TWI838047B - 光電二極體結構 - Google Patents

光電二極體結構 Download PDF

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TWI838047B
TWI838047B TW111150241A TW111150241A TWI838047B TW I838047 B TWI838047 B TW I838047B TW 111150241 A TW111150241 A TW 111150241A TW 111150241 A TW111150241 A TW 111150241A TW I838047 B TWI838047 B TW I838047B
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reflection layer
electrode
photodiode
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林駿杰
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台亞半導體股份有限公司
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Priority to CN202310785678.4A priority patent/CN118263353A/zh
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Abstract

本發明提供一種光電二極體結構,包括第一電極、半導體結構、第一抗反射層、第二抗反射層、第二電極及阻隔結構。半導體結構位於第一電極上;第一抗反射層位於半導體結構上;第二抗反射層位於第一抗反射層上;第二電極位於第二抗反射層上並貫穿第一抗反射層及第二抗反射層,以電性連接半導體結構;阻隔結構設置於第一抗反射層及第二電極之間,以防止第一抗反射層直接接觸第二電極。

Description

光電二極體結構
本發明係關於一種光電二極體,尤指一種可降低射頻干擾之光電二極體結構。
光電二極體用於接收外來光線,並輸出相應之類比電訊號或者執行電路中不同狀態之切換。目前光電二極體廣泛應用在有光學測量需求之產品上,例如許多智慧型穿戴裝置會使用光電二極體來執行相應脈博或/及血氧量測等功能。
然而,前述智慧型穿戴裝置在執行通訊功能時,常會發射射頻(radio frequency,簡稱RF)訊號。這些射頻訊號在傳輸過程中容易藉由習知光電二極體之電極進入結構內部,造成偏移電壓之產生。舉例來說,如圖1所示,習知光電二極體結構300主要是在半導體結構310上依序形成第一抗反射層320及第二抗反射層330,並針對第一抗反射層320及第二抗反射層330經蝕刻製程產生外露半導體結構310之部位後,於該部位經由金屬化製程形成電極340。而針對如圖1所示之習知光電二極體結構300進行射頻干擾測試(射頻頻率約為800MHz),其結果如圖2所示,可發現由於第一抗反射層320與電極340直接接觸,當射頻方均根電壓RF Vrms逐漸增加至1V左右時,射頻干擾RFI開始明顯降 低而產生電壓偏移。由此可知,習知光電二極體結構300會受到射頻干擾之影響而降低感測準確度或效能。
因此,如何設計出能改善前述問題之光電二極體結構以降低射頻干擾,實為一個值得研究之課題。
本發明之目的在於提供一種可提升發光亮度之光電二極體結構。
為達上述目的,本發明之光電二極體結構包括第一電極、半導體結構、第一抗反射層、第二抗反射層、第二電極及阻隔結構。半導體結構位於第一電極上;第一抗反射層位於半導體結構上;第二抗反射層位於第一抗反射層上;第二電極位於第二抗反射層上並貫穿第一抗反射層及第二抗反射層,以電性連接半導體結構;阻隔結構設置於第一抗反射層及第二電極之間,以防止第一抗反射層直接接觸第二電極。
在本發明之一實施例中,第一抗反射層形成第一鏤空部以使半導體結構之一部分外露,且阻隔結構位於第一鏤空部內。
