TWI836017B - 軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物及軟質聚胺酯發泡體 - Google Patents
軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物及軟質聚胺酯發泡體 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI836017B TWI836017B TW109105837A TW109105837A TWI836017B TW I836017 B TWI836017 B TW I836017B TW 109105837 A TW109105837 A TW 109105837A TW 109105837 A TW109105837 A TW 109105837A TW I836017 B TWI836017 B TW I836017B
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- Prior art keywords
- polyol
- weight
- polyurethane foam
- polyol composition
- soft polyurethane
- Prior art date
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- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 267
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 225
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- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 32
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- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 oxyethylene vinyl units Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 28
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 3
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Abstract
本發明之目的在於:提供一種可製造出於室溫表現出優異之低回彈性,且透氣性良好之軟質聚胺酯發泡體之多元醇組成物。
本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C)係含有聚酯多元醇(A)及聚醚多元醇(B)而成,且係滿足下述(1)~(4)而成:
(1)上述多元醇組成物(C)中之酯基濃度基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量為0.4~4.0 mmol/g;
(2)上述多元醇組成物(C)中之氧乙烯基單位之含量基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量為15~40重量%;
(3)上述聚酯多元醇(A)含有聚酯多元醇(A1),該聚酯多元醇(A1)係使包含含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸或其酸酐之原料進行聚合而成,且每1分子具有2~4個羥基;
(4)上述聚醚多元醇(B)含有具有氧乙烯基之聚醚多元醇(B1)。
Description
本發明係關於一種軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物及使用其之軟質聚胺酯發泡體。詳細而言,係關於一種低回彈性與透氣性優異之軟質聚胺酯發泡體與適用於其之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物。
軟質聚胺酯發泡體廣泛地用於傢俱或寢具用床墊、汽車用座墊、衣料用途等。尤其是對於寢具用之枕頭或床墊而言,較佳為透氣性較高且低回彈性者。
作為軟質聚胺酯發泡體,已知有一種軟質聚胺酯發泡體,其係使用含有聚酯三醇之多元醇組成物,於有機聚異氰酸酯、發泡劑、觸媒、及泡沫穩定劑之存在下進行反應而獲得(例如專利文獻1)。
但專利文獻1中所記載之聚胺酯發泡體用之多元醇組成物具有雖於室溫表現出優異之低回彈性,但透氣性並不充分之課題。
先前技術文獻
專利文獻
專利文獻1:日本特開2014-185335號公報
[發明所欲解決之課題]
本發明之目的在於:提供一種可製造出於室溫表現出優異之低回彈性,且透氣性良好之軟質聚胺酯發泡體之多元醇組成物。
[解決課題之技術手段]
