US20150191077A1 - Assembly of an aluminum component and of a steel component having a znalmg alloy coating - Google Patents

Assembly of an aluminum component and of a steel component having a znalmg alloy coating Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150191077A1
US20150191077A1 US14/413,965 US201314413965A US2015191077A1 US 20150191077 A1 US20150191077 A1 US 20150191077A1 US 201314413965 A US201314413965 A US 201314413965A US 2015191077 A1 US2015191077 A1 US 2015191077A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
aluminum
metal coating
weight
zinc
magnesium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/413,965
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English (en)
Inventor
Christian Allely
Astrid Coffigny-Gregoire
Laurence Dosdat
Stéphane Morel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ArcelorMittal SA
Original Assignee
ArcelorMittal Investigacion y Desarrollo SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ArcelorMittal Investigacion y Desarrollo SL filed Critical ArcelorMittal Investigacion y Desarrollo SL
Assigned to ArcelorMittal Investigación y Desarrollo, S.L. reassignment ArcelorMittal Investigación y Desarrollo, S.L. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COFFIGNY-GREGOIRE, Astrid, ALLELY, CHRISTIAN, DOSDAT, Laurence, MOREL, STEPHANE
Publication of US20150191077A1 publication Critical patent/US20150191077A1/en
Assigned to ARCELORMITTAL reassignment ARCELORMITTAL ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ArcelorMittal Investigación y Desarrollo, S.L.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • B60J5/048—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the material
    • B60J5/0483—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the material lightweight metal, e.g. aluminum, magnesium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
    • B32B37/18—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J5/00—Doors
    • B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an assembly of an aluminum-based part and a part made of steel provided with a coating made of a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy, on at least one of the surfaces thereof placed so as to be in contact at least partially with the aluminum-based part.
  • the metal coatings essentially comprising zinc are traditionally used for their good protective properties against corrosion.
  • the addition of magnesium to the coating markedly increases the corrosion resistance of these coatings, which then provides the ability to reduce their thickness or provide greater assurance of protection against corrosion over time.
  • the addition of aluminum also makes it possible to improve the corrosion resistance.
  • the patent application EP 2 141 255 discloses assemblies wherein the process involves adding magnesium to the steel coating in a quantity which may in particular vary between 0.8% and 10% by weight. The addition of 0.8% to 3.5% of aluminum to this same coating may also be envisaged.
  • the present invention provides an assembly of an aluminum-based element and an element made of steel provided on at least one of the surfaces thereof, with a metal coating made of a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy including from 2.3% to 3.3% by weight of magnesium, from 3.5% to 3.9% by weight of aluminum, the remainder of the metal coating being zinc, inevitable impurities and possibly one or more additional elements selected from among Si, Sb, Pb, Ti, Ca, Mn, Sn, La, Ce, Cr, Ni or Bi.
  • the coated surface of the element made of steel is in at least partial contact with the aluminium-based element, the contact being brought about by a layer of adhesive or sealant whose thickness is less than 5 mm.
  • the assembly may also include the following features, alone or in combination:
  • the metal coating made of a zinc-aluminium-magnesium alloy includes from 2.3% to 3.3% by weight of magnesium, and from 3.6% to 3.9% by weight of aluminium, the remainder of the metal coating consisting of zinc, inevitable impurities and possibly one or more additional elements selected from among Si, Sb, Pb, Ti, Ca, Mn, Sn, La, Ce, Cr, Ni or Bi; and
  • the aluminium-based element and the element made of steel are assembled by crimping.
  • the present invention also provides a part for a vehicle, a vehicle door and a vehicle.
  • the part includes the assembly according to the present invention.
  • the vehicle door includes the part, the aluminium-based element is the exterior part of the door and the element made of steel is the interior part of the said door.
  • the vehicle includes the part or the vehicle door.
  • the present invention also provides use of a part made of steel provided on at least one of the surfaces thereof, with a metal coating made of a zinc-aluminium-magnesium alloy including from 2.3% to 3.3% by weight of magnesium, from 3.5% to 3.9% by weight of aluminium, the remainder of the metal coating being zinc, inevitable impurities and possibly one or more additional elements selected from among Si, Sb, Pb, Ti, Ca, Mn, Sn, La, Ce, Cr, Ni or Bi, for the manufacture of assemblies in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents an assembly according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents the measurement curves depicting the evolution of the average depth of corrosion of the aluminum panels within the assemblies according to the invention in comparison to assemblies according to the prior art
  • FIG. 3 represents the measurement curves depicting the evolution of the current density of galvanic coupling of assemblies according to the invention in comparison to assemblies based on the prior art.
  • the assembly 1 first of all comprises a first aluminum-based element, and which here takes the form of a panel 2 .
  • a first aluminum-based element and which here takes the form of a panel 2 .
  • it is intended to cover pure aluminum and all of its alloys comprising at least 85% by weight of aluminum, including therein the 1000 to 7000 series which comprise aluminum without any alloying additive element and alloys of various compositions:
  • This panel 2 has suitable dimensions adapted to the subsequent use of the assembly according to the invention.
  • the assembly 1 in question is integrated into a vehicle door, the aluminum-based panel being positioned on the exterior side of the vehicle.
  • the aluminum-based panel 2 may further include on at least one part of its surface one or more protective coatings such as phosphating and/or cataphoresis type coatings, such as those usually applied on the bodies-in-white for vehicles.
