US20130014432A1 - Method for the preparation of a compression ignition engine fuel - Google Patents
Method for the preparation of a compression ignition engine fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20130014432A1 US20130014432A1 US13/583,802 US201113583802A US2013014432A1 US 20130014432 A1 US20130014432 A1 US 20130014432A1 US 201113583802 A US201113583802 A US 201113583802A US 2013014432 A1 US2013014432 A1 US 2013014432A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- diesel
- fuels
- alcohol
- compression ignition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 20
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 16
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010499 rapseed oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 SBA-15 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical class FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B51/00—Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines
- F02B51/02—Other methods of operating engines involving pretreating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines involving catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/02—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to compression ignition fuel compositions.
- the invention concerns a method for the preparation of a compression ignition engine fuel from an alcohol containing primary fuel or by addition of an alcohol to an hydrocarbon fuel.
- bio-fuels as prepared have in raw form a lower grade and do not burn in traditional compression-ignition engines.
- Oxygenates for instance ethers, are known to increase the cetane number and burn without soot emissions.
- the number of useful compression ignition engine fuel compositions is further reduced by practical consideration.
- the fuel flashpoint must be above 52° C. for storage safety reason.
- the amount of additive to be mixed with the fuel is also preferred to be low, typically between 1 and 5 wt % depending on the price of the additive in order to limit the cost and allow operation in a diesel engine without major engine modification.
- the present invention is based on low cost and easily available additives enabling upgrade of most of the known diesel and non-diesel hydrocarbon fuel for clean use in compression-ignition engines.
- the fuel additive for use in preparation of a compression ignition engine fuel according to the present invention is based on solely alcohols that are cheap, widely available and safe transportation fuels on there own, but have a low cetane number when not treated further.
- this invention provides in general a method for the preparation of a compression ignition engine fuel, comprising the steps of
- primary fuel as used herein before and in the following description shall mean a fuel which is fuelled into a vehicle tank or into a tank for a stationary compression ignition engine and which fuel is subjected to a subsequent conversion treatment prior to be injected into the engine.
- the present invention requires that the alcohol/primary fuel mixture is passed through an alcohol dehydration catalyst to ensure that a sufficient fraction of the alcohol is converted to the corresponding ether and water according to the following reaction:
- R1 and R2 are molecules containing H, C and optionally O.
- the above reaction is equilibrium limited and the resulting compression ignition fuel is a blend of hydrocarbon, alcohol, ether and water.
- the primary hydrocarbon fuel comprises preferably C5-C28 hydrocarbons and/or bio-fuel.
- the primary hydrocarbon fuel comprises gasoline.
- Alcohols being useful in the primary fuel are C 1 to C 10 monoalcohols and/or polyols.
- the one or more alcohols contained in the primary fuel mixture are dehydrated in presence of a dehydration catalyst.
- Suitable dehydration catalysts for use in the invention comprise all solid acids, such as alumina, silica alumina, a zeolite, tungstated oxides, sulphated oxides, alumina phosphates, materials containing sulfonic acid functional groups, such as sulfonated polystyrene, sulfonated fluorocarbon polymers, sulfonic acid functionalized oxide materials (alumina, SBA-15, silica) and mixtures thereof.
- solid acids such as alumina, silica alumina, a zeolite, tungstated oxides, sulphated oxides, alumina phosphates, materials containing sulfonic acid functional groups, such as sulfonated polystyrene, sulfonated fluorocarbon polymers, sulfonic acid functionalized oxide materials (alumina, SBA-15, silica) and mixtures thereof.
- the dehydration catalyst is arranged within a reactor on board of a vehicle.
- the primary fuel has already a suitable cetane number
- addition of alcohol and catalytic dehydration enables to reduce the particles emission.
- the weight fraction of the alcohol to be added is adjusted depending on the desired reduction.
- Example 1 illustrates this feature using ethanol to improve bio diesel and fossil diesel combustion.
- the primary fuel has an insufficient cetane number
- addition of alcohol and catalytic dehydration to significant levels enables the thus prepared compression ignition fuel to operate a compression/ignition engine.
- the amount of alcohol necessary depends on the nature of the primary fuel.
- Example 2 illustrates use of ethanol or butanol as diesel improver for hydrous ethanol, butanol or traditional gasoline.
- the upgraded fuels were prepared by mixing pure components, although they could have been prepared by contacting the primary fuels with a suitable dehydration catalyst.
- the thus prepared compression ignition fuels were used to operate a commercial Diesel engine R4 Ford 1.6 liter common rail engine (DV6TED4-9 HZ) at 80 kW @4000 rpm.
- the engines settings were adapted for each case. For instance the fuel injection time was extended and started earlier in order to keep the pressure maximum in the range 8-12 degrees ATDC (standard Diesel operation).
- the engine load was fitted on the reference Diesel fuel operation.
- Table 2 summarizes the efficiency at a load point of 55 Nm with the fuels mentioned above after dehydration treatment.
- a mixture with 50 w % of ethanol showed reduced the particle emissions while keeping the Diesel-fuel properties of the mixture.
- the reduction is considerable (one order of magnitude), as exemplified by adding 75 w % ethanol to some traditional bio-Diesel.
- Table 3 presents the fuel mixtures considered in this example with conventional Diesel as a reference and six other fuel mixtures. Before upgrade according to the invention, none of these mixtures could power a Diesel engine.
- the non-Diesel fuels were upgraded by addition of alcohol and on-board catalytic dehydration prior to injection in the engine. The process conditions of dehydration reaction are chosen to provide a 80 or 85% conversion rate of alcohol to corresponding ether. This step upgrades the non-Diesel fuels into ether containing mixtures with Diesel-like ignition properties.