本發明者為了達成上述目的而進行了研究,結果完成本發明。
即,本發明係一種軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C),其係含有聚酯多元醇(A)及聚醚多元醇(B)而成,且係滿足下述(1)~(4)而成;及係一種軟質聚胺酯發泡體,其由含有該軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C)、有機聚異氰酸酯(D)、發泡劑(E)、觸媒(F)及泡沫穩定劑(G)之混合物之反應物構成,
(1)上述多元醇組成物(C)中之酯基濃度基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量為0.4~4.0 mmol/g;
(2)上述多元醇組成物(C)中之氧乙烯基單位之含量基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量為15~40重量%;
(3)上述聚酯多元醇(A)含有聚酯多元醇(A1),該聚酯多元醇(A1)係使包含含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸或其酸酐之原料進行聚合而成,且每1分子具有2~4個之羥基;
(4)上述聚醚多元醇(B)含有具有氧乙烯基之聚醚多元醇(B1)。
[發明之效果]
藉由使用本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物,可製造出兼具優異之低回彈性與透氣性之軟質聚胺酯發泡體。
本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C)係含有聚酯多元醇(A)及聚醚多元醇(B)而成,且滿足下述(1)~(4):
(1)酯基濃度基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量為0.4~4.0 mmol/g;
(2)氧乙烯基單位之含量基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量為15~40重量%;
(3)聚酯多元醇(A)含有聚酯多元醇(A1),該聚酯多元醇(A1)係使包含含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸或其酸酐之原料進行聚合而成,且每1分子具有2~4個之羥基;
(4)聚醚多元醇(B)含有具有氧乙烯基之聚醚多元醇(B1)。
作為聚酯多元醇(A),可列舉:聚酯多元醇(A1),其係使包含含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸或其酸酐之原料進行聚合而成,且每1分子具有2~4個之羥基;及除聚酯多元醇(A1)以外之聚酯多元醇(A2),聚酯多元醇(A1)為必須成分。
所謂使包含含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸或其酸酐之原料聚合而成,且每1分子具有2~4個羥基之聚酯多元醇(A1),係指使包含含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸或其酸酐之原料進行聚合而成之反應產物,且每1分子具有2~4個羥基之聚酯多元醇。若聚酯多元醇(A1)每1分子之羥基未達2個,則於發泡時發泡體崩解,若超過4個則發泡體收縮,因此無法製造出品質良好之軟質聚胺酯發泡體。
作為聚酯多元醇(A1),可列舉:含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸或其酸酐之縮合反應產物[包括含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸之低級烷基酯之酯交換反應產物](A11);對向含多元羥基之化合物(a)加成環氧烷(alkylene oxide)(以下,簡稱為AO)而成之聚醚多元醇進而加成羧酸或其酸酐而成的含酯基之反應產物(A12);及向該等(A11)~(A12)進而加成AO而成之反應物(A13)等。
聚酯多元醇(A1)可單獨地使用1種,亦可併用複數種。
作為含多元羥基之化合物(a),可列舉:多元醇(a1)及多元醇(a1)以外之含多元羥基之化合物(a2)。
作為多元醇(a1),可列舉:碳數2~20之二元醇、碳數3~20之三元醇及碳數4~20之4~8元醇等。
作為碳數2~20之二元醇,可列舉:脂肪族二醇(乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-或1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇及新戊二醇等)及脂環式二醇(環己二醇及環己烷二甲醇等)等。
作為碳數3~20之三元醇,可列舉:脂肪族三醇(甘油及三羥甲基丙烷等)等。
作為碳數4~20之4~8元之多元醇,可列舉:脂肪族多元醇(新戊四醇、山梨醇、甘露醇、山梨醇酐、二甘油及二新戊四醇等)及糖類(蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖、果糖、甲基葡萄糖苷及其衍生物等)等。
作為多元醇(a1)以外之含多元羥基之化合物(a2),可列舉:多酚(對苯二酚、雙酚A、雙酚F、雙酚S、1,3,6,8-四羥基萘、蒽酚(anthrol)、1,4,5,8-四羥基蒽及1-羥基芘等)、聚丁二烯多元醇、蓖麻油系多元醇、含羥基之單體之聚合物[羥基數為2~100之(甲基)丙烯酸羥基烷基酯之(共)聚合物及聚乙烯醇等]、苯酚與甲醛之縮合物(酚醛等)及美國專利3265641號說明書中所記載之聚苯酚等。
再者,所謂(甲基)丙烯酸酯,意指甲基丙烯酸酯及/或丙烯酸酯,以下相同。
作為含多元羥基之化合物(a),較佳為多元醇(a1),進而較佳為丙二醇及甘油,尤佳為甘油。
作為多羧酸及其酸酐,可列舉:脂肪族多羧酸、芳香族多羧酸及於該等分子內進行脫水縮合而生成之環狀酸酐。
作為脂肪族多羧酸,可列舉:琥珀酸、延胡索酸、癸二酸及己二酸等。
作為芳香族多羧酸,可列舉:鄰苯二甲酸、間苯二甲酸、對苯二甲酸、2,2'-雙苄基二羧酸、1,2,4-苯三甲酸、1,2,3-苯三甲酸、1,3,5-苯三甲酸、焦蜜石酸、萘-1,4-二羧酸、萘-2,3,6-三羧酸、聯苯二甲酸、2,3-蒽二羧酸、2,3,6-蒽三羧酸及芘二羧酸等碳數8~18之芳香族多羧酸。
作為多羧酸及其酸酐,就耐水解性之觀點而言,較佳為芳香族二羧酸及其酸酐,進而較佳為鄰苯二甲酸酐。
作為多羧酸之低級烷基酯,可列舉:脂肪族多羧酸或芳香族多羧酸與碳數1~4之脂肪族醇之酯等。
作為多羧酸之低級烷基酯中之碳數1~4之脂肪族醇,可列舉:甲醇、乙醇、丙醇及丁醇,作為多羧酸之低級烷基酯之具體例,可列舉:鄰苯二甲酸二甲酯及對苯二甲酸二甲酯等。
作為聚酯多元醇(A1)之製造所使用之AO,可列舉碳數2~4之AO,例如:環氧乙烷(以下,簡稱為EO)、1,2-環氧丙烷(以下,簡稱為PO)、1,3-環氧丙烷、1,2-環氧丁烷及1,4-環氧丁烷,就反應性之觀點而言,較佳為EO及PO,進而較佳為PO。作為於使用2種以上AO之情形時之加成形式,可為嵌段加成,亦可為無規加成,亦可為其等之併用。
就聚酯多元醇(A1)之黏度之觀點而言,AO之加成莫耳數相對於含多元羥基之化合物(a)所具有之1個羥基,較佳為3~16莫耳。
該等聚酯多元醇(A1)之中,就發泡體硬度之觀點而言,較佳為向3官能之聚醚多元醇加成芳香族二羧酸酐與PO而成之反應產物。
作為聚酯多元醇(A1)以外之聚酯多元醇(A2),可列舉:聚內酯多元醇(A21)[例如,藉由將上述多元醇(a1)作為起始劑使內酯(ε-己內酯等)進行開環聚合而獲得者]、聚碳酸酯多元醇(A22)[例如上述多元醇(a1)與碳酸伸烷酯之反應物]、及向該等(A21)~(A22)進而加成AO而成之反應物等。
聚酯多元醇(A2)可單獨地使用1種,亦可併用複數種。
作為聚酯多元醇(A1)以外之聚酯多元醇(A2)所使用之AO,可列舉與(A1)中所使用之AO相同者。
聚酯多元醇(A)之羥值就聚酯多元醇(A)之操作之觀點而言,較佳為25~150 mgKOH/g,進而較佳為40~100 mgKOH/g。
本說明書中所謂羥值,係指於使試樣1 g乙醯化之情形時,對與羥基鍵結之乙酸進行中和所需之氫氧化鉀之mg數,且利用「JIS K 1557-1 塑膠-聚胺酯(polyurethane)原料多元醇試驗方法-第1部:羥值之求出方法」中所記載之方法進行測定。
聚酯多元醇(A)之酯基濃度就聚酯多元醇(A)之操作之觀點而言,基於聚酯多元醇(A)之重量,較佳為0.5~10.0 mmol/g,進而較佳為0.5~7.0 mmol/g。
再者,聚酯多元醇(A)中之酯基濃度可藉由以下方法算出:藉由聚酯多元醇(A)之紅外線分光分析(IR)進行測定,使用源自酯基之峰值強度、及使用酯基濃度已知之樣品所製作之峰值強度與酯基濃度之校準曲線來算出酯基濃度。
多元醇組成物(C)中之聚酯多元醇(A1)之含量以多元醇組成物(C)之合計重量作為基準,較佳為7~65重量%。
作為聚醚多元醇(B),可列舉:具有氧乙烯基之聚醚多元醇(B1)及上述(B1)以外之聚醚多元醇(B2),聚醚多元醇(B1)為必須成分。
本發明中,聚醚多元醇(B)不包括具有酯基之化合物。
作為本發明之聚醚多元醇(B),可列舉:含活性氫基之化合物(b)之AO加成物,至少含有環氧乙烷作為AO之反應物為聚醚多元醇(B1),不含有環氧乙烷之反應物為聚醚多元醇(B2)。
作為含活性氫基之化合物(b),可列舉:多元醇(b1)、多元醇(b1)以外之含多元羥基之化合物(b2)、含胺基之化合物(b3)、含硫醇基之化合物(b4)及含磷酸基之化合物(b5)等。
再者,所謂活性氫,意指鍵結於氧原子、氮原子及硫原子等之氫原子,所謂含活性氫基之化合物,意指於分子內具有含活性氫之官能基(羥基、胺基、硫醇基及磷酸基等)之化合物。
聚醚多元醇(B)可單獨地使用1種,亦可併用複數種。
作為多元醇(b1),可列舉與上述多元醇(a1)相同者。
作為多元醇(b1)以外之含多元羥基之化合物(b2),可列舉與上述多元醇(a1)以外之含多元羥基之化合物(a2)相同者。
作為含胺基之化合物(b3),可列舉:氨、胺、多胺及胺醇等。具體而言,可列舉:氨、碳數1~20之烷基胺(丁胺等)、苯胺、脂肪族多胺(乙二胺、己二胺及二伸乙基三胺等)、雜環式多胺(哌及N-胺基乙基哌等)、脂環式多胺(二環己基甲烷二胺及異佛酮二胺等)、芳香族多胺(苯二胺、甲苯二胺及二苯甲烷二胺等)、烷醇胺(單乙醇胺、二乙醇胺及三乙醇胺等)、藉由二羧酸與過量之多胺之縮合所獲得之聚醯胺多胺、聚醚多胺、肼(肼及單烷基肼等)、二醯肼(琥珀酸二醯肼及對苯二甲酸二醯肼等)、胍(丁基胍及1-氰基胍等)及二氰二胺等。
作為含硫醇基之化合物(b4),可列舉:聚硫醇化合物。作為聚硫醇,可列舉2~8元之多元硫醇。具體而言,可列舉:乙二醇及1,6-己二醇等。
作為含磷酸基之化合物(b5),可列舉:磷酸、亞磷酸及膦酸等。
作為與含活性氫基之化合物(b)加成聚合之AO,可列舉碳數2~4之AO,例如EO、PO、1,3-環氧丙烷、1,2-環氧丁烷及1,4-環氧丁烷。
作為於使用2種以上AO之情形時之加成形式,可為嵌段加成,亦可為無規加成,亦可為其等之併用。
於作為必須成分之聚醚多元醇(B1)之情形時,就發泡體之透氣性之觀點而言,至少必須含有EO,較佳為含有EO及PO者。
於聚醚多元醇(B2)之情形時,較佳為含有PO者。
聚醚多元醇(B1)之AO之加成莫耳數就聚醚多元醇(B1)之黏度之觀點而言,相對於含多元羥基之化合物(b)所具有之1個羥基,較佳為15~70莫耳。聚醚多元醇(B1)之EO之加成莫耳數較佳為10~65莫耳。
聚醚多元醇(B2)之AO之加成莫耳數就聚醚多元醇(B2)之黏度之觀點而言,相對於含多元羥基之化合物(b)所具有之1個羥基,較佳為3~90莫耳。
聚醚多元醇(B)之羥值就回彈彈性模數之觀點而言,較佳為20~500 mgKOH/g,進而較佳為30~300 mgKOH/g。
作為聚醚多元醇(B),就發泡體硬度之觀點而言,較佳為含有2官能之聚醚多元醇或3官能之聚醚多元醇,就發泡體硬度及發泡體之回復時間之觀點而言,進而較佳為含有2官能之聚醚多元醇及3官能之聚醚多元醇。
多元醇組成物(C)中之聚醚多元醇(B1)之含量以多元醇組成物(C)之合計重量作為基準,較佳為20~55重量%。
本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C)亦可含有上述聚酯多元醇(A)及上述聚醚多元醇(B)以外之其他多元醇。
作為其他多元醇,可列舉:聚合物多元醇(P)等。
其他多元醇可單獨地使用1種,亦可併用複數種。
本發明中所使用之所謂聚合物多元醇(P),係指含有以乙烯性不飽和化合物作為構成單體之聚合物粒子(J)之聚合物多元醇。聚合物粒子(J)之體積平均粒徑就聚合物多元醇(P)之黏度之觀點而言,較佳為0.1~1.5 μm,進而較佳為0.3~1.1 μm,尤佳為0.4~0.9 μm。
作為構成聚合物粒子(J)之乙烯性不飽和化合物,可列舉:丙烯腈、苯乙烯及其他乙烯性不飽和化合物等。該等之中,就發泡體硬度之觀點而言,較佳為將苯乙烯及丙烯腈作為必須成分。作為乙烯性不飽和化合物,就聚合物粒子(J)之硬度及分散性之觀點而言,苯乙烯及丙烯腈之合計含量以構成聚合物粒子(J)之乙烯性不飽和化合物之重量作為基準,較佳為80~100重量%。
聚合物粒子(J)之含量以多元醇組成物(C)整體之重量作為基準,較佳為0~10重量%。
聚合物多元醇(P)係於多元醇中於自由基聚合起始劑之存在下使乙烯性不飽和化合物進行聚合而獲得。作為聚合物多元醇(P)之多元醇,例如可列舉:聚酯多元醇(A)、聚醚多元醇(B)等。就多元醇中之聚合物粒子(J)之均質、分散性之觀點而言,較佳為於聚醚多元醇(B)中使乙烯性不飽和化合物進行聚合。
於聚合物多元醇(P)之多元醇為聚酯多元醇(A)之情形時,聚合物多元醇(P)之多元醇之重量視作多元醇組成物(C)中之聚酯多元醇(A)。
於聚合物多元醇(P)之多元醇為聚醚多元醇(B)之情形時,聚合物多元醇(P)之多元醇之重量視作多元醇組成物(C)中之聚醚多元醇(B)。
聚合物多元醇(P)可單獨地使用1種,亦可併用複數種。
本發明中之多元醇組成物(C)可藉由將聚酯多元醇(A)、聚醚多元醇(B)及其他多元醇混合而容易地獲得。
混合時之混合方法可使用公知之混合裝置(附有攪拌裝置之容器等)。
於多元醇組成物(C)含有聚合物粒子之情形時,較佳為使用聚合物多元醇(P)所含有之聚合物粒子(J)作為聚合物粒子,將聚合物多元醇(P)與其他原料混合,而製造軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C)。
又,就保存穩定性等觀點而言,較佳為於混合時預先降低容器內部之氧濃度。
本發明中之多元醇組成物(C)中之酯基濃度基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量,為0.4~4.0 mmol/g,就多元醇組成物(C)之操作之觀點而言,較佳為0.4~2.0 mmol/g。若未達0.4 mmol/g,則聚胺酯發泡體之回彈性較高,若超過4.0 mmol/g,則聚胺酯發泡體之透氣性變差。
再者,多元醇組成物(C)中之酯基濃度可藉由以下方法算出:