US20140134218A1 - Rinse-off skin care compositions containing cellulosic materials - Google Patents

Rinse-off skin care compositions containing cellulosic materials Download PDF

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US20140134218A1
US20140134218A1 US13/799,365 US201313799365A US2014134218A1 US 20140134218 A1 US20140134218 A1 US 20140134218A1 US 201313799365 A US201313799365 A US 201313799365A US 2014134218 A1 US2014134218 A1 US 2014134218A1
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Prior art keywords
hydrophobic
rinse
particles
composition according
compositions
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Abandoned
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US13/799,365
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English (en)
Inventor
Patricia Bonner
Claudia Kaminski
Danielle Lima Lorenzetti
Prithwiraj Maitra
Juliana Salles Moscardi
Jeffrey M. Wu
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Johnson and Johnson Consumer Inc
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Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies LLC
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Priority to US13/799,365 priority Critical patent/US20140134218A1/en
Application filed by Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies LLC filed Critical Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies LLC
Assigned to JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER COMPANIES, INC. reassignment JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER COMPANIES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LORENZETTI, DANIELLE LIMA, MOSCARDI, JULIANA SALLES, MAITRA, PRITHWIRAJ, BONNER, PATRICIA, KAMINSKI, CLAUDIA, WU, JEFFREY M.
Assigned to JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER COMPANIES, INC. reassignment JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER COMPANIES, INC. CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT THE TITLE AS IT APPEARS ON THE ACTUAL ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENT WHICH CONTAINED A TYPOGRAPHIC ERROR PREVIOUSLY RECORDED ON REEL 030410 FRAME 0839. ASSIGNOR(S) HEREBY CONFIRMS THE CORRECT TITLE IS ON ASSIGNMENT DOCUMENTS (NOTICE OF RECORDATION IS CORRECT). Assignors: LORENZETTI, DANIELLE LIMA, MOSCARDI, JULIANA SALLES, MAITRA, PRITHWIRAJ, BONNER, PATRICIA, KAMINSKI, CLAUDIA, WU, JEFFREY M.
Priority to CN201380058819.7A priority patent/CN104768528B/zh
Priority to IN3942DEN2015 priority patent/IN2015DN03942A/en
Priority to BR112015010395A priority patent/BR112015010395A8/pt
Priority to PCT/US2013/068694 priority patent/WO2014074581A1/en
Priority to US14/259,224 priority patent/US9549889B2/en
Publication of US20140134218A1 publication Critical patent/US20140134218A1/en
Priority to US14/521,581 priority patent/US9549890B2/en
Priority to HK15111434.4A priority patent/HK1210697A1/zh
Priority to US15/412,132 priority patent/US20170128345A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
    • A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
    • A61K8/0245—Specific shapes or structures not provided for by any of the groups of A61K8/0241
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/0241—Containing particulates characterized by their shape and/or structure
    • A61K8/027—Fibers; Fibrils
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • A61K8/42—Amides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • A61K8/8152—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
    • A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
    • A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
    • A61K8/9789—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
    • A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
    • A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
    • A61K8/9794—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A61Q19/008—Preparations for oily skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
    • A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
    • A61K2800/412—Microsized, i.e. having sizes between 0.1 and 100 microns
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
    • A61K2800/524—Preservatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/59—Mixtures
    • A61K2800/596—Mixtures of surface active compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
    • A61K2800/60—Particulates further characterized by their structure or composition
    • A61K2800/61—Surface treated
    • A61K2800/62—Coated
    • A61K2800/624—Coated by macromolecular compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
    • A61K2800/70—Biological properties of the composition as a whole

Definitions

  • compositions of this invention relate to rinse-off skin care compositions containing hydrophobic, linear cellulosic particles that reduce the presence of oil-related substances on skin.
  • Oily skin is shiny, thick and dull colored. Often, chronically oily skin has coarse pores and pimples and other embarrassing blemishes. Furthermore, chronically oily skin can be prone to developing blackheads. In this type of skin, the oil-producing sebaceous glands are overactive and produce more oil than is needed. The oil flows out of the follicles and gives the skin an undesirable greasy shine. The pores are enlarged and the skin has a coarse look. While oily skin is common in teenagers, it can occur at any age.
  • Oil absorbing powders such as silica, aluminum starch, and talc have been used in the cleansing products to help dry the skin surface oil, but they also tend to dry the skin and oily and shiny skin tend to come back quickly, usually in two to three hours.
  • Such benefits as reducing the appearance of oil on skin are particularly difficult to deliver out of a rinse-off composition such as a cleanser. This is due to the relatively short contact time between the application of a cleansing composition to the skin and the activity of rinsing the cleansing composition off the skin.
  • compositions and methods of treatment that address the condition of oily skin while keeping skin hydrated.
  • compositions and methods of this invention relate to a rinse-off skin care composition
  • a rinse-off skin care composition comprising hydrophobic, linear cellulose particles having an average length of from about 1 to about 1000 ⁇ m, a particle aspect ratio from about 1000 to about 2 and a thickness of from about 1 to about 500 ⁇ m; at least one cleansing agent selected from the group consisting of saponified fat and surfactants; and a cosmetically acceptable carrier.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph of Infrared spectra of various cotton particles and cellulose.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph of Infrared spectra of various solvent extracts from hydrophobic cotton particles and dimethicone.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating oil absorption rates of hydrophilic and hydrophobic cotton particles.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph of the speed of water absorption measured from various hydrophobic and hydrophilic cotton particles.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating average oil absorption capacity of various hydrophobic and hydrophilic cotton particles.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating average water absorption capacity of various hydrophobic and hydrophilic cotton particles.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating average sebum measurements of various cleanser formulations over time.
  • hydrophobic means materials having a surface contact angle with squalene of less than 40 degrees and/or a surface contact angle with water of greater than 90 degrees.
  • surface contact angle means the internal angle between a surface and a liquid droplet resting on that surface. Surface tension (liquid) or surface free energy (solid) is considered to be a resulting balance between the molecular interactions of the liquid-liquid and air-liquid or solid-solid and air-solid phase at the interfacial layer.
  • contact angle is a convenient and useful parameter to determine the surface free energy and wettability of any given solid surface due to the non-deformability of the solid.
  • the contact angle is determined by measuring the angle formed between substrate surface where a liquid droplet is placed and the tangent to the drop surface from the contact point. High contact angles correspond to poor wetting of the surface by the liquid and low contact angles signify good wetting. If a liquid spreads on the surface, the contact angle is considered to be zero and complete wetting is said to occur.
  • Contact angle measurements can be employed to determine the wettability of human skin by a variety of liquids, including hydrophobic liquids such as squalene and hydrophilic liquids, including water.
  • hydrophobic liquids such as squalene and hydrophilic liquids, including water.
  • a smaller contact angle with a non-polar liquid (such as squalene) corresponds to a more hydrophobic material while a smaller water contact angle corresponds to a more hydrophilic material.
