US20150275871A1 - Variable displacement swash plate type compressor - Google Patents

Variable displacement swash plate type compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150275871A1
US20150275871A1 US14/633,371 US201514633371A US2015275871A1 US 20150275871 A1 US20150275871 A1 US 20150275871A1 US 201514633371 A US201514633371 A US 201514633371A US 2015275871 A1 US2015275871 A1 US 2015275871A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
swash plate
drive shaft
chamber
abutment position
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/633,371
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English (en)
Inventor
Shinya Yamamoto
Kengo SAKAKIBARA
Yusuke Yamazaki
Hiroyuki Nakaima
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Toyota Industries Corp
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Toyota Industries Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Industries Corp filed Critical Toyota Industries Corp
Assigned to KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOYOTA JIDOSHOKKI reassignment KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOYOTA JIDOSHOKKI ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Sakakibara, Kengo, YAMAZAKI, YUSUKE, NAKAIMA, HIROYUKI, YAMAMOTO, SHINYA
Publication of US20150275871A1 publication Critical patent/US20150275871A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/14—Control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/14—Control
    • F04B27/16—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/18—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/0873—Component parts, e.g. sealings; Manufacturing or assembly thereof
    • F04B27/0878—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/1054—Actuating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/1054—Actuating elements
    • F04B27/1072—Pivot mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/14—Control
    • F04B27/16—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/18—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F04B27/1804—Controlled by crankcase pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/121—Casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/14—Control
    • F04B27/16—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/18—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F04B27/1804—Controlled by crankcase pressure
    • F04B2027/1809—Controlled pressure
    • F04B2027/1813—Crankcase pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/14—Control
    • F04B27/16—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/18—Control of pumps with stationary cylinders by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
    • F04B27/1804—Controlled by crankcase pressure
    • F04B2027/1886—Open (not controlling) fluid passage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a variable displacement swash plate type compressor.
  • Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-105384 discloses a conventional variable displacement swash plate type compressor (hereinafter, described as a compressor).
  • a compressor suction chambers, discharge chambers, a swash plate chamber, center bores and a plurality of cylinder bores are formed in a housing.
  • a drive shaft is rotatably supported in the housing.
  • a swash plate chamber In the swash plate chamber, a swash plate that is rotatable by rotation of the drive shaft is provided.
  • a link mechanism is provided between the drive shaft and the swash plate. The link mechanism allows change of an inclination angle of the swash plate.
  • the inclination angle refers to an angle of the swash plate to the direction orthogonal to a drive shaft axis of the drive shaft.
  • pistons are accommodated reciprocally. Shoes that are made a pair for each of the pistons cause the respective pistons to reciprocate in the cylinder bores at a stroke corresponding to the inclination angle by rotation of the swash plate, as a conversion mechanism.
  • An actuator changes the inclination angle.
  • a control mechanism controls the actuator.
  • the link mechanism has a lug member, a first swash plate arm and a second swash plate arm.
  • the lug member is fixed to the drive shaft, and is located at a front side in the swash plate chamber to face the swash plate.
  • the first swash plate arm is provided at a front surface of the swash plate, and extends to a front part of the swash plate chamber.
  • the first swash plate arm is pivotably connected to the lug member, and rotation of the drive shaft is transmitted to the first swash plate arm from the lug member.
  • the second swash plate arm is provided at a rear surface of the swash plate, and extends to a rear part of the swash plate chamber.
  • a guided surface is formed on the second swash plate arm. The guided surface is formed into a cylindrical shape.
  • the actuator is disposed at a rear side from the swash plate.
  • the actuator has a first movable body, a second movable body and a control pressure chamber.
  • the first movable body and the second movable body have the drive shaft inserted therethrough while the first movable body and the second movable body are aligned in an axial direction and are movable in a drive shaft axis direction.
  • the first movable body is located in the center bore.
  • the second movable body is provided with a flat guide surface which inclines at a fixed angle toward the swash plate side. The guide surface and the guided surface are in linear contact with each other.
  • the control pressure chamber moves the first movable body and the second movable body by an internal pressure.
  • the control mechanism introduces a refrigerant in the discharge chamber into the control pressure chamber, and thereby increases the pressure in the control pressure chamber.
