US20150038249A1 - System, method, and apparatus for measuring golf club deformation - Google Patents

System, method, and apparatus for measuring golf club deformation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150038249A1
US20150038249A1 US14/349,012 US201214349012A US2015038249A1 US 20150038249 A1 US20150038249 A1 US 20150038249A1 US 201214349012 A US201214349012 A US 201214349012A US 2015038249 A1 US2015038249 A1 US 2015038249A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
golf club
image pickup
pickup apparatus
swing
identifier
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Abandoned
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US14/349,012
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English (en)
Inventor
Koji Takao
Hideo Matsunaga
Hirotada Iwade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bridgestone Corp
Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd
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Bridgestone Corp
Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd
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Assigned to BRIDGESTONE SPORTS CO., LTD., BRIDGESTONE CORPORATION reassignment BRIDGESTONE SPORTS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IWADE, HIROTADA, MATSUNAGA, HIDEO, TAKAO, KOJI
Publication of US20150038249A1 publication Critical patent/US20150038249A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B60/00—Details or accessories of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like
    • A63B60/42—Devices for measuring, verifying, correcting or customising the inherent characteristics of golf clubs, bats, rackets or the like, e.g. measuring the maximum torque a batting shaft can withstand
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0003—Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/60—Type of objects
    • G06V20/64—Three-dimensional objects
    • G06V20/647—Three-dimensional objects by matching two-dimensional images to three-dimensional objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/20—Movements or behaviour, e.g. gesture recognition
    • G06V40/23—Recognition of whole body movements, e.g. for sport training
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2102/00—Application of clubs, bats, rackets or the like to the sporting activity ; particular sports involving the use of balls and clubs, bats, rackets, or the like
    • A63B2102/32—Golf
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/10—Positions
    • A63B2220/13—Relative positions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/807—Photo cameras
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/83—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
    • A63B2220/833—Sensors arranged on the exercise apparatus or sports implement
    • A63B2243/0029—

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system, a method, and an apparatus for measuring golf club deformation during a golf swing.
  • the flight direction of the ball is affected by factors such as the amount of backspin, the launch angle, and the like in the golf swing. These factors are known to be greatly affected by, for example, movement of the golf club head (referred to below simply as “head”) when the head hits (impacts) the golf ball. Furthermore, during the golfer's golf swing, the shaft of the golf club deforms in response to the weight of the golf club head and the force applied to the golf club by the golfer. Deformation in which the golf club shaft flexes is typically referred to as “flex”. Flex is considered to exert an extremely large influence over whether a golfer can execute an ideal golf swing.
  • Non-Patent Literature 1 a method has therefore been proposed to measure strain on the shaft during the golf swing by attaching a strain gauge to the golf club (for example, see Non-Patent Literature 1).
  • a strain gauge is attached to the surface of the golf club shaft, and the flex produced in the shaft during the golf swing can be measured.
  • Non-Patent Literature 1 NARUO Takeshi et al., “Research on golf shaft flex”, Proceedings of the Joint Symposium: Symposium on Sports Engineering and Symposium on Human Dynamics, The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995, No. 95-45
  • Patent Literature 1 JP2011-183090A
  • Non-Patent Literature 1 since information on the overall flex of the golf club is acquired, it becomes necessary to attach a number of strain gauges to the shaft. In this case, the amount of wiring for the strain gauges increases, making it difficult for the golfer to execute a golf swing as usual.
  • Patent Literature 1 it is necessary to adjust the relative positions of the image pickup apparatuses in order to acquire the 3D position coordinates of the markers. As the number of image pickup apparatuses increases, the adjustment of course requires more time, making it difficult to measure golf club deformation.
  • the golf club deformation during a golf swing cannot be easily measured for the golfer's golf swing as usual.
  • the present invention has been conceived in light of these circumstances, and it is an object thereof to provide a system, a method, and an apparatus for measuring golf club deformation that can easily measure golf club deformation for a golfer's golf swing as usual.
  • a system for measuring golf club deformation is a system for measuring golf club deformation during a swing of a golf club by a golfer, including: an image pickup apparatus attached to the golf club and facing a direction that includes at least one identifier attached to the golf club for specification of a position on the golf club; and a measurement apparatus configured to measure the golf club deformation based on position information of the at least one identifier, the position information being acquired from an image of the golf club captured by the image pickup apparatus during the swing.
