US20050203233A1 - Process for preparing polymeric films useful for blocking the transmission of near infra red light - Google Patents

Process for preparing polymeric films useful for blocking the transmission of near infra red light Download PDF

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US20050203233A1
US20050203233A1 US11/013,499 US1349904A US2005203233A1 US 20050203233 A1 US20050203233 A1 US 20050203233A1 US 1349904 A US1349904 A US 1349904A US 2005203233 A1 US2005203233 A1 US 2005203233A1
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Prior art keywords
blocking
infra red
polymer
tin oxide
sheet
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US11/013,499
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Richard Fugiel
Richard Hayes
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Performance Materials NA Inc
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Individual
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Priority to US11/013,499 priority Critical patent/US20050203233A1/en
Publication of US20050203233A1 publication Critical patent/US20050203233A1/en
Assigned to E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY reassignment E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HAYES, RICHARD ALLEN, FUGIEL, RICHARD A.
Priority to US11/713,299 priority patent/US7378150B2/en
Assigned to PERFORMANCE MATERIALS NA, INC. reassignment PERFORMANCE MATERIALS NA, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/32—Radiation-absorbing paints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10614—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising particles for purposes other than dyeing
    • B32B17/10633—Infrared radiation absorbing or reflecting agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/043—Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2429/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
    • Y10T428/257—Iron oxide or aluminum oxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2991—Coated
    • Y10T428/2998—Coated including synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31—Surface property or characteristic of web, sheet or block
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31645—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31645—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31649—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31942—Of aldehyde or ketone condensation product

