US20110151760A1 - Exhaust stack with baffles - Google Patents

Exhaust stack with baffles Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110151760A1
US20110151760A1 US12/644,123 US64412309A US2011151760A1 US 20110151760 A1 US20110151760 A1 US 20110151760A1 US 64412309 A US64412309 A US 64412309A US 2011151760 A1 US2011151760 A1 US 2011151760A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
baffles
exhaust
exhaust stack
liquid
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/644,123
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul F. Olsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Inc
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Inc filed Critical Caterpillar Inc
Priority to US12/644,123 priority Critical patent/US20110151760A1/en
Assigned to CATERPILLAR INC. reassignment CATERPILLAR INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: OLSEN, PAUL F.
Priority to DE112010004974T priority patent/DE112010004974T5/de
Priority to CN201080062279.6A priority patent/CN102782276B/zh
Priority to PCT/US2010/054374 priority patent/WO2012074501A2/en
Publication of US20110151760A1 publication Critical patent/US20110151760A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/02—Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/14—Draining devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/005—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for draining or otherwise eliminating condensates or moisture accumulating in the apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/13005—Protections for chimneys or flue tops against external factors, e.g. birds

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to an exhaust system and, more particularly, to an exhaust system having one or more baffles disposed near the discharge end.
  • a power system may include an exhaust stack that extends vertically from the engine or from an enclosure of the engine in order to discharge the exhaust.
  • precipitation it is possible for precipitation to enter the exhaust stack when the engine is non-operational (i.e., when the exhaust stack is not being pressurized by a flow of exhaust).
  • precipitation can also enter the exhaust stack where the exhaust flow is weakest.
  • Moisture in the exhaust system can damage various exhaust system components, such as after-treatment devices.
  • DPFs diesel particular filters
  • a ceramic wall-flow substrate When the engine is non-operational in cold environments, water in the exhaust system may freeze. If in contact with the ceramic substrate, the freezing and expansion of the water may crack the substrate.
  • some stacks include protective devices.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,630,748 (hereinafter the '748 patent), by Brockelsby, discloses an exhaust rain protector.
  • the '748 patent discloses using an adapter that mounts onto a vertically extending exhaust pipe.
  • the adapter includes a pair of angled baffles that divert any rain water entering the exhaust discharge end out a pair of spouts and create maze-like flow path for the exhaust that prevents water from entering the exhaust system past the baffles.
  • the device disclosed in the '748 patent may prevent rainwater from entering the exhaust system, it requires fitting an offset, bulky adapter onto the end of the exhaust pipe that increase space and height of the exhaust stack. Furthermore, the device is ill-suited for exhaust stacks already having an angled discharge end. Still further, the maze-like flow path may result in an undesirable increase in exhaust back pressure.
  • the present disclosure is directed to overcoming one or more of the shortcomings in the existing technology.
  • the present disclosure is directed an exhaust stack having a first section defining a first flow passage extending along a first longitudinal axis and a second section having an open end and defining a second flow passage extending along a second longitudinal axis.
  • the exhaust stack further includes a liquid drain disposed in the first section and one or more baffles disposed in the second flow passage, wherein the one or more baffles are configured to block line-of-sight between the open second end and any inner surface below the liquid drain.
  • the present disclosure is directed toward a method of protecting exhaust system components from liquid entering an exhaust stack discharge port.
  • the method includes providing a liquid drain along an exhaust flow path in the exhaust stack, blocking line-of sight between the exhaust stack discharge port and any inner surface of the exhaust system below the liquid drain, and positioning one or more baffles in the exhaust stack such that liquid falling by gravity from the one or more baffles will contact an inner surface of the exhaust stack between the liquid drain and the one or more baffles.
  • FIG. 1 is a side cross section illustration of an exemplary power system with a first embodiment of an exhaust stack
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the exhaust stack of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a side cross section illustration of an exemplary power system with a second embodiment of an exhaust stack.
  • FIG. 4 is a side cross section illustration of another embodiment of a liquid drain of the exhaust stack of FIG. 3 .
  • the power system 10 may include an engine 12 , an exhaust system 14 , and a housing 16 .
  • the engine 12 may include features not shown, such as fuel systems, air systems, cooling systems, peripheries, drivetrain components, turbochargers, etc.
  • the engine 12 may be any type of engine (internal combustion, turbine, gas, diesel, gaseous fuel, natural gas, propane, etc.), may be of any size, with any number of cylinders, and in any configuration (“V,” in-line, radial, etc.).
  • the engine 12 may be used to power any machine or other device, including locomotive applications, on-highway trucks or vehicles, off-highway trucks or machines, earth moving equipment, generators, aerospace applications, marine applications, pumps, stationary equipment, or other engine powered applications.