  • the system for measuring golf club deformation of the present invention it is possible easily to measure golf club deformation during a golfer's golf swing as usual.
  • the measurement apparatus preferably includes: an image acquisition unit configured to acquire the image of the golf club during the swing from the image pickup apparatus; a position information acquisition unit configured to recognize the at least one identifier in the acquired image and to acquire position information of the recognized at least one identifier; and a measurement unit configured to measure the golf club deformation based on the acquired position information.
  • the at least one identifier is preferably provided on a head of the golf club.
  • the golf club deformation is preferably at least one of movement of a head and flex of a shaft of the golf club, so that one or both of the behavior of the head and the flex of the shaft of the golf club can be measured.
  • the image pickup apparatus preferably weighs less than 90 g.
  • a method for measuring golf club deformation is a method for measuring golf club deformation during a swing of a golf club by a golfer, including the steps of: capturing an image of the golf club with an image pickup apparatus during a golf swing using the golf club, the golf club including at least one identifier for specification of a position on the golf club and having the image pickup apparatus attached thereto facing a direction that includes the at least one identifier; acquiring the image of the golf club during the swing from the image pickup apparatus; recognizing the at least one identifier in the image captured by the image pickup apparatus and acquiring position information of the recognized at least one identifier; and determining the golf club deformation based on the acquired position information.
  • the method for measuring golf club deformation of the present invention it is possible easily to measure golf club deformation during a golfer's golf swing as usual.
  • an apparatus for measuring golf club deformation is an apparatus for measuring golf club deformation during a swing of a golf club by a golfer, wherein the apparatus measures the golf club deformation based on position information of at least one identifier attached to the golf club for specification of a position on the golf club, the position information being acquired from an image of the golf club captured during the swing by an image pickup apparatus attached to the golf club and facing a direction that includes the at least one identifier.
  • the apparatus for measuring golf club deformation of the present invention it is possible easily to measure golf club deformation during a golfer's golf swing as usual.
  • the present invention it is possible easily to measure golf club deformation during a golfer's golf swing as usual by performing predetermined measurements based on images of the golf swing acquired by an image pickup apparatus attached to the golf club facing a direction that includes at least one identifier attached to the golf club.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a system for measuring golf club deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring golf club deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the relationship between a projection plane of the image pickup apparatus in FIG. 1 and the head and shaft of the golf club;
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating an example of a golf club image captured during a golf swing by the image pickup apparatus in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of the change in position of each marker over time in the X-axis direction on the projection plane of the image pickup apparatus
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of the change in position of each marker over time in the Y-axis direction on the projection plane of the image pickup apparatus
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an example of the trajectory on the projection plane of the marker on the head during a golf swing
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of the change in relative angle of the head over time during the golf swing relative to the initial position of the head
  • FIG. 9A illustrates an example of the trajectory on the projection plane of the marker on the head during a golf swing
  • FIG. 9B illustrates an example of the trajectory on the projection plane of the marker on the head during a golf swing
  • FIG. 9C illustrates an example of the trajectory on the projection plane of the marker on the head during a golf swing
  • FIG. 10A illustrates an example of the change in relative angle of the head over time during a golf swing relative to the initial position of the head
  • FIG. 10B illustrates an example of the change in relative angle of the head over time during a golf swing relative to the initial position of the head
  • FIG. 10C illustrates an example of the change in relative angle of the head over time during a golf swing relative to the initial position of the head.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a measurement system 1 for measuring golf club deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the measurement system 1 for measuring golf club deformation in FIG. 1 is provided with a measurement apparatus 2 and an image pickup apparatus 4 attached to a golf club 3 .
  • the golf club 3 is provided with a shaft 5 , a head 6 , and a grip 7 .
  • the image pickup apparatus 4 is attached to the shaft 5 of the golf club 3 facing a direction that includes an identifier, described below, and preferably so that the optical axis is substantially parallel to the shaft axis of the shaft 5 .
  • the position of attachment of the image pickup apparatus 4 on the shaft 5 is, for example, directly below or near the grip 7 (directly below in the example in the figures) at a position at which a golfer 8 can execute a golf swing as usual. Attaching the image pickup apparatus 4 to such a position yields the advantages of the position of the image pickup apparatus 4 being affected little by deformation of the golf club 3 during the golf swing and the ability to acquire images of the golf club 3 over a wide range. Even when the optical axis of the image pickup apparatus 4 is not parallel to the shaft axis, any range in which the identifier of the head 6 (not illustrated) can be imaged throughout the golf swing is acceptable.
