US20120131875A1

US20120131875A1 - Novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system

Info

Publication number: US20120131875A1
Application number: US13/388,093
Authority: US
Inventors: Zezhang Xu
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-08-05
Filing date: 2010-08-04
Publication date: 2012-05-31
Also published as: CN101988305A; AU2010281263A1; CN101988305B; WO2011015035A1

Abstract

A low-rise prefabricated house system includes beams, columns, doors, windows, stairs and floor. The system is characterized in that the house includes two or more than two stress columns, two or more than two basic modules, two or more than two basic elements and two or more than two composite elements, wherein each basic element consists of more than four basic modules; each composite element includes at least one basic element; the composite elements and the basic elements are assembled together to form a basic plane; and stress columns are arranged at intersection points of orthogonal meshes formed by plane control axial lines and outer contour lines of various basic elements. The modular and unit type overall control of the house is realized by controlling the composition method of house planes and controlling the building relationship between the planes and building elements such as column, wall, stairs and roof covering.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a house system, in particular to a novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Low-rise prefabricated steel structure mobile houses attract much attention in the modern society due to the characteristics of high strength, light self-weight, industrialized prefabricated production, rapid on-site assembly, environmental protection and energy saving, etc. In particular, with the enhancement of the global energy crisis awareness and the environmental protection and energy saving awareness, the steel structure houses attract more attention, are applied in more fields, and have great development potential and practical significance.
The available low-rise prefabricated steel structure mobile house system is still insufficient in the ability of products in handling the problems of the application field, the prefabricated integration degree and the diversified demands, and in the method for realizing the actual interaction between the products and the demands.
1. The products have narrow application field and low technology involved and are of low grade generally.
Currently, the steel structure mobile houses are mainly applied in two fields: one is low-rise lightweight steel structure houses and simple temporary houses such as public security pavilions and temporary prefabricated lightweight steel structure mobile houses built on construction sites; and two is steel structure mobile houses which are developed recently on small buildings such as exhibition rooms and small houses, with partial ones adopting hot-rolling sectional steel. The temporary prefabricated lightweight steel structure mobile houses built on the construction sites are developed earlier and highly used but have singular type, simple spatial structure and low technology involved, give people a sense of simplicity, and influence people's impression on the steel structure houses to a certain degree.
2. The diversified demands cannot be met initiatively due to the singular production pattern of the available low-rise steel structure houses, and the technological superiorities of steel materials cannot be fully revealed. There are mainly two production patterns for the available low-rise lightweight steel structure houses: one is for the producer to provide a plurality of ready-made house types for the purchaser to select; and two is for the producer to specially organize production according to the drawing provided by the purchaser so as to meet the specific demand. Both the two production patterns reveal the unidirectional regularity between production and use demands and cannot reveal the actual interaction between production and use demands. More specifically, either the purchaser can only select a house within the limited scope provided by the producer or the producer can only passively organize production in order to meet the specific demands of specific customers.
The basic reason for the situation is that: the problems such as the diversified use demands and the characteristics of lightweight steel materials are not directly confronted with in the research and development of the production pattern and relevant technology of the available steel structure mobile houses.
On one hand, traditional villas are places built on specific sites to meet the life demands of specific households and require those involved to handle the problems of climate and landscape of the specific construction sites and meet the specific life demands of specific users. The low-rise prefabricated steel structure mobile house system built for the purpose of mass production is confronted with the problem of unknown construction sites and users. Meanwhile, the increasingly revealed attention taken on the individual demands in the modern mass consumption society also requires products to have diversified selectivity and flexibility so as to be adapted to different construction sites and use demands. Therefore, how to better handle the differences of users in construction site conditions such as geographic climate and landform, different household compositions and different lifestyles under different cultural backgrounds will be one of the key problems to be solved in the technological research and development of the steel structure mobile house system. It means that how to enhance the ability of houses to meet the diversified individual demands and how to create the actual interaction between use demands and production will be main objectives in the research and development of products, while the development of house types to meet specific building conditions and use demands is not the objective, so that the products have larger market share.
On the other hand, the available products are direct imitations of reinforced concrete villas no matter in appearance and pattern or in spatial mode. Due to the adoption of steel products as materials to imitate reinforced concrete buildings, the spatial characteristics and technological superiorities of the steel products cannot be fully revealed in the aspects of spatial flexibility, prefabricated integration degree, etc. of the houses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention aims to solve the problems of low prefabricated integration degree, low “activity”, etc. of the available low-rise prefabricated steel structure mobile house system, and provides a novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system to obtain diversified products by the convenient assembly of modular elements and realize the actual interaction between use demands and production.
The specific technical proposal of the invention is as follows:
1. The invention relates to a method for building a low-rise prefabricated house system, which mainly comprises two parts, namely the modular and unit type composition method of planes and the control principle of the building relationship between the planes and building elements such as column, wall, doors and windows, and stairs. The method for building the low-rise prefabricated house system comprises the following steps that:
(1) Metal sections are processed into those with equal prefabricated lengths to form basic modules;
(2) Basic plane control axial lines are set at a prefabricated house first, wherein the basic plane control axial lines are in the shape of “#” or are formed by the interconnection of more than two “#”;
(3) Columns are fixed at the prefabricated house;
(4) Basic elements are built;
(5) Composite elements are formed by the assembly of the basic elements;
(6) The composite elements and the basic elements are assembled together to form a basic plane;
(7) Wall, doors, windows, corridors and stairs are arranged at designed positions;
(8) Stress columns of the second floor are fixed;
(9) The second floor of the house is built in accordance with steps (3) to (7); and
(10) Roof is arranged.
2. The invention relates to a novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system, which mainly comprises beams, columns, doors, windows, stairs and floor and is characterized in that: the house comprises:
two or more than two stress columns;
two or more than two basic modules;
two or more than two basic elements, in which each basic element consists of four basic modules; and
two or more than two composite elements, in which each composite element comprises at least one basic element; wherein,
the composite elements and the basic elements are assembled together to form a basic plane; and
the stress columns are arranged at intersection points of orthogonal meshes formed by basic plane control axial lines and outer contour lines of various basic elements.
The invention has the advantages that the modular and unit type overall control of the house is realized by controlling the composition method of house planes and controlling the building relationship between the planes and building elements such as column, wall, stairs and roof covering, so that diversified products can be obtained by the convenient assembly of modular elements and the prefabricated integration degree of the house can be improved, consequently the actual interaction between use demands and production can be realized. That is to say, different construction site conditions and use demands can be met by the assembly of corresponding members selected, which is different from the general practice of the available steel structure mobile house system. In addition, due to the unit type prefabrication characteristic, the house can be subjected to local rebuilding and continuous extension conveniently.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3 illustrate three embodiments of a composite element, of which the module is 1M, of the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house of the invention;