  • the water contact angle of the hydrophobic, linear cellulose particles is preferably greater than 90 degrees, preferably greater than 100 degrees and more preferably greater than 120 degrees.
  • oil absorption capacity and retention refers to the weight percentage of the oil absorbed by the hydrophobic, linear cellulose particles useful in the compositions and methods of this invention. High oil absorption capacity and retention corresponds to an increased hydrophobic property.
  • the oil absorption capacity and retention of the hydrophobic, linear cellulose particles of the compositions of this invention is preferably from about 150 to about 500, and more preferably from about 300 to about 500 (% weight oil/weight particles).
  • particle means a small localized object to which can be ascribed physical properties such as volume or mass.
  • binder is used synonymously to “particle”, as defined herein.
  • linear particle means a particle having one dimension (“length”) that is greater than another dimension (“width”).
  • Linear particles may be measured and defined by size by subjecting such particles to analysis with respect to a series of sieves having different mesh sizes.
  • a sample of linear particles may have a distribution of particle sizes throughout the sample.
  • linear particle sizes as expressed herein are expressed as an average particle size and reflect the average length of the particles contained within the sample.
  • the size of linear particles useful in the compositions and methods of this invention is less than about 1000 ⁇ m in length, more preferably, it ranges from about 1 to about 1000 ⁇ m, and most preferably from about 10 to about 500 ⁇ m.
  • the preferred width of linear particles useful in the compositions and methods of this invention are about 5 to about 25 ⁇ m. More preferably, they are from about 5 to about 20 ⁇ m in width.
  • the term “particle aspect ratio” means the ratio of the length of a particle to its width.
  • the particle aspect ratio of the particles useful in the compositions and methods of this invention is from about 2 to about 1000. More preferably, the particle aspect ratio is from about 2 to about 500 and most preferably, from about 5 to about 200.
  • cellulose refers to a polysaccharide material consisting of long unbranched chains of linked glucose units, having the chemical structure set forth in Formula I below:
  • Cellulose materials useful in the compositions and methods of this invention may be derived from cotton, corn, wood pulp and bamboo pulp, silk, cork and the like.
  • the cellulose materials useful in the compositions of this invention are derived from cotton.
  • the cellulosic particles are from fibers recovered from post-industrial scrap. Such scrap is derived from waste or other pre-consumer cotton products from, for example, the apparel, carpet, furniture and household goods industries.
  • Synthetic or regenerated cotton or cellulose materials may also be used as sources for the cellulose particles useful in the compositions and methods of this invention, including rayon, viscose, cellophane, and other cellulosic materials with a uniform and reproducible molecular size and distribution.
  • the cellulose materials useful in the compositions and methods of this invention may be derived directly from the source plant (referred to herein as, “raw” particles) or may be generated from cloth or nonwoven materials previously formed from plant or cellulose fibers (referred to herein as “regenerated” particles).
  • raw particles referred to herein as, “raw” particles
  • regenerated particles cloth or nonwoven materials previously formed from plant or cellulose fibers
  • cotton cloth may be processed so as to break the cloth into small particles and/or uniform fiber length by cutting the length of the cotton fibers from inches to microns.
  • This random-cut fiber is available in several grades, white, dark, and unbleached, with average fiber lengths from about 1 micron to about 1000 microns and preferably from about 2 microns to about 500 microns.
  • hydrophilic, raw cellulose particles having similar size, aspect ratio and other characteristics to those of hydrophobic linear particles useful in the present invention may also be useful in the rinse-off and cleansing compositions of this invention.
  • hydrophobic cellulose particles useful in the compositions of this invention may be processed according to the following methods.
  • One such method comprises mixing a cellulosic material derived from post-industrial scrap, as defined above, with at least one of grinding aids selected from the group including water, fatty acids, synthetic polymers and organic solvents, and, after mixing, mechanically grinding the mixture.
  • grinding aids selected from the group including water, fatty acids, synthetic polymers and organic solvents
  • Another method of obtaining hydrophobic cellulose particles is freezing a cellulosic material derived from post-industrial scrap at a low temperature, and then mechanically grinding said frozen material.
  • the cellulose particles useful in the compositions and methods of this invention may be further treated with hydrophobic agents to yield hydrophobic cellulose particles.
  • a hydrophobic coating agent may be used to treat the cellulose particles.
  • the hydrophobic coating agent may be any such agent known to one of skill in the art.
  • Preferred hydrophobic coating agents react chemically with the cellulose particle to provide a durable covalent bond thereto and have hydrophobic chemical backbones or substituents that can provide a hydrophobic outer layer around each individual cellulosic particle.
  • the coating agent may react, for example, with hydroxyl groups, available oxygen atoms present on the surface of the cellulose particle being coated.
  • Hydrophobic agents may include, but are not limited to, low water soluble organic compounds such as metal soap, e.g., a metal myristate, metal stearate, a metal palmitate, a metal laurate or other fatty acid derivatives known to one of skill in the art.
  • Other hydrophobic agents may include an organic wax, such as a synthetic wax like polyethylene or a natural wax like carnauba wax.
  • Hydrophobic agents useful in coating the cellulose particles useful in the compositions and methods of this invention may also be long chain fatty acids or esters such as stearic acid, oleic acid, castor oil, isododecane, silicone, and their derivatives, non-water soluble polymers, e.g.
  • hydrophobic linear cotton particles useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, Cotton Fiber Flock CD60, available from Goonvean Fiber and W200 White Cotton Flock, available from International Fiber Corporation.
  • hydrophobic cellulose particles of this invention may be formulated into a variety of “rinse-off” skin care applications.
  • rinse-off indicates that the compositions of the present invention are used in a context whereby the composition is ultimately rinsed or washed from the treated surface, (e.g. skin or hard surfaces) either after or during the application of the product. These rinse-off compositions are to be distinguished from compositions which are applied to the skin and allowed to remain on the skin subsequent to application.
  • the rinse-off, cellulose particle-containing compositions of this invention may be formulated into a wide variety of rinse-off compositions for personal care, including but not limited to liquid cleansers, creamy cleansers, gel cleansers, soaps and makeup removers.
  • the topical cosmetic compositions of this invention may contain a carrier, which should be a cosmetically and/or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the carrier should be suitable for topical application to the skin, should have good aesthetic properties and should be compatible with other components in the composition.
  • These product types may comprise several types of cosmetically acceptable topical carriers including, but not limited to solutions, emulsions (e.g., microemulsions and nanoemulsions), gels, solids and liposomes.
  • emulsions e.g., microemulsions and nanoemulsions
  • gels e.g., gels, solids and liposomes.
  • solids e.g., gels, solids and liposomes.
  • liposomes e.g., liposomes.
  • Other carriers can be formulated by those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the rinse-off compositions of this invention preferably contain at least one cleansing agent selected from the group consisting of fatty acid soaps and synthetic surfactants and/or a mixture of such materials.
  • the compositions of this invention contain one or more skin conditioning agents.
  • the compositions of this invention may also contain one or more skin therapeutic agents.
