US20130189077A1 - Steam turbine and blade for steam turbine - Google Patents

Steam turbine and blade for steam turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130189077A1
US20130189077A1 US13/742,824 US201313742824A US2013189077A1 US 20130189077 A1 US20130189077 A1 US 20130189077A1 US 201313742824 A US201313742824 A US 201313742824A US 2013189077 A1 US2013189077 A1 US 2013189077A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
blade
blades
tip
steam turbine
leading edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/742,824
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Tomohiko Tsukuda
Hiroshi Kawakami
Sakae Kawasaki
Naoki Shibukawa
Shinichiro Ohashi
Yoshifumi Iwasaki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Corp filed Critical Toshiba Corp
Assigned to KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA reassignment KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IWASAKI, YOSHIFUMI, KAWAKAMI, HIROSHI, KAWASAKI, SAKAE, OHASHI, SHINICHIRO, SHIBUKAWA, NAOKI, TSUKUDA, TOMOHIKO
Publication of US20130189077A1 publication Critical patent/US20130189077A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/147—Construction, i.e. structural features, e.g. of weight-saving hollow blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/32—Collecting of condensation water; Drainage ; Removing solid particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F01D5/225—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations by shrouding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/60—Fluid transfer
    • F05B2260/602—Drainage

Definitions

  • Embodiments described herein relates to a steam turbine and a blade of the steam turbine.
  • the temperature of turbine driving steam becomes comparatively low.
  • a part of the turbine driving steam condenses during expansion, and becomes water to flow to the inner and outer circumferential walls of the steam passage and the turbine blades.
  • the water that flows on the inner and outer circumferential walls of the steam passage and the turbine blades eventually grows to be water droplets with relatively large particle sizes.
  • the water droplets become the factors that erode the leading edges of the turbine blades, generate a collision resistance to the rotation of the turbine blades, and reduce the blade efficiency of the turbine blades.
  • the steam turbine that has the structure for removing adhering water.
  • the steam turbine has a seal fin which is provided at the tip end portion of each of the turbine blades, and a space portion provided for the purpose of capturing water, at the tip end side of the seal fin.
  • the water that flows inside the steam turbine is scattered in the outer circumferential direction by the centrifugal force by hitting against the seal fins, and is captured by the space portion (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-2917).
  • the conventional steam turbine captures the water in the steam turbine by the seal fins provided at the turbine blade tip end portions.
  • the conventional steam turbine has been provided with seal fins which are originally intended for prevention of steam leakage, and therefore, collection of water is not necessarily be sufficient.
  • the water cannot be favorably guided to the space portion, even though the seal fines are used.
  • the conventional steam turbine has the problem of being unable to suppress erosion by the drain which occurs to the steam turbine and reduction of the rotational resistance of the turbine blades.
  • Embodiments described herein is made in view of the circumstances as described above, and has an object to provide a steam turbine and a blade of the steam turbine that can favorably collect water generated in the steam turbine, and prevent reduction in turbine efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a steam turbine according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing blades of the steam turbine of FIG. 1 from an outer circumferential side;
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram for explaining a positional relation in an axial direction, of a water drip fin and an opening portion of a drain catcher;
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a flow of steam in the steam turbine
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a steam turbine as a first modified example in which a water droplet guide groove is formed
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of blades of the steam turbine of FIG. 5 from an outer circumferential side;
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a steam turbine as a second modified example in which a plurality of water drip fins are provided;
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view showing blades of the steam turbine of FIG. 7 from an outer circumferential side.
  • FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a steam turbine as a third modified example in which water drip fins are discontinuously disposed.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the steam turbine according to the present invention.
  • the steam turbine 1 includes a turbine rotor shaft 3 , a plurality of blades 2 that are provided on the turbine rotor shaft 3 and are rotated by a steam flow, tip covers 20 that are attached to tip ends of the respective blades 2 and are connected to and in contact with one another, at least one water drip fin 30 that is provided along a circumferential direction of the tip cover 20 and outwardly extends in a radial direction of each of the blades 2 , and a diaphragm outer ring 40 that is disposed at an outer circumferential side from each of the blades 2 and has a drain catcher 43 which is opposed to a tip end portion of the water drip fin 30 .
