US20130327116A1 - Method for designing material to be subjected to cylinder forming and product formed by performing cylinder forming - Google Patents

Method for designing material to be subjected to cylinder forming and product formed by performing cylinder forming Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130327116A1
US20130327116A1 US13/994,103 US201113994103A US2013327116A1 US 20130327116 A1 US20130327116 A1 US 20130327116A1 US 201113994103 A US201113994103 A US 201113994103A US 2013327116 A1 US2013327116 A1 US 2013327116A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
metal material
cylinder forming
thickness
bending
spring back
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US13/994,103
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English (en)
Inventor
Mikito Suto
Katsumi Kojima
Yusuke Nakagawa
Masaki Tada
Yoichi Tobiyama
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JFE Steel Corp
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JFE Steel Corp
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Publication date
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Assigned to JFE STEEL CORPORATION reassignment JFE STEEL CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TOBIYAMA, YOICHI, KOJIMA, KATSUMI, TADA, MASAKI, NAKAGAWA, YUSUKE, SUTO, MIKITO
Publication of US20130327116A1 publication Critical patent/US20130327116A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
    • B21D5/015—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments for making tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/02—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
    • B21D51/10—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects conically or cylindrically shaped objects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for designing a metal material in which a spring back angle in cylinder forming can be controlled to a specified value and a product formed by performing cylinder forming.
  • a cylindrically formed product which is manufactured by performing cylinder forming in which a metal material is formed by performing bending forming is used for a food container, a medical device, a metal container, an equipment part and so forth.
  • cylinder forming a cylindrically formed product which is manufactured by performing cylinder forming in which a metal material is formed by performing bending forming
  • a three-piece can which consists of an end, a body and a bottom end a cylinder product formed by performing cylinder forming is used for the body.
  • spring back occurs due to elastic recovery when a metal material (a metal sheet) is subjected to cylinder forming and then unloaded, which results in a change in the shape of the cylinder. Therefore, when cylinder forming is performed, it is necessary to determine the conditions under which cylinder forming is performed in consideration of spring back in advance.
  • a thickness reduction causes an increase in a spring back angle, which makes it impossible to achieve a specified shape of a cylinder, that is, a specified lapping width.
  • a spring back angle is defined in terms of an amount of change in a bending angle from the loaded state to the unloaded state in bending forming.
  • a lapping width is, as illustrated in FIG.
  • a lapping width has a value of 0 in the case where both edges butt each other, a positive value in the case where both edges are separated by a gap and a negative value in the case where both edges overlap each other.
  • a metal material can be designed so that a specified shape of a cylinder (lapping width) can be obtained even if the thickness of the material is reduced, it is not necessary to readjust forming conditions or remodel a forming apparatus. That is to say, it is necessary to design a metal material with which a spring back angle equivalent to that of a metal material before the thickness is changed can be obtained even after the thickness has been changed.
  • ⁇ spring back angle (degrees)
  • ⁇ bending angle (degrees)
  • r radius of curvature of bending (mm)
  • t thickness (mm)
  • YP yield strength (MPa)
  • E Young's modulus (MPa).
  • Non Patent Literature 2 reports that, the theoretical equation (2) does not necessarily correctly replicate experimental findings. Moreover, although Non Patent Literature 2 proposes an empirical equation regarding a stainless steel sheet, since the target metal material is limited to a stainless steel sheet, it cannot be said that it is suitable for a wide variety of metal materials and there is a problem left from the viewpoint of versatility.
  • the present invention has been completed in view of the situation described above.
  • the inventors found a new method for calculating a spring back angle which occurs when metal materials having a wide variety of mechanical properties and thicknesses are formed by performing cylinder forming, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for designing a metal material having a material quality (mechanical properties) with which a specified spring back angle can be achieved by using this calculating method and a formed product which is manufactured by performing cylinder forming from the metal material which is designed by using the designing method.
  • a method for designing a material to be subjected to cylinder forming including, in the design of a metal material to be subjected to cylinder forming in which the metal material is formed by performing bending forming, calculating the yield strength YP, the Young's modulus E and the thickness t of the metal material on the basis of equation (1) below so that a spring back angle ⁇ becomes a specified value when cylinder forming is performed under conditions of a radius of curvature of bending r of 5 mm or more and a bending angle ⁇ of 90 degrees or more and 180 degrees or less and designing the metal material so that the metal material has the calculated yield strength YP and Young's modulus E:
  • ⁇ spring back angle (degrees)
  • ⁇ bending angle (degrees)
  • YP yield strength (MPa)
  • E Young's modulus (MPa)
  • t thickness (mm)
  • r radius of curvature of bending (mm).
  • a product formed by performing cylinder forming the product being manufactured by performing cylinder forming in which the metal material designed by using the method according to item [1] is subjected to bending forming.