  • the pH of the compositions of this invention ranges from about 2 to about 11. More preferably, the pH ranges from about 3 to about 10.
  • compositions of this invention may contain a saponified fat, for example, fatty acid soaps containing from about 6 to about 22 carbon atoms, preferably form about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms.
  • Fatty acid soaps having from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms are preferably present in the compositions of this invention in an amount of from about 1 to about 60% by weight.
  • the fatty acid soaps useful in the compositions of this invention are organic soaps obtained using organic neutralizers including, but not limited to, ammonium soap, trialkanolamine soap, aminomethyl propanol soap, aminomethyl propanedial soap and tromethamine soap, more preferably triethanolamine soap and aminomethyl propanol soap and the like.
  • the synthetic surfactants useful in the compositions of this invention are preferably synthetic surfactants selected from anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants. Preferably, they are present in the compositions of this invention in amounts from about 1 to about 40%, more preferably from about 1 to about 30% and most preferably from about 5 to about 30% by weight of the composition.
  • Ampholytic synthetic detergents can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic amines which contain a long chain of about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an anionic water-solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfo or sulfato. Examples of compounds falling within this definition are sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium-3-dodecylamino propane sulfonate, and dodecyl dimethylammonium hexanoate. Other examples of ampholytic and amphoteric surfactants are found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,318,817, issued to Cunningham 15 on May 9, 1967, and hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • amphoteric surfactants are those having the formula:
  • Zwitterionic surface active agents are broadly described as internally neutralized derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium and tertiary sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radical can be straight chain or branched, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water-solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfo, sulfato, phosphato, or phosphono.
  • Some of these zwitterionic surfactants are described in the following U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,129,264; 2,178,353; 2,774,786; 2,813,898; and 2,828,332.
  • zwitterionic surfactants are those having the formula:
  • the water-soluble betaine surfactants are another example of a zwitterionic surfactant useful herein. These materials have the general formula:
  • betaine compounds of this type include dodecyldimethylammonium acetate, tetradecyldimethylammonium acetate, hexadecyldimethylammonium acetate, alkyldimethylammonium acetate wherein the alkyl group averages about 12 to 18 carbon atoms in length, dodecyldimethylammonium butanoate, tetradecyldimethylammonium butanoate, hexadecyldimethylammonium butanoate, dodecyldimethylammonium hexanoate, hexadecyldimethylammonium hexanoate, tetradecyldimethylammonium pentanoate and tetradecyldipropyl ammonium pentanoate.
  • Especially preferred betaine surfactants include dodecyldimethylammonium acetate, dodecyldimethylammonium hexanoate, hexadecyldimethylammonium acetate, and hexadecyldimethylammonium hexanoate.
  • low molecular weight polymer refers to a polymer having a number average molecular weight (M n ) of about 100,000 or less as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) calibrated with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) standard.
  • M n number average molecular weight
  • PMMA poly(methyl methacrylate)
  • low-molecular weight polymers are those having molecular weight ranges of from about 5,000 to about 80,000 M n , more preferably from about 10,000 to about 50,000 M n , and more preferably between about 15,000 and 40,000 M n .
  • the polymeric material useful in the composition of this invention is preferably a polymeric material suitable for associating anionic and/or amphoteric surfactant thereto and is preferably a non-crosslinked, linear acrylic copolymer that mitigates the impaired dermal barrier damage typically associated with surfactant systems without substantially increasing viscosity build.
  • the non-crosslinked, linear polymers are preferably of low molecular weight having a number average molecular weight of 100,000 or less as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) calibrated with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) standard (as used herein, unless otherwise specified, all number average molecular weights (M n ) refer to molecular weight measured in such manner).
  • the polymeric material functions as a copolymeric mitigant.
  • the copolymeric mitigant is polymerized from at least two monomeric components.
  • the first monomeric component is selected from one or more ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing at least one carboxylic acid group.
  • This acid group can be derived from monoacids or diacids, anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids, monoesters of diacids, and salts thereof.
  • the second monomeric component is hydrophobically modified (relative to the first monomeric component) and is selected from one or more ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated non-acid monomers containing a C 1 to C 9 alkyl group, including linear and branched C 1 to C 9 alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, vinyl esters of linear and branched C 1 to C 10 carboxylic acids, and mixtures thereof.
  • the second monomeric component is represented by the formula:
  • R is hydrogen or methyl; X is —C(O)OR 1 or —OC(O)R 2 ; R 1 is linear or branched C 1 to C 9 alkyl; and R 2 is hydrogen or linear or branched C 1 to C 9 alkyl.
  • R 1 and R 2 is linear or branched C 1 to C 8 alkyl and in a further aspect R 1 and R 2 are linear or branched C 2 to C 5 alkyl.
  • Exemplary first monomeric components include (meth)acrylic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, aconitic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • Exemplary second monomeric components include ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, 1-methylvinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl 2-ethylhexanoate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl neodecanoate, and mixtures thereof.
  • (meth)acrylic acid and “(meth)acrylate” are meant to include the corresponding methyl derivatives of acrylic acid and the corresponding alkyl acrylate.
  • (meth)acrylic” acid refers to acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid
  • (meth)acrylate” refers to alkyl acrylate and/or alkyl methacrylate.
  • said first monomeric component is selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid and said second monomeric component is selected from the group consisting of at least one C 1 to C 9 alkyl (meth)acrylate.
  • the non-crosslinked, linear acrylic copolymer mitigants of the invention can be synthesized via free radical polymerization techniques known in the art.
  • the amount of the first monomeric component to the second monomeric component utilized ranges from about 20:80% to about 50:50% by weight, based on the total weight of all of the monomers in the polymerization medium.
  • the weight ratio of the first monomeric component to the second monomeric component is about 35:65% by weight, and in a further aspect the weight ratio of first monomeric component to second monomeric component is about 25:75% by weight, all based on the total weight of all monomers in the polymerization medium.
  • emulsion polymerization techniques can be used to synthesize the non-crosslinked, linear acrylic copolymer mitigants that may be useful in the invention.
  • a mixture of the disclosed monomers is added with mixing agitation to a solution of emulsifying surfactant, such as, for example, an anionic surfactant (e.g., fatty alcohol sulfates or alkyl sulfonates), in a suitable amount of water, in a suitable reactor, to prepare a monomer emulsion.
  • emulsifying surfactant such as, for example, an anionic surfactant (e.g., fatty alcohol sulfates or alkyl sulfonates)
  • the emulsion is deoxygenated by any convenient method, such as by sparging with nitrogen, and then a polymerization reaction is initiated by adding a polymerization catalyst (initiator) such as sodium persulfate, or any other suitable addition polymerization catalyst, as is well known in the emulsion polymerization art.
  • a polymerization catalyst such as sodium persulfate, or any other suitable addition polymerization catalyst, as is well known in the emulsion polymerization art.
  • the polymerization medium is agitated until the polymerization is complete, typically for a time in the range of about 4 to about 16 hours.
