TWI840184B - Permeable grass-covered underground water storage structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A permeable grass-planted pavement underground water storage structure is provided with a frame pavement material for concrete mortar pouring and coating to form a floor pavement. The frame pavement material is mainly provided with a plurality of raised boxes, which have an open bottom and a closed top, and a breakthrough structure is provided on the top; a water splashing structure is buried under the frame pavement material and is composed of a plurality of porous hollow units. Thus, when the floor pavement is constructed, the top of the box of the frame pavement material can be broken to form a permeable grass-planted pavement with a plurality of grass-planting holes, and the ground rainwater can be drained through the grass-planting holes to the water splashing structure for storage for subsequent use.

Description

Permeable grass-covered underground water storage structure

The present invention relates to a permeable grass pavement underground water storage structure, in particular, a structure that can not only construct a disaster-proof permeable grass pavement with the function of quickly draining rainwater, but also effectively store the drained rainwater in an underground water-filled structure for recycling and reuse.

Since ancient times, soil has the function of collecting and retaining water. However, due to the continuous development and expansion of cities, the large-scale construction of various artificial facilities has led to the continuous increase of impermeable pavements, causing the catchment area to gradually lose its original water retention capacity and resulting in a significant increase in surface runoff. Coupled with the impact of global climate change, all urban areas are facing greater flood control pressure.

Therefore, in order to reduce the environmental load and the negative impacts it causes, many cities have proposed corresponding adaptation measures and sustainable development policies in recent years, such as promoting the sponge city policy, which is a new urban model that builds flood control and ecological environmental protection functions in the city. For example, permeable pavement is built to replace non-permeable pavement, absorbing, storing, infiltrating and purifying water when it rains, and releasing and utilizing the stored water when needed.

In view of this, the inventor of this case actively researched, designed and assembled the above-mentioned needs, and after careful evaluation, finally obtained this invention which is truly innovative and practical.

The main purpose of this invention is to provide a permeable grass-covered underground water storage structure that can quickly drain rainwater from the surface to the ground, while storing and retaining it. It can not only reduce the chance of surface floods, but also replenish groundwater for subsequent use, thereby achieving the effect of fully storing water and recycling rainwater resources for reuse.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention discloses a water-permeable grass-planted pavement underground water storage structure, which mainly includes a frame plate pavement material and a water splashing structure, wherein the frame plate pavement material is arranged above the graded layer of the area where the water-permeable grass-planted pavement is to be constructed, and can be poured with concrete mortar to form a floor pavement, and the frame plate pavement material is mainly provided with a plurality of raised box bodies on the plate body, and the box bodies are hollow, and have an open bottom and a closed top, and each top is provided with a breakthrough structure; the water splashing structure is composed of a plurality of porous hollow units, and the outside can be opened and closed according to different ground conditions. The non-woven fabric is selectively covered or not covered in the soil area, and buried under the aforementioned frame paving materials in a partially arranged manner; in this way, when the concrete mortar is poured to cover the frame paving materials and solidifies to form a floor paving surface, the breakthrough structure on the top of the box body can be broken to form a permeable grass paving surface with a plurality of grass planting holes. The grass planting holes can be filled with soil for planting or filled with sand, gravel and ground materials, so that the ground rainwater can be quickly drained to the ground, which can not only effectively prevent the chance of flooding on the surface, but also replenish groundwater resources. At the same time, it can also form a water storage space in the water-filled structure to store and recycle rainwater for subsequent reuse.

Other features and specific embodiments of the present invention can be further understood in the following detailed description with accompanying drawings.

A: Permeable pavement

B:Soil layer

C: Grading layer

10: Frame board paving materials

11: Board

12: Box body

121: Bottom

122: Top

123: Breakthrough Structure

13: Concrete feeding trough

14: Grass planting hole

20: Water splashing structure

20a: Hollow cell

21: Bricks

211:Through hole

212: Injection flow pipe

213: Support column

214: Bump

215: Groove

216: snap-fit groove

217: Clamping element

218: Tenon

219: Mortise and tenon

22: Side panels

221:Through hole

30: Non-woven fabric

31: Steel bars

40: Concrete mortar

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the partial structural section of the frame board paving material of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the decomposition of the water splash structure of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional appearance of the present invention after being combined.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in which concrete mortar is poured into the beam column to form an integrated underground water storage space.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention of pouring concrete on the frame paving material to form a floor paving surface.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the present invention showing the frame board paving material seal being punctured and removed after the paving surface is formed.

Figure 7A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of part X in Figure 7 of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the underground water storage structure formed by the present invention with permeable grass paving.

Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of the underground water storage structure with permeable grass paving of the present invention.

Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, the underground water storage structure of the permeable grass pavement of the present invention mainly includes a frame paving material 10 that can be poured with concrete mortar to form a floor pavement, and a water splashing structure 20.