  • the first movable body moves in the drive shaft axis direction in the center bore, and moves the second movable body to the front side of the swash plate chamber in the drive shaft axis direction. Therefore, the guided surface slides on the guide surface in a direction to be away from the drive shaft axis. Further, the first swash plate arm pivots with respect to the lug member. In this manner, in the compressor, the inclination angle of the swash plate increases, and a discharge capacity per one rotation of the drive shaft increases.
  • the guided surface slides on the guide surface, and thereby change of the inclination angle of the swash plate is allowed.
  • a compression load acts on the guide surface through the guided surface.
  • the compression load has a component that causes the guide surface and the guided surface to slide in a direction to increase the inclination angle (hereinafter, the component will be called a capacity increasing component).
  • the capacity increasing component can be made large, and therefore a maximum discharge capacity is easily kept.
  • the contact angle of the guide surface and the guided surface is made small, the capacity increasing component can be made small, and therefore, a minimum discharge capacity is easily kept.
  • the guide surface is formed to be flat. Because of this, the guided surface slides on the guided surface while always keeping a fixed contact angle. Therefore, in the compressor, the maximum discharge capacity is difficult to keep, and the minimum discharge capacity is also difficult to keep.
  • the present invention is made in the light of the above described conventional circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a variable displacement swash plate type compressor capable of favorably keeping a maximum discharge capacity and also capable of favorably keeping a minimum discharge capacity, in a compressor that changes a discharge capacity by an actuator.
  • a variable displacement swash plate type compressor of the present invention comprises a housing in which a suction chamber, a discharge chamber, a swash plate chamber and a cylinder bore are formed, a drive shaft that is rotatably supported by the housing, a swash plate rotatable in the swash plate chamber by rotation of the drive shaft, a link mechanism that is provided between the drive shaft and the swash plate and allows change of an inclination angle of the swash plate to a direction orthogonal to a drive shaft axis of the drive shaft, a piston that is accommodated in the cylinder bore to be capable of reciprocating, a conversion mechanism that causes the piston to reciprocate in the cylinder bore at a stroke corresponding to the inclination angle by rotation of the swash plate, an actuator capable of changing the inclination angle, and a control mechanism that controls the actuator,
  • the link mechanism has a lug member that is provided on the drive shaft in the swash plate chamber and faces the swash plate, and a swash plate arm to which rotation of the drive shaft is transmitted from the lug member,
  • the actuator has the lug member, a movable body that is disposed between the lug member and the swash plate and is movable in a direction of the drive shaft axis, and a control pressure chamber that is provided between the lug member and the movable body and moves the movable body by an internal pressure, and
  • the guide surface is formed such that a portion thereof between a first abutment position, where the guided surface abuts on the guide surface when the inclination angle is maximum, and a second abutment position, where the guided surface abuts on the guide surface when the inclination angle is minimum, is convex toward the guided surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view at a time of a maximum capacity in a compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a control mechanism, according to the compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top view showing a link mechanism and the like, according to the compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is an essential part enlarged sectional view showing a lug plate, a movable body and the like, according to the compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view at a time of a minimum capacity in the compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state in which a guided surface abuts on a guide surface, and slides from a first abutment position to a second abutment position while being guided, according to the compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic view showing a contact angle in a first abutment position of the guide surface and the guided surface, according to the compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic view showing a contact angle in a second abutment position of the guide surface and the guided surface, according to the compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing a change ratio of a capacity increasing component, based on a change in a contact angle and a change in a variable differential pressure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a state in which a guided surface abuts on a guide surface and slides from a first abutment position to a second abutment position while being guided, according to a compressor of Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a contact angle of a guide surface and a guided surface, according to a compressor of a comparative example.
  • Embodiments 1 and 2 embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • Compressors in Embodiments 1 and 2 are variable displacement single head swash plate type compressors. These compressors are both mounted on vehicles, and configure refrigeration circuits of vehicle air-conditioning apparatuses.
  • a compressor of Embodiment 1 includes a housing 1 , a drive shaft 3 , a swash plate 5 , a link mechanism 7 , a plurality of pistons 9 , a pair of shoes 11 a and 11 b , an actuator 13 , and a control mechanism 15 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the housing 1 has a front housing 17 that is located at a front part of the compressor, a rear housing 19 that is located at a rear part of the compressor, a cylinder block 21 that is located between the front housing 17 and the rear housing 19 , and a valve formation plate 23 .