  • the monomer emulsion can be heated to a temperature in the range of about 70 to about 95° C. prior to addition of the initiator, if desired. Unreacted monomer can be eliminated by addition of more catalyst, as is well known in the emulsion polymerization art.
  • the resulting polymer emulsion product can then be discharged from the reactor and packaged for storage or use.
  • the pH or other physical and chemical characteristics of the emulsion can be adjusted prior to discharge from the reactor.
  • the product emulsion has a total solids content in the range of about 10 to about 50% by weight.
  • the total polymer content (polymer solids) of the product emulsion is in the range of about 15 to about 45% by weight, generally not more than about 35% by weight.
  • the number average molecular weight (M n ) of the linear copolymeric mitigants that may be useful in the invention as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) calibrated with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) standard is 100,000 or less.
  • the molecular weight ranges between about 5,000 and about 80,000 M n , in a further aspect between about 10,000 and 50,000 M n , and in a still further aspect between about 15,000 and 40,000 M n .
  • the linear copolymeric mitigants have a viscosity of 500 mPa ⁇ s or less (Brookfield RVT, 20 rpm, spindle no. 1) at a 5% by weight polymer solids concentration in deionized water and neutralized to pH 7 with an 18% by weight NaOH solution.
  • the viscosity can range from about 1 to about 500 mPa ⁇ s in another aspect, from about 10 to about 250 mPa ⁇ s in a further aspect, and from about 15 to about 150 mPa ⁇ s in a still further aspect.
  • the low molecular weight, non-crosslinked linear acrylic copolymer is potassium acrylates copolymer.
  • Non-ethoxylated anionic surfactants are surfactants that have a negative charge and do not contain any ethoxylated segments, that is to say there are no —(C—C—O) v segments on the surfactants.
  • suitable non-ethoxylated anionic surfactants include those selected from the following classes of surfactants: alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl monoglyceride sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfosuccinamates, alkyl carboxylates, fatty alkyl sulfoacetates, alkyl phosphates, acylglutamates, sarcosinates, taurates, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
  • examples of certain preferred anionic surfactants include:
  • alkyl monoglyceride sulfates of the formula
  • alkyl monoglyceride sulfonates of the formula
  • alkyl sulfonates of the formula
  • alkylaryl sulfonates of the formula
  • alkyl sulfosuccinates of the formula:
  • the anionic surfactant of this invention is preferably a non-ethoxylated SO x anionic surfactant conforming to the structure below
  • SO 3 ⁇ is the anionic hydrophilic group
  • M + is a monovalent cation (such as NH 4 + , Na + , K + , (HOCH 2 CH 2 ) 3 N + , etc.)
  • R comprises any of a broad range of hydrophobic groups and optionally, a) functional groups to link the hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties and/or b) additional hydrophilic groups. Examples include:
  • Alkyl sulfonates where R equals C 6 -C 20 alkyl, (linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated), preferably C 10 -C 18 , and most preferably C 12 -C 17 .
  • R equals C 6 -C 20 alkyl, (linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated), preferably C 10 -C 18 , and most preferably C 12 -C 17 .
  • R 1 ⁇ C 4 -C 16 alkyl or mixtures thereof preferably C 6 -C 12 , more preferably C 8 -C 12 , and most preferably C 10 -C 12 .
  • Specific examples include Sodium C 12-14 Olefin Sulfonate (R 1 ⁇ C 8 -C 10 alkyl, M + ⁇ Na + ) and Sodium C 14-16 Olefin Sulfonate (R 1 ⁇ C 10 -C 12 alkyl, M + ⁇ Na + ).
  • Alkyl sulfate esters where R 1 ⁇ C 6 -C 20 ,
  • amphoteric means: 1) molecules that contain both acidic and basic sites such as, for example, an amino acid containing both amino (basic) and acid (e.g., carboxylic acid, acidic) functional groups; or 2) zwitterionic molecules which possess both positive and negative charges within the same molecule.
  • the charges of the latter may be either dependent on or independent of the pH of the composition.
  • zwitterionic materials include, but are not limited to, alkyl betaines and amidoalkyl betaines as set forth above and below.
  • the amphoteric surfactants are disclosed herein without a counter ion.
  • amphoteric surfactants are either electrically neutral by virtue of having balancing positive and negative charges, or they have counter ions such as alkali metal, alkaline earth, or ammonium counter ions.
  • amphoteric surfactants suitable for use in this invention include, but are not limited to, amphocarboxylates such as alkylamphoacetates (mono or di); alkyl betaines; amidoalkyl betaines; alkyl sultaines; amidoalkyl sultaines; amphophosphates; phosphorylated imidazolines such as phosphobetaines and pyrophosphobetaines; carboxyalkyl alkyl polyamines; alkylimino-dipropionates; alkylamphoglycinates (mono or di); alkylamphoproprionates (mono or di),); N-alkyl ⁇ -aminoproprionic acids; alkylpolyamino carboxylates; and mixtures thereof.
  • amphocarboxylates such as alkylamphoacetates (mono or di); alkyl betaines; amidoalkyl betaines; alkyl sultaines; amidoalkyl sul
  • amphocarboxylate compounds include those of the formula:
  • alkyl betaines examples include those compounds of the formula:
  • a preferred betaine for use in this invention is lauryl betaine, available commercially from Albright & Wilson, Ltd. of West Midlands, United Kingdom as “Empigen BB/J.”
  • amidoalkyl betaines examples include those compounds of the formula:
  • amidoalkyl betaine is cocamidopropyl betaine, available commercially from Goldschmidt Chemical Corporation of Hopewell, Va. under the tradename, “Tegobetaine L7.”
  • amidoalkyl sultaines examples include those compounds of the formula
  • the amidoalkyl sultaine is cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, available commercially from Rhone-Poulenc Inc. of Cranbury, N.J. under the tradename, “Mirataine CBS.”
  • amphophosphate compounds include those of the formula:
  • amphophosphate compounds are sodium lauroampho PG-acetate phosphate, available commercially from Mona Industries of Paterson, N.J. under the tradename, “Monateric 1023,” and those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,380,637, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • Suitable phosphobetaines include those compounds of the formula:
  • the phosphobetaine compounds are those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,215,064, 4,617,414, and 4,233,192, which are all incorporated herein by reference.
  • Suitable pyrophosphobetaines include those compounds of the formula:
  • the pyrophosphobetaine compounds are those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,382,036, 4,372,869, and 4,617,414, which are all incorporated herein by reference.
  • carboxyalkyl alkylpolyamines examples include those of the formula:
  • I is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing from about 8 to about 22, e.g. from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms;
  • R 22 is a carboxyalkyl group having from about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms
  • R 21 is an alkylene group having from about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms and
  • compositions of this invention may comprise from greater than zero to about 6 weight percent of polymeric material (based on active amount of polymeric material in the total weight of composition). In certain more preferred embodiments, the compositions comprise from about 0.1 to about 4.5 weight percent of polymeric material, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 3.5 weight percent of polymeric material, and even more preferably from about 0.2 to about 2.5 weight percent of polymeric material.
