Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
  • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
  • A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
  • A61L15/28—Polysaccharides or their derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
  • C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
  • C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
  • C08B37/0009—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid alpha-D-Glucans, e.g. polydextrose, alternan, glycogen; (alpha-1,4)(alpha-1,6)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)(alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. isolichenan or nigeran; (alpha-1,4)-D-Glucans; (alpha-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. pseudonigeran; Derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
  • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
  • D21H13/02—Synthetic cellulose fibres
  • D21H13/08—Synthetic cellulose fibres from regenerated cellulose
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
  • D04H1/28—Regenerated cellulose series
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/013—Regenerated cellulose series

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for the production of polysaccharide fibers which contain ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan as a fiber-forming material, as well as to the fibers made thereby, and to their use.
• Polysaccharides are becoming increasingly important, as they are materials that can be obtained from renewable raw materials.
• One of the most frequently occurring polysaccharides is cellulose.
• Cotton fibers, which consist almost exclusively of cellulose, are an example of the significance of polysaccharides.
• materials obtained from other cellulosic raw materials e.g., cellulosic synthetic fibers, are continuing to gain in importance.
• viscose fibers and “modal fibers” were assigned by BISFA (the International Bureau for the Standardization of Man-made Fibers) to cellulose fibers produced through chemical derivatization of cellulose with the help of an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and carbon disulfide (CS 2 ).
• BISFA the International Bureau for the Standardization of Man-made Fibers
• modal fiber is a generic term which, as defined by BISFA, stands for a cellulose fiber having a defined high wet strength and an also defined high wet modulus (i.e., the force required to produce an elongation of the fiber of 5% in its wet state).
• CS2 has 2 essential functions:
• colloid-chemical coagulation of the sodium cellulose xanthogenate
• chemical decomposition of the xanthogenate into hydrate cellulose
• viscose process Compared to the new resource-sparing and environmentally friendly lyocell process, the viscose process has a serious disadvantage: the use of large quantities of CS 2 and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. This problem exists to an even greater degree in the production of modal fibers.
• viscose process and viscose fiber are used to cover all viscose processes and variations thereof, including the modal process, as well as the fibers produced thereby.
• the cellulosic raw material that has been used so far in the viscose process is pulp obtained primarily from wood.
• pulp obtained primarily from wood Despite numerous studies, it has yet not been possible to develop a viscose-technology-based method that would allow to significantly reduce the use of CS 2 and NaOH, respectively.
• U.S. Pat. No. 7,000,000 describes fibers obtained by spinning a solution of polysaccharides which substantially consist of repeating hexose units linked via ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glycosidic bonds.
• These polysaccharides can be produced by bringing an aqueous solution of saccharose into contact with glucosyltransferase (GtfJ), isolated from Streptococcus salivarius (Simpson et al., Microbiology, vol. 41, pp 1451-1460 (1995)).
• GtfJ glucosyltransferase
• substantially means that within the polysaccharide chains there may exist occasional defective locations where other bond configurations may occur.
• these polysaccharides shall be referred to as “ ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan”.
• U.S. Pat. No. 7,000,000 first discloses possibilities for the enzymatic production of ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan from monosaccharides.
• relatively short-chained polysaccharides can be produced without the loss of monomer units, as the polymer chains are built from the monomer units.
• the production of ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan keeps getting less expensive the shorter the polymer chains are, as in that case only a short residence time in the reactors will be required.
• the ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan is to be derivatized, preferably acetylated.
• the solvent is an organic acid, an organic halogen compound, a fluorinated alcohol, or a mixture of such components. These solvents are costly and complex to regenerate.
• WO 2013/052730 A1 discloses fibers that have ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan as a fiber-forming substance and are produced by spinning according to the so-called amine-oxide process using NMMO as a solvent.
• the amine-oxide process is designed in a way that is fundamentally different from the viscose or modal processes and requires an entirely different production plant. A viscose production plant cannot be converted for the amine-oxide process just by simple modifications.
• the object was therefore to provide an alternative method for the production of a polysaccharide fiber, which renders it possible to significantly reduce the used quantities of CS 2 and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution per fiber unit produced.
• the above described object is solved by a new method for the production of a polysaccharide fiber whose fiber-forming substance is ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan, the method being a modified viscose process.
• This process in the course of which small quantities of CS 2 are added to an ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan-containing sodium hydroxide solution, can be used to produce a viscose-like fiber.
• 30% of CS 2 related to the fiber-forming substance, are used, preferably less than 25% of CS 2 , and more preferably less than 15% of CS 2 .