FIGS. 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 illustrate three embodiments of a composite element, of which the module is 2M, of the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house of the invention;

FIGS. 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3 illustrate three embodiments of a composite element, of which the module is 3M, of the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house of the invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates the assembly mode of a basic plane of the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the basic plane of the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the basic plane of the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system of the invention; and

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Further description is given to the invention with the attached drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system, which is a novel house system formed by two parts, namely the composition method of house planes and the control principle of the building relationship between the planes and building elements such as column, wall, door, window and stairs. All the steel structure members are formed by bolt fastening and assembly. The general and standard module of the members for the low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system is a module unit set in accordance with the type and the structural performance of metallic materials for the house and in comprehensive consideration of the factors such as the material economy and the ergonomic spatial scale. “M” is used to represent the module unit, and two times (2M) and three times (3M) of the module unit are taken as a basic module 1, namely the module series adopted in the composition of the house planes is composed of 1M, 2M, 3M and other M multiplies. The plane of the low-rise prefabricated steel structure house is formed by modular basic elements 2 and composite elements 3, wherein firstly, each basic element 2 is formed by at least three basic modules 1; secondly, each composite element 3 is formed by at least two basic elements 2; and thirdly, the basic elements 2 and the composite elements 3 are assembled together to form a basic plane 4. The building control principle of the plane refers to that the basic elements 2 and the composite elements 3 are assembled on the periphery of plane control axial lines set at the prefabricated house to form the basic plane 4, wherein the plane control axial lines are in the shape of “#” or are formed by the up-and-down or right-and-left interconnection of more than two “#”. That is to say, the basic elements 2 and the composite elements 3 are continuously assembled along the orthogonal axial line direction of the basic plane 4 to form house planes with different dimensions and shapes according to actual use demands, which means that the house planes have free extensibility by the continuous assembly of the basic elements 2 and the composite elements 3 along the orthogonal axial line direction of the basic plane 4.
The actual construction method of the low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system comprises the following steps that:
1. Plane control axial lines are set at a prefabricated house first, wherein the plane control axial lines are in the shape of “#” or are formed by the up-and-down or right-and-left interconnection of more than two “#”.
2. Stress columns 5 are fixed at the prefabricated house and must be placed at intersection points 7 (referred to as “central control point” in the invention) of “#”-shaped orthogonal meshes of the plane control axial lines 6, namely intersection points of primary beams and secondary beams.
3. Composite elements 3 are built. Each composite element 3 is formed by the assembly of any four basic elements 2 in the following manner: the four basic elements 2 are connected with each other two by two through edges, and corner parts of the four basic elements 2 are converged to a point 7 (the intersection point is referred to as “central control point” in the invention, as illustrated in FIG. 4); and axial lines of the composite element 3 pass through the central control point 7 and are overlapped with various edges of the four basic elements 2, which connect the four basic elements 2 two by two.
4. The basic elements 2 and the composite elements 3 are assembled on the periphery of the basic plane control axial lines set at the prefabricated house to form a basic plane 4 which comprises at least one composite element 3. The basic plane 4 is formed by the assembly of four composite elements 3 and a plurality of basic elements 2 in the following manner: firstly, sequential connecting lines of central control points 7 of the four composite elements 3 are combined into a rectangle or a square, wherein axial lines of the four composite elements 3 are overlapped to each other two by two and the orthogonal axial lines form main control axial lines of the basic plane 4; and secondly, various composite elements 3 can be connected with each other through edges or by the addition of a column of basic elements 2 among adjacent composite elements 3 (as illustrated in FIG. 8). In the mobile house system, a house plane can be formed by the addition of a plurality of basic planes 4 and a plurality of composite elements 3 on the basis of one basic plane 4 according to actual space use demands, wherein central control points 7 of the added composite elements 3 shall be on prolonged lines of main control axial lines of the basic planes 4, and the axial line direction of the added composite elements 3 shall be consistent with the main control axial lines of the basic planes 4. In addition, the basic planes 4 and the added composite elements 3 or the added composite elements 3 can be directly connected with each other or connected with each other through a column of basic elements 2. However, the direct parallel connection of two columns of basic elements 2 does not exist in the composition of the plane of the system (as illustrated in FIG. 8). The basic planes 4 and various composite elements 3, which form the house plane, can be formed by basic elements 2 with different dimensions or different steel structure arrangement modes according to actual space use demands. Central control points 7 and main control axial lines of planes of various floors of the house must be aligned with each other up and down while corresponding composite elements 3 and basic elements 2 of planes of the upper floor and those of planes of the lower floor can have different dimensions and internal steel structure arrangement modes. Primary beams or secondary beams are arranged at the main control axial lines of the planes and outer contour lines of various composite elements 3 but the specific arrangement mode of the primary beams or the secondary beams is determined by the actual space demands of the house. Steel structures can be directly arranged on the primary and secondary beams, and floor coverings are arranged on floor structural layers formed by the primary beams, the secondary beams and the steel structures. Optionally, the steel structures can also be combined with floor to form members such as the basic elements 2 and the composite elements 3 by considering the formation modes of the planes, and the members such as the basic elements 2 and the composite elements 3 are arranged on the primary and secondary beams (as illustrated in FIG. 6). In accordance with the actual use demands of users, in the production process of the floor members of the house, the composite elements 3 forming the planes can be prefabricated into integrated members or can be split into a plurality of members, by taking the basic elements 2 as splitting elements, for prefabricated production and on-site assembly, so as to be adapted to the vertical space change demands such as the arrangement of stairs and the construction of composite space. In addition to the above mentioned contents, balconies can be reserved in the house so that the architectural images can be more diversified.