  • the polymeric material should be present in an amount between about 0.03 and about 2.1 weight percent of the composition. Where cocobetaine is present as a surfactant, there should be less than about 0.03 weight percent or more than about 1.6 weight percent of polymeric material in the composition.
  • the compositions of this invention comprise from about 0.0015 to about 15 weight percent of surfactants based on total active amount of surfactant(s) in the total weight of composition. In certain more preferred embodiments, the compositions comprise from about 2 to about 12 weight percent of total surfactants. Preferred embodiment formulas have from about 2 to about 9 weight percent total surfactants. Preferred embodiments have from about 2 to about 7 weight percent total surfactants. In cases in which cocobetaine is present, said cocobetaine should be present in an amount less than about 0.065 weight percent or greater than about 3.5 weight percent in the composition.
  • the pH of the composition should be between 4.8 and about 6.
  • the pH of the composition can be less than or equal to 6, preferably between 2.5 and 6.
  • the non-crosslinked, linear acrylic copolymers useful in the compositions of this invention can be synthesized via free radical polymerization techniques known in the art.
  • the amount of the first monomeric component to the second monomeric component utilized ranges from about 20:80 wt. % to about 50:50 wt. %, based on the total weight of all of the monomers in the polymerization medium.
  • the weight ratio of the first monomeric component to the second monomeric component is about 35:65 wt. %, and in a further aspect the weight ratio of first monomeric component to second monomeric component is about 25:75 wt. %, all based on the total weight of all monomers in the polymerization medium.
  • the cleansing compositions produced, as well as any of the compositions containing polymeric material and a surfactant component having at least one non-ethoxylated anionic surfactant and at least one amphoteric surfactant that are combined in the combining step according to the methods of this invention may further contain any of a variety of other components nonexclusively including additives which enhance the appearance, feel and fragrance of the compositions, such as colorants, fragrances, preservatives, pH adjusting agents and the like.
  • nonionic surfactants are suitable for use in the compositions of this invention, keeping in mind that total surfactant load should not exceed about 14 weight percent of the compositions set forth herein.
  • suitable nonionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, fatty alcohol acid or amide ethoxylates, monoglyceride ethoxylates, sorbitan ester ethoxylates, alkyl polyglucosides, polyglyceryl esters, mixtures thereof, and the like.
  • Certain preferred nonionic surfactants include alkyl polyglucosides, such as but not limited to coco-glucoside and decyl-glucoside, and polyglyceryl esters, such as but not limited to polyglyceryl-10 laurate and polyglyceryl-10 oleate.
  • the volatile silicone conditioning agent has an atmospheric pressure boiling point less than about 220° C.
  • the volatile silicone conditioner may be present in an amount of from about 0 percent to about 3 percent, e.g. from about 0.25 percent to about 2.5 percent or from about 0.5 percent to about 1 percent, based on the overall weight of the composition.
  • suitable volatile silicones nonexclusively include polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylcyclosiloxane, hexamethyldisiloxane, cyclomethicone fluids such as polydimethylcyclosiloxane available commercially from Dow Corning Corporation of Midland, Mich. under the tradename, “DC-345” and mixtures thereof, and preferably include cyclomethicone fluids.
  • humectants which are capable of providing moisturization and conditioning properties to the personal cleansing composition, are suitable for use in this invention.
  • the humectant may be present in an amount of from about 0 percent to about 10 percent, e.g. from about 0.5 percent to about 5 percent or from about 0.5 percent to about 3 percent, based on the overall weight of the composition.
  • humectants nonexclusively include: 1) water soluble liquid polyols selected from the group comprising glycerine, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and mixtures thereof; 2)polyalkylene glycol of the formula: HO—(R′′O) b —H, wherein R′′ is an alkylene group having from about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms and b is an integer of from about 2 to about 10; 3) polyethylene glycol ether of methyl glucose of formula CH 3 —C 6 H 10 O 5 —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) c —OH, wherein c is an integer from about 5 to about 25; 4) urea; and 5) mixtures thereof, with glycerine being the preferred humectant.
  • chelating agents include those which are capable of protecting and preserving the compositions of this invention.
  • the chelating agent is ethylenediamine tetracetic acid (“EDTA”), and more preferably is tetrasodium EDTA, available commercially from Dow Chemical Company of Midland, Mich. under the tradename, “Versene 100XL” and is present in an amount, based upon the total weight of the composition, from about 0 to about 0.5 percent or from about 0.05 percent to about 0.25 percent.
  • EDTA ethylenediamine tetracetic acid
  • Versene 100XL available commercially from Dow Chemical Company of Midland, Mich. under the tradename, “Versene 100XL”
  • Suitable preservatives include organic acid preservatives may include benzoic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof (e.g. sodium benzoate), sorbic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof (e.g. potassium sorbate), p-Anisic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof, and salicylic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof.
  • organic acid preservatives may include benzoic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof (e.g. sodium benzoate), sorbic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof (e.g. potassium sorbate), p-Anisic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof, and salicylic acid and alkali metal and ammonium salts thereof.
  • the pH of the composition may be adjusted to the appropriate acidic value using any cosmetically acceptable organic or inorganic acid, such as citric acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, or hydrochloric acid.
  • any cosmetically acceptable organic or inorganic acid such as citric acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, or hydrochloric acid.
  • sodium benzoate is present in the composition in an amount, based upon the total weight of the composition, from about 0 to about 0.5 percent.
  • potassium sorbate is present in the composition in an amount, based upon the total weight of the composition, from about 0 to about 0.6 percent, more preferably from about 0.3 to about 0.5 percent.
  • the methods of this invention may further comprise any of a variety of steps for mixing or introducing one or more of the optional components described hereinabove with or into a composition comprising a polymeric material before, after, or simultaneously with the combining step described above. While in certain embodiments, the order of mixing is not critical, it is preferable, in other embodiments, to pre-blend certain components, such as the fragrance and the nonionic surfactant before adding such components into a composition comprising a polymeric material and/or an anionic surfactant.
  • the cleansing methods of this invention may further include any of a variety of additional, optional steps associated conventionally with cleansing hair and skin including, for example, lathering, rinsing steps, and the like.
  • compositions useful in the compositions of this invention may be formulated as solutions.
  • Solutions typically include an aqueous solvent (e.g., from about 50% to about 99.99% or from about 90% to about 99% of a cosmetically acceptable aqueous solvent).
  • Topical compositions useful in the subject invention may be formulated as a solution comprising an emollient.
  • Such compositions preferably contain from about 2% to about 50% of an emollient(s).
  • emollients refer to materials used for the prevention or relief of dryness, as well as for the protection of the skin.
  • suitable emollients is known and may be used herein. Sagarin, Cosmetics, Science and Technology, 2nd Edition, Vol. 1, pp. 32-43 (1972) and the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, eds. Wenninger and McEwen, pp. 1656-61, 1626, and 1654-55 (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Assoc., Washington, D.C., 7 th Edition, 1997) (hereinafter “ICI Handbook”) contains numerous examples of suitable materials.
  • the rinse-off compositions of this invention contain from about 1% to about 20% (e.g., from about 5% to about 10%) of an emollient(s) and from about 50% to about 90% (e.g., from about 60% to about 80%) of water.
  • Topical compositions useful in the subject invention may be formulated as a solution containing an emulsifier. Such compositions preferably contain from about 0.1% to about 1% of an emulsifier.
  • Emulsifiers may be nonionic, anionic or cationic. Suitable emulsifiers are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,755,560, U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,769, McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American Edition, pp. 317-324 (1986), and the ICI Handbook, pp. 1673-1686.
  • a creamy cleanser preferably contains from about 5% to about 50% (e.g., from about 10% to about 20%) of an emollient(s) and from about 45% to about 85% (e.g., from about 50% to about 75%) of water.
  • compositions useful in this invention formulated as emulsions.
  • the carrier is an emulsion, from about 1% to about 10% (e.g., from about 2% to about 5%) of the carrier comprises an emulsifier(s).
  • Emulsifiers may be nonionic, anionic or cationic. Suitable emulsifiers are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,755,560, U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,769, McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American Edition, pp. 317-324 (1986), and the ICI Handbook, pp. 1673-1686.
  • the topical rinse-off compositions of this invention may also be formulated as emulsions.
  • lotions comprise from 0.5% to about 5% of an emulsifier(s).
  • Such creams would typically comprise from about 1% to about 20% (e.g., from about 5% to about 10%) of an emollient(s); from about 20% to about 80% (e.g., from 30% to about 70%) of water; and from about 1% to about 10% (e.g., from about 2% to about 5%) of an emulsifier(s).
  • Single emulsion skin care preparations such as lotions and creams, of the oil-in-water type and water-in-oil type are well-known in the cosmetic art and are useful in the subject invention.
  • Multiphase emulsion compositions such as the water-in-oil-in-water type, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,254,105 and 4,960,764, are also useful in the subject invention.
  • such single or multiphase emulsions contain water, emollients, and emulsifiers as essential ingredients.
  • the topical compositions of this invention can also be formulated as a gel (e.g., an aqueous gel using a suitable gelling agent(s)).
  • suitable gelling agents for aqueous gels include, but are not limited to, natural gums, acrylic acid and acrylate polymers and copolymers, and cellulose derivatives (e.g., hydroxymethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose).
  • Suitable gelling agents for oils include, but are not limited to, hydrogenated butylene/ethylene/styrene copolymer and hydrogenated ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer.
  • Such gels typically comprises between about 0.1% and 5%, by weight, of such gelling agents.
  • compositions of this invention may also be formulated as suspensions.
  • the compositions of this invention preferably contain a suspending agent.
  • suspending agent means any material known or otherwise effective in providing suspending, gelling, viscosifying, solidifying and/or thickening properties to the composition or which otherwise provide structure to the final product form.
  • suspending agents include gelling agents, and polymeric or nonpolymeric or inorganic thickening or viscosifying agents. Such materials will typically be solids under ambient conditions and include organic solids, silicone solids, crystalline or other gellants, inorganic particulates such as clays or silicas, or combinations thereof.
  • suspending agent selected for use in the topical leave-on compositions of this invention will vary depending upon the desired product hardness, rheology, and/or other related product characteristics. For most suspending agents suitable for use herein, total concentrations range from about 0.1% to about 40%, more typically from about 0.1% to about 35%, by weight of the composition. Suspending agent concentrations will tend to be lower for liquid embodiments (e.g., pressurized or other liquid sprays, roll-ons, etc) and higher for semi-solid (e.g., soft solids or creams) or solid cleanser embodiments.
  • the suspending agents are present in the compositions of this invention in an amount from about 0.1% to about 40%, more preferably, the suspending agents are present in an amount from about 0.1% to about 30.
  • Non limiting examples of suitable suspending agents include hydrogenated castor oil (e.g., Castor wax MP80, Castor Wax, etc.), fatty alcohols (e.g., stearyl alcohol), solid paraffins, triglycerides and other similar solid suspending esters or other microcrystalline waxes, silicone and modified silicone waxes.
  • suitable suspending agents include hydrogenated castor oil (e.g., Castor wax MP80, Castor Wax, etc.), fatty alcohols (e.g., stearyl alcohol), solid paraffins, triglycerides and other similar solid suspending esters or other microcrystalline waxes, silicone and modified silicone waxes.
  • suitable suspending agents suitable for use herein are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,976,514 (Guskey et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 5,891,424 (Bretzler et al.), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Suitable suspending agents include silicone elastomers at concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to about 10%, by weight of the composition.
  • silicone elastomer materials suitable for use as a suspending agent herein are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,654,362 (Schulz, Jr. et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 6,060,546 (Powell et al.) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,919,437 (Lee et al.), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.
  • These silicone elastomers materials can also be added for their skin feel or other cosmetic benefits alone, or for such benefits in combination with suspending agent benefits.
  • topical compositions of this invention can also be formulated into a solid formulation (e.g., a wax-based stick, soap bar composition, powder, or a wipe containing powder).
  • a solid formulation e.g., a wax-based stick, soap bar composition, powder, or a wipe containing powder.
  • compositions useful in the subject invention may contain, in addition to the aforementioned components, a wide variety of additional oil-soluble materials and/or water-soluble materials conventionally used in compositions for use on skin, hair, and nails at their art-established levels.
  • the topical composition further comprises another cosmetically active agent in addition to the cellulose particles.
  • a “cosmetically active agent” is a compound that has a cosmetic or therapeutic effect on the skin, hair, or nails, e.g., lightening agents, darkening agents such as self-tanning agents, anti-acne agents, shine control agents, anti-microbial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-mycotic agents, anti-parasite agents, external analgesics, sunscreens, photoprotectors, antioxidants, keratolytic agents, detergents/surfactants, moisturizers, nutrients, vitamins, energy enhancers, anti-perspiration agents, astringents, deodorants, hair removers, firming agents, anti-callous agents, and agents for hair, nail, and/or skin conditioning.
  • the agent is selected from, but not limited to, the group consisting of hydroxy acids, benzoyl peroxide, sulfur resorcinol, ascorbic acid, D-panthenol, hydroquinone, octyl methoxycinnimate, titanium dioxide, octyl salicylate, homosalate, avobenzone, polyphenolics, carotenoids, free radical scavengers, spin traps, retinoids such as retinol and retinyl palmitate, ceramides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, essential fatty acids, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, minerals, hormones such as estrogens, steroids such as hydrocortisone, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, copper salts such as copper chloride, peptides containing copper such as Cu:Gly-His-Lys, coenzyme Q10, peptides such as those disclosed in U.S.
  • composition of the invention will typically be present in the composition of the invention in an amount of from about 0.001% to about 20% by weight of the composition, e.g., about 0.01% to about 10% such as about 0.1% to about 5%.