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing blades 2 of a steam turbine 1 of FIG. 1 from an outer circumferential side.
  • the tip cover 20 is provided with a leading edge 25 that is formed at a downstream side in the axial direction from the leading edge 12 of the blade 2 or a position in the axial direction corresponding to the leading edge 12 of the blade 2 in the axial direction.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Illustration in FIGS. 1 and 2 is on the precondition that the steam flows from the left to the right.
  • the description is made with the left side as a front, and the right side as a rear.
  • a flowing direction of the steam corresponds to a direction of the turbine rotor shaft 3 , and therefore, the flowing direction of the steam is defined as the axial direction.
  • the steam turbine 1 mainly has the turbine rotor shaft 3 , the blades 2 and vanes 4 .
  • the blades 2 are disposed at a downstream side of the vanes 4 to be opposed to the vanes 4 , and form a row of blades in a circumferential direction of the turbine rotor shaft 3 .
  • the blade 2 has a tip cover 20 formed integrally with the blade 2 at a blade tip end.
  • the tip cover (cover) 20 is formed by a back side cover 21 that extends in a circumferential direction of a back side of the blade 2 , and a front side cover 22 that extends in a circumferential direction of a front side of the blade 2 .
  • the adjacent covers 20 are in contact with each other.
  • a position in the axial direction of a cover leading edge 25 of the front side cover 22 is at a rear side in the axial direction (downstream side in the axial direction) from a blade effective portion leading edge 12 of the blade 2 , or corresponds to the blade effective portion leading edge 12 in the axial direction.
  • the cover 20 has a tip water drip fin 30 which is formed integrally with the cover 20 , on a cover outer circumferential surface 27 .
  • the tip water drip fin (water drip fin) 30 is a fin outwardly extending in the radial direction of the blade 2 along the cover leading edge 25 , and is provided in a ring shape throughout an entire circumference of the cover 20 . Note that the water drip fin 30 may be provided at a rear side from the cover leading edge 25 .
  • an outside diameter ⁇ B at a tip end position of the water drip fin 30 is smaller than a maximum outside diameter ⁇ A of the cover 20 .
  • the cover 20 has an inclination slanting downward to the front, and has an outside diameter which is larger at a cover trailing edge 26 side and smaller at a cover leading edge 25 side, and a length in the radial direction of the water drip fin 30 is determined so that the outside diameter ⁇ B does not become larger than the cover trailing edge 26 .
  • the vane 4 is provided between the nozzle diaphragm outer ring 40 and a nozzle diaphragm inner ring 45 which is located in an inner side in a radial direction of the nozzle diaphragm outer ring 40 .
  • the nozzle diaphragm outer ring (diaphragm outer ring) 40 has a nozzle strip 60 and the drain catcher 43 .
  • the nozzle strip 60 is provided at the diaphragm outer ring 40 that is opposed to the rear side of the blade 2 .
  • the nozzle strip 60 functions as resistance of a watercourse of a space between the cover 20 and the diaphragm outer ring 40 , and reduces a tip side leakage steam flow amount.
  • the drain catcher 43 is a space for collecting water droplets removed from the water drip fin 30 .
  • the drain catcher 43 has an opening portion 46 at a position in the axial direction that is opposed to the tip end of the water drip fin 30 .
  • FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram for explaining a positional relation in the axial direction of the water drip fin 30 and the opening portion 46 of the drain catcher 43 .
  • a differential expansion in the axial direction of the low pressure turbine is approximately 20 mm at the maximum.
  • a size of the opening portion 46 of the drain catcher 43 is determined with the differential expansion taken into consideration.
  • the maximum differential expansion at the tip end of the water drip fin 30 is configured to be within a width in the axial direction of the opening portion 46 of the drain catcher 43 .
  • An opening portion inlet side 47 of the drain catcher 43 expands in the shape of a trumpet in sectional view, and a position in the axial direction of the opening portion inlet side 47 is from a front side axial position X 1 to a rear side axial position X 2 (positions X 1 and X 2 are the positions where the trumpet-shaped opening starts to close) of FIG. 3 .
  • the tip end of the water drip fin 30 is within the range in the axial direction of the opening portion inlet side 47 at a time of stoppage and at a time of the steady state operation when the maximum differential expansion can occur.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a flow of the steam in the steam turbine 1 .
  • the water droplet D cannot completely ride on the flow of the steam due to inertia, and collides with and adheres to the blade effective portion leading edge 12 of the rotating blade 2 . Collision of the water droplet D becomes a braking force to the rotation of the blade 2 , and reduces the turbine efficiency. Further, collision of the water droplet D becomes the factor that causes erosion of the blade effective portion leading edge 12 of the blade 2 due to an impact thereof.
