US10590279B2 - Composition and an article of manufacture comprising the same - Google Patents

Composition and an article of manufacture comprising the same Download PDF

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US10590279B2
US10590279B2 US15/324,773 US201515324773A US10590279B2 US 10590279 B2 US10590279 B2 US 10590279B2 US 201515324773 A US201515324773 A US 201515324773A US 10590279 B2 US10590279 B2 US 10590279B2
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hydrocarbylene
unsubstituted
hydrogen
alkyl
hetero
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US20170204272A1 (en
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Brian Yu
Youngchun Chen
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Dow Global Technologies LLC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
    • C09D4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
    • C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
    • C08F255/023—On to modified polymers, e.g. chlorinated polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F287/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to block polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
    • C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
    • C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/002—Priming paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J4/00—Adhesives based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; adhesives, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09J183/00 - C09J183/16
    • C09J4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09J159/00 - C09J187/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2323/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/08—Copolymers of ethene

Definitions

  • Olefin-based polymers can be produced with specially designed molecular weight and molecular weight distribution. This process affords some very unique characteristics to the products, and these polymers are finding many applications, for example, as shoe soles in footwear.
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers
  • Olefin-based polymers for example, POE (polyolefin elastomers) and OBC (olefin block copolymers)
  • OBC comparatively high melting point
  • OBC also brings additional advantages such as low shrinkage, low compression set, and improved dynamic fatigue resistance at elevated temperatures, which are also very important in footwear production and use.
  • OBC has been commercialized in several footwear applications, and it is expected there will be more applications in the future.
  • the non-polar molecular nature of the above mentioned olefin-based polymers makes them difficult to be bonded, painted, and printed, due to the low surface energy of the polyolefins.
  • the midsole is bonded to the vulcanized rubber outsole, and to the shoe upper, which is usually made from natural/artificial leather.
  • the existing maximum total olefin-based polymer loading in the midsole formulation cannot exceed 30% (the balance is EVA) due to adhesion issues of higher olefin-based polymer content compositions. Therefore, there is a need to improve the adhesion characteristics of the olefin-based polymer materials, so as to improve bonding, paintability and printability.
  • the instant invention provides a composition
  • each R is independently selected from the group consisting of the following: substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylenes, and substituted or unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylenes, each of the hydrocarbylenes and hetero-hydrocarbylenes having between 4 and 40 carbon atoms and x is any integer equal to or greater than 1; B) at least one chlorinated olefin-based polymer and/or at least one functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymer; and C) one or more styrene-based block copolymer or derivative thereof.
  • the invention also provides a composition comprising the following D)-F):
  • Z 1 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene; each R 1 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; each R 2 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; R 3 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • Z 2 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl;
  • R 4 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • R 6 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene;
  • y ⁇ 0; and when y 0, R 6 is not present;
  • Z 3 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl
  • R 8 is -(T-O—C(O)—CR ⁇ CH2) where R is hydrogen or alkyl, and T is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene
  • R 9 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 10 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 11 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstitute
  • Z 4 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl
  • R 13 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R1 4 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 15 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 16 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 17 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene
  • y ⁇ 0, and when y 0, R 17 is not present
  • R 18 is selected from hydrogen
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic depicting a test sample for the T-Peel test
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bonding process utilizing the inventive composition
  • FIG. 3 is a chart illustrating the average peel strength for Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Inventive Examples 1 and 2 on a 50% POE foam substrate;
  • FIG. 4 is a chart illustrating the average peel strength for Comparative Examples 1 and 3 and Inventive Examples 2 and 3 on a 70% POE foam substrate;
  • FIG. 5 is a chart illustrating the impact on peel strength of Inventive Example 4 on various substrates.
  • polymer refers to a polymeric compound prepared by polymerizing monomers, whether of the same or a different type.
  • the generic term polymer thus embraces the term homopolymer (employed to refer to polymers prepared from only one type of monomer, with the understanding that trace amounts of impurities can be incorporated into the polymer structure), and the term interpolymer as defined hereinafter. Trace amounts of impurities (for example, catalyst residues) may be incorporated into and/or within the polymer.
  • interpolymer refers to polymers prepared by the polymerization of at least two different types of monomers.
  • the generic term interpolymer includes copolymers (employed to refer to polymers prepared from two different types of monomers), and polymers prepared from more than two different types of monomers.
  • olefin-based polymer refers to a polymer that comprises a majority amount of polymerized olefin monomer, for example ethylene or propylene (based on weight of the polymer) and, optionally, may contain at least one comonomer.
  • ethylene-based polymer refers to a polymer that comprises a majority amount of polymerized ethylene monomer (based on weight of the polymer) and, optionally, may contain at least one comonomer.
  • ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin interpolymer refers to an interpolymer that comprises a majority amount of polymerized ethylene monomer (based on the weight of the interpolymer) and at least one ⁇ -olefin.
  • ethylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer refers to a copolymer that comprises a majority amount of polymerized ethylene monomer (based on the weight of the copolymer), and an ⁇ -olefin, as the only two monomer types.