5. Wall, doors, windows, corridors and stairs are arranged at designed positions. Main supporting members such as primary and secondary beams are arranged on outline borders of control axial lines of the basic elements 2 while steel structure members are generally arranged on internal control axial lines of the basic elements 2, that is to say, the arrangement direction of the internal steel structure members of the basic elements 2 are parallel or perpendicular to various edges of the basic elements 2. The distance among central axial lines of the steel structure members is 1M. If wall is required to be arranged on the upper parts of relevant steel structure members in special cases, the steel structure members can be replaced by corresponding supporting members. If the position relationship between building members and control axial lines thereof is involved, if not specifically illustrated, the control axial lines refer to central axial lines of relevant members. In consideration of different arrangement modes of the internal steel structure members, the basic elements 2 have nine different types (as illustrated in FIGS. 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3). Wall joists, various soundproof and fireproof filling materials, decorative coverings, etc. are all assembled in factories into finished wall for direct on-site assembly. The width of openings of doors and windows can be controlled by taking M or ½M as the module, and the height of the openings of the doors and the windows are specifically determined as required and reserved at the time of wall prefabrication in factories (as illustrated in FIG. 7). The stairs of the house is mainly arranged inside the outer space of a square space formed by the surrounding of four central control points 7 of the basic plane 4 or arranged at basic elements 2 connecting the basic plane 4 and the added composite elements 3. There are mainly two kinds of stairs, namely single-flight stairs and “L”-shaped double-flight corner stairs, wherein the “L”-shaped double-flight corner stairs are arranged at four corners of the outer space of the square space formed by the surrounding of the four central control points 7 of the basic plane 4 while the single-flight stairs are arranged at four edges of the outer space of the square space formed by the surrounding of the four central control points 7 of the basic plane 4 or at the basic elements 2 connecting the basic plane 4 and the added composite elements 3 (as illustrated in FIG. 8). The reserved length and width of openings of the stairs of planes of various floors shall be in accordance with the module of the planes and are determined by the practical situation and the composition mode of the basic elements 2 and the composite elements 3 of the planes. Moreover, partial corresponding structure members in the floor shall be properly removed at the position on which the stairs are arranged in the house. For example, partial members such as partial primary and secondary beams and partial basic elements 2 shall be removed.
6. Stress columns of the second floor are fixed. Columns of the planes of various floors of the house are arranged at intersection points of orthogonal meshes formed by main plane control axial lines and outer contour lines of various basic elements 2, namely intersection points of primary beams and secondary beams. Simultaneously, column grids of the planes of various floors can be flexibly arranged in consideration of the actual space requirements of the house, and the complete alignment of column grids of planes of the upper floor and those of planes of the lower floor is not forcedly required. However, the spacing of the column grids cannot exceed the range allowed by the mechanical properties of steel products for floor supporting members, and columns are not necessarily arranged on the outer edges of the house planes.
7. The house structure of the second floor is built in accordance with the steps 2 to 4.
8. Roof is arranged, in which different styles of roof can be built according to people's preferences.
In the mobile house system, columns of houses are arranged overhead the ground so as to reduce the damage of house building on the natural environment.
The novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure mobile house system is mainly applied to but not limited to the low-rise prefabricated residential building type. It can be understood that houses of the mobile house system can have various different structural forms, spatial spans, plane shapes, layouts, etc. with the differences in building materials, the composition mode of the house plane, the building relationship between the plane and building elements such as column, wall, doors and windows, and stairs, so as to be adapted to different functions, aims and applications.
The low-rise prefabricated steel structure mobile house system, not only realizing the modular and unit type overall control but also realizing the interaction between production and use demands, is realized by adopting the composition method of house planes and the control principle of the building relationship between the planes and building elements such as column, wall, doors and windows and stairs, namely by controlling the composition mode of the planes and controlling the building relationship between the planes and the building elements such as column, wall and stairs. Therefore, the technical problems such as the cross section form, the dimension, etc. of house members in the drawings are only for illustration, and the specific practices shall be specifically determined according to building materials selected and the actual space requirements.
The technological core of the invention is not the specific construction technology of a house which is made of a certain specific material and has general application but is mainly the illustration of the construction method of the system, such as the composition mode of the house plane and the building control principle of various component parts of the house. Moreover, the steel structure mobile house system has high flexibility and adaptability in the aspects of material, function, spatial form, etc., and different requirements on the construction practices of specific nodes can be put forward as for different building materials and function types.
It shall be particularly noted that the structure, function, dimension, installation method, etc. resulted from the equivalent changes made according to the shape, structure, installation method, etc. of the invention shall be within the scope of protection of the invention if not exceeding the essence of the technical characteristics covered by the claims, the description and the drawings of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for building a low-rise prefabricated house system, mainly comprising two parts, namely the modular and unit type composition method of planes and the control principle of the building relationship between the planes and building elements such as column, wall, doors and windows, and stairs; the method for building the low-rise prefabricated house system, comprising the following steps of:

(1) processing metallic materials into those with equal prefabricated lengths to form basic modules;

(2) setting basic plane control axial lines at a prefabricated house first, wherein the basic plane control axial lines are in the shape of “#” or are formed by the interconnection of more than two “#”;

(3) fixing columns at the prefabricated house;

(4) building basic elements;

(5) assembling the basic elements to form composite elements;

(6) assembling the composite elements and the basic elements together to form a basic plane;

(7) arranging wall, doors, windows, corridors and stairs at designed positions;

(8) fixing stress columns of the second floor;

(9) building the second floor of the house in accordance with steps (3) to (7); and

(10) arranging roof.

2. The method for building the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 1, wherein the basic module is a module unit set in accordance with the type and the structural performance of the metallic materials for the house and in comprehensive consideration of the factors such as the material economy and the ergonomic spatial scale.

3. The method for building the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 2, wherein the lengths of the basic modules are all multiples of the module unit.

4. The method for building the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 1, wherein each composite element is formed by the lap joint of four basic elements of which the corner parts are converged to a central control point.

5. The method for building the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 4, wherein axial lines of the composite element pass through the central control point and are overlapped with various edges of the four basic elements, which connect the four basic elements two by two.

6. The method for building the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 1, wherein the basic plane is formed by the lap joint of at least one composite element and two or more than two basic elements.

7. The method for building the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 1, wherein the stress columns of the plane of each floor of the house are arranged at intersection points of orthogonal meshes formed by the basic plane control axial lines and outer contour lines of various basic elements.

8. The method for building the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 1, wherein different styles of roof are built according to people's preferences and the actual environment.

9. A novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system, mainly comprising beams, columns, doors, windows, stairs and floor, characterized in that: the house comprising:

two or more than two stress columns;

two or more than two basic modules;

two or more than two basic elements, in which each basic element consists of four basic modules; and

two or more than two composite elements, in which each composite element comprises at least one basic element; wherein,

the composite elements and the basic elements assembled together to form a basic plane; and

the stress columns arranged at intersection points of orthogonal meshes formed by basic plane control axial lines and outer contour lines of various basic elements.

10. The novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 9, wherein the basic module is a module unit set in accordance with the type and the structural performance of metallic materials for the house and in comprehensive consideration of the factors such as the material economy and the ergonomic spatial scale.

11. The novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 9, wherein the lengths of the basic elements are all multiples of the module unit.

12. The novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 9, wherein each composite element is formed by the interconnection of four basic elements two by two through edges and the converging of corner parts of the four basic elements to a central control point.

13. The novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 9, wherein axial lines of the composite element pass through the central control point and are overlapped with various edges of the four basic elements, which connect the four basic elements two by two.

14. The novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 9, wherein the basic plane control axial lines are in the shape of “#” or are formed by the up-and-down or right-and-left interconnection of more than two “#”.

15. The novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 9, wherein the basic elements and the composite elements are continuously assembled together along the orthogonal axial line direction of the basic plane to form various house planes with different dimensions and shapes according to actual use demands.

16. The method for building the novel low-rise prefabricated steel structure house system according to claim 3, wherein each composite element is formed by the lap joint of four basic elements of which the corner parts are converged to a central control point.