  • the housing 16 may be any structure that encloses or partially encloses the engine 12 and exhaust system 14 .
  • the housing 16 may be a vehicle body or hood.
  • the exhaust system 14 may include an exhaust manifold 18 , one or more exhaust aftertreatment devices 20 designed to reduce undesirable emissions from the exhaust of the engine 12 , and an exhaust stack 22 .
  • the exhaust aftertreatment devices 20 may include a variety of emissions treatment technology, including, but not limited to, regeneration devices, heat sources, oxidation catalysts, diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs), diesel particulate filters (DPFs), selective catalytic reduction catalysts (SCRs), lean NOx traps (LNTs), mufflers, or other devices needed to treat the exiting the engine 12 .
  • the exhaust aftertreatment devices 20 include a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 24 .
  • the DPF 24 may include a DPF substrate 26 at least partially disposed within a DPF housing 28 .
  • the DPF substrate 26 may be configured in a variety of ways. Any structure capable of removing particulate matter from the exhaust of the engine 12 may be used.
  • the DPF substrate may a wall-flow ceramic structure having a honey-comb cross-section constructed of cordierite, silicon carbide, or other material to remove the particulate matter.
  • the exhaust stack 22 may be configured in a variety of ways. Any structure capable of routing exhaust exiting the power system 10 in a desired direction may be used.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the exhaust stack 22 may be circular or may be some other geometric shape.
  • the exhaust stack 22 may extend substantially vertically upward or may extend at an angle to vertical.
  • the exhaust stack 22 includes a first section 30 defining a first flow passage 31 and a second section 32 defining a second flow passage 33 .
  • the first section 30 is configured as a substantially cylindrical tube extending along a first longitudinal axis 34 and having a first inner surface 36 .
  • the first section 30 may have a first end 38 configured to receive exhaust from the engine 12 and a second end 40 configured to fluidly couple to the second section 32 .
  • the first section 30 may include a liquid drain 42 .
  • the liquid drain 42 may be configured in a variety of ways. Any structure capable of collecting or redirecting liquid (such as water) that flows down the first inner surface 36 of the first section 30 may be used.
  • the liquid drain 42 is configured as an annular trough having a bottom wall 44 disposed between a sidewall 46 and the first inner surface 36 .
  • One or more apertures 48 may be formed in the first inner surface 36 adjacent the bottom wall 44 . The one or more apertures 48 being configured to transport liquid from the trough (and interior of the stack) to the exterior of the first section 30 .
  • the second section 32 is configured as a substantially cylindrical tube extending along a second longitudinal axis 49 and having a second inner surface 50 .
  • the second longitudinal axis 49 may be disposed at an angle ⁇ relative to the first longitudinal axis 34 .
  • the second section 32 may have a first end 52 fluidly coupled to the second end 40 of the first section 30 .
  • the second section 32 may also have an open second end 54 that terminates to form an exhaust stack discharge port.
  • the open second end 54 may terminate in a plane that is substantially parallel with the first longitudinal axis 34 .
  • the second section 32 may include one or more baffles 56 disposed in the second flow passage 33 .
  • the number of baffles 56 and the shape, size, and orientation of the baffles may vary. Any structure(s) capable of protecting the exhaust aftertreatment device(s) 20 from water entering the discharge port of the stack may be used.
  • the four baffles are arranged in the second section 32 , though more or less baffles may be used.
  • Each baffle 56 has a generally elongated body having a first end 58 and a second end 60 .
  • the one or more baffles 56 may be arranged generally parallel to the second longitudinal axis 49 (i.e. at an angle ⁇ to the first longitudinal axis 34 ) and generally parallel with each other.
  • the second end 60 of each baffle may be generally located proximate the open second end 54 of the second section 32 .
  • each the one or more baffles 56 may extend horizontally across the open second end 54 such that exhaust that exits the exhaust stack 22 flows between two adjacent baffles 56 or between a baffle 56 and the second inner surface 50 of the second section 32 .
  • Each of the one or more baffles 56 may have one or more side surfaces 62 .
  • the one or more side surfaces 62 may follow the contour of the second inner surface 62 .
  • the one or more baffles 56 may be fixably attached to the second inner surface 50 by any suitable means, such as fasteners or welding.
  • one or more side surfaces 62 of a baffle 56 may be welded to the inner surface 50 of the section second 32 .
  • each baffle 56 may be if located a distance D from the edge or intersection between the first section 30 and the second section 32 .
  • the first end 58 does not extend into or over the first flow passage 31 and, as viewed in FIG. 1 , is over the second inner surface 50 .
  • the exhaust stack 122 illustrated in FIG. 3 is similar to the exhaust stack 22 of FIG. 1 , with the exception of a baffle modification.
  • the power system 110 of FIG. 3 may include an engine 112 , an exhaust system 114 , and a housing 116 .
  • the exhaust system 114 may include an exhaust manifold 118 , one or more exhaust aftertreatment devices 120 and the exhaust stack 122 .
  • the exhaust aftertreatment devices 120 may include for example, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 124 that includes a DPF substrate 126 at least partially disposed within a DPF housing 128 .
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • the exhaust stack 122 may be configured in a variety of ways. Any structure capable of routing exhaust exiting the power system 110 in a desired direction may be used.
  • the exhaust stack 122 may extend substantially vertically upward or may extend at an angle to vertical.
  • the exhaust stack 122 includes a first section 130 defining a first flow passage 131 and a second section 132 defining a second flow passage 133 .
  • the first section 130 is configured as a substantially cylindrical tube extending along a first longitudinal axis 134 and having a first inner surface 136 .
  • the first section 130 may have a first end 38 configured to receive exhaust from the engine 112 and a second end 140 configured to fluidly couple to the second section 132 .
  • the first section 130 may include a liquid drain 142 .
  • the liquid drain 42 may be configured in a variety of ways. Any structure capable of diverting and/or catching liquid (such as water) that flows down the first inner surface 136 may be used.
  • the liquid drain 142 is configured as an annular trough having a bottom wall 144 disposed between a sidewall 146 and the first inner surface 136 .
  • One or more apertures 148 may be formed in the first inner surface 136 adjacent the bottom wall 144 .
  • the one or more apertures 148 being configured to allow liquid to flow from the trough (and interior of the stack) to the exterior of the first section 130 .
  • the liquid drain 42 catches and diverts the liquid so that the liquid does not continue to flow down the interior of the pipe.
  • the first section 230 may include an upper portion 232 and a lower portion 234 .
  • the lower portion 234 includes an inward flared inlet or venturi inlet 236 that at least partially is received within the upper portion 232 .
  • One or more apertures 238 may be formed between the upper portion 232 and the lower portion 234 to form a liquid drain 242 .
  • one or more baffles may be positioned proximate the inlet 236 to further divert any liquid away from entering the inlet 236 .
  • the second section 132 is configured as a substantially cylindrical tube extending along a second longitudinal axis 138 and having a second inner surface 150 .
  • the second longitudinal axis 138 may be disposed at an angle ⁇ relative to the first longitudinal axis 134 .
  • the second section 132 may have a first end 152 fluidly coupled to the second end 140 of the first section 130 .
  • the second section 132 may also have an open second end 154 that terminates to form an exhaust discharge port.
  • the open second end 154 may terminate in a plane that is substantially parallel with the first longitudinal axis 134 .
  • the second section 132 may include one or more baffles 156 disposed in the second flow passage 133 .
  • the number of baffles 156 and the shape, size, and orientation of the baffles may vary. Any structure(s) capable of protecting the exhaust aftertreatment device(s) 120 from water entering the discharge port of the stack may be used.
  • the two baffles are arranged in the second section 132 , though more or less baffles may be used.
  • Each baffle 156 has a generally elongated body having a first end 158 and a second end 160 .
  • the one or more baffles 156 may be arranged generally parallel with each other.
  • the two baffles 156 are not parallel to the second longitudinal axis 138 . In other embodiments, however, the baffles 156 may be parallel with the second longitudinal axis 138 .
  • Each of the baffles 156 may include a lip 166 extending outward at an angle from the second end 160 .
  • the lip 166 extends in a generally perpendicular direction from the baffle 156 .
  • the lip 166 may be configured to collect and channel any liquid on the baffle 156 to the second inner surface 150 .
  • each baffle 156 may extend into or over the first flow passage 131 .
  • the disclosed exhaust stack may be applicable to any power system 10 such as for example an engine, a furnace or any other power source know in the art where precipitation may enter the exhaust stack and cause damage to the exhaust system components, including exhaust after treatment devices.
  • the disclosed exhaust stack may prevent water, which may enter the discharge port of the exhaust stack, from making contact with an exhaust aftertreatment device in the exhaust system, such as a DPF substrate. As a result, the concern of water, in contact with the DPF substrate, freezing and cracking the substrate is eliminated.
  • the operation of exhaust system 14 will now be explained.
  • Atmospheric air may be drawn into the engine 12 , mixed with fuel, and then be combusted to produce mechanical work.
  • Exhaust from the combustion of the air-fuel mixture may contain gaseous compounds and solid particulate matter.
  • the exhaust may be directed from engine 12 to the exhaust system 14 , and then directed via the exhaust stack 22 to an exterior of power system 10 .
  • the open second end 54 of the exhaust stack 22 may be directed upward and open to atmosphere, precipitation, sprayed/splashed water or other liquid may enter the exhaust stack 22 and flow downward toward one or more exhaust aftertreatment devices 20 .