  • a metal material with which a spring back angle can be controlled to a specified value can be easily designed and there is a large contribution to the improvement of productivity and the reduction of cost of a cylinder forming process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a lapping width.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between ⁇ / ⁇ and (YP ⁇ r)/(E ⁇ t).
  • a formed product in the case where thickness is changed from t 1 to t 2 , a formed product can be obtained without change in lapping width after cylinder forming has been performed, if a metal material having mechanical properties with which a spring back angle equivalent to that of a metal material having a thickness of t 1 is achieved is used.
  • the present inventors conducted investigations regarding what kinds of factors among the various factors have an influence on the spring back angle, and, as a result, confirmed that such kinds of factors are a bending angle, a radius of curvature of bending, a thickness, a yield strength and a Young's modulus.
  • M is a bending moment (MPa ⁇ mm 3 ) and I is an area moment of inertia (mm 4 ).
  • equation (7) is derived by substituting equation (6) into equation (5) described above.
  • equation (2) described above is derived from equation (7).
  • Non Patent Literature 2 it was found that there is a correlation between ⁇ / ⁇ and (YP ⁇ r)/(E ⁇ t), and equation (8) is derived.
  • the target metal material is limited to a stainless steel sheet, the range of a factor with which ⁇ / ⁇ is determined is narrow (0 ⁇ (YP ⁇ r)/(E ⁇ t) ⁇ 0.11), which results in a lack of versatility.
  • the present inventors observed a spring back angle by actually performing bending forming with a wide variety of metal materials (an aluminum sheet, a copper sheet, a stainless steel sheet and a steel sheet) and thickness conditions, where the radius of curvature of bending was in the range of 5 mm or more, the bending angle was in the range of 90 degrees or more and 180 degrees or less and the thickness was in the range of 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less. This is because these ranges can sufficiently satisfy the requirements for practical use of these materials in the fields of a food container, a medical device, a metal container, an equipment part and so forth, which means that there is versatility.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates investigation results regarding the relationship between ⁇ / ⁇ and (YP ⁇ r)/(E ⁇ t).
  • ⁇ denotes the result of this observation.
  • a regression equation which correctly replicates these observation results was derived and equation (1) described above was obtained (refer to the solid line in the figure).
  • This equation (1) can be applied to the range in which (YP ⁇ r)/(E ⁇ t) is 0.33 or less and which is much wider than the application range described in Non Patent Literature 2. That is to say, this equation (1) can be applied to a wide variety of metal materials and, by using this equation, mechanical properties (YP and E) with which a specified spring back angle can be achieved can be calculated in accordance with a specified thickness.
  • ⁇ denotes the observed data in Non Patent Literature 2 and dotted lines denote equation (8) and theoretical equation (2).
  • a spring back angle ⁇ before a thickness is changed is observed.
  • a test piece having arbitrary dimensions is subjected to bending forming under the conditions of, for example, a radius of curvature of bending of 12.7 mm and a bending angle of 180 degrees.
  • a bending angle ⁇ ′ of the test piece in the unloaded state is observed and a spring back angle ⁇ is calculated by using equation (3) described above. This procedure may be omitted in the case where a spring back angle ⁇ exists as stored data.
  • a metal material having the mechanical properties described above may be selected from a database of a metal material, or a new material may be designed in accordance with the YP and E as indexes in the case where the database cannot be found.
  • a metal material is subjected to bending forming and a spring back angle is observed before the mechanical properties of the metal material are changed.
  • a thickness t is calculated by using equation (1) using the spring back angle described above, a yield strength YP and a Young's modulus E which are specified in advance and the conditions of bending forming (a radius of curvature of bending and a bending angle).
  • the lapping width which is the same as that of the metal material before the mechanical properties of the metal material is changed can be achieved by forming the metal material having this thickness and these mechanical properties by performing cylinder forming.
  • a specified lapping width can be achieved after cylinder forming has been performed, firstly by making the spring back angle of the metal material clear before the change, and then, by determining the properties of the metal material one after another under conditions in which equation (1) is satisfied.
  • the mean value of the lapping width after cylinder forming had been performed on a steel sheet (No. 2) having YP 300 MPa was ⁇ 10.5 mm, which means that a lapping width equivalent to that of the metal material before the thickness was reduced was achieved in consideration of the variability of lapping width.
  • the mean value of the lapping width after cylinder forming had been performed on a steel sheet (No. 3) having YP 362 MPa was +5.0 mm, which means that a lapping width equivalent to that of the metal material before the thickness was reduced was not achieved.
  • the mean value of the lapping width after cylinder forming had been performed on a steel sheet (No. 2) having E 231000 MPa was ⁇ 10.5 mm, which means that the lapping width equivalent to that of the metal material before the thickness was reduced was achieved in consideration of the variability of lapping width.
  • the mean value of the lapping width after cylinder forming had been performed on a steel sheet (No. 3) having E 214000 MPa was ⁇ 2.4 mm, which means that a lapping width equivalent to that of the metal material before the thickness was reduced was not achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
US13/994,103 2010-12-14 2011-12-13 Method for designing material to be subjected to cylinder forming and product formed by performing cylinder forming Abandoned US20130327116A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010-277923 2010-12-14
JP2010277923A JP5803097B2 (ja) 2010-12-14 2010-12-14 円筒成形加工用材料の設計方法および円筒成形加工品の製造方法
PCT/JP2011/079273 WO2012081717A1 (ja) 2010-12-14 2011-12-13 円筒成形加工用材料の設計方法および円筒成形加工品

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US13/994,103 Abandoned US20130327116A1 (en) 2010-12-14 2011-12-13 Method for designing material to be subjected to cylinder forming and product formed by performing cylinder forming

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US20130327116A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2638982B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5803097B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101505340B1 (de)
CN (1) CN103260781B (de)
CA (1) CA2818716C (de)
ES (1) ES2771482T3 (de)
TW (1) TWI453073B (de)
WO (1) WO2012081717A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8833128B2 (en) * 2011-06-17 2014-09-16 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing slit hollow profiles

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6439666B2 (ja) * 2015-12-09 2018-12-19 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 ロールフォーム加工性および溶接後の真円度に優れた３ピース缶用鋼板およびその製造方法、ならびに３ピース缶の製造方法
CN110403480A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2019-11-05 武汉安在厨具有限公司 一种铁铝铁三层复合厨具生产工艺

Citations (1)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8833128B2 (en) * 2011-06-17 2014-09-16 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing slit hollow profiles

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ES2771482T3 (es) 2020-07-06
KR20130083458A (ko) 2013-07-22
CA2818716C (en) 2016-03-15
KR101505340B1 (ko) 2015-03-23
TW201244845A (en) 2012-11-16
JP5803097B2 (ja) 2015-11-04
CA2818716A1 (en) 2012-06-21
EP2638982A1 (de) 2013-09-18
CN103260781A (zh) 2013-08-21
TWI453073B (zh) 2014-09-21
WO2012081717A1 (ja) 2012-06-21
CN103260781B (zh) 2015-07-15
EP2638982B1 (de) 2020-01-15
JP2012125780A (ja) 2012-07-05
EP2638982A4 (de) 2018-01-10

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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SUTO, MIKITO;KOJIMA, KATSUMI;NAKAGAWA, YUSUKE;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20130802 TO 20130819;REEL/FRAME:031093/0800

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