US20110146596A1 - Back-ventilated refractory wall for an incinerator - Google Patents

Back-ventilated refractory wall for an incinerator Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110146596A1
US20110146596A1 US13/035,820 US201113035820A US2011146596A1 US 20110146596 A1 US20110146596 A1 US 20110146596A1 US 201113035820 A US201113035820 A US 201113035820A US 2011146596 A1 US2011146596 A1 US 2011146596A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wall
tiles
grooves
boiler
tile
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US13/035,820
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English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Kern
Karl-Ulrich Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mokesys AG
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Mokesys AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mokesys AG filed Critical Mokesys AG
Assigned to MOKESYS AG reassignment MOKESYS AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KERN, ANDREAS, MARTIN, KARL-ULRICH
Publication of US20110146596A1 publication Critical patent/US20110146596A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05001—Preventing corrosion by using special lining materials or other techniques

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a back-ventilated refractory wall for, e.g., an incinerator.
  • Such refractory walls are used for instance in fire chambers of incinerating plants.
  • the boiler wall is designed as metal tube wall and as a rule consists of tubes connected by webs.
  • the refractory protective lining suspended in front of and spaced from the tube wall is to protect the tube wall from corrosion through smoke gasses.
  • Refractory walls are for instance also used with fluidized bed furnaces, wherein the boiler wall consists of a simple metal wall of greater or lesser thickness.
  • the boiler wall or metal wall is to be protected from corrosion.
  • the boiler walls and protective linings in today's incinerating plants are often exposed to temperatures of more than 1000° C. and are subjected to expansions and contractions because of the large temperature differentials of the individual operating states even with suitable choice of material. Temperature differentials are generally greater with the protective linings than with the boiler walls proper, which has to be considered when selecting the material and/or designing the protective linings, so that the protective linings are not destroyed through expansions and contractions greater than the boiler walls. As a rule, the protective linings or the tiles of these are therefore not rigidly attached to the boiler wall but are attached with play, so that offsetting movements parallel to the boiler walls are possible to a limited extent.
  • protective lining makes it possible that the protective lining is matched to the boiler wall for any operating state.
  • protective linings of ceramic materials, in particular SiC have proved suitable, while the SiC content can vary greatly.
  • SiC compounds or SiC tiles with SiC content of 30% to 90% are employed.
  • the tiles of the protective lining are generally sealed against one another to a certain degree through various measures in order to prevent the passage of smoke gasses. In practice, however, this does not entirely prevent corrosive smoke gasses from penetrating the protective lining and attacking the boiler wall.
  • So-called back-ventilated wall systems combat this problem in that a protective gas—generally air—is pumped through the intermediate space between the boiler wall and the protective lining put in front.
  • the gas or the air is subjected to slight overpressure relative to the fire chamber, as a result of which it is prevented that the smoke gasses from the fire chamber can enter the wall intermediate space and attack the boiler wall or other metal parts.
  • Conventional wall systems of this type have a relatively large air requirement and require an undesirably high pumping rate.
  • the invention has the goal of improving a refractory wall in that the boiler wall on the one hand is reliably protected from corrosion through smoke gasses and that on the other hand a process-optimized heat transfer between the protective lining and the boiler wall is guaranteed and the protective gas pumping rate minimized.
  • a refractory wall is a back-ventilated system and has a gas feeding port for feeding a protective gas, generally air, into the intermediate space between the boiler wall and the protective lining.
  • a protective gas generally air
  • the gas or the air is fed through the boiler wall in the region of continuous vertical grooves present in the tiles via which the gas or the air can spread over the entire wall with minimal pressure drop. Because of this, the spacing between boiler wall and protective lining can be reduced to a few millimetres and relatively small protective gas or air volumes are sufficient, which in turn has the advantage that little additional waste gas is produced. Through the small spacing between the boiler wall and the protective lining, heat transfer is substantially increased. The low pressure drop in the grooves results in considerable energy saving.