  • the front housing 17 has a front wall 17 a that extends in an up and down direction of the compressor in the front part, and a circumferential wall 17 b that is integrated with the front wall 17 a and extends toward the rear part from the front part of the compressor.
  • the front housing 17 forms a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom.
  • a swash plate chamber 25 is formed in the front housing 17 .
  • a boss 17 c that protrudes forward is formed in the front wall 17 a .
  • a shaft seal device 27 is provided in the boss 17 c .
  • a first shaft hole 17 d that extends in a longitudinal direction of the compressor is formed in the boss 17 d .
  • a first sliding bearing 29 a is provided in the first shaft hole 17 d .
  • an inlet port 250 that communicates with the swash plate chamber 25 is formed.
  • the swash plate chamber 25 is connected to an evaporator not illustrated. Thereby, a low pressure refrigerant gas that has passed through the evaporator flows into the swash plate chamber 25 through the inlet port 250 . Therefore, a pressure in the swash plate chamber 25 is lower than a pressure in a discharge chamber 35 that will be described later.
  • a part of the control mechanism 15 is provided in the rear housing 19 . Further, in the rear housing 19 , a first pressure regulation chamber 31 a , a suction chamber 33 and a discharge chamber 35 are formed.
  • the first pressure regulation chamber 31 a is located in a center portion of the rear housing 19 .
  • the discharge chamber 35 is located annularly at an outer circumferential side of the rear housing 19 .
  • the suction chamber 33 is formed annularly between the first pressure regulation chamber 31 a and the discharge chamber 35 , in the rear housing 19 .
  • the discharge chamber 35 is connected to an outlet port not illustrated.
  • cylinder bores 21 a In the cylinder block 21 , cylinder bores 21 a , the number of which is the same as the number of the pistons 9 , are formed in a circumferential direction at equiangular intervals. Front end sides of the respective cylinder bores 21 a communicate with the swash plate chamber 25 . Further, in the cylinder block 21 , a retainer groove 21 b that regulates a maximum angle of a suction reed valve 41 a that will be described later is formed.
  • a second shaft hole 21 c that extends in the longitudinal direction of the compressor while communicating with the swash plate chamber 25 is provided to penetrate the cylinder block 21 .
  • a second sliding bearing 29 b is provided in the second shaft hole 21 c . Note that in place of the first sliding bearing 29 a and the second sliding bearing 29 b described above, rolling bearings can be adopted respectively.
  • a spring chamber 21 d is formed in the cylinder block 21 .
  • the spring chamber 21 d is located between the swash plate chamber 25 and the second shaft hole 21 c .
  • a return spring 37 is disposed in the spring chamber 21 d .
  • the return spring 37 urges the swash plate 5 the inclination angle of which is minimum toward a front part of the swash plate chamber 25 .
  • a suction passage 39 that communicates with the swash plate chamber 25 is formed in the cylinder block 21 .
  • the valve formation plate 23 is provided between the rear housing 19 and the cylinder block 21 .
  • the valve formation plate 23 consists of a valve plate 40 , a suction valve plate 41 , a discharge valve plate 43 and a retainer plate 45 .
  • suction ports 40 a the number of which is the same as the number of the cylinder bores 21 a are formed.
  • discharge ports 40 b the number of which is the same as the number of the cylinder bores 21 a are formed.
  • the respective cylinder bores 21 a communicate with the suction chamber 33 through the respective suction ports 40 a , and communicate with the discharge chamber 35 through the respective discharge ports 40 b .
  • a first communication hole 40 c and a second communication hole 40 d are formed.
  • the suction chamber 33 and the suction passage 39 communicate with each other.
  • the swash plate chamber 25 and the suction chamber 33 communicate with each other.
  • the suction valve plate 41 is provided on a front surface of the valve plate 40 .
  • a plurality of suction reed valves 41 a capable of opening and closing the respective suction ports 40 a by elastic deformation are formed.
  • the discharge valve plate 43 is provided on a rear surface of the valve plate 40 .
  • a plurality of discharge reed valves 43 a capable of opening and closing the respective discharge ports 40 b by elastic deformation are formed.
  • the retainer plate 45 is provided on a rear surface of the discharge valve plate 43 . The retainer plate 45 restricts a maximum opening degree of the discharge reed valve 43 a.
  • the drive shaft 3 is inserted toward a rear side of the housing 1 from a boss 17 c side.
  • the drive shaft 3 has a front end side inserted through the shaft seal device 27 in the boss 17 c , and supported by the first sliding bearing 29 a in the first shaft hole 17 d . Further, a rear end side of the drive shaft 3 is supported by the second sliding bearing 29 b in the second shaft hole 21 c . In this manner, the drive shaft 3 is supported rotatably around a drive shaft axis O with respect to the housing 1 .
  • a second pressure regulation chamber 31 b is defined in a space from a rear end of the drive shaft 3 .
  • the second pressure regulation chamber 31 b communicates with the first pressure regulation chamber 31 a through the second communication hole 40 d .
  • O-rings 49 a and 49 d are provided at the rear end of the drive shaft 3 .
  • the respective O-rings 49 a and 49 b are located between the drive shaft 3 and the second shaft hole 21 c to seal a space between the swash plate chamber 25 and the pressure regulation chamber 31 .
  • the link mechanism 7 has a lug plate 51 , a pair of lug arms 53 a and 53 b that are formed at the lug plate 51 , and a pair of swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f that are formed at the swash plate 5 .
  • the lug plate 51 corresponds to a lug member in the present invention. Note that in FIG. 3 , in order to facilitate explanation, shapes of the lug plate 51 , the swash plate 5 and the like are illustrated by being simplified.
  • the lug plate 51 is formed into a substantially annular ring shape in which an insertion hole 510 is provided to penetrate therethrough.
  • the lug plate 51 is disposed forward of the swash plate 5 , in the swash plate chamber 25 .
  • the drive shaft 3 is press-fitted into the insertion hole 510 , and the lug plate 51 is rotatable integrally with the drive shaft 3 .
  • a thrust bearing 55 is provided between the lug plate 51 and the front wall 17 a .
  • a cylindrical cylinder chamber 51 a that extends in a longitudinal direction of the lug plate 51 is concavely provided coaxially with the drive shaft axis O.
  • the cylinder chamber 51 a opens to the swash plate chamber 25 at a rear end surface of the lug plate 51 , and extends to a spot to be an inner side of the thrust bearing 55 in the lug plate 51 , from the rear end surface of the lug plate 51 .
  • the respective lug arms 53 a and 53 b extend rearward respectively from the lug plate 51 .
  • a pair of guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b are formed at a position between the respective lug arms 53 a and 53 b .
  • the lug arms 53 a and 53 b and the guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b are respectively formed on the lug plate 51 such that a top dead center surface X, which is an imaginary surface defined by a top dead center position T of the swash plate 5 and the drive shaft axis O, is interposed therebetween.
  • a first virtual plane Y 1 that intersects the drive shaft axis O while being orthogonal to the top dead center surface X is assumed.
  • the swash plate 5 forms an annular flat plate shape, and has a front surface 5 a and a rear surface 5 b .
  • a weight portion 5 c that protrudes forward of the swash plate 5 is formed.
  • the weight portion 5 c abuts on the lug plate 51 when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 becomes maximum.
  • an insertion hole 5 d is formed in a center of the swash plate 5 . The drive shaft 3 is inserted through the insertion hole 5 d.
  • the respective swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f are formed respectively on a front surface 5 a of the swash plate 5 with the top dead center surface X therebetween.
  • the respective swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f extend forward from the front surface 5 a .
  • guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b are formed at tip ends of the respective swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f .
  • the guided surface 59 a is formed into a cylindrical shape having a generating line that extends in a direction orthogonal to the top dead center surface X. The same goes for the guided surface 59 b.
  • a substantially semispherical convex portion 5 g is protrudingly provided on the front surface 5 a , and is integrated with the front surface 5 a .
  • the convex portion 5 g is located between the swash plate arm 5 e and the swash plate arm 5 f.
  • the respective swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f are inserted between the respective lug arms 53 a and 53 b , whereby the lug plate 51 and the swash plate 5 are connected. Thereby, a rotational drive force of the lug plate 51 is transmitted to the respective swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f from the respective lug arms 53 a and 53 b . Thereby, the swash plate 5 is rotatable with the lug plate 51 , in the swash plate chamber 25 .