  • the image pickup apparatus 4 is, for example, configured using a digital high-speed camera or a wireless camera.
  • the frame rate of the camera is 30 frames per second (fps) or less for a wireless camera and is over 30 fps for a digital high-speed camera.
  • the image pickup apparatus 4 is light enough for the golfer 8 to execute a golf swing as usual with the golf club 3 .
  • the weight of the image pickup apparatus 4 is preferably less than 90 g.
  • the image pickup apparatus 4 more preferably weighs 60 g or less.
  • the weight of the image pickup apparatus 4 is 90 g or more, the head speed decreases dramatically, whereas if the image pickup apparatus 4 weighs 60 g or less, there is almost no effect on the head speed. If the speed reduction rate is less than the speed reduction rate when the image pickup apparatus 4 weighs 90 g, the image pickup apparatus 4 is highly usable for actual measurement. Therefore, it is possible to measure golf club deformation in conditions closer to actual conditions, with the effect of the head speed being reflected.
  • the weight of the image pickup apparatus 4 is considered here to include the weight of the camera body and the camera lens constituting the image pickup apparatus 4 , and of the member for attaching the image pickup apparatus 4 to the shaft 5 .
  • wiring may be provided between the image pickup apparatus 4 and the measurement apparatus 2 in a manner that does not impede the golf swing by the golfer 8 . Note that even when the image pickup apparatus 4 is configured with a device other than a wireless camera, it is not necessary to provide wiring if a removable storage medium can be stored in the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • At least one identifier for specification of a position on the golf club is attached to the golf club 3 .
  • the identifier refers to a characteristic that is distinguishable from other portions during image processing and may, for example, be a logo or characters applied to a commercial golf club head or the markers M 1 to M 3 described in detail with reference to FIG. 4 .
  • the identifier is, for example, applied to the golf club 3 using reflective tape, paint, or the like. Another material may also be used for the identifier as long as the material yields at least a predetermined amount of contrast with surrounding pixels during image processing.
  • the measurement apparatus 2 is, for example, configured using a personal computer or the like provided with a central processing unit (CPU) and includes an image acquisition unit, a position information acquisition unit, and a measurement unit (not illustrated). Furthermore, the measurement apparatus 2 may be provided with a display unit and be configured to display the results of measuring golf club deformation on the display unit. The functions of the image acquisition unit, position information acquisition unit, and measurement unit are described below with reference to FIG. 2 .
  • the measurement system 1 executes measurement processing with the measurement apparatus 2 on images captured by the image pickup apparatus 4 and measures the golf club deformation during the golf swing by the golfer 8 .
  • the following describes the method for measurement employed in the measurement system 1 in greater detail.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for measuring golf club deformation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image pickup apparatus 4 captures images of the golf club during a golf swing (step S 01 ).
  • the measurement apparatus 2 acquires images of the golf club, such as images of the head 6 , during the golf swing from the image pickup apparatus 4 (step S 02 ).
  • These images of the golf club may be video data, in any format, captured by the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • the measurement apparatus 2 then extracts any image data from the video data captured by the image pickup apparatus 4 in step S 01 , and for the extracted image data, recognizes the identifier on the head 6 and acquires position information of the recognized identifier (step S 03 ). For example, when the identifiers are circles indicated by markers M 1 to M 3 in FIG. 4 , the position information acquisition unit extracts each identifier using a circle fitting method and acquires the coordinates of the center position as the position information.
  • the coordinates are, for example, the coordinates in a virtual projection plane 10 of the image pickup apparatus 4 , described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • the measurement apparatus 2 measures the golf club deformation based on the position information acquired in step S 03 (step S 04 ).
  • the measurement unit can measure at least one of movement of the head 6 and flex of the shaft 5 .
  • the measurement unit may measure both the movement of the head 6 and the flex of the shaft 5 based on the position of the head 6 with respect to the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • the measurement unit measures the position on the projection plane 10 of the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • the measurement unit can determine the change in position of the head 6 over time on the projection plane 10 and measure the change in status of the movement of the head 6 and the flex of the shaft 5 during the golf swing.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the relationship between the virtual projection plane 10 of the image pickup apparatus 4 in FIG. 1 and the head 6 and shaft 5 of the golf club 3 in FIG. 1 .
  • the projection plane 10 is a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • the image pickup apparatus 4 is attached to the shaft 5 via an attachment member 11 , and the portion of the shaft 5 where the image pickup apparatus 4 is attached either substantially has no flex or has less flex than the head 6 and the portion of the shaft 5 near the head 6 .
  • the optical axis of the image pickup apparatus 4 and the shaft axis are parallel, the shaft axis of the shaft 5 in a state without flex is perpendicular to the projection plane 10 .
  • the shaft axis is not perpendicular to the projection plane 10 .
  • the position coordinates on the projection plane 10 of the markers M 1 to M 3 on the head 6 are represented as pixel positions corresponding to the coordinate values along the X-axis and Y-axis depicted to the lower left in FIG. 3 .
  • the Z-axis is an axis parallel to the optical axis of the image pickup apparatus 4 . Note that for the sake of clarity, the illustration of the flex of the shafts 5 a and 5 b is exaggerated. Actually occurring flex is often less than the flex in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating an example of a golf club image captured during a golf swing by the image pickup apparatus 4 in FIG. 1 .
  • the position of the shaft 5 and the head 6 in FIG. 4 is the position immediately before impact, which is the point in time at which the head 6 hits the golf ball 9 .
  • the markers M 1 to M 3 which are identifiers, are attached to the upper surface of the head 6 . At least one identifier suffices, and of course it is also possible to provide three markers, as in the figures, or to provide a plurality of markers of differing types.
  • the markers M 4 to M 6 shown with dashed lines respectively correspond to the positions of the markers M 1 to M 3 at the start of the golf swing.
  • step S 03 above the position information acquisition unit of the measurement apparatus 2 acquires the position information of the markers M 1 to M 3 as pixel coordinates, taking the origin (0, 0) to be the lower-left in the XY plane that is the projection plane.
  • the position information of the markers M 1 to M 3 on the projection plane 10 is the relative position of the head 6 with respect to the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • step S 04 above the measurement unit of the measurement apparatus 2 can measure the flex of the shaft 5 reflected in the relative position of the head 6 with respect to the image pickup apparatus 4 . Furthermore, using the golf club 3 in which any number of markers are attached to the shaft 5 , similar measurement can be performed to measure the flex amount or flex form of the shaft 5 in even greater detail.
  • the measurement unit can, for example, measure the rotation behavior of the head 6 by calculating the angle formed between a line connecting the markers M 4 and M 5 (referred to below as the M 4 -M 5 line), corresponding to the face orientation of the head 6 at the start of the golf swing, and a line connecting M 1 and M 2 (referred to below as the M 1 -M 2 line).
  • the rotation behavior of the head 6 can be measured as the relative angle, at each point in time during the golf swing, with respect to the face orientation of the head 6 at the start of the golf swing.
  • the measurement unit of the measurement apparatus 2 can determine the change over time in position information on the projection plane 10 of the markers M 1 to M 3 acquired by the position information acquisition unit.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the change in position of the markers M 1 to M 3 over time in the X-axis direction on the projection plane 10 of the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • the horizontal axis represents time (ms)
  • the vertical axis represents the position (pixels) of each marker in the X-axis direction on the projection plane 10 of the image pickup apparatus.
  • the point at a time (ms) of 0 is the time of impact, when the head 6 hits the golf ball 9 .
  • the X-axis direction position on the projection plane of the markers M 1 to M 3 on the head 6 tends to move left and right similarly towards the time of impact.
  • the markers M 1 to M 3 on the head 6 first move to the left along the X-axis on the projection plane 10 immediately after the start of the golf swing, and subsequently move slowly to the right along the X-axis on the projection plane 10 , moving once again to the left along the X-axis on the projection plane 10 immediately before impact, until reaching the time of impact.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the change in position of the markers M 1 to M 3 over time in the Y-axis direction on the projection plane of the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • the horizontal axis represents time (ms)
  • the vertical axis represents the position (pixels) of each marker in the Y-axis direction on the projection plane 10 of the image pickup apparatus.
  • the point at a time (ms) of 0 is the time of impact, when the head 6 hits the golf ball 9 .
  • FIG. 6 it is clear that the Y-axis direction position on the projection plane of the markers M 1 to M 3 on the head 6 tends to move up and down similarly towards the time of impact.
  • the markers M 1 to M 3 on the head 6 first sway up and down in the Y-axis direction on the projection plane 10 immediately after the start of the golf swing and then move suddenly in the direction of the Y-axis. Next, the markers M 1 to M 3 lower gradually up to a certain point and then lowers suddenly towards impact.
  • the present embodiment it is possible to measure deformation of the golf club 3 reflected in movement of the head 6 . Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to acquire information on the trajectory on the projection plane 10 of the marker M 1 on the head 6 during the golf swing, as illustrated in FIG. 7 .
  • the diamond on the plot in FIG. 7 indicates impact.
  • the trajectory of the marker M 1 on the projection plane 10 of the image pickup apparatus 4 indicates how much the head 6 is displaced relative to the image pickup apparatus 4 .
  • the factor contributing most to the relative displacement of the head 6 relative to the image pickup apparatus 4 is considered to be the flex of the shaft 5 . Accordingly, from the trajectory of the marker M 1 as illustrated in FIG. 7 , the flex of the shaft 5 at the time of the golf swing can be measured.
  • the rotation behavior of the head can be measured as illustrated in FIG. 8 .
  • This rotation behavior includes, for example, rotation in the toe down direction, i.e. the direction in which the head 6 moves away from the shaft axis, and rotation in the striking direction with the shaft as the axis.
  • the vertical axis represents the relative angle
  • the horizontal axis represents time (ms).
  • the relative angle indicates the angles of the M 1 -M 2 line and M 1 -M 3 line during the golf swing with respect to the M 4 -M 5 line, corresponding to the M 1 -M 2 line, and the M 4 -M 6 line, corresponding to the M 1 -M 3 line, at the start of the golf swing.
  • a positive value indicates a rotation angle in the striking direction
  • a negative value indicates a rotation angle in the opposite direction.
  • the solid line represents the change over time in the angle of the M 1 -M 2 line of the head 6 with respect to the M 4 -M 5 line.
  • the dashed line represents the change over time in the angle of the M 1 -M 3 line with respect to the M 4 -M 6 line. From FIG. 8 , it is clear that immediately after the start of the golf swing, the face surface exhibits a positive rotation angle due to inertia, yet subsequently becomes negative, with the face surface gradually rotating in the positive direction towards impact.
  • the change in the solid line is greater than the change in the dashed line. This is considered to be because the head 6 during the golf swing moves in the so-called toe down direction (the direction in which the head 6 moves away from the shaft axis), producing flex in the shaft 5 .
  • toe down direction the direction in which the head 6 moves away from the shaft axis
  • the method of the present embodiment it is possible to measure movement of the head 6 during a golf swing by the golfer 8 easily without needing to use a plurality of image pickup apparatuses for measuring golf club deformation.
  • the data on head movement and shaft flex during the golf swing are illustrated as temporal data, yet these data are not acquirable only as temporal data.
  • deformation of the golf club 3 can be determined as an amount of displacement from the state in which the golf club 3 undergoes no deformation whatsoever.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 the results of applying the system and method for measurement of the present embodiment to a plurality of subjects are described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10 .
  • the measurement results in FIGS. 9A to 9C illustrate the trajectory on the projection plane 10 of the marker M 1 on the head 6 during a golf swing.
  • the measurements results in FIGS. 10A to 10C illustrate the change in relative angle of the head 6 over time during a golf swing relative to the initial position of the head 6 .
  • the phases of the golf swing are divided into a backswing (solid line), downswing (dashed line), and follow through (dotted line).
  • the phases of the golf swing can be distinguished by, for example, setting up an image pickup apparatus other than the image pickup apparatus 4 to film the entire golf swing by the golfer 8 or by providing a gyro sensor in the golf club 3 .
  • an image pickup apparatus other than the image pickup apparatus 4 to film the entire golf swing by the golfer 8 or by providing a gyro sensor in the golf club 3 .
  • the measurement results for each subject differ mutually.
  • the golfer 8 is indicated as being human, yet according to the present invention, it is also possible easily to measure deformation of the golf club during a golf swing by a robot golfer. Such a robot golfer can execute a swing under fixed conditions and can, for example, easily assess uniformity of characteristics between a plurality of products having the same specifications.

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JP2011-220516 2011-10-04
JP2011220516 2011-10-04
PCT/JP2012/006399 WO2013051277A1 (ja) 2011-10-04 2012-10-04 ゴルフクラブの変形の計測システム、計測方法及び計測装置

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US10518151B2 (en) * 2013-07-15 2019-12-31 Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. Method of measuring and mapping a performance variable of a face of a golf club head
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