  • vitamins include, but are not limited to, vitamin A, vitamin Bs such as vitamin B3, vitamin B5, and vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin K, and vitamin E and derivatives thereof.
  • hydroxy acids include, but are not limited, to glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, salicylic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid and the like.
  • antioxidants include, but are not limited to, water-soluble antioxidants such as sulfhydryl compounds and their derivatives (e.g., sodium metabisulfite and N-acetyl-cysteine), lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid, resveratrol, lactoferrin, and ascorbic acid and ascorbic acid derivatives (e.g., ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl polypeptide).
  • water-soluble antioxidants such as sulfhydryl compounds and their derivatives (e.g., sodium metabisulfite and N-acetyl-cysteine), lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid, resveratrol, lactoferrin, and ascorbic acid and ascorbic acid derivatives (e.g., ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl polypeptide).
  • Oil-soluble antioxidants suitable for use in the compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to, butylated hydroxytoluene, retinoids (e.g., retinol and retinyl palmitate), tocopherols (e.g., tocopherol acetate), tocotrienols, and ubiquinone.
  • Natural extracts containing antioxidants suitable for use in the compositions of this invention include, but not limited to, extracts containing flavonoids and isoflavonoids and their derivatives (e.g., genistein and diadzein), extracts containing resveratrol and the like. Examples of such natural extracts include grape seed, green tea, pine bark, and propolis. Other examples of antioxidants may be found on pages 1612-13 of the ICI Handbook.
  • compositions useful in the subject invention include humectants, proteins and polypeptides, preservatives and an alkaline agent. Examples of such agents are disclosed in the ICI Handbook, pp. 1650-1667.
  • compositions of this invention may also comprise chelating agents (e.g., EDTA) and preservatives (e.g., parabens). Examples of suitable preservatives and chelating agents are listed in pp. 1626 and 1654-55 of the ICI Handbook.
  • topical compositions useful herein can contain conventional cosmetic adjuvants, such as dyes, opacifiers (e.g., titanium dioxide), pigments, and fragrances.
  • hydrophobic cellulose particles useful in the compositions of this invention have excellent water and oil absorption properties. It is believed that the compositions of this invention contain hydrophobic cellulose particles may absorb excess sebum from the skin, thus reducing skin shininess.
  • the compositions of this invention also are believed to protect the skin barrier by forming a hydrophobic layer on the surface of the skin and preventing the penetration of surfactants, emulsifiers or other potentially irritating ingredients.
  • a hydrophobic layer formed on the surface of the skin should reduce trans-epithelial water loss and increase hydration of the skin.
  • it may be desired that the cellulose particles have enhanced or decreased hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties.
  • hydrophobic cellulose particles useful in the compositions of this invention may be treated with additional hydrophobic agents or hydrophilic agents, thus further enhancing hydophobic and/or hydrophilic properties respectively, as desired.
  • Hydrophobic agents may include but not limited to low water soluble organic compounds such as long chain fatty acids or esters such as stearic acid, oleic acid, castor oil, isododecane, silicone, and their derivatives, non-water soluble polymers, e.g.
  • high molecular weight methylcellulose and ethylcellulose, and high molecular water insoluble fluoropolymers etc. polymerized siloxanes or polysiloxanes with the chemical formula [R2SiO]n, where R is an organic group such as methyl, ethyl, or phenyl, such as dimethicone, dimethicone copolyol, dimethicone ester; methicone and their derivatives.
  • Hydrophilic agents such as water soluble polymers, e.g. low molecular weight methyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (PMC); sugars, e.g.
  • cellulose particles used in the compositions of this invention.
  • monosaccharides such as fructose and glucose
  • disaccharides such as lactose, sucrose
  • polysaccharides such as cellulose, amylose, dextran, etc. and low molecular polyvinyl alcohol, and hydrated silica may also be used to enhance the hydrophilic properties of the cellulose particles used in the compositions of this invention.
  • the textures of the compositions formulated with the hydrophobic linear cellulose particles of this invention are “fluffy”, silky and soft and aesthetically pleasing to the touch during and after the application.
  • the term “fluffy” as used herein refers to the bulk density of the hydrophobic linear cellulose particles useful in the compositions of this invention.
  • the bulk density of the hydrophobic linear cellulose particles useful in the compositions of this invention is preferably from about 0.1 to about 2 (g/cm 3 ), more preferably from about 0.15 to about 1.8 g/cm 3 , and most preferably from about 0.15 to about 1.6 g/cm 3 .
  • the cellulose particles useful in the compositions of this invention are present in the compositions in an amount of from about 1 to about 20% by weight of the compositions, more preferably from about 1 to about 10% by weight of the compositions and most preferably in an amount of from about 1 to about 6% by weight of the compositions.
  • the methods of this invention also relate to methods of cleansing and conditioning the skin or hair with a personal cleansing product of the present invention. These methods comprise the steps of wetting with water a substantially dry, disposable, single use personal cleansing product comprising a water insoluble substrate, a lathering surfactant, and a conditioning component, and contacting the skin or hair with said wetted product. In further embodiments, the methods and compositions of this invention are also useful for delivering various active ingredients to the skin or hair.
  • compositions of this invention may be substantially dry and may be wetted with water prior to use.
  • the product may be wetted by immersion in a container filled with water or by placing it under a stream of water.
  • Lather may be generated from the product by mechanically agitating and/or deforming the product either prior to or during contact of the product with the skin or hair. The resulting lather is useful for cleansing and conditioning the skin or hair.
  • the conditioning agents and active ingredients are deposited onto the skin or hair. Deposition of conditioning agents and active ingredients are enhanced by the physical contact of the substrate with the skin or hair.
  • the particle size of the cellulose materials was determined by Mie/Fraunhofer Laser Scattering method using a Malvern Hydro 2000S Particle Size Analyzer by the following procedure:
  • hydrophobic cotton particles exhibited a larger water contact angle compared to the hydrophilic cotton particles.
  • the spectra showed extract residues from the two hydrophobic linear cotton particles (#2 and #1) along with a dimethicone reference spectrum.
  • the #2 residue includes a long chain hydrocarbon wax-like material (as indicated by split peaks around 1375 and 725 cm ⁇ 1) while the #1 residue includes an ester component (as indicated by IR peaks around 1735 and 1250 cm ⁇ 1).
  • the hydrophilic cotton particles (Virgin Cotton Flock) showed negligible extractable residue.
  • the morphology of this material was significantly different from the other two materials indicating a higher degree of processing, reducing much of the cotton fiber into a fine powdery material.
  • the hydrophilic nature of this material is likely due to the inherent absorbent properties of cotton, and the lack of a repellant finish treatment.
  • ILC Inverse Gas Chromatography
  • the absorption capacity of olive oil by the dry cotton particles in Table 1 was measured in standard conditions (i.e. ambient temperature and pressure). The saturated particles were also subjected to centrifugal force to measure their retention power.
  • porous media containing liquid When porous media containing liquid is subjected to a force, the liquid is gradually evacuated from large pores then from increasingly small pores as pressure increases.