  • phosphating and/or cataphoresis type coatings such as those usually applied on the bodies-in-white for vehicles.
  • the assembly with the second steel coated element 3 being generally performed prior to the passage of the body-in-white in the baths containing coating types like phosphating and/or cataphoresis coatings, only the parts situated outside the assembly zone will thus be coated.
  • the second element of the assemblies according to the invention is thus an element 3 made of steel provided on at least one of the surfaces thereof, with a metal coating made of a zinc-aluminum-magnesium alloy including from 2.3% to 3.3% by weight of magnesium, from 3.5% to 3.9% by weight of aluminum, the remainder of the metal coating consisting of zinc, inevitable impurities and possibly one or more additional elements selected from among Si, Sb, Pb, Ti, Ca, Mn, Sn, La, Ce, Cr, Ni or Bi.
  • each additional element is generally less than 0.3%.
  • the additional elements may, among other things, provide the ability to improve the ductility or adhesion of the coating on to the steel element. The person skilled in the art who knows their effects on the characteristics of the coating will know to use them according to the additional or complementary desired goal.
  • the coating may finally contain residual elements originating, for example, from the coating bath when use is made of a hot dip coating process. It may be contaminated with impurities derived from the feed ingots or resulting from the passage of the steel element in the coating bath. Among these mention may be made in particular of iron the content whereof may go up to 5% by weight and is generally between 2% and 4% by weight in the coating.
  • the coating comprises from 2.3% to 3.3% by weight of magnesium and from 3.6% to 3.9% by weight of aluminum.
  • the weight ratio between the magnesium and aluminum in the metal coating is strictly less than or equal to 1, preferably strictly less than 1, and more preferably strictly less than 0.9.
  • the metal coating generally has a thickness that is less than or equal to 30 (microns) or even 25 ⁇ m and greater than or equal to 3 ⁇ m or even 5 ⁇ m.
  • the two elements 2 , 3 are assembled in a manner such that the coated surface of the element 3 made of steel is in at least partial contact with the aluminum-based element 2 .
  • the assembly may be done in particular by a mechanical method such as crimping of the two elements in an assembly zone 5 located, in the example shown in FIG. 1 , in the lower part of the door formed by the assembly 1 .
  • Such crimping could consist of a simple folding of one of the elements around the other, as shown in FIG. 1 where the element 2 is arranged so as to envelope the element 3 . It is of course possible to carry out any other type of mechanical assembly known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the panels according to the invention by means of structural bonding making use of an adhesive or a structural sealant which enables an assembly such that the mechanical stresses to which one or the other of the elements 2 , 3 are subjected get transferred to the other element 3 , 2 .
  • the layers of adhesives and/or sealants being very thin (generally less than 5 mm, or even less than 1 mm and even less than 200 ⁇ m), it would be considered that such a bonded assembly amounts to putting in contact the two elements 2 , 3 in the same way as a simple mechanical assembly.
  • assembly samples were created with the assembly of panels made of aluminum AA6061 and steel panels coated with aluminum-zinc-(magnesium) alloys of variable composition, the coatings having a uniform thickness of 7.5 ⁇ m.
  • These assemblies include a first coated steel panel, having a size of 10 cm in width by 20 cm in height, for example.
  • the process involves assembly by bonding of an aluminum panel having a size of, for example, 10 cm in width by 4 cm in height and having a thickness of 1 mm.
  • the aluminum panel is positioned at the center of the steel panel and the spacing between the two panels due to the presence of adhesive is, for example, 120 which simulates an assembly such as that of a motor vehicle door.
  • the active zone where the two unpainted sidings face each other has a dimension of, for example, 6 cm in width by 4 cm in height.
  • a copper wire connects the two sidings in order to bring them into electrical contact and thus be able to simulate galvanic corrosion in the active zone.
  • the inactive zone of the two sidings is protected by a paint obtained by phosphating followed by cataphoresis.
  • the phosphating is performed in three steps with the products from the company Chemetall, for example,: (i) degreasing agent Gardoclean S 5176+additive H7352, (ii) refiner Gardolene ZL6, (iii) phosphating bath Gardobond R24TA.
  • the test used is the VDA 233-102 test which provides for subjecting the samples to a series of treatment cycles, each cycle lasting for one week, with a succession of sub-cycles A, B and C of 24 hours each.
  • the saline solution used is an aqueous solution containing 1% by weight of sodium chloride.
  • measurements are carried out to determine the depth of corrosion etching of the aluminum by laser triangulation over the entire surface of a sample, and then the maximum observed value in micrometers is extracted therefrom.
  • a first sample was subjected to measurements of depth of corrosion etching of the aluminum element by a laser triangulation technique.
  • the sample 4 makes it possible to obtain significantly far better results than the Comparative Tests 1 to 3. Certainly some improvement in corrosion resistance is indeed observed between the samples 2 and 3 and the sample 1, however the improvement obtained in the sample 4 is once again in this case, of a significantly greater magnitude and altogether quite surprising, especially since the sample 3, containing higher aluminum and magnesium content than sample 2, presents in the final analysis, performance levels that are identical to those of sample 2, which does not lead one to expect that an additional increase in aluminum and magnesium content would improve the performance levels, especially in these proportions.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
US14/413,965 2013-05-13 2013-05-13 Assembly of an aluminum component and of a steel component having a znalmg alloy coating Abandoned US20150191077A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2013/000929 WO2014184599A1 (fr) 2013-05-13 2013-05-13 Assemblage d'une pièce à base d'aluminium et d'une pièce en acier munie d'un revêtement à base d'un alliage znaimg