  • the grooves of neighbouring tiles located on top of one another are in alignment and connected in a communicating manner.
  • the gas feeding port advantageously includes inlet openings arranged in the region of the grooves in the boiler wall.
  • the inlet openings are preferentially arranged in the lower region of the boiler wall or distributed over the boiler wall surface.
  • the boiler wall is a tube wall of tubes connected by webs and the inlet openings are arranged in the region of the webs and not limited to use in a boiler.
  • the gap width of the intermediate space is advantageously less than or equal to 5 mm, preferentially less than or equal to 3 mm.
  • the wall discharges the protective gas from the intermediate space and the grooves.
  • the port for discharging the protective gas advantageously includes outlet openings penetrating the protective lining or the boiler wall which are preferentially arranged in the uppermost region of the wall.
  • tile joints are present between the refractory tiles which are sealed by inserted ceramic sealing strips of refractory material and by an additional grout.
  • the outlet openings are advantageously formed by regions of the tile joints that have not been sealed.
  • the tile mountings each comprise a bolt fastened to the boiler wall, preferentially welded on, with an internal thread and a flat tile contact surface, and a screw screwed into the bolt by which the spacing of the tile from the boiler wall can be varied.
  • the tiles of at least one horizontal tile row are arranged at a slightly greater spacing from the boiler wall relative to the remaining tiles and consequently define a transverse channel through which protective gas, in particular air, can spread over the wall width.
  • At least some laterally neighbouring tiles define a continuous transverse channel substantially running horizontally, which joins the vertical grooves of these tiles with one another in a communicating manner.
  • the tiles having the transverse channel are arranged above or below wall installations and/or in tile rows located spaced on top of one another.
  • the tiles are provided with swirling elements, which generate vortices in the protective gas flowing between the tiles and the boiler wall and because of this increase the heat transfer between the tiles and the boiler wall.
  • the swirling elements are advantageously formed through raised and/or sunken regions of the tiles facing the boiler wall.
  • the protective gas or the air discharged from the refractory wall is preferentially returned into the refractory wall and/or fed into the incinerating plant as primary gas or air and/or secondary gas or air.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the wall according to the invention in a view onto the protective lining
  • FIG. 2 is a section along line II-II in FIG. 1 ,
  • FIG. 3 is a section along line in FIG. 1 ,
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail from FIG. 3 in an enlarged representation
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of a version of the wall
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective oblique view of a tile of the protective lining
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional representation similar to FIG. 3 of a second exemplary embodiment of the wall according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an incinerating plant with a refractory wall according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective oblique view similar to FIG. 6 of a version of a tile of the protective lining
  • FIG. 10 is a view of the tile in the direction of the arrow X of FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 11 is a section through the tile along line XI-XI of FIG. 10 and
  • FIG. 12 is a section through the tile along line XII-XII of FIG. 10 .
  • top, bottom, width, height, vertical, horizontal, transverse, on top of one another, next to one another etc. in the following refer to the usual orientation of the wall in practice.
  • the first exemplary embodiment of the refractory wall according to the invention designated W as a whole shown as in FIGS. 1-4 includes a tube wall 1 (see FIGS. 2-4 ) as a boiler wall and a protective lining 2 put in front of and spaced from the tube wall, where between the tube wall 1 and the protective lining 2 an intermediate space 3 is defined.
  • the tube wall 1 has a multiplicity of, in practical use, vertical tubes 11 , which are held together and mutually spaced by webs 12 .
  • the tubes 11 and the webs 12 commonly are of steel.
  • the protective lining 2 consists of a multiplicity of refractory tiles 21 arranged next to one another and on top of one another, which engage with one another through complementary shaping of their edges and in this manner are mutually sealed to a certain degree.
  • the separating joints between the tiles 21 are designated 23 .
  • the tiles for example are ceramic SiC tiles, preferentially SiC 90 tiles with a SiC content of approximately 90%, which are fire-resistant to above 1000° C.