  • Media containing a high pore volume distribution of smaller pores (or effective pores) can retain more liquid under higher constraint and this retentive power may be a useful feature when the desired role of the media is to retain a liquid (sponge effect).
  • the two Hydrophobic Linear Cotton particles (#1 and #2) demonstrated very high absorption of oil in the dry, loosely packed state. Further, the Hydrophobic Linear Cotton Particles (#1) retained a high amount of triglyceride even under applied acceleration.
  • the speed of oil absorption by a material may be determined by Procedures as follows:
  • a template of a 6 ⁇ 4 cm rectangle was cut from a 0.25 mm thick paper. With a 4 ⁇ 2 cm rectangle window cut in the middle with 1 cm of paper around the edge of the window.
  • a glass microscope slide was weighed and its mass recorded.
  • the template was placed on the slide and the test material dispensed in the window of the template. The material was spread across the window with a metal spatula to create an even rectangular layer with a mass of ⁇ 0.24 g ( ⁇ 0.01 g).
  • the template was carefully removed, edges of the slide cleaned off with a spatula or gloved fingertip as necessary, and the mass of the slide+material recorded.
  • the slide (with oil-absorbing particle layer) was placed flat in an incubator at 32° C.
  • 0.0858 g of the sebum component of interest was dispensed via 0-100 ⁇ L pipette (liquids) to the slide at one side of and in contact with the particle layer.
  • pipette liquids
  • the slide was left undisturbed in the incubator for 15 seconds for follow-up test), with a timer started just as the drop was dispensed. After 15 seconds, the slide was removed from the incubator and any unabsorbed sebum component was carefully wiped from the slide using a Kimwipe. The slide was weighed to determine the amount of the sebum component absorbed by the particles during the absorbance period.
  • FIG. 3 demonstrates that cotton particles (#1 cotton particles) absorbs both squalene and triglyceride much faster than hydrophilic cotton particles.
  • a gravimetric absorption test (GAT) Method was used to determine the water absorption kinetics of hydrophobic cotton particles vs. hydrophilic cotton particles.
  • the cotton particles sample was loaded into a small cylinder container, and the water was introduced in contact with the cotton particles through a water reservoir on a scale, the change in water weight arising from water transfer or absorption by cotton particles was recorded electronically by a computer over the study duration.
  • the absorption rate was calculated and plotted for different cotton particles samples.
  • hydrophobic cotton particles had a slower water absorption rate than hydrophilic cotton particles.
  • the water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity of materials may be determined by the following procedures set forth below in Examples 6A and 6B.
  • Example 7a Example 7b
  • Example 7c Example 7d
  • Example 7e Water QS QS QS QS QS QS Glycerin 0.00-15.00 0.00-15.00 0.00-15.00 0.00-15.00 0.00-15.00 0.00-15.00 Acrylates Copolymer 0.00-12.00 — — — — — — — Acrylates/C10-30 — — — — — 0.00-1.00 — Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer Carbomer — — — — — 0.00-1.00 Xanthan Gum — — — — 0.00-2.00 — — Sodium Laureth 0.00-40.00 — — — 0.00-40.00 0.00-40.00 Sulfate Decyl Glucoside — 0.00-14.00 — 0.00-14.00 — — Lauryl Glucoside — 0.00-17.00 — — 0.00-17.00 0.00-17.00 Ammonium Laureth — 0.00-16.00 — — — — —
  • a baseline reading of sebum quantity was taken from selected skin testing sites on the skin surface of nine subjects (Three points—opposite ends and in the middle of the forehead) prior to wetting the skin with water from running faucet.
  • the sebum quantity was measured using a sebumeter.
  • 0.5 cc gel Cleanser (placebo) was applied to skin then the skin massaged for ten seconds. Water was added to the skin and the skin was lathered for additional twenty seconds. Cleanser was rinsed from the skin and any excess residue with water for thirty seconds then blot dried with a Kimwipe.
  • sebum count was measured with a sebumeter cartridge consecutively 4 hours and 6 hours after washing, respectively.
  • each sebum count should be conducted on a fresh skin area (i.e. the same area cannot be measured more than once). Once sebum is measured by the sebumeter cartridge, that particular site will have been disrupted so as to affect accuracy of the measurement of sebum as sebum is produced throughout the day on the skin.
  • Example 9C Results of the sebum absorption measurements for Example 9A and 9B are set forth in FIG. 7 hereto (Example 9C was not tested in this example). As can be observed from the graph in FIG. 7 , sebum production of skin cleansed with composition containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic cotton particles was slowed as compared with that cleansed with a gel cleanser.
  • Example 9A Hydrophilic Hydrophobic (Gel Cleanser) Cotton Cotton CTFA/INCI Name % w/w % w/w % w/w Water 54.08 48.71 49.26 Sodium Laureth 29.00 29.00 Sulfate; Water Glycerin 3.00 3.00 3.00 Cocamidopropyl 4.00 4.00 4.00 Betaine Sodium Hydroxide 0.32 0.32 0.32 Disodium EDTA 0.20 0.20 0.20 Phenoxyethanol 1.00 0.00 0.00 (and) Caprylyl Glycol Phenoxyethanol; 0.28 0.00 0.00 Methylparaben; Ethylparaben; Propylparaben Phenoxyethanol 0.00 0.60 0.60 Caprylyl Glycol 0.00 0.00 0.50 (and) Caprylhydroxamic Acid Phenoxyethanol 0.00 0.80 0.00 (and) Caprylyl Glycol Chlorphensin 0.00 0.25 0.00 Citric Acid 0.12 0.12 0.12 Cotton P

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US13/799,365 US20140134218A1 (en) 2012-11-09 2013-03-13 Rinse-off skin care compositions containing cellulosic materials
CN201380058819.7A CN104768528B (zh) 2012-11-09 2013-11-06 包含纤维素材料的洗去型护肤组合物
IN3942DEN2015 IN2015DN03942A (zh) 2012-11-09 2013-11-06
BR112015010395A BR112015010395A8 (pt) 2012-11-09 2013-11-06 Composição para tratamento da pele com enxágue
PCT/US2013/068694 WO2014074581A1 (en) 2012-11-09 2013-11-06 Rinse-off skin care compositions containing cellulosic materials
US14/259,224 US9549889B2 (en) 2012-11-09 2014-04-23 Rinse-off skin care compositions containing cellulosic materials
US14/521,581 US9549890B2 (en) 2012-11-09 2014-10-23 Rinse-off skin care compositions containing cellulosic materials
HK15111434.4A HK1210697A1 (zh) 2012-11-09 2015-11-19 包含纖維素材料的洗去型護膚組合物
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US20150040933A1 (en) 2015-02-12
WO2014074581A1 (en) 2014-05-15
CN104768528B (zh) 2018-05-29
BR112015010395A8 (pt) 2022-08-16
US20170128345A1 (en) 2017-05-11
BR112015010395A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
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US20140227331A1 (en) 2014-08-14
CN104768528A (zh) 2015-07-08

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