The frame paving material 10 can be made of plastic, lightweight concrete, high-strength concrete (GRC), recycled plastic materials (such as PVC, ABS, PP) or recycled paper materials, and mainly has a plurality of raised boxes 12 on a plate body 11. Each box body 12 is hollow and has an open bottom 121 and a closed top 122. An easily implemented breakthrough structure 123 is provided on the top 122. The breakthrough structure refers to the state that the closed top 122 can be easily processed into an open state (as shown in Figure 7) by simple manual tools. The so-called top 122 shape includes making the top plate body thinner and easy to break during secondary processing. In another feasible embodiment, the breakthrough structure 123 on the top 122 plate of the box body 12 is set as a circular groove (as shown in Figure 7A), wherein the groove of the breakthrough structure 123 is shown as being set on the top surface of the closed top 122 plate. If the circular groove is set on the bottom surface of the closed top 122 plate, that is, the junction position of the top end of the inner wall of the box body 12, the same effect can be obtained.

The inner wall of the box body 12 is designed to have an inclination to facilitate demoulding during manufacturing, and it is also easier to stack the materials for storage to reduce the volume. A concrete feed trough 13 is also provided on the plate body 11 of the frame plate paving material 10, so that the concrete can flow down to the crushed stone grading layer below. When the concrete solidifies, it becomes a structure similar to a ground anchor, which has a grip effect, making the pavement foundation less likely to slide, achieving a more stable connection effect of the ground surface foundation anchors.

The water-filled structure 20 is composed of at least one porous hollow unit 20a or a plurality of units assembled together, and is coated with a layer of non-woven fabric 30 on the outside to prevent mud and sand from flowing into the water-filled structure 20. In addition, if in different geological areas, the water-filled structure 20 may be directly buried underground at a predetermined location without being coated with non-woven fabric 30.

In addition, in the preferred embodiment shown in the figure, the hollow unit 20a is formed by combining a pair of upper and lower symmetrical bricks 21 and a side plate 22 having a plurality of through holes 221. The brick 21 is provided with an upper plate at the top, and a groove is provided on the upper plate. A concrete mortar pouring flow pipe 212 (see FIG. 3 ) is provided in the groove. In this embodiment, two grooves are provided, and a better arrangement is to provide the grooves in a cross shape, and the grooves are provided at the center of the upper plate of the brick 21 at the staggered position, and the concrete mortar pouring flow pipe 212 is provided at the staggered position and extends downward. A plurality of through holes 211 are provided on the upper plate of the top of the brick 21, so that water can penetrate into the upper plate at the through holes 211. A plurality of supporting columns 213 are formed by protruding from the other side of the upper plate. Corresponding protrusions 214 and grooves 215 are provided at the ends of each supporting column 213, so that the upper and lower bricks 21 can be fixed to each other when they are combined, and can also provide support for the hollow unit 20a. In addition, a plurality of engaging grooves 214 are provided around the upper plate of the brick 21. 6, the clamping element 217 (see FIG. 6) can be inserted to firmly connect two adjacent hollow units 20a together. The four sides of the upper plate of the brick 21 are also provided with convex tenons 218 and mortise grooves 219 that can be relatively engaged. The two adjacent bricks can be mortised and connected together by using the convex tenons 218 and mortise grooves 219, and the outer sides of the outermost hollow units 20a are overlapped and sealed by the side panels 22 to form the water splash structure 20.

Please refer to Figure 5 again. The water-filled structure 20 used in the present invention has a groove on the upper plate of the brick 21. Steel bars 31 can be added in the groove, and then concrete mortar 40 is poured on the top of the brick 21 and smoothed. At the same time, the concrete mortar is poured into the flow material pipe 212, so that the concrete in the water-filled structure solidifies to form a strong beam and column structure, which has a high load-bearing support effect.

Please refer to Figures 6 to 9. In practice, the water-filled structure 20 can be a general water-filled structure or a water-filled structure with a groove on the top as shown in the diagram of this embodiment. First, the ground is prepared on the floor where the permeable grass surface A is to be constructed. According to the overall sponge city planning blueprint, the water-filled structure 20 can be covered with a non-woven fabric 30 or not, and directly placed at the predetermined position. It is distributed in the underground soil layer B, and then a graded layer C is laid on the construction area where the pavement is to be constructed. The graded layer C can use the existing earthwork or general road engineering graded materials, including sand, gravel, soil, etc., and then the grouting operation is performed to pour the concrete mortar on the frame paving material 10, and compact and smooth it while being flush with the top edge of the box body 12.

In addition, during the grouting operation, plastic bars or steel bars can be placed between the boxes 12 of the frame paving material 10 to obtain higher solidity and toughness after grouting. The method of using concrete mortar to grout the frame paving material 10 of the present invention can also replace the concrete mortar with permeable concrete or crushed stone mortar or asphalt, permeable asphalt.

After the concrete slurry solidifies, a simple tool can be used to directly break the breakthrough structure on the top 122 of the box body 12 to form a permeable grass-planting surface A with a plurality of grass-planting holes 14.