  • propylene-based polymer refers to a polymer that comprises a majority amount of polymerized propylene monomer (based on weight of the polymer) and, optionally, may comprise at least one comonomer.
  • propylene/ ⁇ -olefin interpolymer refers to an interpolymer that comprises a majority amount of polymerized propylene monomer (based on the weight of the interpolymer) and at least one ⁇ -olefin.
  • the ⁇ -olefin of a propylene/ ⁇ -olefin interpolymer may be ethylene.
  • propylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer refers to a copolymer that comprises a majority amount of polymerized propylene monomer (based on the weight of the copolymer), and an ⁇ -olefin, as the only two monomer types.
  • the ⁇ -olefin of a propylene/ ⁇ -olefin copolymer may be ethylene.
  • composition includes a mixture of materials which comprise the composition, as well as reaction products and decomposition products formed from the materials of the composition.
  • chlorinated olefin-based polymer refers to an olefin-based polymer comprising units derived from one or more chlorine-containing comonomers or an olefin-based polymer which is subjected to a chlorination reaction.
  • exemplary chlorination reactions are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,763,692, 5,446,064, 4,767,823 and PCT Publication No. WO2008/002952, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the chlorinated olefin-based polymer has a chlorine content of from 15 to 40 wt %, based on the weight of the polymer. All individual values and subranges from 15 to 40 wt % are included and disclosed herein; for example, the chlorine content can range from a lower limit of 15, 20, 25, 30 or 35 wt % to an upper limit of 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40 wt %.
  • olefin-based polymers for use in the production of chlorinated olefin-based polymers include, but are not limited to, polypropylene-based polymers, such as, polypropylene homopolymers, propylene-alpha-olefin interpolymers and propylene-alpha-olefin copolymers; and ethylene-based polymers, such as, polyethylene homopolymers, ethylene-alpha-olefin interpolymers and ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymers.
  • alpha-olefins in propylene-alpha-olefin interpolymers and copolymers include ethylene or C 4-20 alpha-olefins, such as ethylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-hexadecene, 4-methyl-1-pentene.
  • alpha-olefins in ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymers include C 3-20 ⁇ -olefins, such as propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-hexadecene, 4-methyl-1-pentene.
  • the chlorinated olefin-based polymer has a weight average molecular weight, Mw, from 25,000 to 125,000 g/mole. All individual values and subranges from 25,000 to 125,000 are included and disclosed herein; for example, the Mw can be from a lower limit of 25000, 50000, 75000, or 100000 g/mole to an upper limit of 50000, 75000, 100000, or 125000.
  • the Mw can be from 25000 to 125000, or in the alternative, from 25000 to 75000, or in the alternative, from 75000 to 125000, or in the alternative, from 50000 to 100000.
  • chlorinated ethylene-based polymers include those prepared from copolymers comprising ethylene and at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, selected from the group consisting of C 3 -C 8 alpha-olefins.
  • chlorinated ethylene-based copolymers which may be employed in the compositions of this invention, include copolymers of ethylene with propylene, 1-butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene or octene.
  • chlorinated propylene-based polymers examples include HARDLEN DX-526P and HARDLEN 14-LWP which are commercially available from Toyo Kasei Kogyo Company (Japan).
  • chlorinated ethylene-based polymers examples include the TYRIN chlorinated polyethylenes which are commercially available from The Dow Chemical Company.
  • the term “functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer” refers to one or more of the following: (a) a chlorinated olefin-based polymer onto which anhydride (for example, maleic anhydride) and/or carboxylic acid functional groups are grafted onto the olefin based polymer; (b) an olefin-based polymer comprising one or more chlorine containing comonomers, and which is later functionalized with maleic anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functional groups; and (c) chlorinated polymers containing one or more comonomers containing carboxylic acid and/or ester groups. Grafting reactions, are described for example in U.S. Pat. Nos.
  • the functional group may be present in a copolymer (i.e., carboxylic acid functional group) which is copolymerized with the olefin monomers to form the olefin based polymer.
  • the functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymer is an anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer, which is formed from a chlorinated olefin-based polymer, onto which, maleic anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functional groups are grafted onto the olefin based polymer.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 7,763,692 discloses exemplary functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymers.
  • the functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymer is an anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer that has a chlorine content from 10 to 35 wt %, based on the total weight of the anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer. All individual values and subranges from 10 to 35 wt % chlorine are included and disclosed herein; for example, the chlorine content can be from a lower limit of 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30 or 34 wt % to an upper limit of 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, or 35 wt %.
  • the chlorine content can be from 10 to 35 wt %, or in the alternative, from 10 to 20 wt %, or in the alternative, from 20 to 35 wt %, or in the alternative, from 18 to 32 wt %, or in the alternative, from 15 to 30 wt %, or in the alternative.
  • the anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated polyolefin (MAH-g-CPO).
  • the anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated polyolefin having a maleic anhydride content of from 0.75 to 3 wt %, based on the weight of the anhydride functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer. All individual values and subranges from 0.75 to 3 wt % are included and disclosed herein; for example, the maleic anhydride level can be from a lower limit of 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 or 2.75 wt % to an upper limit of 0.9, 1.35, 1.8, 2.25, 2.8 or 3 wt %.
  • the maleic anhydride level can be from 0.75 to 3 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.75 to 1.75 wt %, or in the alternative, from 1.75 to 3 wt %, or in the alternative, from 1 to 2 wt %.
  • the anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated polyolefin, having a weight average molecular weight, Mw, from 25,000 to 125,000 g/mole. All individual values and subranges from 25,000 to 125,000 are included and disclosed herein; for example, the Mw can be from a lower limit of 25000, 50000, 75000, or 100000 g/mole to an upper limit of 50000, 75000, 100000, or 125000.
  • the Mw can be from 25000 to 125000, or in the alternative, from 25000 to 75000, or in the alternative, from 75000 to 125000, or in the alternative, from 50000 to 100000.
  • hydrocarbon refers to a chemical group containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms.
  • hydrocarbylene refers to a divalent (diradical) chemical group containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms.
  • substituted hydrocarbylene refers to a hydrocarbylene, in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a substituent that comprises at least one heteroatom.
  • hetero-hydrocarbylene refers to a hydrocarbylene, in which at least one carbon atom, or CH group, or CH2 group, is substituted with a heteroatom or a chemical group containing at least one heteroatom.
  • Heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, O, N, P and S.
  • substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene refers to a hetero-hydrocarbylene, in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a substituent that comprises at least one heteroatom.
  • hydrocarbyl refers to a monovalent (monoradical) chemical group containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms.
  • substituted hydrocarbyl refers to a hydrocarbyl, in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a substituent that comprises at least one heteroatom.
  • hetero-hydrocarbyl refers to a hydrocarbyl, in which at least one carbon atom, or CH group, or CH2 group, is substituted with a heteroatom or a chemical group containing at least one heteroatom.
  • Hetero atoms include, but are not limited to, O, N, P and S.
  • substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl refers to a hetero-hydrocarbyl, in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a substituent that comprises at least one heteroatom.
  • the instant invention is a composition
  • each R is independently selected from the group consisting of the following; substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylenes, and substituted or unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylenes, each of the hydrocarbylenes and hetero-hydrocarbylenes having between 4 and 40 carbon atoms and x is any integer equal to or greater than 1, and further only one of the above structures;
  • the invention also provides a composition comprising the following D)-F):
  • Z 1 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene; each R 1 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; each R 2 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; R 3 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • Z 2 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl;
  • R 4 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • R 6 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene;
  • y ⁇ 0; and when y 0, R 6 is not present;
  • Z 3 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl
  • R 8 is -(T-O—C(O)—CR ⁇ CH2) where R is hydrogen or alkyl, and T is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene
  • R 9 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 10 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 11 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstitute
  • Z 4 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl
  • R 13 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R1 4 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 15 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 16 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 17 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene
  • y ⁇ 0, and when y 0, R 17 is not present
  • R 18 is selected from hydrogen
  • the instant invention provides an article of manufacture comprising at least one component which comprises the composition according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein.
  • Component A) is one or more monomers and/or oligomers selected from the group consisting of the following:
  • each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbylenes and hetero-hydrocarbylenes, each of the hydrocarbylenes and hetero-hydrocarbylenes having between 4 and 40 carbon atoms and x is any integer equal to or greater than 1.
  • Component A is selected from one of the structures above.
  • the invention also provides a composition comprising the following compounds of Component D:
  • Z 1 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene; each R 1 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; each R 2 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; R 3 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • Z 2 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl;
  • R 4 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • R 6 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene;
  • y ⁇ 0; and when y 0, R 6 is not present;
  • Z 3 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl
  • R 8 is -(T-O—C(O)—CR ⁇ CH2) where R is hydrogen or alkyl, and T is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene
  • R 9 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 10 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 11 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstitute
  • Z 4 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl
  • R 13 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R1 4 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 15 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 16 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R 17 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene
  • y ⁇ 0, and when y 0, R 17 is not present
  • R 18 is selected from hydrogen
  • Z 1 is selected from the following: —CHR—O—CHR—, wherein each R is independently H or alkyl; —CHR—O—CHRCHR—O—CHR—, wherein each R is independently H or alkyl; or —(CHR)n-, wherein R is H or alkyl, and n ⁇ 1;
  • Z 2 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl
  • R 6 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene
  • Z 3 is selected from hydrogen or an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl
  • R 11 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene
  • Z 4 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl
  • R 17 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene.
  • Component A or Component D is selected from the following: (a) through (1);
  • the at least one compound of component D) is selected from the group consisting of the following: 1,6 Hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), tri propylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA); dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA) and 1,4-butandiol diacrylate (BDDA).
  • the at least one compound of component D) is selected from the group consisting of the following: Diethylene glycol diacrylate; Triethylene glycol diacrylate; Neopentyl glycol diacrylate (NPGDA); and NonanediolDiacrylate (NDDA).
  • the at least one compound of component D) is selected from the group consisting of the following: Glycerylpropoxy Triacrylate (GPTA); Trimethylolpropane Trimethacrylate (TMPTMA); Di-Trimethylolpropane Tetraacrylate (Di-TMPTA); and Di-pentaerythritol hexa acrylate (DPHA).
  • GPTA Glycerylpropoxy Triacrylate
  • TMPTMA Trimethylolpropane Trimethacrylate
  • Di-TMPTA Di-Trimethylolpropane Tetraacrylate
  • DPHA Di-pentaerythritol hexa acrylate
  • component D examples include 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate (HDDA) (having the structure shown in Formula 1) and tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) (having the structure shown in Formula 2).
  • HDDA 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate
  • TPGDA tripropylene glycol diacrylate
  • the component is HDDA.
  • the component is TPGDA.
  • component D) comprises 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate (HDDA).
  • component D) comprises tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA).
  • component D) is selected from the following: Z 1 —(CR 1 R 2 —O—C(O)—CR 3 ⁇ CH 2 ) 2 (Formula 1); wherein, for Formula 1, Z 1 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene; each R 1 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; each R 2 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; R 3 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl.
  • Z 1 is selected from the following: an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene.
  • R e is hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R f is hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R g is hydrogen or an alkyl
  • R h is hydrogen or an alkyl
  • Z 2 is selected
  • the compound of component D is selected from: H 2 C ⁇ CH—C(O)—O—CH 2 —(R) x —CH 2 —O—C(O)—CH ⁇ CH 2 , where R is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, and x ⁇ 1.
  • Z 2 is selected from hydrogen or an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl
  • R 6 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene.
  • x 3.
  • Z 2 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl
  • x 3.
  • component D) is selected from the following: Z 3 (3-x) —CR 8 —[CR 9 R 510 —(R 11 ) y —O—C(O)—CR 12 ⁇ CH 2 ] x (Formula 3), wherein for Formula 3, Z 3 is selected from hydrogen, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, a substituted hydrocarbyl, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbyl, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbyl; R 8 is -(T-O—C(O)—CR ⁇ CH2) where R is hydrogen or alkyl, and T is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene, an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, or a substituted hetero-hydrocarbylene; R 9 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; R 10 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl; is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, a substituted hydrocarbylene
  • Z 3 is selected from hydrogen or an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl
  • R 11 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene.
  • x 2
  • Z 3 is selected from hydrogen or an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl
  • R 8 is -(T-O—C(O)—CR ⁇ CH2) where R is hydrogen or alkyl, and T is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene, R 11 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene.
  • x 2.
  • Z 3 is selected from hydrogen or an alkyl;
  • Z 4 is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl; is selected from an unsubstituted hydrocarbylene, or an unsubstituted hetero-hydrocarbylene.
  • x 2 or 3.
  • styrenic block copolymers suitable for the invention are described in EP 0 712 892 B1, WO 2004/041538 A1, U.S. Pat. No. 6,582,829B1, US2004/0087235 A1, US2004/0122408 A1, US2004/0122409A1, and U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,789,699, 5,093,422 and 5,332,613, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Some styrene-based block copolymers or derivatives thereof are described below.
  • hydrogenated styrenic block copolymers suitable for the invention have at least two mono-alkenyl arene blocks, preferably two polystyrene blocks, separated by a block of saturated conjugated diene comprising less than 20% residual ethylenic unsaturation, preferably a saturated polybutadiene block.
  • the preferred styrenic block copolymers have a linear structure although in some embodiments, branched or radial polymers or functionalized block copolymers make useful compounds (amine-functionalized styrenic block copolymers are generally disfavored in the manufacture of the artificial leather of this invention).
  • polystyrene-saturated polybutadiene-polystyrene and polystyrene-saturated polyisoprene-polystyrene block copolymers comprise polystyrene end-blocks having a number average molecular weight from 5,000 to 35,000 and saturated polybutadiene or saturated polyisoprene mid-blocks having a number average molecular weight from 20,000 to 170,000.
  • the saturated polybutadiene blocks preferably have from 35-55% 1,2-configuration and the saturated polyisoprene blocks preferably have greater than 85% 1,4-configuration.
  • the total number average molecular weight of the styrenic block copolymer is preferably from 30,000 to 250,000 if the copolymer has a linear structure.
  • Such block copolymers typically have an average polystyrene content from 10% by weight to 30%, more typically from 10% by weight to 20% by weight.
  • SEBS S is styrene, E is ethylene and B is butylene
  • the at least one styrene-based block copolymer or derivative thereof, component C) or component F), is selected from the group consisting of the following: styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS), styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymer (SBS), and maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS-g-MAH).
  • SEBS styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer
  • SBS styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymer
  • SEBS-g-MAH maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer
  • the at least one chlorinated olefin-based polymer of component B) or component E), is selected from the group consisting of chlorinated olefin-based polymers that have a chlorine content from 10 to 40 wt %, based on the weight of the chlorinated olefin-based polymer.
  • the at least one chlorinated olefin-based polymer of component B) or component E), is selected from the group consisting of functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymers that have a chlorine content from 10 to 40 wt %, based on the weight of the chlorinated olefin-based polymer.
  • the functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymer is anhydride and/or carboxylic functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymer.
  • the composition is formed using an anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer that has a chlorine content from 10 to 40 wt %, based on the total weight of the anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer. All individual values and subranges from 10 to 40 wt % chlorine are included and disclosed herein; for example, the chlorine content can be from a lower limit of 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30 or 34 wt % to an upper limit of 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 35 or 40 wt %.
  • the chlorine content can be from 10 to 40 wt %, or in the alternative, from 10 to 20 wt %, or in the alternative, from 20 to 40 wt %, or in the alternative, from 18 to 32 wt %, or in the alternative, from 15 to 30 wt %, or in the alternative.
  • the anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated polyolefin.
  • the anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated polyolefin having a maleic anhydride content of from 0.75 to 3 wt %, based on the weight of the anhydride functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer. All individual values and subranges from 0.75 to 3 wt % are included and disclosed herein; for example, the maleic anhydride level can be from a lower limit of 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 or 2.75 wt % to an upper limit of 0.9, 1.35, 1.8, 2.25, 2.8 or 3 wt %.
  • the maleic anhydride level can be from 0.75 to 3 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.75 to 1.75 wt %, or in the alternative, from 1.75 to 3 wt %, or in the alternative, from 1 to 2 wt %.
  • the anhydride and/or carboxylic acid functionalized, chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated polyolefin (or maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated olefin-based polymer) having a weight average molecular weight, Mw, from 25,000 to 125,000 g/mole.
  • the Mw can be from a lower limit of 25000, 50000, 75000, or 100000 g/mole to an upper limit of 50000, 75000, 100000, or 125000.
  • the Mw can be from 25000 to 125000, or in the alternative, from 25000 to 75000, or in the alternative, from 75000 to 125000, or in the alternative, from 50000 to 100000.
  • Exemplary component B) or component E) species include maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated polyolefins (or maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated olefin-based polymer; for example a maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated ethylene-based polymer or a maleic anhydride grafted chlorinated propylene-based polymer).
  • an inventive composition further comprises G) at least one photoinitiator.
  • Photoinitiators a/k/a photopolymerization initiators, photoreaction initiators, and the like, are known in the art.
  • Exemplary photoinitiators include benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin, .alpha.-methylbenzoin, benzoin n-butyl ether, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-tert-butylanthraquinone, 1-chloroanthraquinone, 2-amylanthraquinone, 2-aminoanthraquinone, benzophenone, p-chlorobenzophenone, p-dimethylaminobenzophenone, benzophenone methyl ether, methylbenzophenone, 4,4-dichlorobenzophenone, 4,4-bisdiethylaminobenzophenone, diphenyl sul
  • an inventive composition further comprises H) one or more non-aromatic and nonchlorinated organic solvents.
  • any non-aromatic and non-chlorinated solvent may be used in some embodiments of the inventive composition.
  • exemplary non-aromatic and non-chlorinated solvents include heptane, methyl cyclohexane (MCH), ethyl cyclohexane, cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), ethyl acetate (EA), butyl acetate (BA), and any combination of two or more thereof.
  • the solvent is selected from the group consisting of MCH and heptane.
  • the composition comprises from 0.1 to 10 wt % combined amount of components A), B), C) and G) and from 99.9 to 90 wt % of the one or more non-aromatic and nonchlorinated organic solvents; each wt % based on the weight of the composition; or
  • composition comprises from 0.1 to 10 wt % combined amount of components D), E), F) and G) and from 99.9 to 90 wt % of the one or more non-aromatic and nonchlorinated organic solvents; each wt % based on the weight of the composition.
  • the composition comprises from 0.1 to 90 wt % component A), from 1 to 90 wt % component B), from 1 to 90 wt % component C) and from 0.1 to 10 wt % component G), each based on the total weight of components A), B), C) and G) combined; or
  • composition comprises from 0.1 to 90 wt % component D), from 1 to 90 wt % component E), from 1 to 90 wt % component F) and from 0.1 to 10 wt % component G), each based on the total weight of components D), E), F) and G) combined.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the composition further comprises G) at least one photoinitiator.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the composition further comprises H) one or more non-aromatic and nonchlorinated organic solvents.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the one or more monomers and/or oligomers, component A), comprises 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate (HDDA).
  • component A 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the one or more monomers and/or oligomers, component A), comprises tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA).
  • TPGDA tripropylene glycol diacrylate
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a chlorinated ethylene-based polymer.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a chlorinated propylene-based polymer.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a functionalized chlorinated ethylene-based polymer.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the functionalized chlorinated olefin-based polymer is a functionalized chlorinated propylene-based polymer.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the one or more one or more styrene-based block copolymer or derivative thereof, component C), is selected from the group consisting of styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS), styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymer (SBS), and maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS-g-MAH).
  • SEBS styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer
  • SBS styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymer
  • SEBS-g-MAH maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the one or more one or more styrene-based block copolymer or derivative thereof, component F), is selected from the group consisting of styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS), styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymer (SBS), and maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS-g-MAH).
  • SEBS styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer
  • SBS styrene/butadiene/styrene block copolymer
  • SEBS-g-MAH maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene block copolymer
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the composition comprises from 0.1 ⁇ 10 wt % combined amount of components A), B), C) and G) and from 99.9 to 90 wt % of the one or more non-aromatic and nonchlorinated organic solvents. All individual values and subranges of the foregoing weight percentage ranges are included and disclosed herein.
  • the combined amount of components A), B), C) and G) can range from a lower limit of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 wt % to an upper limit of 0.2, 0.7, 1.5, 3, 5, 7, 9 or 10 wt %.
  • the combined amount of components A), B), C) and G) can be from 0.1 to 10 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.1 to 5 wt %, or in the alternative, from 5 to 10 wt %, or in the alternative, from 2 to 8 wt %, or in the alternative, from 3 to 7 wt %.
  • the amount of component H), the one or more non-aromatic and nonchlorinated organic solvent can range from a lower limit of 90, 92, 94, 96 or 98 wt % to an upper limit of 91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 99.5 or 99.9 wt %.
  • the weight of the solvent can be from 90 to 99.9 wt %, or in the alternative from 95 to 99.9 wt %, or in the alternative, from 93 to 97 wt %, or in the alternative, from 92 to 98 wt %.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the composition comprises from 0.1 ⁇ 10 wt % combined amount of components D), E), F) and G) and from 99.9 to 90 wt % of the one or more non-aromatic and nonchlorinated organic solvents. All individual values and subranges of the foregoing weight percentage ranges are included and disclosed herein.
  • the combined amount of components D), E), F) and G) can range from a lower limit of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 wt % to an upper limit of 0.2, 0.7, 1.5, 3, 5, 7, 9 or 10 wt %.
  • the combined amount of components D), E), F) and G) can be from 0.1 to 10 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.1 to 5 wt %, or in the alternative, from 5 to 10 wt %, or in the alternative, from 2 to 8 wt %, or in the alternative, from 3 to 7 wt %.
  • the amount of component E), the one or more non-aromatic and nonchlorinated organic solvent can range from a lower limit of 90, 92, 94, 96 or 98 wt % to an upper limit of 91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 99.5 or 99.9 wt %.
  • the weight of the solvent can be from 90 to 99.9 wt %, or in the alternative from 95 to 99.9 wt %, or in the alternative, from 93 to 97 wt %, or in the alternative, from 92 to 98 wt %.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the composition comprises from 0.1 to 90 wt % component A), from 1 to 90 wt % component B), from 1 to 90 wt % component C) and from 0.1 to 10 wt % component G), each based on the total weight of components A), B), C) and G) combined. All individual values and subranges of the foregoing weight percentage ranges are included and disclosed herein.
  • the amount of component A) based on the total weight of components A), B), C) and G) combined can range from a lower limit of 0.1, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 wt % to an upper limit of 0.5, 1.5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85 or 90 wt %.
  • the amount of component A) based on the total weight of components A), B), C) and G) combined can be from 0.1 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 50 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.1 to 50 wt %, or in the alternative, from 25 to 75 wt %.
  • the amount of component B) can range from a lower limit of 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 wt % to an upper limit of 5, 15, 25, 355, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85 or 90 wt %.
  • the amount of component B) can be from 1 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 45 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 1 to 55 wt %, or in the alternative, from 25 to 75 wt %, or in the alternative, from 30 to 70 wt %.
  • the amount of component C) based on the total weight of components A), B), C) and G) combined can range from a lower limit of 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 wt % to an upper limit of 5, 15, 25, 355, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85 or 90 wt %.
  • the amount of component C) can be from 1 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 45 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 1 to 55 wt %, or in the alternative, from 25 to 75 wt %, or in the alternative, from 30 to 70 wt %.
  • the amount of component G) based on the total weight of components A), B), C) and G) combined can range from a lower limit of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 wt % to an upper limit of 0.2, 0.7, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 wt %.
  • the amount of component G) can be from 0.1 to 10 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.1 to 5 wt %, or in the alternative, from 4 to 10 wt %, or in the alternative, from 2 to 8 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.5 to 2.5 wt %.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the composition comprises from 0.1 to 90 wt % component D), from 1 to 90 wt % component E), from 1 to 90 wt % component F) and from 0.1 to 10 wt % component G), each based on the total weight of components D), E), F) and G) combined. All individual values and subranges of the foregoing weight percentage ranges are included and disclosed herein.
  • the amount of component D) based on the total weight of components D), E), F) and G) combined can range from a lower limit of 0.1, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 wt % to an upper limit of 0.5, 1.5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85 or 90 wt %.
  • the amount of component D) based on the total weight of components D), E), F) and G) combined can be from 0.1 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 50 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.1 to 50 wt %, or in the alternative, from 25 to 75 wt %.
  • the amount of component E) can range from a lower limit of 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 wt % to an upper limit of 5, 15, 25, 355, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85 or 90 wt %.
  • the amount of component E) can be from 1 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 45 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 1 to 55 wt %, or in the alternative, from 25 to 75 wt %, or in the alternative, from 30 to 70 wt %.
  • the amount of component F) based on the total weight of components D), E), F) and G) combined can range from a lower limit of 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80 wt % to an upper limit of 5, 15, 25, 355, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85 or 90 wt %.
  • the amount of component F) can be from 1 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 45 to 90 wt %, or in the alternative, from 1 to 55 wt %, or in the alternative, from 25 to 75 wt %, or in the alternative, from 30 to 70 wt %.
  • the amount of component G) based on the total weight of components D), E), F) and G) combined can range from a lower limit of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9 wt % to an upper limit of 0.2, 0.7, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 wt %.
  • the amount of component G) can be from 0.1 to 10 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.1 to 5 wt %, or in the alternative, from 4 to 10 wt %, or in the alternative, from 2 to 8 wt %, or in the alternative, from 0.5 to 2.5 wt %.
  • the invention also provides an article of manufacture comprising at least one component which comprises the composition according to any one of the preceding claims.
  • the article is selected from the group consisting of footwear products.
  • the at least one component is an adhesive primer for a midsole.
  • the invention also provides an article comprising at least one component formed from an inventive composition as described herein.
  • the article is a footwear product.
  • the article further comprising a substrate.
  • the substrate is formed from a composition comprising an olefin multi-block copolymer (for example, see U.S. Pat. No. 7,858,706) and, optionally, at least one other polymer.
  • the other polymer differs in one or more properties from the olefin block copolymer, for examples, in density, melt index, Mw, Mn, MWD, comonomer, and/or the amount of comonomer.
  • the other polymer is an EVA.
  • the olefin multi-block copolymer is an ethylene multi-block copolymer (for example, an ethylene/octene multi-block copolymer).
  • Ethylene multi-block copolymers are sold under the Tradename INFUSE Olefin Block Copolymers, available from The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich., USA.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the article of manufacture is selected from the group consisting of footwear.
  • Exemplary footwear include sports shoes, water shoes, boots, safety footwear, and sandals.
  • the invention provides the composition and article of manufacture in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein except that the component of the article of manufacture which comprises the composition is an adhesive primer for a midsole.
  • the invention provides an article of manufacture comprising at least one component formed from an inventive composition.
  • the article is a footwear product.
  • the at least one component is an adhesive primer for a midsole.
  • Waterborne Polyurethane Adhesives include adhesives which are commercially available: under the names 6602, 6608, and GE-01 from Great Eastern Resins Industrial Co. Ltd. (Taiwan); under the names NP-57 and NP-580 from Nan Pao Resins Chemical Co. Ltd. (Taiwan); and WU-602L and WU-606 from Iao Son Hong Tinta E Vernizes Lda./Zhong Bu (Centresin) Adhesive & Chemical Co., Ltd. (Macau).
  • Polymer pellets were added to a 1.5 liter, Banbury mixer. Then, ZnO, ZnSt and CaCO 3 were added, after the polymer had melted (around 5 minutes). The blowing agent and peroxide were added last, after the fillers were uniformly dispersed, and the contents mixed for another 3 to 5 minutes for a total mixing time of 15 minutes.
  • the batch temperature was checked by using a thermo probe detector right after the compounds were discharged.
  • the composition actual temperature was generally 10 to 15° C. higher than the displayed temperature on the equipment (composition temperature was around 100° C.). Hence, during the compounding process, it is better to maintain a lower displayed equipment temperature to ensure the compound temperature does not exceed the decomposition temperature of the curing agent and the decomposition temperature blowing agent.
  • the compounded formulation was placed between two roll mills (maintained at a temperature of about 100 C), and the compounded formulation was formed into a sheet (or roll milled blanket) of about 5 mm in thickness.
  • Roll milled blankets were cut into squares (three or four “6 inch ⁇ 6 inch”), and placed inside a pre-heated bun foam mold of dimensions around 49 square inches.
  • the surface of the chase was sprayed with mold releasing agent, to avoid sticking of the foam to the chase during de-molding.
  • Two compression molding processes were involved: first a preheating process to eliminate air pockets inside the sample and between the stacked blanket layers prior to curing, and then curing/foaming process. The preheating was conducted for 8 minutes at 110° C. (low melting polymer like ENGAGE) or 120° C. (high melting polymer like INFUSE), and pressed at 10 tons, for 4 minutes, to form a solid mass in the mold before foaming.
  • the preheated mass was transferred to the foaming press, and held for 8 minutes at 100 kg/cm 2 and 180° C. Once the pressure was released, the bun foam was removed quickly from the tray, and placed in a vent hood on several non-stick sheets, and the top side length was measured as soon as possible.
  • the foam surfaces needed to be insulated from the bench top, using something like the cardboard boxes. Insulating the surfaces of the newly made bun foam will prevent uneven cooling on the top and bottom surface.
  • the foams cool in the hood for 40 minutes then they were transferred to a storage container, and allowed to cool for 24 hours.
  • HDDA DOUBLEMER HDDA supplied by Double Bond Chemical Ind.
  • TPGDA Doublemer TPGDA supplied by Double Bond Chemical Ind.
  • the pre-solutions (a ⁇ e) were carefully weighed according to the calculated weight in order to make the final primer compositions, each with the weight ratio as shown below.
  • Each wt % is based on the weight of the primer solution.
  • Comparative Example (CE)-1 utilized a commercial UV primer.
  • CE-2 utilized a primer composition as follows: (no SEBS): HDDA/TPGDA/F2P/184 (40/40/20/6.4) dissolved in MCH/MEK solvent mixture (solid level around 2.5 wt %).
  • CE-3 utilized a primer composition as follows: (no SEBS): HDDA/TPGDA/F2P/184 (30/30/40/4.8) dissolved in MCH/MEK solvent mixture (solid level around 2.5 wt %).
  • Inventive Example (IE)-1 utilized a primer composition as follows: HDDA/TPGDA/F2P/SEBS/184 (40/40/20//30/6.4) dissolved in MCH/MEK solvent mixture (solid level around 2.5 wt %).
  • IE-2 utilized a primer composition as follows: HDDA/TPGDA/F2P/SEBS/184 (30/30/40//10/4.8) dissolved in MCH/MEK solvent mixture (solid level around 2.5 wt %).
  • IE-3 utilized a primer composition as follows: HDDA/TPGDA/F2P/SEBS/184 (30/30/40//20/4.8) dissolved in MCH/MEK solvent mixture (solid level around 2.5 wt %).
  • IE-4 utilized a primer composition as follows: HDDA/TPGDA/F2P/SEBS/184 (20/20/60//20/3.2) dissolved in MCH/MEK solvent mixture (solid level around 2.5 wt %).
  • the olefin-based polymer foam slabs were cut into “15 cm (L)*2.5 cm (W)*0.5 cm (T)” test substrate foams for the bonding test (T-Peel).
  • test sample for the T-Peel adhesion test is shown in FIG. 1 (cross-section schematic).
  • the test sample preparation is outlined in FIG. 2 .
  • Each primer composition (about a coating weight of 5-10 g solid per one square meter of one substrate) was applied onto the skin side of two test substrate foams, and the primed foams were thermally treated to remove solvent (see FIG. 2 ). Then a commercially available waterborne polyurethane (PU) adhesive typically used in the footwear industry was applied on each primed olefin-based foam skin. The PU was applied onto the primed surface. Finally the two PU coated foam skin were adhered together at 70° C., and under a pressure of 3 kgf/cm 2 . The PU adhesive on both sides of the foam skin surface reacted to form a “PU adhesive layer” located between the two olefin-based foam substrates.
  • PU waterborne polyurethane
  • the resulted bonded test sample was as follows: a sandwich structure POE foam/Primer/PU Adhesive/Primer/POE foam. A “1 inch” portion of the test sample was un-adhered, in order to easily separate the two POE foam for insertion into the clamps of the T-Peel test instron. The adhered portion of the test sample was around “5 inch” in length and around “1 inch (2.5 cm)” in width. The test sample provided a good representation of the bonded foams in a footwear component.
  • the T-peel test was conducted in an INSTRON 5566.
  • the un-adhered ends of the bonded sample were clamped in the top and bottom clamps, respectively, of the instron.
  • the initial clamp distance was 1 inch.
  • the bonded sample was peeled at a crosshead speed of 100 mm/min.
  • the Peel force was recorded and average peel force was calculated. Peel strength (N/mm) was calculated as follows: average peel force (N)/sample width (mm).
  • FIG. 3 shows the bonding performance of different examples, using the 50 wt % POE based foam. As shown in FIG. 3 , the foams bonded with the inventive primer compositions had significantly higher average peel strengths, as compared to the foams primed with the comparative primer compositions.
  • FIG. 4 is similar to FIG. 3 , except the POE loading in the foam is further increased to 70 wt %. Similarly the inventive examples are still better than the comparative examples, and could also provide acceptable bonding strength for even 70 wt % POE loading foam.
  • FIG. 5 shows the bonding performance of inventive primer on different POE, OBC based foam substrates.
  • the corresponding peel strength is over 3 N/mm for even 100% POE or 100% OBC based foam by using the inventive primers.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
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WO2024000393A1 (fr) * 2022-06-30 2024-01-04 Dow Global Technologies Llc Apprêt déclenché thermiquement et composition multicouche adhésive thermodurcissable pour le détachement d'un bloc-batterie ev

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EP3166984A4 (fr) 2018-03-28
CN106536582A (zh) 2017-03-22
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US20170204272A1 (en) 2017-07-20
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KR20170031153A (ko) 2017-03-20
EP3166984B1 (fr) 2021-08-25
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CN106536582B (zh) 2019-10-15
JP6929416B2 (ja) 2021-09-01
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JP2017519880A (ja) 2017-07-20
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KR102355793B1 (ko) 2022-01-27
TW201609927A (zh) 2016-03-16

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