  • the baffles 56 may be configured to prevent or reduce the amount of liquid that may reach the exhaust aftertreatment device(s) 20 .
  • the one or more baffles 56 may block line-of-sight between the open second end 54 and any inner surface below the liquid drain 42 .
  • the trajectory of any liquid that enters the open second end 54 and does not contact any of the one or more baffles 56 will direct the liquid onto the first inner surface 36 or second inner surface 50 above the liquid drain 42 . Therefore, the liquid will flow down the first inner surface 36 , be collected by the liquid drain 42 , and redirected to the exterior of the exhaust stack 22 via the one or more apertures 48 before reaching the DPF substrate 26 , for example.
  • the first end 58 of each of the one or more baffles 56 does not extend into or over the first flow passage 31 .
  • any liquid that contacts the one or more baffles 56 will flow off of the first end 58 of each baffle 56 and fall, by gravity, onto the second inner surface 50 .
  • the liquid Once on the second inner surface 50 , the liquid will flow down the first inner surface 36 , be collected by the liquid drain 42 , and redirected to the exterior of the exhaust stack 22 .
  • any liquid that contacts the one or more baffles 156 will flow to the lip 166 and be channeled to the second inner surface 150 . Once on the second inner surface 50 , the liquid will flow down the first inner surface 36 , be collected by the liquid drain 42 , and redirected to the exterior of the exhaust stack 22 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
US12/644,123 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Exhaust stack with baffles Abandoned US20110151760A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/644,123 US20110151760A1 (en) 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Exhaust stack with baffles
DE112010004974T DE112010004974T5 (de) 2009-12-22 2010-10-28 Abgasstutzen mit Leitelementen
CN201080062279.6A CN102782276B (zh) 2009-12-22 2010-10-28 具有挡板的排气器
PCT/US2010/054374 WO2012074501A2 (en) 2009-12-22 2010-10-28 Exhaust stack with baffles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/644,123 US20110151760A1 (en) 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Exhaust stack with baffles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110151760A1 true US20110151760A1 (en) 2011-06-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/644,123 Abandoned US20110151760A1 (en) 2009-12-22 2009-12-22 Exhaust stack with baffles

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20110151760A1 (de)
CN (1) CN102782276B (de)
DE (1) DE112010004974T5 (de)
WO (1) WO2012074501A2 (de)

Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019009824A1 (en) * 2017-07-03 2019-01-10 Ford Otomoti̇v Sanayi̇ A.Ş. STRUCTURALLY ENHANCED EXHAUST GRID OF VEHICLE EXHAUST GAS DISPERSION AND DILUTION DEVICE
US10989097B2 (en) * 2019-04-03 2021-04-27 International Truck Intellectual Property Company, Llc Exhaust system for vehicle
EP3812556A1 (de) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-28 Timberwolf Limited Kühlmittel für abgas
US20210180545A1 (en) * 2018-08-23 2021-06-17 Volvo Truck Corporation A method for controlling an internal combustion engine system
US11220947B2 (en) 2018-05-16 2022-01-11 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method for detecting the icing of a particulate filter, especially of a gasoline particulate filter
US11466852B2 (en) * 2018-11-27 2022-10-11 Chung-Cheng Chen End fitting for an exhaust pipe
CN115750056A (zh) * 2022-11-15 2023-03-07 无锡市隆盛轨道科技有限公司 一种轨道机车用后处理系统
US11732633B2 (en) 2022-01-04 2023-08-22 Caterpillar Inc. Exhaust discharge system

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US1362033A (en) * 1919-04-28 1920-12-14 John L Olson Ventilator
US1454752A (en) * 1920-11-05 1923-05-08 William T Mccullough Chimney cowl
US2446631A (en) * 1944-09-01 1948-08-10 Caterpillar Tractor Co Liquid collecting and directing means
US2468961A (en) * 1945-03-03 1949-05-03 William C Curphy Exhaust pipe attachment
US2501011A (en) * 1948-01-27 1950-03-21 Smart Lee Moisture guard for chimneys
US2630748A (en) * 1949-05-17 1953-03-10 Brockelsby Wayne Exhaust rain protector
US2887033A (en) * 1958-02-24 1959-05-19 Jr Paul H Wachter Closure attachment for exhaust pipes
US3309979A (en) * 1964-12-21 1967-03-21 Charles K Razak Ventilating device
US3416820A (en) * 1966-10-19 1968-12-17 Raydyot Ltd Motor vehicle accessory mounting
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WO2012074501A2 (en) 2012-06-07
DE112010004974T5 (de) 2013-01-24
CN102782276A (zh) 2012-11-14
CN102782276B (zh) 2015-08-12

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