US20080006793A1 - Valve for Controlling Gas Exchange, Especially in Internal Combustion Engines - Google Patents

Valve for Controlling Gas Exchange, Especially in Internal Combustion Engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080006793A1
US20080006793A1 US11/831,964 US83196407A US2008006793A1 US 20080006793 A1 US20080006793 A1 US 20080006793A1 US 83196407 A US83196407 A US 83196407A US 2008006793 A1 US2008006793 A1 US 2008006793A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve
metal
metal foam
foam
valve according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/831,964
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Udo Hirnschal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maerkisches Werk GmbH
Original Assignee
Maerkisches Werk GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maerkisches Werk GmbH filed Critical Maerkisches Werk GmbH
Assigned to MARKISCHES WERK GMBH reassignment MARKISCHES WERK GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HIRNSCHAL, UDO
Publication of US20080006793A1 publication Critical patent/US20080006793A1/en
Priority to US12/339,049 priority Critical patent/US20090094830A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/20—Making machine elements valve parts
    • B21K1/22—Making machine elements valve parts poppet valves, e.g. for internal-combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/001—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings
    • B23P15/002—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings poppet valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/12—Cooling of valves
    • F01L3/14—Cooling of valves by means of a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in a valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49298—Poppet or I.C. engine valve or valve seat making
    • Y10T29/49307—Composite or hollow valve stem or head making

Definitions

  • valves are preferably used as lightweight valves, as described in German Offenlegungsschrift [Unexamined Application] DE 19804053.
  • the valve cone and valve sealing plug together form a cavity; for weight reasons, the wall thicknesses of these hollow parts are chosen such that they correspond to less than one third of the stem diameter.
  • the valve sealing plug in the known lightweight valve is braced against the valve stem inside a radially interior region, and the valve cone is fixed with its upper end to the outside of the stem.
  • This known structural form successfully improves the deformation stiffness of the valve head compared with valves in which a hollow valve stem is made in one piece with the valve cone.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide lightweight valves of the type mentioned hereinabove, which valves can be manufactured from less expensive material and otherwise satisfy the requirements of high-speed machines, especially internal combustion engines. Because of the danger of high vibrational loads in such high-speed engines, special value is placed on achieving good damping characteristics and at the same time minimizing the wall thickness in order to save weight.
  • valve-forming hollow parts are completely or partly filled with metal foam, a high stiffening effect is achieved, thus making it possible to operate with thin wall thicknesses of the hollow parts forming the valve.
  • the hollow parts forming the valve are bonded metallically at the molecular level over their entire surface with the metal foam.
  • Options for the metal foam include embodiments both with closed and with open pores.
  • the closed-pore metal foam offers higher strength, for example when the individual cells have substantially spherical shape
  • a particular advantage of the open-pore embodiment is that filling with coolant, for example based on sodium, is possible.
  • the metal foam has a metal matrix comprising between 5 and 20 vol %, preferably between approximately 8 and 10 vol %.
  • Suitable materials for this purpose are Al, Zn and Fe foams or the like, a metal matrix based on AlSi7 being preferred.
  • an average density of approximately 0.5 g/cm 3 is desirable for the metal foam.
  • suitable starting material for the metal foam there can be chosen a powder mixture such that a blowing agent will generate a foam volume of approximately five times that of the starting material under the effect of heat.
  • the entire hollow body comprising valve stem and valve head is filled with metal foam.
  • the starting material for the metal foam is introduced through one open end of the valve stem in such a way that the metal foam completely fills the valve cavity under the effect of heat, and its quantity is adjusted to swell beyond the filling end, after which the excess quantity of metal foam is removed and the filling opening is sealed by welding.
  • the swelling direction for propagation of the metal foam can be chosen as desired, for example via an opening at the stem end of the valve stem in the direction of the valve head, or by filling the swelling powder through an opening of the valve bottom, for example with the valve sealing plug removed, so that the powder flows toward the closed stem end.
  • the powder is foamed under the effect of heat, until it swells beyond the existing filling opening in the manner of the method suggested in the foregoing.
  • the temperature is to be selected such that the metal foam becomes permanently bonded to the inside face of the hollow body of the valve.
  • the invention further proposes that the metal envelope forming the valve be welded together from a plurality of portions, which can be made of like or unlike materials.
  • the valve head comprises a valve cone made in one piece with the valve stem as well as a valve sealing plug, joined to one another by electric welding.
  • the valve stem can be advantageous for the valve stem to comprise a portion of Nimonic80A at the head end of the valve as well as an end portion of hardenable material surrounding the stem end of the valve, the two portions being joined to one another by friction welding.
  • the end portion which is to be kept as short as possible, is usually made of X45CrSi93 (DIN 1.4718).
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a valve comprising a hollow valve stem 1 , a valve cone 2 formed thereon, a valve sealing plug 3 joined to valve cone 2 on the outer circumference by means of a weld 7 made by electric welding, as well as a stem end 4 at the other end of valve stem 1 .
  • solid stem end 4 is joined by means of a weld 5 to hollow valve stem 1 , for which purpose there is used a friction weld.
  • the entire valve cavity is filled with a metal-foam body 6 , and the metal foam at its interfaces with the hollow body of the valve forms a molecular bond in the manner of a monolithic structure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
US11/831,964 2005-02-03 2007-08-01 Valve for Controlling Gas Exchange, Especially in Internal Combustion Engines Abandoned US20080006793A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/339,049 US20090094830A1 (en) 2005-02-03 2008-12-19 Valve for Controlling Gas Exchange, Especially in Internal Combustion Engines