Definitions

  • This invention relates to films useful for blocking infrared (IR) and/or near infra red (NIR) light.
  • This invention particularly relates to polymers having IR and/or NIR-blocking coatings on at least a portion of their surface and to a process for preparing same.
  • Coatings comprising dispersed blocking particles and disposed on glass or other substrates are well known. See, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,518,810; U.S. Pat. No. 6,579,608; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,506,487. These particles can include UV absorbing compounds, visible colored pigments, NIR (heat) absorbing compounds, or any combination of these entities.
  • the energy blocking coatings known in the art generally have poor adhesion to some polymeric surfaces, particularly polyvinyl butyral (PVB). Good adhesion between the polymer interlayer and both the energy blocking coating and the glass are necessary requirements for appropriate functionality in a laminated safety glass. Adhesion that is too low can lead to exfoliation of the safety glass laminates, while adhesion that is too high can lead to impact failures.
  • the present invention is a polymer having a surface that is at least partially covered with a coating comprising infra red blocking particles, wherein the polymer is in the form of a film or sheet.
  • the present invention is a composition which is a dispersion comprising Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and polyvinylbutyral in dimethyl formamide (DMF).
  • ITO Indium Tin Oxide
  • DMF dimethyl formamide
  • the present invention is a process for preparing a polymeric film or sheet having at least one surface that is at least partially covered with a coating comprising infra red blocking particles.
  • the IR blocking coating is applied by a process comprising the steps of: (1) dispersing the IR blocking particles in a mixture of PVB and dimethyl formamide (DMF) to obtain an IR blocking ink; (2) printing the IR blocking ink onto at least a portion of the polymeric surface.
  • the present invention is a process for preparing a polymeric film or sheet having at least one surface that is at least partially covered with a coating comprising infra red blocking particles, wherein the IR blocking coating comprises IR blocking particles dispersed in PVB, comprising the steps: passing a mixture of IR blocking particles, dimethyl formamide (DMF), and PVB through a grinding apparatus to disperse the IR blocking particles and obtain an IR blocking ink; and printing the ink onto the surface of the polymer film or sheet.
  • DMF dimethyl formamide
  • the present invention is a laminate comprising a polymeric film or sheet wherein the film or sheet comprises at least one surface that is at least partially covered with an IR blocking coating comprising IR blocking particles and PVB.
  • the present invention is a laminate comprising at least two layers of a polymeric film or sheet, at least one of said two layers having at least one surface that is at least partially covered with an IR blocking coating comprising IR blocking particles and PVB.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph of the light transmission spectra of a series of glass laminates having PVB sheets that are uncoated or coated with energy blocking coatings.
  • solution refers to liquids in which at least one solute is a polymer, although the soluble polymer and other substances, including other polymer(s), may also be present in the liquid in undissolved form.
  • dispersion and “suspension”, as used herein, are interchangeable and refer to a liquid comprising particulate matter.
  • a dispersion may be stable, unstable, or partially stable with respect to precipitation, flocculation, syneresis, etc.
  • energy blocking and “IR blocking”, as used herein, refers to a property of decreasing the transmission of energy, or, specifically, infra red energy.
  • the blocking may occur by any mechanism, e.g., absorption, reflectance, etc.
  • infra red includes the near infra red.
  • finite amount and “finite value” refer to an amount that is not equal to zero.
  • the present invention is a polymer which has disposed on at least a portion of its surface a coating of an infra red blocking material that has been previously dispersed in a polymeric matrix.
  • a polymer suitable for use in the present invention is one that is also suitable for use in a laminate with glass, and is preferably useful in architectural or automotive glazings.
  • a suitable polymer is one that is transparent to light in the visible region of the light spectrum.
  • suitable polymers include, without limitation, polyesters; polyurethanes; polyvinyl chlorides; polyacetals; polyvinyl butyral (PVB); and acid copolymers and copolymer ionomers obtained from copolymerization of ethylene with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or derivatives thereof.
  • the polymer is polyvinyl butyral.
  • the polymer can be formed into a film or a sheet by conventional methods such as by various conventional extrusion methods, including, without limitation, a cast film extrusion process or a blown film extrusion process.
  • the polymer on at least one of its surfaces is at least partially covered with a coating comprising an infra red blocking material.
  • the infra red blocking material can be any material that interferes with the transmission of infra red light, preferably particularly near infra red light. Such materials are known and can be considered conventional. Such materials include, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), lanthanum hexaboride, and iron oxides.
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • ATO antimony tin oxide
  • lanthanum hexaboride lanthanum hexaboride
  • iron oxides iron oxides.
  • the IR blocking material is particulate in form. Typically the particles have ultra fine particles sizes so that the transparency of the laminate is not adversely affected.
  • the IR blocking particles of the present invention comprise ATO or ITO. Even more preferably, the IR blocking particles comprise ITO.
  • the IR blocking material is present in the coating in a finite amount up to about 30 wt %, more preferably from about 10 wt % to about 20 wt %, and still more preferably about 15 wt % based on the total weight of the dispersion, i.e., of the IR blocking material, the DMF and the polymer.
  • the IR blocking particles are applied to the surface of the polymer as a dispersion of the small particles in a matrix comprising an organic solvent, such as dimethyl formamide (DMF) for example, and a polymeric binder.
  • a polymeric binder is dissolved in the organic solvent.
  • the polymeric binder is the same as or compatible with the polymer being coated.
  • compatible with it is meant that the polymeric binder adheres strongly to the surface of the polymer being coated.
  • the polymeric binder functions to aid in adhesion of the particles to the polymer surface, and to improve adhesion of the coated polymer to an adjoining layer in a laminate.
  • the polymeric binder comprises PVB. More preferably, the polymeric binder consists essentially of PVB. Still more preferably, the polymeric binder consists essentially of PVB having about 23% free hydroxyl.
  • the polymeric binder is present in a finite amount up to about 20 wt %, more preferably at a level of about 3 to about 13 wt %, and still more preferably at a level of about 8 wt %, based on the total weight of the IR blocking particle dispersion.
  • IR blocking coatings comprising about 8 wt % of a 23% free hydroxyl PVB.
  • the present invention is a process for applying a dispersion of an IR blocking material to at least a portion of the surface of a polymeric material comprising the step of printing the dispersion onto the surface.
  • the polymeric material is in the form of a film or sheet.
  • the printing step is a conventional process such as flexographic or gravure printing.
  • the process can comprise the step of passing the IR blocking particles through a grinding or milling apparatus, such as an Eiger mill, to reduce the particle size of the IR blocking material and/or to disperse the material in the organic solvent or in the polymer matrix.
  • the IR blocking material can be passed through the grinding apparatus dry, or as a dispersion in the organic solvent, or as a dispersion in the polymer matrix.
  • the dispersed ink thus obtained can be printed onto at least a portion of at least one surface of the polymer.
  • the ink is printed directly onto a surface of the polymer.
  • the coated polymer may optionally be dried by any suitable means known in the art, such as by the application of heat or vacuum of both, for example.
  • the present invention is a laminate comprising at least one polymer layer that is at least partially covered with a coating comprising an IR blocking material. Suitable and preferred polymer layers and IR blocking coatings are as set forth above.
  • the laminate preferably comprises at least one sheet of glass, but can comprise another material in a rigid transparent layer as a substitute for glass.
  • the present invention comprises a laminate of at least two polymer layers, at least one of which has been at least partially covered with a coating comprising an IR blocking material.
  • a coating comprising an IR blocking material.
  • suitable and preferred polymer layers and IR blocking coatings are as set forth above.
  • the sheets can be laminated together as adjoining and adjacent layers, or can be separated by other laminate layers.
  • the coated polymers can comprise the same materials or different materials, including the same or different IR blocking materials.
  • the coating or coatings are disposed between two of the polymer layers. More preferably, the two polymer layers are adjacent.
  • the laminate includes at least one outer layer of glass or another material in a rigid transparent layer as a substitute for glass. More preferably, the laminate includes two outer layers of glass or another rigid transparent material.
  • coated surface of the polymer in a laminate of the present invention can be oriented away from the outer surface of the laminate, or towards the outer surface of the laminate, or can be the outer surface of the laminate.
  • Various laminate constructions can be envisioned by one of ordinary skill in the glazing art.
  • Indium tin oxide (40 gms) is dispersed in 300 gms of a 6.4% PVB in DMF solution.
  • the dispersion is milled in an Eiger mill at ambient temperature for approximately 4 hours, or until the mixture appears uniform in appearance.
  • the dispersion is then coated by hand-dipping onto a sheet of 3GO-based PVB (30 mils) using a rotogravure printing process. The web speed was 50 fpm.
  • the PVB sheet was imprinted with up to four layers of the the ITO dispersion. Samples were cut from the printed PVB sheet after each of the printing passes.
  • the samples of the coated PVB sheet were laminated between two layers of clear glass, thickness 2.3 mm.
  • the glass laminates are tested by measuring haze, pummeling, and the transmittance of light having wavelengths in the range of from 275 to 2500 nm.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
US11/013,499 2003-12-15 2004-12-15 Process for preparing polymeric films useful for blocking the transmission of near infra red light Abandoned US20050203233A1 (en)