  • the lug plate 51 and the swash plate 5 are connected, whereby the guided surface 59 a of the swash plate arm 5 e abuts on the guide surface 57 a , and the guided surface 59 b of the swash plate arm 5 f abuts on the guide surface 57 b .
  • the respective guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b of the respective swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f are formed into cylindrical shapes, and therefore, the respective guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b and the respective guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b are in linear contact with one another respectively.
  • the swash plate 5 can change an inclination angle of its own relative to a direction orthogonal to the drive shaft axis O, from a maximum inclination angle shown in FIG. 1 to a minimum inclination angle shown in FIG. 5 , while substantially keeping the top dead center position T.
  • the respective guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b are formed into cylindrical shapes, and therefore, curvatures of the respective guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b are fixed. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6 , in both a first abutment position P 1 and a second abutment position P 2 , distances from respective centers C 1 of the guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b to the guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b are fixed.
  • the guide surface 57 a extends outward in a radial direction of the lug plate 51 from the drive shaft axis O side.
  • the guide surface 57 a is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape having a generating line that extends to be orthogonal to the top dead center surface X, and bends into a convex shape that protrudes rearward with respect to the first virtual plane Y 1 . More specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the guide surface 57 a is formed such that a portion between the first abutment position P 1 , where the guide surface 57 a and the guided surface 59 a are in linear contact with each other when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 is maximum, and the second abutment position P 2 , where the guide surface 57 a and the guided surface 59 a are in linear contact with each other when the inclination angle is minimum, is convex toward the guided surface 59 a .
  • a top portion P 3 is formed to be offset to the first abutment position P 1 side from a middle between the first abutment position P 1 and the second abutment position P 2 .
  • the top portion P 3 is present at a position that is the most separated from the first virtual plane Y 1 , in the generating line on the guide surface 57 a .
  • the guide surface 57 b shown in FIG. 3 is similar to the above, and is formed into a convex shape toward the guided surface 59 b.
  • the actuator 13 consists of the lug plate 51 , a movable body 13 a and a control pressure chamber 13 b.
  • the movable body 13 a has the drive shaft 3 inserted therethrough, and is movable in the drive shaft axis O direction while sliding in contact with the drive shaft 3 .
  • the movable body 13 a forms a cylindrical shape coaxial with the drive shaft 3 .
  • the movable body 13 a has a first cylinder portion 131 , a second cylinder portion 132 , and a connection portion 133 .
  • the first cylinder portion 131 is located at the swash plate 5 side in the movable body 13 a , and is in sliding contact with the drive shaft 3 .
  • An O-ring 49 c is provided on an inner circumferential surface of the first cylinder portion 131 .
  • the second cylinder portion 132 is located at a front part of the movable body 13 a .
  • the second cylinder portion 132 is formed to have a larger diameter than the first cylinder portion 131 .
  • An O-ring 49 d is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the second cylinder portion 132 .
  • the connection portion 133 is located between the first cylinder portion 131 and the second cylinder portion 132 , and extends while gradually enlarging a diameter toward the front part from a rear part of the movable body 13 a . In the connection portion 133 , a rear end continues to the first cylinder portion 131 , and a front end continues to the second cylinder portion 132 .
  • an acting portion 134 is formed integrally with a rear end of the first cylinder portion 131 .
  • the acting portion 134 vertically extends toward a top dead center position T side of the swash plate 5 from the drive shaft axis O side, and abuts on the convex portion 5 g .
  • the movable body 13 a is rotatable integrally with the lug plate 51 and the swash plate 5 .
  • the cylinder chamber 51 a can accommodate the second cylinder portion 132 and the connection portion 133 by causing the second cylinder portion 132 and the connection portion 133 to advance to an inside.
  • the control pressure chamber 13 b is formed among the second cylinder portion 132 , the connection portion 133 , the cylinder chamber 51 a and the drive shaft 3 .
  • a space between the control pressure chamber 13 b and the swash plate chamber 25 is sealed by the O-rings 49 c and 49 d.
  • an axial path 3 a that extends in the drive shaft axis O direction toward the front end from the rear end of the drive shaft 3
  • a radial path 3 b that extends in a radial direction from a front end of the axial path 3 a and opens to the outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft 3 are formed.
  • a rear end of the axial path 3 a opens to the pressure regulation chamber 31 .
  • the radial path 3 b opens to the control pressure chamber 13 b .
  • the drive shaft 3 is connected to a pulley or an electromagnetic clutch not illustrated, by a screw portion 3 c that is formed at a tip end.
  • the respective pistons 9 are respectively accommodated in the respective cylinder bores 21 a , and are capable of reciprocating in the respective cylinder bores 21 a .
  • compression chambers 61 are defined in the respective cylinder bores 21 a.
  • engaging portions 9 a are concavely provided respectively.
  • the semispherical shoes 11 a and 11 b are respectively provided.
  • the respective shoes 11 a and 11 b convert rotation of the swash plate 5 into reciprocal movement of the respective pistons 9 .
  • the respective shoes 11 a and 11 b correspond to a conversion mechanism in the present invention. In this manner, the respective pistons 9 can reciprocate in the cylinder bores 21 a respectively at a stroke corresponding to the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 .
  • the control mechanism 15 has a low-pressure passage 15 a , a high-pressure passage 15 b , a control valve 15 c and an orifice 15 d , and the axial path 3 a and the radial path 3 b.
  • the low-pressure passage 15 a is connected to the pressure regulation chamber 31 and the suction chamber 33 . Thereby, by the low-pressure passage 15 a , the axial path 3 a and the radial path 3 b , the control pressure chamber 13 b , the pressure regulation chamber 31 and the suction chamber 33 are brought into a state communicating to one another.
  • the high-pressure passage 15 b is connected to the pressure regulation chamber 31 and the discharge chamber 35 .
  • the orifice 15 d is provided in the high-pressure passage 15 b.
  • the control valve 15 c is provided in the low-pressure passage 15 a .
  • the control valve 15 c can regulate an opening degree of the low-pressure passage 15 a based on a pressure in the suction chamber 33 .
  • piping connecting to the evaporator is connected to the inlet port 250 shown in FIG. 1
  • piping connecting to a condenser is connected to the outlet port.
  • the condenser is connected to the evaporator via piping and an expansion valve.
  • the drive shaft 3 rotates, whereby the swash plate 5 rotates, and the respective pistons 9 reciprocate in the respective cylinder bores 21 a . Therefore, the compression chamber 61 changes a capacity in response to a piston stroke. Therefore, the refrigerant gas which is taken into the swash plate chamber 25 by the inlet port 250 from the evaporator passes through the suction chamber 33 from the suction passage 39 and is compressed in the compression chamber 61 . Subsequently, the refrigerant gas which is compressed in the compression chamber 61 is discharged into the discharge chamber 35 and is discharged into the condenser from the outlet port. Further, by the weight portion 5 c , an inertial force during rotation of the swash plate 5 is regulated.
  • a piston compression force that makes the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 small acts onto the swash plate 5 , the lug plate 51 and the like.
  • the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 is changed to increase or decrease the stroke of the piston 9 , and thereby capacity control can be performed.
  • the guided surface 59 a of the swash plate arm 5 e slides on the guide surface 57 a so as to be away from the drive shaft axis O.
  • the guided surface 59 b of the swash plate arm 5 f also slides on the guide surface 57 b.
  • a bottom dead center side pivots in a clockwise direction while substantially keeping the top dead center position T.
  • the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 to the drive shaft axis O of the drive shaft 3 increases.
  • the stroke of the piston 9 increases, and the discharge capacity per one rotation of the drive shaft 3 becomes large.
  • the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 shown in FIG. 1 is a maximum inclination angle in the compressor.
  • the guided surface 59 a and the guide surface 57 a are in linear contact with each other at the first position P 1 as shown in FIG. 6 . The same applies to the guided surface 59 b and the guide surface 57 b.
  • the acting portion 134 presses the convex portion 5 g toward the rear part of the swash plate chamber 25 . Therefore, the guided surface 59 a of the swash plate arm 5 e slides on the guide surface 57 a so as to be close to the drive shaft axis O. Similarly, the guided surface 59 b of the swash plate arm 5 f also slides on the guide surface 57 b.
  • the bottom dead center side pivots in a counterclockwise direction while substantially keeping the top dead center position T.