  • the water droplet D moves outwardly on a blade surface of the blade 2 in the radial direction by the centrifugal force, and reaches a tip end in the radial direction of a blade effective portion side surface 11 .
  • the water droplet D which is present at a front side from the cover end surface 24 of the cover leading edge 25 , rides onto a blade effective portion outer circumferential surface 13 by the surface tension at a boundary between the blade effective portion side surface 11 and the blade effective portion outer circumferential surface 13 .
  • the water droplet D on the blade effective portion outer circumferential surface 13 moves rearward by the steam force, and reaches the water drip fin 30 .
  • the water droplet D which reaches the water drip fin 30 moves to the tip end of the water drip fin 30 by the centrifugal force, is blown off to the outer circumferential side of the blade 2 from the tip end, and is captured by the drain catcher 43 .
  • the steam turbine 1 and the blade 2 in the present embodiment can effectively remove and collect the water droplets D adhering to the blade 2 . Thereby, the steam turbine 1 and the blade 2 can prevent erosion by the water droplets D. Further, the steam turbine 1 and the blade 2 can suppress the rotational resistance of the blade 2 by the water droplets D, and can prevent reduction of the turbine efficiency.
  • the blade 2 is provided with the cover that has the cover leading edge 25 which corresponds to the rear side from the blade effective portion leading edge 12 of the blade 2 or the blade effective portion leading edge 12 , and therefore, the water droplets D which adhere to the blade effective portion side surface 11 and further reaches the blade effective portion outer circumferential surface 13 can be efficiently removed.
  • the water drip fin 30 is provided not for the purpose of sealing leaking steam but for capturing the water droplets D in the drain catcher 43 , therefore the outside diameter ⁇ B at the tip end position of the water drip fin 30 can be made smaller than the maximum outside diameter ⁇ A of the tip cover 20 . Therefore, the risk of the tip end of the water drip fin 30 interfering with the inner circumferential surface of the diaphragm outer ring 40 or the nozzle strip 60 can be avoided, at a time of assembly and at a time of operation of the steam turbine 1 .
  • steam turbine 1 and the blade 2 in the present embodiment may be configured as a modified example described as follows.
  • FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing the steam turbine 1 as the first modified example in which a water droplet guide groove 15 is formed.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the blades 2 of the steam turbine 1 of FIG. 5 from an outer circumferential side.
  • the blade 2 has one water droplet guide groove 15 or more (two in FIGS. 5 and 6 ) at a front side (blade effective portion leading edge 12 side) from the cover leading edge 25 in a blade-back-side side surface 14 .
  • the water droplet guide groove 15 extends in the radial direction of the blade 2 and one end portion reaches the tip end of the blade 2 .
  • the blade 2 moves the water droplet D to the blade effective portion outer circumferential surface 13 by the water droplet guide groove 15 .
  • the steam turbine 1 and the blade 2 can remove the water which adheres to the blade-back-side side surface 14 more reliably.
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing the steam turbine 1 as a second modified example in which a plurality of water drip fins 30 are provided.
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the blades 2 of the steam turbine 1 of FIG. 7 from an outer circumferential side.
  • the cover 20 has a plurality (two in FIGS. 7 and 8 ) of water drip fins 30 arranged in the axial direction. By providing a plurality of water drip fins 30 , the water droplets D which reach the cover outer circumferential surface 27 can be reliably captured in the drain catcher 43 .
  • FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing the steam turbine 1 as a third modified example in which the water drip fins 30 are discontinuously disposed.
  • the water drip fins 30 outwardly extend in the radial direction of the blades 2 along the cover leading edges 25 , and are discontinuously provided in the circumferential direction of the covers 20 .
  • the water drip fin 30 is provided with the objective of mainly removing the water from the blade effective portion outer circumferential surface 13 . Therefore, when the trajectory of the water droplet D from the blade effective portion outer circumferential surface 13 is properly predicted, the water drip fin 30 can be discontinuously disposed to correspond to the trajectory of the water droplet D.
  • the outside diameter ⁇ B at the tip end position of the water drip fin 30 may be larger than the maximum outside diameter ⁇ A of the cover 20 .
  • a distance between the opening portion inlet side 47 (see FIG. 3 ) of the drain catcher 43 and the tip end of the water drip fin 30 becomes small, which is effective in that the water droplet D can be reliably guided to the drain catcher 43 .
  • a tip seal fin that is provided in a ring shape throughout the entire circumference may be provided integrally with the cover outer circumferential surface 27 of the tip cover 20 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
US13/742,824 2012-01-19 2013-01-16 Steam turbine and blade for steam turbine Abandoned US20130189077A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012008849A JP5823305B2 (ja) 2012-01-19 2012-01-19 蒸気タービンおよび蒸気タービンの動翼
JP2012-008849 2012-04-16