Thus, the grass-planting hole 14 can be filled with permeable materials such as sand and gravel, ground materials, or filled with cultivation soil for planting flowers and plants (as shown in Figure 9), so as to achieve the effect of planting grass and greening. When heavy rain falls on the surface instantly, the grass-planting hole 14 can be used to quickly drain the rainwater on the ground to the ground, and through the water storage space formed inside the water-filled structure 20, a large amount of water can be quickly and abundantly stored, thereby achieving the probability of flood prevention in the area in a relatively short time. After the rainwater on the ground surface no longer seeps, it will slowly seep into the underground soil layer B after a certain period of time to replenish the groundwater resources, so that the ground can be effectively and quickly drained in a short time and the function of replenishing groundwater can be obtained.

If the temperature on the ground is high and hot, the underground contains a high water content. In addition to allowing the underground moisture to maintain the soil moisture in the grass planting hole 14, it can also improve the moisture retention of the graded layer C, making the graded layer C an ecological graded layer, which can provide a high-quality living environment for soil microorganisms and protozoa in the soil. Therefore, soil microorganisms can be used to decompose organic matter, promote nitrification, denitrify, improve soil quality, and other benefits to facilitate plant growth. At the same time, it can also be converted into water vapor and released to the outside to exchange heat in the environment, avoid the occurrence of the heat island effect, or mitigate the heat island effect. At the same time, the water splashing structure 20 can also recycle the rainwater stored inside through the connection of pipes for other subsequent uses, such as combining with a sprinkler system for road cooling or plant planting, etc.

From the above, it can be seen that the permeable grass-covered underground water storage structure of the present invention has the following practical advantages:

1. It can reduce surface runoff and reduce the chance of floods. It can also replenish groundwater resources, not only to achieve the purpose of water conservation in the base, but also to release water vapor to exchange heat with the surface temperature, thereby regulating the overall temperature and humidity in the environment, effectively reducing the heat island effect, or avoiding the occurrence of the heat island effect, and creating a more efficient sponge city ecological environment.

2. It can effectively improve the structure and practicality of the grass and tree planting surface, maintain the soil moisture in the grass planting hole, and activate the organic matter in the soil, which is beneficial to the growth of plants.

3. It can provide a large underground rainwater storage space for subsequent use, so as to achieve the effect of sufficient water storage and recycling rainwater resources for reuse.

4. A water-filled structure composed of a type of bricks can be used. It not only has a high void ratio and high support, but also has multiple characteristics such as light texture, small volume and high reusability. It can make construction more convenient and faster, reduce construction period, reduce costs, and also has environmental protection effects.

5. Using a frame paving material and an anchor structure to form a permeable grass paving surface can not only reduce maintenance and enhance strength and durability, but also prevent floods and droughts, increase the greening area, prevent the heat island effect, reduce electricity consumption, and provide unlimited circulating water, reducing irrigation water expenses.

In summary, this invention uses a frame paving material that can construct a permeable grass-planted pavement and a water-sprinkling structure design to construct a sponge urban road pavement with high quality, low cost, and both disaster prevention and underground water storage functions. It has industrial value, and a patent application is filed in accordance with the law.

However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention; therefore, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the invention specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention patent.

10: Frame board paving materials

11: Board

12: Box body

122: Top

123: Breakthrough Structure

13: Concrete feeding trough

20a: Hollow cell

21: Bricks

211:Through hole

22: Side panels

221:Through hole

30: Non-woven fabric

31: Steel bars

Claims (5)

A permeable grass-covered underground water storage structure, including: A frame board pavement material, on which a plurality of raised boxes are mainly arranged, and the box is hollow, having an open bottom and a closed top, and a breakthrough structure is arranged at the top; A water splash structure is buried under the above-mentioned frame paving material and is composed of a plurality of porous hollow units; Thus, when the concrete mortar is poured and coated with the frame paving material and solidifies to form the floor paving, the top of the box body is broken to construct a permeable grass paving surface with a large number of grass planting holes. For example, the underground water storage structure of the permeable grass-planted pavement described in Item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the frame paving material is provided with a concrete feeding trough on the plate body, so that the concrete can flow down to the lower level gradation, and when the concrete solidifies, it becomes a structure similar to a ground anchor. As described in item 1 of the patent application scope, the underground water storage structure with permeable grass paving, wherein the breakthrough structure provided on the top of the closed box is a circular groove. As described in item 1 of the patent application scope, the underground water storage structure with permeable grass paving, in which the outside of the water-filled structure is covered with or not covered with non-woven fabric in different geological areas. As described in item 1 of the patent application, the water-permeable grass-planted underground water storage structure, wherein the hollow unit of the water-filled structure is formed by combining a pair of upper and lower bricks, the bricks are provided with an upper plate at the top, a groove is provided on the upper plate, a concrete mortar pouring flow pipe is provided in the groove, a plurality of through holes are provided on the upper plate at the top of the bricks, and the upper plate protrudes from the other side to form a plurality of supporting columns, The ends of each supporting column are provided with corresponding protrusions and grooves, which can be used for the upper and lower bricks to be fixed together. There are multiple interlocking grooves around the upper plate of the bricks, which can be used for the clipping components to be inserted. The upper plate of the bricks is provided with relatively interlocking convex tenons and tenon grooves around the four sides. The outer sides of the outermost hollow units are then overlapped and sealed by the side panels to form the water splash structure.

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