  • Each tile 21 is fastened to the tube wall 1 by, for example, four tile mountings 22 .
  • the tile mountings are of heat-resistant steel, e.g., steel number 310 according to AISI standard or material number 1.4845 according to DIN 17440.
  • the tile mountings 22 include a square bolt 22 a welded to a web 12 with an internal thread and flattened lateral surfaces 22 b and a screw 22 c (see FIG. 4 ) screwed into the squared bolt 22 a.
  • the tile mountings 22 engage in continuous vertical, open grooves 22 a widened towards the inside of the tiles 21 and determine the spacing of the tiles 21 from the tube wall.
  • the tiles 21 are movable to a certain degree so as to allow thermally-related expansion or contraction movement.
  • the tiles 21 are adapted in shape to the tubes 11 (cylindrical channels 21 c, see FIG. 6 ) so that the clear width or gap width d of the intermediate space 3 between tube wall 1 and protective lining 2 is substantially roughly constant over the entire wall.
  • the tiles 21 of the protective lining 2 may be mutually sealed in two ways. As is evident from FIGS. 3 and 7 , the tile joints 23 of the protective lining 2 are z-shaped and are sealed by inserted ceramic sealing strips 23 a of refractory material and through an additional grout 23 b .
  • the ceramic sealing strips 23 a provide a certain flexibility, but do not provide absolute sealing. The latter is achieved through the additional grout sealing 23 b.
  • the refractory wall W here is a back-ventilated system.
  • the gas (or the air) in the intermediate space is slightly pressurized relative to the fire chamber of the incinerator. Because of this it is avoided that corrosive smoke gasses can enter the intermediate space 3 from the fire chamber through leaking areas of the protective lining and attack the tube wall 1 .
  • inlet openings 31 and outlet openings 32 are defined in the wall, where the inlet openings 31 are connected to a feed channel or a plurality of feed channels 33 and are fed by the channel or channels (see FIGS. 2 and 3 ).
  • the protective gas or air feed is effected from the side of the boiler wall, where the inlet openings 31 penetrate the boiler wall, in this case the tube wall 1 , in the region of its webs 12 (see FIGS. 3 and 4 ).
  • the outlet openings 32 (see FIG. 1 ) penetrate the protective lining 2 , as a result of which the protective gas flowing through the intermediate space 3 is discharged into the boiler.
  • the outlet openings are arranged in the boiler wall, in particular in webs 12 of the tube wall 1 , instead of the protective lining 2 , and the protective gas discharged to the outside by that route (similar to FIG. 4 , but instead of the inlet opening 31 shown there, a corresponding outlet opening with reversed protective gas flow direction).
  • the protective gas discharged to the outside is preferentially sucked into a comb box 33 a (see FIG. 8 ) arranged on the outside of the boiler wall, in which for this purpose a vacuum is established.
  • the waste gas quantity in the boiler is not unnecessarily increased by protective gas so that the exhaust gas cleaning plant is not subject to additional load.
  • the protective gas discharged to the outside can be analyzed for pollutants if required.
  • FIG. 8 shows how the refractory wall W is used in an incinerating plant.
  • the incinerating plant designated 100 as a whole includes a material input chamber 110 and a fire chamber 120 in a known manner.
  • the refractory wall W is arranged in the region of the fire chamber 100 and forms a part of its wall.
  • the feed of protective gas or air is effected in the lower region of the wall W via the already mentioned comb box 33 .
  • the comb box or manifold 33 a is arranged, via which the protective gas or air is again discharged from the refractory wall W.
  • the discharged protective gas or the discharged air can either be fed back into the refractory wall W (arrow 113 ) via the lower comb box 33 or fed to the incinerating plant 100 .
  • Feeding into the incinerating plant can be effected into the input chamber 110 as primary gas or air (arrow 111 ) and/or as secondary gas or air (arrow 112 ) at the lower end of the fire chamber 120 .
  • the outlet openings 32 are preferentially arranged in the region of the upper edge of the refractory wall, as schematically indicated in FIG. 1 .
  • the outlet openings 32 can be formed through regions of the tile joints 23 which are not sealed or alternatively, as explained above, through openings in the webs 12 of the tube wall 1 .
  • the inlet openings 31 can be arranged at the base of the wall, i.e. in the vicinity of its lower edge, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the inlet openings 31 however can also be distributed over the entire wall surface or individual regions of the latter.
  • An aspect of the invention is that the feeding of the protective gas or the air is effected directly in the region of the continuous open grooves 21 a of the tiles 21 , as is particularly evident from FIGS. 3 and 4 .
