobutyl)-methyl]-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 1 CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-1-isobutyl-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • CIS-8-Dimethylamino-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-975) was converted into CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-1-isobutyl-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro [4.5]decan-2-one.
  • Step 2 CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-(ethyl-methyl-amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • step 2 CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-1-isobutyl-3-(4-methoxybenzyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one was converted into CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-(ethyl-methyl-amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-984).
  • Step 1 CIS-3-benzyl-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-8-(methylamino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • N-Iodosuccinimide (3.11 g, 13.92 mmol) was added to the solution of CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-8-phenyl-3-[phenyl-methyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-950) (4 g, 9.28 mmol) in a mixture of acetonitrile and THF (1:1 v/v, 80 mL) and the resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was basified with 2N aq. NaOH to pH-10 and the organic product was extracted with DCM (3 ⁇ 10 mL).
  • Step 2 CIS-3-benzyl-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-8-(ethyl(methyl)amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro [4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 3 CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-(ethyl-methyl-amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-986)
  • step 2 CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-8-phenyl-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-952) was converted into CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-987).
  • Step 1 CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-1-[2-(1-methoxycyclobutyl)ethyl]-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 2 CIS-8-(dimethylamino)-1-(2-(1-methoxycyclobutyl)ethyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-988)
  • CIS-8-Dimethylamino-1-(2-methyl-propyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-241) (0.9 g, 2.73 mmol) was added to a solution of NaH (60 wt % in mineral oil, 1.64 g, 41.03 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) at RT. The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 15 min, then cooled to 0° C. and ethyl 2-bromoacetate (4.56 g, 27.35 mmol) was added dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 2 days. The reaction completion was monitored by TLC. The reaction mixture was quenched with water and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 1 ethyl 2-(cis-8-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3 yl)acetate
  • KOtBu (1M in THF) 54.90 mL, 54.95 mmol was added to a solution of CIS-8-dimethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-976) (10 g, 36.63 mmol) in THF (950 mL) under argon atmosphere at 0° C. and the reaction mixture was stirred for 15 min. A solution of ethyl bromoacetate (5.06 mL, 43.96 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was warmed up to RT and stirred for 48 h. The reaction completion was monitored by TLC.
  • Step 2 2-(cis-8-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl)acetic acid
  • Step 3 2-(cis-8-(dimethylamino)-1-((1-hydroxycyclobutyl)methyl)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl)acetic acid
  • Step 1 CIS-tert-butyl 2-[8-(dimethylamino)-1-[(1-methylcyclobutyl)methyl]-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl]acetate
  • CIS-8-Dimethylamino-1-[(1-methyl-cyclobutyl)-methyl]-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-982) (2.8 g, 7.9 mmol) was dissolved in THF (110 mL) and the solution was cooled to 0° C. Lithium diisopropylamide solution in THF/heptane/ethylbenzene (2M, 16 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min and t-butyl-bromoacetate was added dropwise at the same temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, water was added and the resulting mixture was extracted with DCM (3 ⁇ 250 mL).
  • Step 2 CIS-2-[8-Dimethylamino-1-[(1-methyl-cyclobutyl)-methyl]-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl]-acetic acid; 2,2,2-trifluoro-acetic acid salt
  • CIS-tert-butyl 2-[8-(dimethylamino)-1-[(1-methylcyclobutyl)methyl]-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]decan-3-yl]acetat (2250 mg, 4.8 mmol) was treated with TFA (18 mL) at RT. After stirring for 10 min, all volatiles were removed in vacuo.
  • Step 1 and step 2 ethyl-(8-phenyl-1,4-dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-amine hydrochloride (INT-1004)
  • Step 3 4-ethylamino-4-phenyl-cyclohexanone (INT-1005)
  • Step 4 mixture of CIS- and TRANS-8-ethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione (INT-1006 and INT-1007)
  • Step 5 CIS-8-ethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione (INT-1006)
  • the solid material was filtered off and washed with MeOH/DCM (1:5, 50 ml) to get 8-ethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione tartrate (7.5 g) as a white solid.
  • the solid was suspended in sat. aq. NaHCO 3 (pH-8) and the resulting mixture was extracted with 25% MeOH-DCM (2 ⁇ 800 ml). Combined organic extracts were washed with water (300 ml), brine (300 ml) and dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 .
  • Step 6 CIS-8-ethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-1008)
  • Step 1 tert-butyl CIS-2-(8-(dimethylamino)-1-((1-hydroxycyclobutyl)methyl)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl)acetate
  • Step 2 CIS-2-(8-(dimethylamino)-1-((1-hydroxycyclobutyl)methyl)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl)acetic acid hydrochloride
  • Step 1 tert-butyl CIS-2-(8-(dimethylamino)-2,4-dioxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl)acetate
  • Step 2 sodium CIS-2-(8-(dimethylamino)-1-((1-hydroxycyclobutyl)methyl)-2,4-dioxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl)acetate (INT-1020)
  • Titanium ethoxide (58.45 g, 256.4 mmol) was added to a solution of 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-one (20 g, 128.20 mmol) and 2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (15.51 g, 128.20 mmol) in THF (200 mL) at RT and the reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. and quenched by dropwise addition of sat. aq. NaHCO 3 (500 mL) over a period of 30 min. The organic product was extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 100 mL).
  • Step 2 2-methyl-N-(8-phenyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)propane-2-sulfinamide
  • Phenylmagnesium bromide (1M in THF, 116 mL, 116 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of 2-methyl-N-(1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ylidene)propane-2-sulfinamide (10 g, 38.61 mmol) in THF (500 mL) at ⁇ 10° C. under argon atmosphere. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at ⁇ 10° C. to 0° C. The reaction completion was monitored by TLC. The reaction mixture was quenched with sat. aq. NH 4 Cl (50 mL) at 0° C. and the organic product was extracted with EtOAc (3 ⁇ 100 mL).
  • Step 4 8-phenyl-N-((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-amine
  • Step 5 N-methyl-8-phenyl-N-((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-amine)
  • Step 6 4-(methyl((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)amino)-4-phenylcyclohexanone
  • Step 7 8-(methyl((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione
  • Step 8 CIS-8-(methyl((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione
  • Diastereomeric mixture of 8-(methyl((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione (1.0 g) was separated by reverse phase preparative HPLC to afford 400 mg of isomer 1 (CIS-8-(methyl((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione) and 60 mg of isomer 2 (TRANS-8-(methyl((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione) and 300 mg of mixture of both isomers.
  • Reverse phase preparative HPLC conditions mobile phase: 10 mM ammonium bicarbonate in H 2 O/acetonitrile, column: X-BRIDGE-C18 (150*30), 5 ⁇ m, gradient (T/B %): 0/35, 8/55, 8.1/98, 10/98, 10.1/35, 13/35, flow rate: 25 ml/min, diluent: mobile phase+THF.
  • Step 9 CIS-8-(methyl((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)methyl)amino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-1026)
  • Step 1 CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-8-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-[(4-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 2 CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-8-(3-fluorophenyl)-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 1 CIS-[8-dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethyl)-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-3-yl]-acetic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 2 CIS-[8-dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethyl)-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-3-yl]-acetic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 3 CIS-[8-methylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1-(2-trimethylsilanyl-ethoxymethyl)-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-3-yl]-acetic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 4 CIS-(8-methylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-3-yl)-acetic acid (INT-1034)
  • Step 1 CIS-(8-dimethylamino-1-oxetan-3-ylmethyl-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-3-yl)-acetic acid oxetan-3-ylmethyl ester
  • Step 1 CIS-(8-dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-3-yl)-acetic acid tert-butyl ester (INT-1033) was converted into CIS-(8-dimethylamino-1-oxetan-3-ylmethyl-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-3-yl)-acetic acid oxetan-3-ylmethyl ester.
  • Step 2 CIS-(8-dimethylamino-1-oxetan-3-ylmethyl-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]dec-3-yl)-acetic acid (INT-1035)
  • Step 1 9,12-dioxa-2,4-diazadispiro[4.2.4 ⁇ 8 ⁇ .2 ⁇ 5 ⁇ ]tetradecan-3-one
  • Lithiumaluminiumhydride (2.2 equiv., 292 mmol) was suspended in THF (400 mL) and the suspension was cooled to 0° C.
  • 8-(Dimethylamino)-8-(m-tolyl)-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (B, 75 mg, 0,261 mmol) (step 1 of INT-965) was added portionwise at 0° C.
  • the reaction mixture was stirred 1.5 h at 0° C., then overnight at RT and then 2 h at 40° C.
  • the reaction mixture was cooled down to 0° C., quenched carefully with sat. aq.
  • Step 3 8-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carbonitrile (INT-1037)
  • Step 1 TRANS-8-(dimethylamino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione
  • Step 2 TRANS-8-(dimethylamino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-1059)
  • TRANS-8-dimethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione was treated with LiAlH 4 to be converted into TRANS-8-(dimethylamino)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-1059). Mass: m/z 274.2 (M+H) + .
  • Step 3 1-aminomethyl-N′,N′-dimethyl-4-phenyl-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine
  • Step 4 CIS- and TRANS-8-dimethylamino-8-phenyl-1-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethyl)-1,3-diaza-spiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-1068 and INT-1069)
  • HPLC: 98.53%, Column: Xbridge C-18 (100 ⁇ 4.6), 5 ⁇ , Diluent: MeOH, Mobile phase: A) 0.05% TFA in water; B) ACN flow rate: 1 ml/min, R t 5.17 min.
  • CIS-2-[1-(cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl]-acetamide (SC_1195) (50 mg, 0.1255 mmol), 4-bromopyrimidine-2-carbonitrile (0.1882 mmol), 4,5-XantPhos (0.0188 mmol), Cs 2 CO 3 (0.2509 mmol) and Pd 2 (dba) 3 (0.0063 mmol) were dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (6 mL). The reaction mixture was degassed by three consecutive vacuum/nitrogen-refill cycles and then stirred at 90° C. for 18 h.
  • reaction mixture was warmed to RT and stirred for 4 h.
  • the reaction mixture was quenched with water and the organic product was extracted with DCM (3 ⁇ 20 mL).
  • the combined organic layer was washed with sat. aq. NaHCO 3 (10 mL), brine (10 mL) and dried over anhydr.
  • CIS-1-(Cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-987) (0.2 g, 0.57 mmol) was added to a solution of NaH (60% in mineral oil) (0.15 g, 3.47 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) at RT and the reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° C. and 2-bromo-N-methylacetamide (0.52 g, 3.47 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added dropwise. the resulting mixture was stirred for 30 min at 0° C. and then at RT for 16 h.
  • N-Iodosuccinimide (71.8 mg, 0.31 9 mmol) was added to a solution of CIS-2-[8-dimethylamino-1-[(1-hydroxy-cyclobutyl)-methyl]-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl]-N-(oxetan-3-yl)-acetamide (SC_1301) (100 mg, 0.213 mmol) in a mixture of acetonitrile and THF (1:1 v/v, 5 mL) at 0° C. and the resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 16 h.
  • the reaction mixture was basified with 2N NaOH solution to pH-10 and the organic product was extracted with ethyl acetate (10 mL ⁇ 3). The combined organic extracts were dried over anhydr. Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the resulting crude product was purified by preparative reverse phase HPLC to give 50 mg of the desired product as a formiate.
  • the isolated product was diluted with water (5 mL) and basified with sat. aq. NaHCO 3 .
  • the product was extracted with EtOAc (10 mL ⁇ 2), combined organic layer was dried over anhydr.
  • KOtBu (187 mg, 1.67 mmol) was added to a solution of CIS-1-(cyclobutyl-methyl)-8-dimethylamino-8-(3-fluorophenyl)-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one (INT-1031) (400 mg, 1.1 mmol) in dry THF (9 mL) at 0° C. The mixture was stirred for 15 min at this temperature and t-butyl-bromoacetate (0.246 mL, 1.67 mmol) was added subsequently. After stirring for 1 h at 0° C., the reaction was quenched with water, diluted with EtOAc and stirred for 5 min at RT.
  • SC-1357 TRANS-1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-8-(dimethylamino)-3-(2-morpholino-2-oxoethyl)-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one
  • Step 1 tert-butyl TRANS-2-(1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-8-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl)acetate
  • Step 2 TRANS-2-(1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-8-(dimethylamino)-2-oxo-8-phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3-yl)acetamide (INT-1363)
  • SC_1324 CIS-2-(8-Dimethylamino-2-oxo-8- INT-1014 procedure — 331.2 phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3- described yl)-acetamide
  • SC_1334 CIS-2-(8-Dimethylamino-2,4-dioxo-8- INT-1018 2-Bromo-N- SC_1332 1 HNMR (DMSO-d6): ⁇ 10.19 (s, 1H), 8.80 (br s,1H ), 7.52- 421.2 phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3- phenylacet- 7.520 (d, 2H), 7.42-7.34 (m, 4H), 7.31-7.27 (m, 3H), 7.06-7.02 yl)-N-phenyl-acetamide amide (t, 1H), 4.11 (s, 2H), 2.49-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.03-1.93 (m, 8H), 1.71- 1.68 (m, 2H), 1.60-1.54 (m, 2H).
  • SC_1338 CIS-2-(8-Dimethylamino-2-oxo-8- INT-976 2-bromo-N- SC_1332 1 H NMR (DMSO-d6): ⁇ 7.78 (t, 1H), 7.37-7.23 (m, 5H), 6.89 (br 521.3 phenyl-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-3- (2,5,8,11- s, 1H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 3.49-3.47 (m, 10H), 3.43-3.37 (m, 4H), yl)-N-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)- tetraoxatridecan- 3.22-3.17 (m, 5H), 3.08 (s, 2H), 2.30 (br m, 2H), 1.92-1.74 (m, ethoxy]-ethoxy]-ethyl]-acetamide 13- 10H), 1.38 (br m, 2H).
  • hMOP human mu-opioid receptor
  • hKOP human kappa-opioid receptor
  • hDOP human delta-opioid receptor
  • hNOP human nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptor
  • the hMOP receptor binding assay was performed as homogeneous SPA-assay (scintillation proximity assay) using the assay buffer 50 mM TRIS-HCl (pH 7.4) supplemented with 0.052 mg/ml bovine serum albumin (Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, Mo.).
  • the final assay volume 250 ⁇ l/well included 1 nM of [N-allyl-2,3- 3 H]naloxone as ligand (PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Inc. Boston, Mass., USA), and either test compound in dilution series or 25 ⁇ M unlabelled naloxone for determination of unspecific binding.
  • the test compound was diluted with 25% DMSO in H 2 O to yield a final 0.5% DMSO concentration, which also served as a respective vehicle control.
  • the assay was started by adding wheat germ agglutinin coated SPA beads (GE Healthcare UK Ltd., Buckinghamshire, UK) which had been preloaded with hMOP receptor membranes (PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Inc. Boston, Mass., USA). After incubation for 90 minutes at RT and centrifugation for 20 minutes at 500 rpm the signal rate was measured by means of a 1450 Microbeta Trilux ⁇ -counter (PerkinElmer Life Sciences/Wallac, Turku, Finland). Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values reflecting 50% displacement of [ 3 H]naloxone-specific receptor binding were calculated by nonlinear regression analysis and Ki values were calculated by using the Cheng-Prusoff equation, (Cheng and Prusoff, 1973).
  • the hKOP receptor binding assay is run as homogeneous SPA-assay (scintillation proximity assay) using the assay buffer 50 mM TRIS-HCl (pH 7.4) supplemented with 0.076 mg BSA/ml.
  • the final assay volume of 250 ⁇ l per well includes 2 nM of [ 3 H]U69,593 as ligand, and either test compound in dilution series or 100 ⁇ M unlabelled naloxone for determination of unspecific binding.
  • the test compound is diluted with 25% DMSO in H 2 O to yield a final 0.5% DMSO concentration which serves as respective vehicle control, as well.
  • the assays are started by the addition of wheat germ agglutinin coated SPA beads (1 mg SPA beads/250 ⁇ l final assay volume per well) which has been preloaded for 15 minutes at room temperature with hKOP receptor membranes (14.8 ⁇ g/250 ⁇ l final assay volume per well). After short mixing on a mini-shaker, the microtiter plates are covered with a lid and the assay plates are incubated for 90 minutes at room temperature. After this incubation, the microtiter plates are sealed with a topseal and centrifuged for 20 minutes at 500 rpm.
  • the signal rate is measured after a short delay of 5 minutes by means of a 1450 Microbeta Trilux ⁇ -counter (PerkinElmer Life Sciences/Wallac, Turku, Finland).
  • Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values reflecting 50% displacement of [ 3 H]U69.593-specific receptor binding are calculated by nonlinear regression analysis and Ki values are calculated by using the Cheng-Prusoff equation, (Cheng and Prusoff, 1973).
  • the hDOP receptor binding assay is performed as homogeneous SPA-assay using the assay buffer 50 mM TRIS-HCl, 5 mM MgCl 2 (pH 7.4).
  • the final assay volume (250 ⁇ l/well) includes 1 nM of [Tyrosyl-3,5- 3 H]2-D-Ala-deltorphin II as ligand, and either test compound in dilution series or 10 ⁇ M unlabelled naloxone for determination of unspecific binding.
  • the test compound is diluted with 25% DMSO in H 2 O to yield a final 0.5% DMSO concentration which serves as respective vehicle control, as well.
  • the assays are started by the addition of wheat germ agglutinin coated SPA beads (1 mg SPA beads/250 ⁇ l final assay volume per well) which has been preloaded for 15 minutes at room temperature with hDOP receptor membranes (15.2 ⁇ g/250 ⁇ l final assay volume per well). After short mixing on a mini-shaker, the microtiter plates are covered with a lid and the assay plates are incubated for 120 minutes at room temperature and centrifuged for 20 minutes at 500 rpm. The signal rate is measured by means of a 1450 Microbeta Trilux 1-counter (PerkinElmer Life Sciences/Wallac, Turku, Finland).
  • IC50 Half-maximal inhibitory concentration
  • the hNOP receptor binding assay was performed as homogeneous SPA-assay (scintillation proximity assay) using the assay buffer 50 mM TRIS-HCl, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EDTA (pH 7.4).
  • the final assay volume (250 l/well) included 0.5 nM of [leucyl- 3 H]nociceptin as ligand (PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Inc. Boston, Mass., USA), and either test compound in dilution series or 1 M unlabelled nociceptin for determination of unspecific binding.
  • the test compound was diluted with 25% DMSO in H 2 O to yield a final 0.5% DMSO concentration, which also served as a respective vehicle control.
  • the assay was started by adding wheat germ agglutinin coated SPA beads (GE Healthcare UK Ltd., Buckinghamshire, UK) which had been preloaded with hMOP receptor membranes (PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Inc. Boston, Mass., USA). After incubation for 60 minutes at RT and centrifugation for 20 minutes at 500 rpm the signal rate was measured by means of a 1450 Microbeta Trilux 1-counter (PerkinElmer Life Sciences/Wallac, Turku, Finland). Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values reflecting 50% displacement of [ 3 H]nociceptin-specific receptor binding were calculated by nonlinear regression analysis and Ki values were calculated by using the Cheng-Prusoff equation, (Cheng and Prusoff, 1973).
  • the [ 35 S]GTP ⁇ S assays are carried out essentially as described by Gillen et al (2000). They are run as homogeneous scintillation proximity (SPA) assays in microtiter luminescence plates, where each well contains 1.5 mg of WGA-coated SPA-beads.
  • SPA scintillation proximity
  • hNOP hMOP
  • hDOP hKOP receptor expressing cell membranes from CHO-K1 or HEK293 cells
  • 10 or 5 ⁇ g membrane protein per assay are incubated with 0.4 nM [ 35 S]GTP ⁇ S and serial concentrations of receptor-specific agonists in buffer containing 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 1.28 mM NaN 3 , and 10 ⁇ M GDP for 45 min at room temperature.
  • microtiter plates are then centrifuged for 10 min at 830 to sediment the SPA beads.
  • the microtiter plates are sealed and the bound radioactivity [cpm] is determined after a delay of 15 min by means of a 1450 Microbeta Trilux (PerkinElmer, Waltham, Mass.).
  • the unstimulated basal binding activity (UBS obs [cpm]) is determined from 12 unstimulated incubates and is set as 100% basal binding.
  • the arithmetic mean of the observed total [ 35 S]GTP ⁇ S binding (TB obs [cpm]) of all incubates (duplicates) stimulated by the receptor-specific agonists i.e. N/OFQ, SNC80, DAMGO, or U69,593
  • TB obs [%] percent total binding relative to the basal binding activity (i.e. 100% binding).
  • the potency (EC 50 ) of the respective agonist and its maximal achievable total [ 35 S]GTP ⁇ S binding (TB calc [%]) above its calculated basal binding (UBS calc [%]) are determined from its transformed data (TB obs [%]) by means of nonlinear regression analysis with XLfit for each individual concentration series. Then the difference between the calculated unstimulated [ 35 S]GTP ⁇ S binding (UBS calc [%]) and the maximal achievable total [ 35 S]GTP ⁇ S binding (TB calc [%]) by each tested agonist is determined (i.e. Bl calc [%]).
  • the percentage efficacies of test compounds at the hDOP, hMOP, or hKOP receptor are determined versus the calculated maximal enhancement of [ 35 S]GTP ⁇ S binding by the full agonists SNC80 (Bl calc-SNC80 [%]), DAMGO (Bl calc-DAMGO [%]) and U69,593 (Bl calc-U69,593 [%]) which are set as 100% relative efficacy at each receptor, respectively.

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US16/454,489 US10807989B2 (en) 2016-01-13 2019-06-27 3-(carboxymethyl)-8-amino-2-oxo-1,3-diaza-spiro-[4.5]-decane derivatives
US17/007,557 US20200399280A1 (en) 2016-01-13 2020-08-31 3-(Carboxymethyl)-8-Amino-2-Oxo-1,3-Diaza-Spiro-[4.5]-Decane Derivatives
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US10793556B2 (en) 2016-01-13 2020-10-06 Gruenenthal Gmbh 8-amino-2-oxo-1,3-diaza-spiro-[4.5]-decane derivatives
US10793528B2 (en) 2016-01-13 2020-10-06 Grünenthal GmbH 3-((hetero-)aryl)-8-amino-2-oxo-1,3-diaza-spiro-[4.5]-decane derivatives
US10807988B2 (en) 2016-01-13 2020-10-20 Grünenthal GmbH 3-((hetero-)aryl)-8-amino-2-oxo-1,3-diaza-spiro-[4.5]-decane derivatives
US10807989B2 (en) 2016-01-13 2020-10-20 Grünenthal GmbH 3-(carboxymethyl)-8-amino-2-oxo-1,3-diaza-spiro-[4.5]-decane derivatives
US10829480B2 (en) 2016-01-13 2020-11-10 Gruenenthal Gmbh 3-((hetero-)aryl)-alkyl-8-amino-2-oxo-l,3-diaza-spiro-[4.5]-decane derivatives

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