  • the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 to the drive shaft axis O of the drive shaft 3 is decreased.
  • the stroke of the piston 9 decreases, and the discharge capacity per one rotation of the drive shaft 3 becomes small.
  • the swash plate 5 abuts on the return spring 37 by the inclination angle decreasing.
  • the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 shown in FIG. 5 is a minimum inclination angle in the compressor.
  • the guided surface 59 a and the guide surface 57 a are in linear contact with each other at the second position P 2 . The same applies to the guided surface 59 b and the guide surface 57 b.
  • the respective guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b of the respective swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f respectively slide on the respective guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b of the lug plate 51 , whereby change of the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 is allowed.
  • the guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b are formed such that portions between the first abutment position P 1 and the second abutment position P 2 are convex toward the guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b , respectively. Therefore, in the compressor, the contact angle changes at the first abutment position P 1 side and the second abutment position P 2 side. More specifically, a radius of curvature becomes large at the first abutment position P 1 side, and the radius of curvature becomes small at the second abutment position P 2 side.
  • a contact angle ⁇ 1 which is an angle formed by the guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b and the guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b when the inclination angle is maximum as shown in FIG. 7A
  • a contact angle ⁇ 2 which is an angle formed by the guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b and the guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b when the inclination angle is minimum as shown in FIG. 7B in this compressor.
  • the contact angle ⁇ 1 refers to an angle formed by a contact surface S 1 , which is formed by the guide surface 57 a and the guided surface 59 a , and a second virtual plane Y 2 , which is a plane orthogonal to the drive shaft axis O, when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 is maximum, i.e., at the first abutment position P 1 as shown in FIG. 7A .
  • the contact angle ⁇ 2 refers to an angle formed by a contact surface S 2 , which is formed by the guide surface 57 a and the guided surface 59 a , and the second virtual plane Y 2 , which is a plane orthogonal to the drive shaft axis O, when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 is minimum, i.e., at the second abutment position P 2 as shown in FIG. 7B .
  • FIG. 10 shows a compressor of a comparative example.
  • a pair of guide surfaces 63 are formed on the lug plate 51 .
  • the respective guide surfaces 63 are formed to be flat downward inclinations toward a center side from an outer circumferential side of the lug plate 51 along the first virtual plane Y 1 .
  • a radius of curvature is fixed from the first abutment position P 1 to the second abutment position P 2 . Therefore, either in the first abutment position P 1 , or in the second abutment position P 2 , contact angles ⁇ x of the respective guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b and the respective guide surfaces 63 are fixed without changing.
  • the radius of curvature is large at the first abutment position P 1 side, and the radius of curvature is small at the second abutment position P 2 side. Therefore, in this compressor, the contact angle changes from the contact angle ⁇ 1 to the contact angle ⁇ 2 while the inclination angle becomes minimum from the maximum.
  • the contact angle ⁇ 1 in the first abutment position P 1 is an angle that is larger than the contact angle ⁇ x in the compressor of the comparative example.
  • the contact angle ⁇ 2 in the second abutment position P 2 is an angle that is smaller than the contact angle ⁇ x in the compressor of the comparative example.
  • the capacity increasing component can be made large when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 is maximum, and the maximum discharge capacity is easily kept, as compared with the compressor of the comparative example.
  • the capacity increasing component can be made small when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 is minimum, and the minimum discharge capacity can be easily kept.
  • the radius of curvature is fixed, and therefore, the capacity increasing component is fixed when the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 is maximum and when the inclination angle is minimum. Therefore, the maximum discharge capacity and the minimum discharge capacity are difficult to keep.
  • the maximum discharge capacity can be favorably kept and the minimum discharge capacity also can be favorably kept.
  • the top portions P 3 of the guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b are offset to the first abutment position P 1 side from the middle between the first abutment position P 1 and the second abutment position P 2 . Therefore, in this compressor, in changing the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 , the respective guided surfaces 59 a and 59 b can favorably slide on the respective guide surfaces 57 a and 57 b , and the discharge capacity can be favorably changed from the maximum discharge capacity to the minimum discharge capacity.
  • a compressor in Embodiment 2 is provided with a pair of swash plate arms 67 shown in FIG. 9 , in place of the swash plate arms 5 e and 5 f in the compressor of Embodiment 1.