  • the fed-in air is symbolized by arrow L.
  • the inlet openings 31 are arranged in the webs 12 in the region of the open grooves 21 a.
  • the fed-in gas or the air primarily enters the open grooves 21 a and in the process spreads over the entire wall without major flow resistance because of the grooves relatively large cross section. This allows one to greatly reduce the intermediate space 3 between the boiler wall or in this case the tube wall 1 and the protective lining 2 suspended in front, wherein the gap width d (see FIG.
  • the tube wall 1 in practice only amounts to 1 to 5 mm, preferentially 1 to 3 mm.
  • the tube wall 1 can also touch the tiles 21 in some areas without damage.
  • the grooves 21 a as protective gas or air distribution channels within the wall and the reduced clear spacing d between tube wall 1 and protective lining 2 , lower gas or air volumes suffice and extremely low pressure losses occur.
  • the required pressures compared with the boiler inner pressure can be reduced to 1 to 10 mbar, preferentially even 1 to 5 mbar. This in turn produces significant energy savings in practical operation.
  • the smaller spacing between tube wall and protective lining substantially increases the heat transfer.
  • transverse channels which substantially run horizontally can also be formed in the or some tiles according to a particularly advantageous further configuration of the invention as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 .
  • the wall in practical operation comprises installations, for example a burner or a window, which locally interrupt the vertical grooves so that the wall parts located above or with an alternative embodiment version—with feeding of protective gas or air from the top—below the installation can not be directly supplied with protective gas or air.
  • FIG. 5 shows detail of a wall with an installation 40 . It is evident that the grooves 21 a are interrupted in the region of the installation 40 .
  • the tiles 21 of the tile row located immediately above the installation are equipped with transverse channels 21 b, which connect the vertically running grooves 21 a of the tiles 21 of the tile row in a communicating manner.
  • protective gas or air can flow out of the laterally neighbouring grooves 21 a which are not interrupted transversely into the grooves 21 a of the tiles 21 located above the installation 40 as shown in FIG. 5 by the unmarked flow arrows.
  • FIG. 6 shows a tile 21 in which a transverse channel 21 b is defined.
  • the transverse channel 21 b is open on both sides of the tile 21 so that the transverse channels of neighbouring tiles define a continuous flow path.
  • the transverse channels 21 b need not extend through the entire tile row located above the installation 40 .
  • the tiles located above the installation are connected at least on one side, preferentially however on both sides, with at least one neighbouring tile of the tile row located laterally outside the installation in a communicating manner.
  • heat transfer between the tiles of the protected lining 2 and the tube wall 1 can be increased in that in the flow path of the protective gas or the air swirling elements are arranged, as is shown in FIGS. 9 to 12 in a purely exemplary manner.
  • the swirling elements are formed by raised bent ribs 21 d in the region of the cylindrical channels 21 c of the tiles 21 .
  • the swirling elements are defined by depressions 21 e in the region of the flow paths of the protective gas or the air.
  • the swirling elements can also include pin-like elements 21 f which protrude into the open grooves 21 a.
  • the protective gas or air feed is effected via one feeding channel or a plurality of feeding channels 33 which are preferentially formed as a comb box.
  • the blower required for conducting the air is for example driven by a frequency-controlled motor, wherein the overpressure in the grooves 21 a measured at one or a plurality of points is utilized for controlling the blower. In this manner, the energy requirement can be optimized or minimized.
  • the boiler wall of the refractory wall according to the invention need not be a tube wall, but can for example also be a conventional metal wall.
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically a second exemplary embodiment wherein the boiler wall is designed as such a flat metal wall 1 ′. With this exemplary embodiment, too, the feeding of the air into the grooves 21 a of the tiles 21 and the reduction of the gap width of the intermediate space 3 achieved by this also brings about the above mentioned advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
US13/035,820 2008-08-26 2011-02-25 Back-ventilated refractory wall for an incinerator Abandoned US20110146596A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1362/08 2008-08-26
CH01362/08A CH699406A2 (de) 2008-08-26 2008-08-26 Hinterlüftete feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
PCT/CH2009/000277 WO2010022523A2 (de) 2008-08-26 2009-08-21 Hinterlüftete feuerfeste wand, insbesondere für einen verbrennungsofen

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH2009/000277 Continuation WO2010022523A2 (de) 2008-08-26 2009-08-21 Hinterlüftete feuerfeste wand, insbesondere für einen verbrennungsofen

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US20110146596A1 true US20110146596A1 (en) 2011-06-23

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US13/035,820 Abandoned US20110146596A1 (en) 2008-08-26 2011-02-25 Back-ventilated refractory wall for an incinerator

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20110146596A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2326879B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5530442B2 (de)
CH (1) CH699406A2 (de)
DK (1) DK2326879T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2606727T3 (de)
PL (1) PL2326879T3 (de)
PT (1) PT2326879T (de)
WO (1) WO2010022523A2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109458631A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-03-12 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 一种防止四角切圆燃烧锅炉水冷壁高温腐蚀的贴壁风系统及其工作方法
US11852338B2 (en) 2020-05-07 2023-12-26 Zampell Refractories, Inc. Tile assembly for a waterwall panel

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103712233B (zh) * 2014-01-02 2016-03-09 国家电网公司 适用于大型电站锅炉智能型水冷壁高温腐蚀防止系统及方法
DE102014009047A1 (de) * 2014-06-24 2015-12-24 Norbert Langen Seitenwandkülung für Verbrennungs - und Feuerungsanlagen
CH710497B1 (de) * 2014-12-01 2018-08-31 Mokesys Ag Feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
CH710597A1 (de) 2015-01-07 2016-07-15 Mokesys Ag Feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
CN107806633A (zh) * 2016-09-09 2018-03-16 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院有限公司 Cfb锅炉气膜防磨水冷壁结构
CH714933B1 (de) 2018-04-26 2021-06-15 Mokesys Ag Feuerfeste Wand, insbesondere für einen Verbrennungsofen.
CN109974026B (zh) * 2019-03-25 2020-01-24 上海炳晟机电科技有限公司 一种逆向空气流减磨循环流化床锅炉膜式水冷壁

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EP0166133A1 (de) * 1984-05-18 1986-01-02 KOCH, Theodor Kesselfeuerraum-Innenwand
DE9016206U1 (de) * 1990-11-29 1991-02-14 Jünger & Gräter GmbH & Co KG, 6830 Schwetzingen Anordnung einer feuerfesten Auskleidung mittels Stahlrohraggregate abdeckenden Platten, wobei die Platten mittels an die Rohre verbindenden Rohrflossen angeschweißten Halterungen fixiert sind
US5423294A (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-06-13 Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, Inc. Furnace tile and expansion joint
US5673527A (en) * 1995-09-05 1997-10-07 Zampell Advanced Refractory Technologies, Inc. Refractory tile, mounting device, and method for mounting
US6155210A (en) * 1998-06-04 2000-12-05 Kvaerner Pulping Ab Process for obtaining flue gases with low content of NOx while combusting black liquor and a recovery boiler therefor
US6360700B1 (en) * 1997-11-18 2002-03-26 Mokesys Ag Refractory lining for tubular wall
US20060101740A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-05-18 Zampell Advanced Refranctories, Inc. Refractory tiles and mounting methods
US20070119350A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Mcwhorter Edward M Method of cooling coal fired furnace walls
US20070271867A1 (en) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Refractory tiles for heat exchangers

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DE19730751A1 (de) * 1996-07-24 1998-01-29 Siemens Ag Keramisches Bauteil für eine Wärmeschutzschicht sowie Wärmeschutzschicht
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4441324A (en) * 1980-04-02 1984-04-10 Kogyo Gijutsuin Thermal shield structure with ceramic wall surface exposed to high temperature
EP0166133A1 (de) * 1984-05-18 1986-01-02 KOCH, Theodor Kesselfeuerraum-Innenwand
DE9016206U1 (de) * 1990-11-29 1991-02-14 Jünger & Gräter GmbH & Co KG, 6830 Schwetzingen Anordnung einer feuerfesten Auskleidung mittels Stahlrohraggregate abdeckenden Platten, wobei die Platten mittels an die Rohre verbindenden Rohrflossen angeschweißten Halterungen fixiert sind
US5423294A (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-06-13 Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, Inc. Furnace tile and expansion joint
US5673527A (en) * 1995-09-05 1997-10-07 Zampell Advanced Refractory Technologies, Inc. Refractory tile, mounting device, and method for mounting
US6360700B1 (en) * 1997-11-18 2002-03-26 Mokesys Ag Refractory lining for tubular wall
US6155210A (en) * 1998-06-04 2000-12-05 Kvaerner Pulping Ab Process for obtaining flue gases with low content of NOx while combusting black liquor and a recovery boiler therefor
US20060101740A1 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-05-18 Zampell Advanced Refranctories, Inc. Refractory tiles and mounting methods
US20070119350A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Mcwhorter Edward M Method of cooling coal fired furnace walls
US20070271867A1 (en) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Refractory tiles for heat exchangers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109458631A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-03-12 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 一种防止四角切圆燃烧锅炉水冷壁高温腐蚀的贴壁风系统及其工作方法
US11852338B2 (en) 2020-05-07 2023-12-26 Zampell Refractories, Inc. Tile assembly for a waterwall panel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010022523A3 (de) 2010-04-22
JP5530442B2 (ja) 2014-06-25
EP2326879A2 (de) 2011-06-01
PL2326879T3 (pl) 2017-03-31
CH699406A2 (de) 2010-02-26
PT2326879T (pt) 2016-12-27
ES2606727T3 (es) 2017-03-27
WO2010022523A2 (de) 2010-03-04
EP2326879B1 (de) 2016-09-21
DK2326879T3 (en) 2017-01-16
JP2012500957A (ja) 2012-01-12

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