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US11/013,499 US20050203233A1 (en) 2003-12-15 2004-12-15 Process for preparing polymeric films useful for blocking the transmission of near infra red light
US11/713,299 US7378150B2 (en) 2003-12-15 2007-03-02 Process for preparing polymeric films useful for blocking the transmission of near infra red light

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US52985303P 2003-12-15 2003-12-15
US11/013,499 US20050203233A1 (en) 2003-12-15 2004-12-15 Process for preparing polymeric films useful for blocking the transmission of near infra red light

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060229406A1 (en) * 2005-03-24 2006-10-12 Silverman Lee A Process for uniformly dispersing particles in a polymer
US20070223097A1 (en) * 2006-03-23 2007-09-27 Shashikant Bhalchandra Garware Solar energy shielding window film laminates
US20090130451A1 (en) * 2007-11-19 2009-05-21 Tony Farrell Laser-weldable thermoplastics, methods of manufacture, and articles thereof
CN107522988A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2017-12-29 宁波千玉琉璃制品股份有限公司 一种高强度复合琉璃
US9862842B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2018-01-09 Sabic Global Technologies B.V. Infrared radiation absorbing articles and method of manufacture
US11097565B2 (en) 2018-04-27 2021-08-24 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Thermally expandable sheet
US11203220B2 (en) 2017-03-24 2021-12-21 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Ink, printing apparatus, printing method, manufacturing method for shaped object, and thermal expansion sheet

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8871335B2 (en) * 2005-08-31 2014-10-28 Kuraray America Inc. Solar control laminate
EP2878442A1 (de) 2013-11-29 2015-06-03 Kuraray Europe GmbH Verbundglaslaminate mit Wärmestrahlung abschirmenden Eigenschaften
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