  • the respective swash plate arms 67 are also respectively formed on the front surface 5 a of the swash plate 5 with the top dead center surface X interposed therebetween, and extend forward from the front surface 5 a .
  • guided surfaces 67 a are formed at tip ends of the respective swash plate arms 67 .
  • the guided surface 67 a is formed into an elliptical shape having a generating line that extends to be orthogonal to the top dead center surface X.
  • a radius R 1 of curvature of the guide surface 67 a at the first abutment position P 1 differs from a radius R 2 of curvature of the guide surface 67 a at the second abutment position P 2 .
  • the radius R 1 of curvature of the guided surface 67 a in the first abutment position P 1 is smaller than the radius R 2 of curvature of the guided surface 67 a in the second abutment position P 2 .
  • the guided surface 67 a may be formed into a parabolic shape or the like so that the radius of curvature of the guided surface 67 a differs in the first abutment position P 1 and the second abutment position P 2 .
  • the other components in the compressor are similar to those in the compressor of Embodiment 1, and detailed explanation concerning the same components will be omitted by assigning the same reference sings to the same components.
  • the guide surface 57 a and the guided surface 67 a are in linear contact with each other at a contact angle ⁇ 3 when an angle formed by a contact surface S 3 of the guide surface 57 a and the guided surface 67 a and a second virtual plane Y 2 at the first abutment position P 1 , i.e., the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 , is maximum.
  • the guide surface 57 a and the guided surface 67 a are in linear contact with each other at a contact angle ⁇ 4 when an angle formed by a contact surface S 4 of the guide surface 57 a and the guided surface 67 a and the second virtual plane Y 2 at the second abutment position P 2 , i.e., the inclination angle of the swash plate 5 , is minimum.
  • the radiuses of curvature are large on the side of the first abutment position P 1 side, and the radiuses of curvature are small on the side of the second abutment position P 2 . Therefore, in this compressor, the contact angle ⁇ 3 is larger than the contact angle ⁇ 4 .
  • the radius R 1 of curvature of the guided surface 67 a at the first abutment position P 1 is smaller than the radius R 2 of curvature at the second abutment position P 2 . Therefore, in this compressor, at the first abutment position P 1 , a distance from the center C 2 of the guided surface 67 a to the guide surface 57 a is short, and conversely, in the second abutment position P 2 , the distance from the center C 2 of the guided surface 67 a to the guide surface 57 a is long.
  • Embodiments 1 and 2 Although the present invention has been described above based on Embodiments 1 and 2, the present invention is not limited to the above described Embodiments 1 and 2, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be properly changed within the range without departing from the gist of the present invention.
  • the control valve 15 c may be provided in the high-pressure passage 15 b
  • the orifice 15 d may be provided in the low-pressure passage 15 a .
  • the opening degree of the high-pressure passage 15 b can be regulated by the control valve 15 c .
  • the pressure in the control pressure chamber 13 b can be made quickly high due to the pressure of the refrigerant gas in the first discharge chamber 29 a , and the discharge capacity can be increased quickly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
US14/633,371 2014-03-25 2015-02-27 Variable displacement swash plate type compressor Abandoned US20150275871A1 (en)

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JP2014-061850 2014-03-25
JP2014061850A JP6201852B2 (ja) 2014-03-25 2014-03-25 容量可変型斜板式圧縮機

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US20150118074A1 (en) * 2013-10-31 2015-04-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Swash plate type variable displacement compressor
DE102019112237A1 (de) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 OET GmbH Hubkolbenkompressor

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US20150118074A1 (en) * 2013-10-31 2015-04-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Swash plate type variable displacement compressor
US9512832B2 (en) * 2013-10-31 2016-12-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Swash plate type variable displacement compressor
DE102019112237A1 (de) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 OET GmbH Hubkolbenkompressor
WO2020207937A1 (de) * 2019-04-12 2020-10-15 OET GmbH Hubkolbenkompressor

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KR101710929B1 (ko) 2017-02-28
JP2015183616A (ja) 2015-10-22
EP2927492A2 (en) 2015-10-07
JP6201852B2 (ja) 2017-09-27
CN104948414A (zh) 2015-09-30
KR20150111285A (ko) 2015-10-05
CN104948414B (zh) 2017-04-12

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