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005005041A DE102005005041A1 (de) 2005-02-03 2005-02-03 Ventil zur Steuerung des Gasaustauschs, insbesondere bei Verbrennungsmotoren
DE102005005041.7 2005-02-03
PCT/EP2006/000485 WO2006081951A1 (de) 2005-02-03 2006-01-20 Ventil zur steuerung des gasaustauschs, insbesondere bei verbrennungsmotoren

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/000485 Continuation WO2006081951A1 (de) 2005-02-03 2006-01-20 Ventil zur steuerung des gasaustauschs, insbesondere bei verbrennungsmotoren

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/339,049 Division US20090094830A1 (en) 2005-02-03 2008-12-19 Valve for Controlling Gas Exchange, Especially in Internal Combustion Engines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080006793A1 true US20080006793A1 (en) 2008-01-10

Family

ID=36480902

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/831,964 Abandoned US20080006793A1 (en) 2005-02-03 2007-08-01 Valve for Controlling Gas Exchange, Especially in Internal Combustion Engines
US12/339,049 Abandoned US20090094830A1 (en) 2005-02-03 2008-12-19 Valve for Controlling Gas Exchange, Especially in Internal Combustion Engines

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/339,049 Abandoned US20090094830A1 (en) 2005-02-03 2008-12-19 Valve for Controlling Gas Exchange, Especially in Internal Combustion Engines

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US20080006793A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1844217B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2008528873A (de)
KR (1) KR20070100304A (de)
CN (1) CN101107429B (de)
AT (1) ATE439505T1 (de)
DE (2) DE102005005041A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2006081951A1 (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100029733A1 (en) * 2008-07-17 2010-02-04 Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation Bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds
US20130313463A1 (en) * 2008-09-18 2013-11-28 Yoshimura Company Method for Production of Valve Head Portion of Hollow Engine Valve and Hollow Engine Valve
US20140338630A1 (en) * 2012-02-03 2014-11-20 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Dosing valve for additives at risk of freezing, method for producing a dosing valve and motor vehicle
US20150354727A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-12-10 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Hollow poppet valve
US9255559B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2016-02-09 Mahle International Gmbh Metallic hollow valve
USD749715S1 (en) 2012-08-06 2016-02-16 Iff Gmbh Electric heating apparatus
US9920663B2 (en) 2013-04-11 2018-03-20 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Hollow poppet valve
US10071441B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2018-09-11 Bertwin R. Geist Immobilien + Erneuerbare Energien E.K. Method for producing a hollow body which is pressure-tight to a predetermined medium
US11300018B2 (en) 2018-03-20 2022-04-12 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Hollow exhaust poppet valve
US11536167B2 (en) 2018-11-12 2022-12-27 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve
US11850690B2 (en) 2020-03-30 2023-12-26 Nittan Corporation Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007039867B4 (de) * 2007-05-21 2010-04-29 Fmp Technology Gmbh Fluid Measurements & Projects Auslassvorrichtung zum Beschichten eines Substrats mit einer Flüssigkeit
JP4526097B1 (ja) * 2009-12-24 2010-08-18 株式会社 吉村カンパニー 中空エンジンバルブの弁傘部の製造方法及び中空エンジンバルブの弁傘部のプレス装置及び中空エンジンバルブ
DE102013203443A1 (de) * 2013-02-28 2014-08-28 Mahle International Gmbh Metallisches Hohlventil
DE102016117698A1 (de) 2016-09-20 2018-03-22 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Ventilkörper eines Gaswechselventils, Gaswechselventil und Brennkraftmaschine
DE102019207536A1 (de) * 2019-05-23 2020-11-26 Mahle International Gmbh Gaswechselventil

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3701342A (en) * 1971-03-08 1972-10-31 Herbert B Owsley Valve member
US4199937A (en) * 1975-03-19 1980-04-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Heat exchanger and method of making
US4406046A (en) * 1979-09-08 1983-09-27 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Munchen, Gmbh Process for the production of a sodium-filled valve
US6090232A (en) * 1996-03-29 2000-07-18 Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh Component made from a metallic foam material
US6354258B1 (en) * 1998-02-03 2002-03-12 Mahle Ventiltrieb Gmbh Lightweight valve

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US4368755A (en) * 1978-12-20 1983-01-18 Copeland Corporation Valve assembly
JPS58185917A (ja) * 1982-04-26 1983-10-29 Yanmar Diesel Engine Co Ltd 内燃機関の冷却型排気弁
JPS59128908A (ja) * 1983-01-14 1984-07-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd きのこ状弁の製造方法
US4579367A (en) * 1984-08-29 1986-04-01 Manning Donald L Bumper support and suspension system
US4993382A (en) * 1989-02-22 1991-02-19 Kabushiki Kaisha Riken Insert for an indirect injection diesel engine
JP3018254B2 (ja) * 1991-02-21 2000-03-13 フジオーゼックス株式会社 内燃機関用中空弁及びその製造方法
US5458314A (en) * 1993-04-01 1995-10-17 Eaton Corporation Temperature control in an ultra light engine valve
JPH07133707A (ja) * 1993-11-11 1995-05-23 Fuji Oozx Inc エンジンのバルブ機構
US5771852A (en) * 1997-03-04 1998-06-30 Trw Inc. Poppet valve with embossed neck structure
US6332907B1 (en) * 1997-08-30 2001-12-25 Honsel Gmbh & Co. Kg Alloy for producing metal foamed bodies using a powder with nucleating additives
EP0911493A3 (de) * 1997-10-21 2000-04-12 Eaton Corporation Verbesserte Spitzengestaltung in einem ultraleichten Brennkraftmaschinenventil
US6231941B1 (en) * 1998-07-14 2001-05-15 The Boeing Company Radius fillers for a resin transfer molding process
DE10161348A1 (de) * 2001-12-13 2003-06-26 Trw Automotive Safety Sys Gmbh Fahrzeuglenkrad
DE10259571B3 (de) * 2002-12-19 2004-05-27 Daimlerchrysler Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Leichtbauteils
DE10315415A1 (de) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-14 Mahle Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kolben mit Muldenrandbewehrung für Verbrennungsmotoren
JP2005048635A (ja) * 2003-07-31 2005-02-24 Mitsubishi Motors Corp 内燃機関の吸気バルブ及びその製造方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3701342A (en) * 1971-03-08 1972-10-31 Herbert B Owsley Valve member
US4199937A (en) * 1975-03-19 1980-04-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Heat exchanger and method of making
US4406046A (en) * 1979-09-08 1983-09-27 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Munchen, Gmbh Process for the production of a sodium-filled valve
US6090232A (en) * 1996-03-29 2000-07-18 Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh Component made from a metallic foam material
US6354258B1 (en) * 1998-02-03 2002-03-12 Mahle Ventiltrieb Gmbh Lightweight valve

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100029733A1 (en) * 2008-07-17 2010-02-04 Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation Bicyclic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds
US20130313463A1 (en) * 2008-09-18 2013-11-28 Yoshimura Company Method for Production of Valve Head Portion of Hollow Engine Valve and Hollow Engine Valve
US9194263B2 (en) 2008-09-18 2015-11-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Method for production of valve head portion of hollow engine valve and hollow engine valve
US9447711B2 (en) * 2008-09-18 2016-09-20 Fuji Hollow Valve Inc. Method for production of valve head portion of hollow engine valve and hollow engine valve
US20140338630A1 (en) * 2012-02-03 2014-11-20 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Dosing valve for additives at risk of freezing, method for producing a dosing valve and motor vehicle
US9982583B2 (en) * 2012-02-03 2018-05-29 Emitec Gesellschaft Fuer Emissionstechnologie Mbh Dosing valve for additives at risk of freezing, method for producing a dosing valve and motor vehicle
USD749715S1 (en) 2012-08-06 2016-02-16 Iff Gmbh Electric heating apparatus
US10071441B2 (en) 2012-11-19 2018-09-11 Bertwin R. Geist Immobilien + Erneuerbare Energien E.K. Method for producing a hollow body which is pressure-tight to a predetermined medium
US9255559B2 (en) 2013-02-28 2016-02-09 Mahle International Gmbh Metallic hollow valve
US9611953B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2017-04-04 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Hollow poppet valve
US20150354727A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-12-10 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Hollow poppet valve
US9920663B2 (en) 2013-04-11 2018-03-20 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Hollow poppet valve
US11300018B2 (en) 2018-03-20 2022-04-12 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Hollow exhaust poppet valve
US11536167B2 (en) 2018-11-12 2022-12-27 Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve
US11850690B2 (en) 2020-03-30 2023-12-26 Nittan Corporation Method for manufacturing engine poppet valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20070100304A (ko) 2007-10-10
DE102005005041A1 (de) 2006-08-10
US20090094830A1 (en) 2009-04-16
EP1844217B1 (de) 2009-08-12
ATE439505T1 (de) 2009-08-15
WO2006081951A1 (de) 2006-08-10
EP1844217A1 (de) 2007-10-17
CN101107429B (zh) 2010-05-19
CN101107429A (zh) 2008-01-16
JP2008528873A (ja) 2008-07-31
DE502006004508D1 (de) 2009-09-24

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MARKISCHES WERK GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HIRNSCHAL, UDO;REEL/FRAME:019627/0572

Effective date: 20070627

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION