US1048298A - Wrench. - Google Patents

Description

J. K. DANIELS.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION TILED MAR-.13, 1912.

Patented Dec. 24, 1912.

JOHN K. DANIELS, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 24,1912.

Application filed March 13, 1912. Serial No. 683,599.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J 0111s K. DANIELS, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented a new and useful Improvement in \Vrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a wrench of that class in which two lever handles are fulerumed together forming a hand grip, one of the levers carrying upon its work end a stationary jaw and the other adapted to engage and actuate a movable jaw which is mounted to slide in the stationary jaw. A particular advantage is derived by constructing the jaws so that they will not separate after being adjusted to the object to be turned or held from turning and do not require the application of force to the movable jaw through the handle lever to hold it adjusted.

Further objects of this invention are to so construct the wrench as to accommodate flat sided nuts and bolts and circular objects such as pipes of various sizes or dimensions and to make it simple, strong, durable and thoroughly effective for the purpose designed. It is easily and readily adjusted and is comparatively cheap and inexpensive to manufacture.

It is further adapted for use as pliers and may be modified in construction for various purposes and still maintain the principles involved as illustrated and described in the following specification.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the wrench showing the jaws open and part of the cover broken away; Fig. 2 is another side elevation illustrating the jaws in closed position; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the movable jaw; Fig. 4 is a section of a detail taken upon the line X-X, Fig. 1, and F 5 is a side elevation of a modified construction of movable jaw.

In the drawings A and B represent two lever handles fulcrumed on the pin 2, 3 and 1 representing the work ends which are conveniently formed into a handle grip and 5 and 6 respectively the power ends. The power end 5 of the handle 3 is formed with an integral jaw 7 in which there is a guide channel or groove 9 one side of which is formed by the removable cover plate 10 secured to the head by means of screws 11. The work end 12 of the lever handle B is free to play in the passage 13 formed in the head below the cover 10 and the power ends of the lever handles are normally spread apart by means of the leaf spring 14 placed between the handle levers one end being secured by screws 15 to the member 3 and the other end bearing against the member B in the longitudinal channel 16.

C represents a movable jaw having a lug 17 which is free to slide in the passage 9 in the head 5 leaving said jaw free to be adjusted relatively to the stationary jaw 7. The upper edges 20 of the passage 9 extend substantially away at right angles from the face of the jaw 7 and are formed with a pair of inwardly extending shoulders 21 and 22 (see Fig. 1) the former being integral with the head 5 and the latter integral with the cover member 10. Said shoulders form a slot 23 between them in which the neck 24: between the lug 17 and the jaw C is adapted to slide freely. The back end of the passage 9 is closed by the wall 25 and serves to limit the movement of the movable jaw away from the fixed jaw. The lower portion of the lug 17 has a transverse groove 26 in which the tongue formed by the work end 12 of handle lever B plays freely this connection permitting the movable jaw to be actuated in the passage 9 by the lever B for the purpose of adjusting the jaws to a nut, bolt or pipe as the case may be and holding or turning the same.

The movable jaw G has its lower edges 37 toothed or serrated transversely at 27 near the back end of the jaw, said teeth being adapted to engage teeth 28 on the upper surface of each of the shoulders 21 and 22. The outer end of the jaw C is adapted to tilt forward toward the fixed jaw 7 this movement being permitted by convex shoulders 29 adjacent to the neck 24 on the lug 17 of the movable jaw and by the rounded corners 30 at the lower end of the front face of the jaw C. This movement is also permitted by su'ilicient space between the shoulders 29 and the lower edges 37 of the movable jaw. This tilting action permits the tongue 12 when swung forward by the handle B to move the movable jaw forward and adjust it with its front face in vertical position against a side of a nut or bolt (see Fig. 2) thus causing its teeth 27 to engage the teeth 28 and prevent the jaw C from disengaging the object to which it is applied except by reversing the movement of the handle B through the application of considerable force. This reversed movement causes the tongue 12 to impinge against the heel 31 of the slot 26 and lift the teeth on the jaw C out of engagement with the teeth 28, the end of the tongue 12 and the heel of the slot 26 being so curved as to cause this action. When the jaws are adjusted to a nut or other object which it is desired to hold or turn, the movable jaw is automatically locked in position so that the movable aw will not separate from the fixed jaw during turning movement of the wrench except through the application of power by hand to the handle lever B and by lifting the teeth of the movable jaw out of engagement with the teeth on the stationary member. The strength of the spring 14 is only sufficient to move the movable jaw back into normal position after the jaws have been removed entirely from the object to which they have previously been closed upon.

It is obvious that the inner faces of the jaws may be straight, concave or otherwise shaped. In Fig. 5 as illustrated the jaw C is shown with a concave face 38 serrated or roughened for the purpose of turning a pipe. The handle levers may if desired be formed with wire cutting means such as the groove 34 and notch 35 formed in the head 5 of the stationary jaw member for the purpose of receiving wire to be cut, the work end of the lever B being adapted to move across the passage so formed for the purpose of shearing off the wire. The outer extremities of the handle levers 3 and a may also be used as an implement such as a screw driver, the end 86 on member 3 being so formed.

In accordance with the patent statutes I have described the principles of operation of my invention together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof but I desire to have it understood that the construct-ion shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means and applied to uses other than those above set forth within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. In a wrench of the class set forth, a pair of handle levers fulcrumed together, one of said levers having a stationary jaw and a guide way disposed at substantially right angles to the face of said jaw and the guiding faces of said guideway being formed with a toothed rack, a second jaw having a lug engaged in said guideway and said movable jaw being tiltingly mounted in said guide way and adapted when tilted with its working face inclined forward to disengage from said rack teeth and to slide freely in said guide away from said stationary jaw, said lug having a transverse groove across its lower face, and said second lever having its work end extending into said groove whereby movement of said second lever in one direction will adjust said movable jaw to an object to be turned or held and reversal of movement of said second lever first tilts said movable jaw out of engagement with said rack teeth and then slides said movable jaw back.

2. A wrenchof the class set forth, com prising, in combination, a fixed jaw having a lever handle and a guideway, a movable jaw relatively adjustable to said fixed jaw and having a lug adapted to slide in said guideway, said movable jaw being freely mounted to tilt in said guideway toward said fixed jaw so as to lock automatically when said jaws are closed upon an object, and a second handle lever fulcrumed to said first lever and having its work 'end movable in the path of said movable jaw and adapted to move the latter with its lug in said guideway, whereby the movable jaw may be moved into and released from locking position.

3. A wrench of the class set forth, comprising in combination, a fixed jaw having a handle lever and a toothed guide rack, a movable aw relatively adjustable upon said rack to said fixed jaw and having a toothed shoulder adapted to engage the teeth of said rack to lock said movable jaw in adjusted position and adapted to be lifted out of engagement with the teeth of said rack, and a second lever handle pivoted to said first lever and having its work end movable in the path of said movable jaw and adapted to move said movable jaw on said rack and by reversal of movement to lift said movable jaw with the teeth on said shoulder out of engagement with the teeth of said rack.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN DANIELS.

Witnesses:

H. L. FISCHER, F. G. BRADBURY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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