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US20130189077A1 true US20130189077A1 (en) 2013-07-25

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EP (1) EP2617951A3 (ja)
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104061023A (zh) * 2014-06-23 2014-09-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 一种船用汽轮机除湿级装置
US20150003969A1 (en) * 2013-06-27 2015-01-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
US20160102569A1 (en) * 2014-10-14 2016-04-14 Alstom Technology Ltd Steam turbine gland arrangement
JP2017020403A (ja) * 2015-07-09 2017-01-26 株式会社東芝 タービン動翼
CN106460528A (zh) * 2014-03-13 2017-02-22 三菱重工业株式会社 护罩、动叶体及旋转机械
US11459912B2 (en) * 2018-07-13 2022-10-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Flow guide, steam turbine, inside member, and method for manufacturing flow guide

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110043336A (zh) * 2019-05-21 2019-07-23 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 一种海洋移动式核电汽轮机外缘除湿装置

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US3304056A (en) * 1965-03-19 1967-02-14 Hitachi Ltd Turbine blades
US7059821B2 (en) * 2003-05-07 2006-06-13 General Electric Company Method and apparatus to facilitate sealing within turbines
JP2008138585A (ja) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-19 Toshiba Corp タービン動翼および蒸気タービン

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JP2009138540A (ja) * 2007-12-04 2009-06-25 Toshiba Corp 蒸気タービンおよび蒸気タービン段落の湿分除去構造
JP5431047B2 (ja) * 2009-07-14 2014-03-05 株式会社東芝 蒸気タービン
GB2475704A (en) * 2009-11-26 2011-06-01 Alstom Technology Ltd Diverting solid particles in an axial flow steam turbine

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US3304056A (en) * 1965-03-19 1967-02-14 Hitachi Ltd Turbine blades
US7059821B2 (en) * 2003-05-07 2006-06-13 General Electric Company Method and apparatus to facilitate sealing within turbines
JP2008138585A (ja) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-19 Toshiba Corp タービン動翼および蒸気タービン

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150003969A1 (en) * 2013-06-27 2015-01-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
US9850781B2 (en) * 2013-06-27 2017-12-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
CN106460528A (zh) * 2014-03-13 2017-02-22 三菱重工业株式会社 护罩、动叶体及旋转机械
CN104061023A (zh) * 2014-06-23 2014-09-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 一种船用汽轮机除湿级装置
US20160102569A1 (en) * 2014-10-14 2016-04-14 Alstom Technology Ltd Steam turbine gland arrangement
US9915160B2 (en) * 2014-10-14 2018-03-13 General Electric Technology Gmbh Steam turbine gland arrangement
JP2017020403A (ja) * 2015-07-09 2017-01-26 株式会社東芝 タービン動翼
US11459912B2 (en) * 2018-07-13 2022-10-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Flow guide, steam turbine, inside member, and method for manufacturing flow guide

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Publication number Publication date
EP2617951A2 (en) 2013-07-24
JP5823305B2 (ja) 2015-11-25
JP2013147999A (ja) 2013-08-01
EP2617951A3 (en) 2014-08-27

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Owner name: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBA, JAPAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:TSUKUDA, TOMOHIKO;KAWAKAMI, HIROSHI;KAWASAKI, SAKAE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:029721/0795

Effective date: 20130111

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION