Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
  • A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
  • A61K35/20—Milk; Whey; Colostrum
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
  • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
  • A61K35/74—Bacteria
  • A61K35/741—Probiotics
  • A61K35/744—Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
  • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
  • A61K35/74—Bacteria
  • A61K35/741—Probiotics
  • A61K35/744—Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs
  • A61K35/747—Lactobacilli, e.g. L. acidophilus or L. brevis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction, and functional food, such as foods for specified health uses, for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction.
• the present invention relates to an agent and functional food for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction, which suppress the elevation of serum GOT and GPT levels caused by hepatocellular necrosis to prevent and/or suppress hepatic dysfunction.
• Liver is a central organ of metabolism, and has a variety of important functions, such as biligenesis, excretion, detoxication, and the like.
• liver is said to be a silent organ due to its great reserve, and hardly develops symptoms, such as malaise, jaundice, edema, and ascites, so that its dysfunction tends to be perceived too late.
• GOT glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase
• GPT glutamic-pyruvic transaminase
• glycyrrhizin formulation such as Stronger Neo-Minophagen C (registered trade mark, manufactured by MINOPHAGEN PHARMACEUTICAL, CO., LTD.) is sometimes used for chronic liver diseases, such glycyrrhizin formulation is inactivated in the intestines, so that desired effect cannot be expected through oral administration, and parenteral injection is the main route of administration.
• side effects such as hypertension or hypokalemia
• amino acid formulations are sometimes used for the purpose of ameliorating hepatic encephalopathy or hypoalbuminemia associated with liver diseases such as cirrhosis or hepatic insufficiency.
• such amino acid formulations are used with mere expectation of improvement in nutritional deficiency caused by liver diseases, i.e., improvement in nitrogen metabolism or reduction of blood ammonia level by balancing the plasma amino acid, rather than treatment of liver diseases.
• Lactoferrin is known to be contained in milks of various mammals.
• lactoferrin is prone to thermal denaturation, and known to be denatured easily in ordinary high temperature pasteurization or the like process (see, for example, Non-patent Publications 1 to 3).
• isolation or use of lactoferrin in industrial scale is restricted, and problems remain in cost and versatility.
• Whey has recently come to be known to contain various components having physiological functions, such as components for protecting gastric mucosa ( ⁇ -lactalbumin)
• ⁇ -lactalbumin components for protecting gastric mucosa
• an agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction comprising whey as an active component.
• a method for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction in need thereof an effective amount of an agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction comprising whey as an active component is provided.
• whey for the manufacture of an agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction.
• whey for the manufacture of functional food for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction.
• the agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction according to the present invention contains whey, which has been taken as food, as the active component, the agent may be taken daily and continuously, is excellently safe, and may effectively prevent and/or suppress hepatic dysfunction, such as hepatocellular necrosis. Since the functional food for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction according to the present invention contains the present agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction, the present functional food may be expected to prevent and/or suppress hepatic dysfunction.
• the agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction according to the present invention contains whey as the active component, and is capable of effectively preventing and/or suppressing, for example, the elevation of blood GOT and GPT levels which is said to be ascribable mainly to hepatocellular necrosis.
• the active component, whey includes an aqueous fraction of milk obtained by removing all or most of the casein protein and the like from milk according to a common procedure, and may be, for example, acid whey and/or cheese whey.
• the acid whey may include fermented milk whey obtained by fermentation of milk with lactic acid bacteria, and casein whey containing an aqueous fraction of milk obtained by adding acid to milk to remove all or most of the casein protein and the like according to a common procedure.
• Fermented milk whey is particularly preferred for its excellent ability to prevent and/or suppress hepatic dysfunction.
• the fermented milk whey may usually be a fermented milk whey prepared by fermentation of milk with lactic acid bacteria, or by symbiotic fermentation of milk with lactic acid bacteria and a yeast.
• the starting material milk may be animal milk, such as cow's milk, goat's milk, or sheep's milk; vegetable milk, such as soy bean milk; or processed milk thereof, such as skim milk, reconstituted milk, powdered milk, or condensed milk.
• the milk may be in the form of a mixture.
• the solid content of the milk is not particularly limited
• the solid non-fat content is typically about 9 mass %.
• the solid non-fat content may be increased to some extent.
• the fermented milk whey obtained in the production of fermented milk may be separated from other milk components before use, but when the fermented milk whey is to be made into the functional food or the like to be discussed later, such other milk components are not necessarily separated.
• the lactic acid bacteria may be chose of the genus Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, or the like, with Lactobacillus being preferred.
• Lactobacillus may include Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus fermentum, with Lactobacillus heiveticus being particularly preferred.
• Lactobacllius helveticus ATCC 15009 Lactobacillus heiveticus ATCC 521
• Lactobacillus helveticus CM4 strain (deposited at National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, International Patent Organism Depositary under Accession Number FERM BP-6060 on Aug. 15, 1997) (referred to as CM4 hereinbelow) may be used, with CM4 being particularly preferred.
• CM4 has been deposited under the above-mentioned accession number under the Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure. All restrictions on the availability to the public of this strain will be irrevocably removed upon the granting of a patent.
• the lactic acid bacteria are preferably in the form of a pre-cultured starter having sufficiently high activity.
• the initial cell count may preferably be about 10 5 -10 7 cells/ml.
• yeast When the fermented milk whey is to be used in functional food, such as foods for specified health uses, yeast may be used for symbiotic fermentation for improved flavor and palatability.
• the strain of the yeast is not particularly limited, and may preferably be, for example, yeast of the genus Saccharomyces, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
• the content of the yeast may suitably be selected depending on the purpose.