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2013/000929 A-371-Of-International WO2014184599A1 (fr) 2013-05-13 2013-05-13 Assemblage d'une pièce à base d'aluminium et d'une pièce en acier munie d'un revêtement à base d'un alliage znaimg

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/402,763 Continuation US11370279B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2019-05-03 Assembly of an aluminum component and of a steel component having a ZnAlMg alloy coating

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US20150191077A1 true US20150191077A1 (en) 2015-07-09

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US14/413,965 Abandoned US20150191077A1 (en) 2013-05-13 2013-05-13 Assembly of an aluminum component and of a steel component having a znalmg alloy coating
US16/402,763 Active 2034-03-24 US11370279B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2019-05-03 Assembly of an aluminum component and of a steel component having a ZnAlMg alloy coating

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US16/402,763 Active 2034-03-24 US11370279B2 (en) 2013-05-13 2019-05-03 Assembly of an aluminum component and of a steel component having a ZnAlMg alloy coating

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (2) US20150191077A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2875164B8 (fr)
JP (1) JP5849174B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101577174B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN104487605B (fr)
BR (1) BR112015000360B8 (fr)
CA (1) CA2878810C (fr)
ES (1) ES2579382T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE027742T2 (fr)
IN (1) IN2015DN00128A (fr)
MA (1) MA37745B1 (fr)
MX (1) MX360930B (fr)
PL (1) PL2875164T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2583424C1 (fr)
UA (1) UA113884C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014184599A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201500011B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019169199A1 (fr) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-06 Nucor Corporation Revêtement d'alliage à base de zinc pour acier et procédés
US11312212B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2022-04-26 Arcelormittal Panel for vehicle comprising a coated steel sheet locally reinforced
US11913118B2 (en) * 2018-03-01 2024-02-27 Nucor Corporation Zinc alloy coated press-hardenable steels and method of manufacturing the same

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020208399A1 (fr) * 2019-04-09 2020-10-15 Arcelormittal Assemblage d'un composant en aluminium et d'une pièce en acier trempé sous presse ayant un revêtement en alliage comprenant du silicium, du fer, du zinc, éventuellement du magnésium, le reste étant de l'aluminium
CN110923600B (zh) * 2019-12-09 2021-12-14 福建安能新材料股份有限公司 一种具有锌锰镁硅合金热浸镀层的钢板及其生产方法
FR3107711B1 (fr) * 2020-03-02 2022-03-11 Alstom Transp Tech Protection contre la corrosion galvanique d’assemblage de pièces métalliques

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US3505043A (en) * 1969-01-08 1970-04-07 Inland Steel Co Al-mg-zn alloy coated ferrous metal sheet
US5470416A (en) * 1992-04-16 1995-11-28 The Budd Company Bonding method using mixture of adhesive and non-compressible beads
US6235410B1 (en) 1996-12-13 2001-05-22 Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. Hot-dip Zn-Al-Mg coated steel sheet excellent in corrosion resistance and surface appearance and process for the production thereof
KR100568349B1 (ko) * 2001-12-20 2006-04-05 주식회사 포스코 표면외관 및 내식성이 우수한 합금 도금강판
DE05758026T1 (de) 2004-06-29 2009-04-30 Corus Staal B.V. Stahlblech mit durch feuerverzinkung aufgbrachter zinklegierungsbeschichtung und herstellungsverfahren dafür
CN101043968A (zh) * 2004-10-26 2007-09-26 本田技研工业株式会社 铁基部件和铝基部件的接合方法
EP1980638B2 (fr) 2006-01-30 2022-05-11 Nippon Steel Corporation Feuille d'acier zinguee au feu de grande resistance presentant une excellente aptitude au moulage et convenant particulierement au placage, feuille d'acier zinguee au feu de grande resistance alliee et procedes pour les fabriquer
EP2340910B1 (fr) 2006-02-23 2015-04-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.) Joint entre un matériau en acier et un matériau en aluminium et méthode de soudage par points pour réaliser un tel joint
EP1935955A1 (fr) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-25 Sika Technology AG Méthode pour coller la feuillure de bord ouverte
EP2141255B1 (fr) * 2008-07-04 2020-03-18 Volvo Car Corporation Structure améliorée d'inhibition de la corrosion
WO2010130883A1 (fr) * 2009-05-14 2010-11-18 Arcelormittal Investigacion Y Desarrollo Sl Procede de fabrication d'une bande metallique revetue presentant un aspect ameliore
RU2470088C2 (ru) * 2010-10-29 2012-12-20 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России) Расплав на основе цинка для нанесения защитных покрытий на стальную полосу горячим погружением

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11312212B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2022-04-26 Arcelormittal Panel for vehicle comprising a coated steel sheet locally reinforced
WO2019169199A1 (fr) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-06 Nucor Corporation Revêtement d'alliage à base de zinc pour acier et procédés
US11913118B2 (en) * 2018-03-01 2024-02-27 Nucor Corporation Zinc alloy coated press-hardenable steels and method of manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112015000360B1 (pt) 2020-12-29
US20190255921A1 (en) 2019-08-22
MX360930B (es) 2018-11-22
IN2015DN00128A (fr) 2015-05-29
RU2583424C1 (ru) 2016-05-10
EP2875164B1 (fr) 2016-04-06
MX2015000522A (es) 2016-03-21
WO2014184599A1 (fr) 2014-11-20
CN104487605A (zh) 2015-04-01
ES2579382T3 (es) 2016-08-10
MA37745B1 (fr) 2016-08-31
EP2875164A1 (fr) 2015-05-27
PL2875164T3 (pl) 2016-10-31
CN104487605B (zh) 2017-07-18
JP2015532677A (ja) 2015-11-12
HUE027742T2 (en) 2016-10-28
KR101577174B1 (ko) 2015-12-11
ZA201500011B (en) 2016-03-30
BR112015000360B8 (pt) 2021-04-13
MA37745A1 (fr) 2016-01-29
EP2875164B8 (fr) 2016-05-18
US11370279B2 (en) 2022-06-28
KR20150011847A (ko) 2015-02-02
CA2878810C (fr) 2016-12-13
UA113884C2 (xx) 2017-03-27
JP5849174B2 (ja) 2016-01-27
CA2878810A1 (fr) 2014-11-20
BR112015000360A2 (pt) 2018-06-19

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