- Table 3 shows that the upgraded fuels contain remaining alcohol and water together with ether.
- the upgraded fuels were used to operate a commercial Diesel engine R4 Ford 1.6 liter common rail engine (DV6TED4-9 HZ) of power 80 kW @4000 rpm. As these upgraded fuels differ from conventional Diesel fuel (lower heating value per volume), the engines settings were adapted for each case.
- the fuel efficiency for the different fuels is in the same range and increases with the load.
- all fuels conventional Diesel as well as the upgraded fuels
- the non-Diesel fuels would not run the engine before upgrade, i.e. catalytic dehydration treatment, but after upgrade these fuels operate as Diesel-like fuels.
- the upgraded fuels are comparable in performance with conventional Diesel fuel. At higher load (55 Nm), this conclusion is still valid and the upgraded fuels perform very much like conventional Diesel fuel.
- the upgraded fuels enable to operate a Diesel engine with high efficiency, to reduce slightly the NOx emissions and to reduce particle emissions considerably when compared to conventional fossil Diesel fuel.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (11)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DKPA201000273 | 2010-03-31 | ||
| DKPA201000273 | 2010-03-31 | ||
| DKPA201000587 | 2010-07-02 | ||
| DKPA201000587 | 2010-07-02 | ||
| DKPA201000590 | 2010-07-05 | ||
| DKPA201000590 | 2010-07-05 | ||
| DKPA201000801 | 2010-09-09 | ||
| DKPA201000801 | 2010-09-09 | ||
| DKPA201001036 | 2010-10-15 | ||
| DKPA201001036 | 2010-11-15 | ||
| PCT/EP2011/001018 WO2011120613A1 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-02 | Method for the preparation of a compression ignition engine fuel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20130014432A1 true US20130014432A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
Family
ID=44009892
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/583,802 Abandoned US20130014432A1 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-02 | Method for the preparation of a compression ignition engine fuel |
| US13/634,504 Abandoned US20130000181A1 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-02 | Diesel fuel composition based on diethyl ether |
| US13/634,386 Expired - Fee Related US8820269B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-02 | Method and system for operating a compression ignition engine on alcohol containing primary fuels |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/634,504 Abandoned US20130000181A1 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-02 | Diesel fuel composition based on diethyl ether |
| US13/634,386 Expired - Fee Related US8820269B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-02 | Method and system for operating a compression ignition engine on alcohol containing primary fuels |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US20130014432A1 (es) |
| EP (3) | EP2553238A1 (es) |
| JP (3) | JP2013524066A (es) |
| KR (3) | KR20130027491A (es) |
| CN (3) | CN102859144A (es) |
| BR (3) | BR112012024736A2 (es) |
| CA (3) | CA2793899A1 (es) |
| CL (3) | CL2012002673A1 (es) |
| CO (3) | CO6612261A2 (es) |
| RU (3) | RU2566859C2 (es) |
| WO (3) | WO2011120618A1 (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201207277B (es) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011120618A1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-06 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Method and system for operating a compression ignition engine on alcohol containing primary fuels |
| US8991368B2 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2015-03-31 | Discovery Fuel Technologies, Llc | Oxygenate compound synthesis device, systems including the device, and methods of using the same |
| DE102012014755A1 (de) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-05-15 | Man Truck & Bus Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung eines Alkohols in ein Kraftstoffgemisch |
| TW201527635A (zh) * | 2013-10-21 | 2015-07-16 | Gane Energy & Resources Pty Ltd | 用來控制黏度的引擎操作技術 |
| US10618008B2 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2020-04-14 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymeric ionomer separation membranes and methods of use |
| US10478778B2 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2019-11-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Composite membranes with improved performance and/or durability and methods of use |
| JP2018522718A (ja) | 2015-07-01 | 2018-08-16 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Ｐｖｐ含有かつ／又はｐｖｌ含有複合膜並びに使用方法 |
| CA3140048A1 (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-19 | Clearflame Engines, Inc. | Cold-start for high-octane fuels in a diesel engine architecture |
| US11635039B1 (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-04-25 | Deere & Company | Work vehicle alcohol-based power system with on-board ether |
| US12006886B1 (en) | 2023-03-07 | 2024-06-11 | Caterpillar Inc. | Systems and methods for pilot fuel synthesis |
| US12078115B1 (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-09-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Systems and methods for pilot fuel synthesis using engine waste heat |
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- 2011-03-02 RU RU2012146223/06A patent/RU2566859C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-02 KR KR1020127028031A patent/KR20130027491A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-03-02 BR BR112012024736A patent/BR112012024736A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-02 KR KR1020127027182A patent/KR20130008586A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-03-02 KR KR1020127028375A patent/KR20130086283A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-03-02 CA CA2793899A patent/CA2793899A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-02 EP EP11708402A patent/EP2553238A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 2011-03-02 CN CN2011800178507A patent/CN102859144A/zh active Pending
- 2011-03-02 RU RU2012146395/06A patent/RU2012146395A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-03-02 WO PCT/EP2011/001018 patent/WO2011120613A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2011-03-02 RU RU2012146218/04A patent/RU2565062C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-02 US US13/583,802 patent/US20130014432A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-02 JP JP2013501658A patent/JP2013524066A/ja active Pending
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- 2011-03-02 EP EP11709332.8A patent/EP2553239B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-03-02 BR BR112012024783A patent/BR112012024783A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-02 US US13/634,504 patent/US20130000181A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-02 JP JP2013501653A patent/JP2013523920A/ja active Pending
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- 2011-03-02 US US13/634,386 patent/US8820269B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2012
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- 2012-09-26 CO CO12168225A patent/CO6612263A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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