• a quantity between 5 and 30% by weight of CS 2 , calculated relative to the fiber-forming material, is used, more preferably between 5 and 25%, and most preferably between 5 and 15%.
• a fiber shall also be referred to as a viscose fiber even though, instead of cellulose, it contains another fiber-forming polysaccharide, namely, said ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan.
• the concentration of NaOH in the spinning solution is to be between 4.0 and 5.5% by weight, calculated relative to the total quantity of the spinning solution. Outside this range, the solubility of the glucan is not sufficient.
• fiber shall comprise both staple fibers having a defined staple length and continuous filaments. All principles of the invention that are described hereinafter generally apply to both staple fibers and continuous filaments.
• the single fiber titer of the inventive fibers can be between 0.1 and 10 dtex. Preferably, it is between 0.5 and 6.5 dtex, and more preferably between 0.9 and 6.0 dtex.
• the staple length is usually between 0.5 and 120 mm, preferably between 20 and 70 mm, and more preferably between 35 and 60 mm.
• the number of individual filaments in the filament yarn is between 50 and 10,000, preferably between 50 and 3,000.
• the ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan can be prepared by bringing an aqueous solution of saccharose into contact with glucosyltransferase (GtfJ) isolated from Streptococcus salivarius (Simpson et al., Microbiology, vol. 41, pp 1451-1460 (1995)).
• GtfJ glucosyltransferase isolated from Streptococcus salivarius
• At least 90% of the ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan are hexose units and at least 50% of the hexose units are linked via ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glycosidic bonds.
• the method for the production of the inventive fiber consists of the following steps:
• the concentration of the fiber-forming substance in the spinning solution can be between 4 and 18% by weight, preferably it is between 4.5 and 15% by weight.
• the degree of polymerization of the ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3) glucan employed in the method according to the invention can be between 200 and 2000; values between 500 and 1000 are preferred.
• a viscose or modal fiber that contains cellulose and ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan is also the subject-matter of the present invention.
• At least 90% of the ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan of the inventive viscose fiber are hexose units and at least 50% of the hexose units are linked via ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glycosidic bonds.
• inventive fibers for the production of various dry-laid and wet-laid papers, nonwovens, hygiene articles such as tampons, panty liners, and diapers, and other nonwovens, especially absorbent nonwoven products, but also of textile products such as yams, woven fabrics, or knitted fabrics is also the subject-matter of the present invention.
• the degree of polymerization of the ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucans was determined by means of GPC in DMAc/LiCl. Subsequently, it is always the weight average of the degree of polymerization (DP w ) that is specified.
• aqueous glucan solution containing 9.1% of ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan with a DP w of 800 as well as 4.5% by weight of NaOH was reacted with 7.5% of CS 2 (percent by weight calculated relative to the fiber-forming material).
• the viscose obtained in this way contained 9% by weight of fiber-forming material, 4.5% by weight of NaOH, and 0.57% by weight of sulfur.
• the solution was extruded into a regeneration bath containing 100 g/l of sulfuric acid, 330 g/l of sodium sulfate, and 35 g/l of zinc sulfate.
• the spinneret had 1053 perforations with a diameter of 50 ⁇ m.
• aqueous glucan solution containing 11% of ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan with a DP w of 1000 as well as 4.8% by weight of NaOH was reacted with 15% of CS 2 (percent by weight calculated relative to the fiber-forming material).
• the viscose obtained in this way contained 10.8% by weight of fiber-forming material, 4.7% by weight of NaOH, and 1.37% by weight of sulfur.
• the solution was extruded into a regeneration bath containing 100 g/l of sulfuric acid, 330 g/l of sodium sulfate, and 45 g/l of zinc sulfate.
• the spinneret had 1053 perforations with a diameter of 50 ⁇ m.
• aqueous glucan solution containing 12.5% of ⁇ (1 ⁇ 3)-glucan with a DP W of 800 as well as 4.4% by weight of NaOH was reacted with 12% of CS 2 (percent by weight calculated relative to the fiber-forming material).
• the viscose obtained in this way contained 12.3% by weight of fiber-forming material, 4.3% by weight of NaOH, and 1.24% by weight of sulfur.
• the solution was extruded into a regeneration bath containing 90 g/l of sulfuric acid, 330 g/l of sodium sulfate, and 45 g/l of zinc sulfate.
• the spinneret had 1053 perforations with a diameter of 50 um.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

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• 2013
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