在本發明之一實施例中,第二抗反射層形成第二鏤空部,且第二鏤空部之位置對應第一鏤空部之位置。
在本發明之一實施例中,阻隔結構形成穿孔部以使半導體結構之一部分外露,且穿孔部之徑向長度不大於第二鏤空部之徑向長度。
在本發明之一實施例中,阻隔結構與第二抗反射層係以相同材料製成。
在本發明之一實施例中,阻隔結構連接第二抗反射層。
在本發明之一實施例中,第一抗反射層係以氮化矽所製成。
在本發明之一實施例中,第一抗反射層之厚度介於10nm至50nm之間。
在本發明之一實施例中,第二抗反射層係以五氧化二鈮及二氧化矽所製成。
在本發明之一實施例中,第二抗反射層之厚度介於100nm至150nm之間。
據此,本發明之光電二極體結構藉由阻隔結構之設置,能有效改善射頻干擾之問題,使得本發明之光電二極體結構應用於智慧型穿戴裝置時能不受射頻訊號影響,提高感測之準確度或效能。
1:光電二極體結構
10:第一電極
20:半導體結構
21:第一半導體層
22:第二半導體層
30:第一抗反射層
31:第一鏤空部
40:第二抗反射層
41:第二鏤空部
50:第二電極
60:阻隔結構
61:穿孔部
(習知技術)
300:光電二極體結構
310:半導體結構
320:第一抗反射層
330:第二抗反射層
340:電極
圖1為習知光電二極體結構之整體示意圖。
圖2為習知光電二極體結構之射頻干擾測試結果圖。
圖3為本發明之光電二極體結構之整體示意圖。
圖4A為本發明之光電二極體結構於形成第二電極前之局部示意圖。
圖4B為本發明之光電二極體結構於形成第二電極後之局部示意圖。
圖5為本發明之光電二極體結構之射頻干擾測試結果圖。
由於各種態樣與實施例僅為例示性且非限制性,故在閱讀本說明書後,具有通常知識者在不偏離本發明之範疇下,亦可能有其他態樣與實施例。根據下述之詳細說明與申請專利範圍,將可使該等實施例之特徵及優點更加彰顯。
於本文中,係使用「一」或「一個」來描述本文所述的元件和組件。此舉只是為了方便說明,並且對本發明之範疇提供一般性的意義。因此,除非很明顯地另指他意,否則此種描述應理解為包括一個或至少一個,且單數也同時包括複數。
於本文中,用語「第一」或「第二」等類似序數詞主要是用以區分或指涉相同或類似的元件或結構,且不必然隱含此等元件或結構在空間或時間上的順序。應了解的是,在某些情形或組態下,序數詞可以交換使用而不影響本創作之實施。
於本文中,用語「包括」、「具有」或其他任何類似用語意欲涵蓋非排他性之包括物。舉例而言,含有複數要件的元件或結構不僅限於本文所列出之此等要件而已,而是可以包括未明確列出但卻是該元件或結構通常固有之其他要件。
以下請一併參考圖3至圖4B,其中圖3為本發明之光電二極體結構之整體示意圖,圖4A為本發明之光電二極體結構於形成第二電極前之局部示意圖,圖4B為本發明之光電二極體結構於形成第二電極後之局部示意圖。如圖3至圖4B所示,本發明之光電二極體結構1包括第一電極10、半導體結構20、第一抗反射層30、第二抗反射層40、第二電極50及阻隔結構60。第一電極10設置於半 導體結構20一側之表面,且第一電極10是針對前述表面執行金屬化製程所形成。在本發明中,第一電極10為負極,但本發明不以此為限。
半導體結構20位於第一電極10上。半導體結構20為本發明之光電二極體結構1之基礎結構件。半導體結構20大致可分為第一半導體層21及第二半導體層22。第一半導體層21主要以N型半導體材料製成。第二半導體層22主要以P型半導體材料製成,使得第一半導體層21及第二半導體層22之間形成PN接面。其中半導體結構20之第一半導體層21連接第一電極10。
第一抗反射層30位於半導體結構20上,且第一抗反射層30可覆蓋半導體結構20之大部分表面。在本發明之一實施例中,第一抗反射層30係以氮化矽(SiNx)藉由低壓化學氣相沉積(Low-pressure chemical vapor deposition,簡稱LPCVD)製程所形成,且第一抗反射層30之厚度介於10nm至50nm之間,但前述第一抗反射層30之材料或/及厚度可隨著設計需求不同而改變。第一抗反射層30會形成第一鏤空部31,藉由第一鏤空部31使得半導體結構20之一部分外露。
第二抗反射層40位於第一抗反射層30上,且第二抗反射層40可覆蓋第一抗反射層30之大部分表面。在本發明之一實施例中,第二抗反射層40係以五氧化二鈮(Nb2O5)及二氧化矽(SiO2)材料藉由物理氣相沈積(physical vapor deposition,簡稱PVD)製程所形成,且第二抗反射層40之厚度介於100nm至150nm之間,但前述第二抗反射層40之材料或/及厚度可隨著設計需求不同而改變。第二抗反射層40會形成第二鏤空部41,且第二鏤空部41之位置對應第一鏤空部31之位置。在本發明中,第二鏤空部41大致位於第一鏤空部31之正上方,且第二鏤空部41之徑向長度不小於第一鏤空部之徑向長度。舉例來說,若第一鏤空部31及第二鏤空部41均為圓柱狀孔,則前述徑向長度則為相應之圓柱狀孔之直徑。
第二電極50位於第二抗反射層40上,且第二電極50貫穿第一抗反射層30及第二抗反射層40,以電性連接半導體結構20。進一步來說,第二電極50是沿著垂直第一抗反射層30之表面及第二抗反射層40之表面之方向,依序穿過第二抗反射層40之第二鏤空部41及第一抗反射層30之第一鏤空部31,進而接觸外露於第一鏤空部31之半導體結構20,使得第二電極50與半導體結構20可形成歐姆接觸。在本發明中,第二電極50為正極,但本發明不以此為限。
阻隔結構60設置於第一抗反射層30及第二電極50之間,以防止第一抗反射層30直接接觸第二電極50。進一步來說,阻隔結構60位於第一抗反射層30之第一鏤空部31內,且阻隔結構60之厚度與第一抗反射層30之厚度相同。在本發明中,阻隔結構60形成穿孔部61,以使原本外露於第一鏤空部31之半導體結構20之一部分仍然可藉由穿孔部61而部分外露。在結構設計上,阻隔結構60之穿孔部61之徑向長度不大於第二抗反射層40之第二鏤空部41之徑向長度。舉例來說,若穿孔部61為圓柱狀孔,則前述徑向長度則為相應之圓柱狀孔之直徑。
在本發明之一實施例中,阻隔結構60與第二抗反射層40係以相同材料製成。舉例來說,在第一抗反射層30塗佈於半導體結構20之表面上且形成第一鏤空部31後,可藉由PVD塗佈製程以相同材料同時形成第二抗反射層40與阻隔結構60,再利用微影蝕刻製程形成阻隔結構60之穿孔部61與第二抗反射層40之第二鏤空部41。此外,在本發明之一實施例中,藉由相同之PVD塗佈製程,使得阻隔結構60可連接第二抗反射層40。
請一併參考圖1及圖2。如圖1及圖2所示,就習知光電二極體結構300而言,第一抗反射層320會直接接觸電極340,因此不存在類似本發明之阻隔 結構之設計。基於射頻干擾測試之測試結果(射頻頻率約為800MHz),可發現當射頻方均根電壓RF Vrms逐漸增加至1V左右時,射頻干擾RFI開始明顯降低而產生電壓偏移。因此,隨著射頻訊號增強,習知光電二極體結構300容易受到射頻干擾影響。
請一併參考圖3及圖5,其中圖5為本發明之光電二極體結構之射頻干擾測試結果圖。如圖3及圖5所示,就本發明之光電二極體結構1而言,第一抗反射層30會藉由阻隔結構60避免與第二電極50直接接觸。基於同樣條件下之前述射頻干擾測試之測試結果(射頻頻率約為800MHz),可發現即使射頻方均根電壓RF Vrms逐漸增加至1.3V左右,射頻干擾RFI仍然保持穩定,並未出現電壓偏移現象。因此,本發明之光電二極體結構1並不容易受到射頻干擾影響,相較於習知光電二極體結構更具有利功效。
以上實施方式本質上僅為輔助說明,且並不欲用以限制申請標的之實施例或該等實施例的應用或用途。此外,儘管已於前述實施方式中提出至少一例示性實施例,但應瞭解本發明仍可存在大量的變化。同樣應瞭解的是,本文所述之實施例並不欲用以透過任何方式限制所請求之申請標的之範圍、用途或組態。相反的,前述實施方式將可提供本領域具有通常知識者一種簡便的指引以實施所述之一或多種實施例。再者,可對元件之功能與排列進行各種變化而不脫離申請專利範圍所界定的範疇,且申請專利範圍包含已知的均等物及在本專利申請案提出申請時的所有可預見均等物。
1:光電二極體結構
10:第一電極
20:半導體結構
21:第一半導體層
22:第二半導體層
30:第一抗反射層
40:第二抗反射層
50:第二電極
60:阻隔結構

Claims (10)

  1. 一種光電二極體結構,包括: 一第一電極; 一半導體結構,位於該第一電極上; 一第一抗反射層,位於該半導體結構上; 一第二抗反射層,位於該第一抗反射層上; 一第二電極,位於該第二抗反射層上並貫穿該第一抗反射層及該第二抗反射層以電性連接該半導體結構;以及 一阻隔結構,設置於該第一抗反射層及該第二電極之間,以防止該第一抗反射層直接接觸該第二電極。
  2. 如請求項1所述之光電二極體結構,其中該第一抗反射層形成一第一鏤空部以使該半導體結構之一部分外露,且該阻隔結構位於該第一鏤空部內。
  3. 如請求項2所述之光電二極體結構,其中該第二抗反射層形成一第二鏤空部,且該第二鏤空部之位置對應該第一鏤空部之位置。
  4. 如請求項3所述之光電二極體結構,其中該阻隔結構形成一穿孔部以使該半導體結構之一部分外露,且該穿孔部之徑向長度不大於該第二鏤空部之徑向長度。
  5. 如請求項1所述之光電二極體結構,其中該阻隔結構與該第二抗反射層係以相同材料製成。
  6. 如請求項5所述之光電二極體結構,其中該阻隔結構連接該第二抗反射層。
  7. 如請求項1所述之光電二極體結構,其中該第一抗反射層係以氮化矽所製成。
  8. 如請求項1所述之光電二極體結構,其中該第一抗反射層之厚度介於10nm至50nm之間。
  9. 如請求項1所述之光電二極體結構,其中該第二抗反射層係以五氧化二鈮及二氧化矽所製成。
  10. 如請求項1所述之光電二極體結構,其中該第二抗反射層之厚度介於100nm至150nm之間。
TW111150241A 2022-12-27 2022-12-27 光電二極體結構 TWI838047B (zh)

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JP2023202583A JP2024094260A (ja) 2022-12-27 2023-11-30 フォトダイオードの構造
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6518638B1 (en) * 1999-07-15 2003-02-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Photodiode
US20070194357A1 (en) * 2004-04-05 2007-08-23 Keishi Oohashi Photodiode and method for fabricating same
US20130203206A1 (en) * 2010-09-30 2013-08-08 Kyocera Corporation Conductive paste for use in photovoltaic cell and method of producing photovoltaic cell element using the same
US20180329084A1 (en) * 2017-05-09 2018-11-15 Ka Imaging Inc. Apparatus for radiation detection in a digital imaging system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6518638B1 (en) * 1999-07-15 2003-02-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Photodiode
US20070194357A1 (en) * 2004-04-05 2007-08-23 Keishi Oohashi Photodiode and method for fabricating same
US20130203206A1 (en) * 2010-09-30 2013-08-08 Kyocera Corporation Conductive paste for use in photovoltaic cell and method of producing photovoltaic cell element using the same
US20180329084A1 (en) * 2017-05-09 2018-11-15 Ka Imaging Inc. Apparatus for radiation detection in a digital imaging system

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