• the fermentation may be carried out by culturing one or more kinds of the lactic acid bacteria in a medium, or culturing a mixture of one or more kinds of the lactic acid bacteria and one or more kinds of the yeast in a medium.
• the medium may be those composed only of one or more kinds of the milk components mentioned above, or those optionally contain additional components, such as yeast extract; vitamins, e.g. ascorbic acid; amino acids, e.g. cysteine; salts, e.g. sodium chloride; sugars, e.g. glucose, sucrose, raffinose, or stachyose; stabilizers, e.g. gelatine; and flavoring agents.
• the fermentation may be performed usually by static or stirred culture, for example at 20 to 50° C., preferably 30 to 45° C., at the initial pH of 6.0 to 7.0, and may be terminated when the cell count becomes 10 7 cells/ml or higher at pH 5.0 or lower.
• the milk may be subjected to high-temperature pasteurization before fermentation.
• the fermented milk whey may be separated from curd by means of a common separating operation.
• the fermented milk whey as the active component is to be used in the functional food to be discussed later, the fermented milk containing the whey may be used as it is without separation, if so desired, or the extent of separation may suitably be decided.
• the casein whey may be prepared by, when solid milk, such as whole milk or skim milk is used, dissolving the milk in distilled water, adding, for example, lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, aluconic acid, or adipic acid to adjust the acidity to a level suitable for removing protein, typically casein, and separating the whey component (aqueous fraction) by a common procedure, such as membrane filtration.
• the milk may be subjected to high temperature pasteurization before the acid is added.
• the acid may usually be added in an amount for achieving 1.0 to 4.0% acidity, depending on the kind of the acid or the like.
• the cheese whey may be prepared in the ordinary cheese production, by coagulating milk with rennet to form curd, and separating the whey component from the curd by centrifugation or the like.
• the milk may be subjected to high temperature pasteurization before the rennet is added.
• the dose of the whey as the active component in the present agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction is not particularly limited, taking the continuity of administration into account, and may usually be not less than 0.001 g per kg body weight per day, preferably not less than 0.01 g per kg body weight per day, in terms of freeze-dried powder.
• the agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction of the present invention may optionally contain components other than the whey as desired, having the function of preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction.
• the agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction according to the present invention may be in a whey concentrate obtained by concentrating whey through vacuum concentration or the like process, or a dried whey powder obtained by drying whey through freeze-drying or spray drying.
• the agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction according to the present invention may be administered usually through an oral route.
• the agent may be administered before or after the symptoms of hepatic dysfunction are developed, either continuously or intermittently.
• the functional food for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction according to the present invention contains the agent for preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction of the present invention.
• the functional food may be functional food, such as foods for specified health uses, claiming prevention or suppression of hepatic dysfunction, such as hepatocellular necrosis.
• the functional food may optionally contain additives, such a sugars, proteins, lipids; vitamins, minerals, flavoring agents, or mixtures thereof. Further, the milk components from which the whey is separated, may also be contained.
• the content of the whey as the active component may suitably be selected depending on the form or kind of the food.
• the content may suitably be selected also depending on the continuity of intake of the functional food or the like factors, and is not particularly limited.
• a suitable content may be usually 1 to 100 mass %.
• the functional food may be in the form of, for example, fermented milk products, such as yogurt or lactic acid bacteria beverage, processed food and beverage containing whey, dry powders, tablets, capsules, granules, or the like.
• fermented milk products such as yogurt or lactic acid bacteria beverage
• processed food and beverage containing whey, dry powders, tablets, capsules, granules, or the like.
• the dose and the timing of administration of the functional food of the present invention are not particularly limited, and it is preferred to take the functional food in such an amount that the above-mentioned dose of the active component is generally achieved.
• the present functional food may be taken continuously or intermittently before or after the symptoms of hepatic dysfunction are developed.
• skim milk was dissolved in distilled water at a solid content of 9 mass %, subjected to high temperature pasteurization in an autoclave at 105° C. for 10 minutes, allowed to cool to the room temperature, inoculated with 3 mass % of a Lactobacillus helveticus CM4 starter, and cultured at 37° C. for 24 hours, to thereby centrifuged at 12000 G for 20 minutes for removing the solids, to prepare fermented milk whey.
• Example 1 Each of the obtained fermented milk whey (Example 1) and case in whey (Example 2) was diluted with distilled water to 10 mass %, and used in the following animal test as a drinking water. As a control, distilled water without whey was also used in the test.
• mice at 3 weeks of age were divided into three groups of 10 animals each, and allowed free access to solid feed (trade name MF, manufactured by ORIENTAL YEAST CO., LTD.), and distilled water, 10 mass % fermented milk whey prepared above, or 10 mass % caseln whey prepared aboveg for 1 month.
• the mice were then fastened for 18 hours, and each group was subdivided into two subgroups of 5 animals each.
• the mice were intraperitoneally administered with saline or acetaminophene solution (700 mg/kg). Acetaminophene is used as an antipyretic/analgesic even in popular medicines.
• the serum GOT and GPT levels were measured 2 and 4 hours after the administration using Transamirase CII Test Kit (WAKO PURE CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, LTD.) for evaluating the effect of preventing or suppressing hepatic dysfunction.
• the results are shown in Table 1.

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• 2005
  • 2005-03-31 EP EP05727951A patent/EP1736164A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-03-31 JP JP2006511784A patent/JP4947636B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-03-31 US US10/599,447 patent/US20070224285A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-03-31 CN CN2005800172416A patent/CN101039685B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-03-31 WO PCT/JP2005/006243 patent/WO2005094848A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-03-31 TW TW094110309A patent/TW200536552A/zh unknown
• 2007
  • 2007-12-07 US US11/952,822 patent/US7785633B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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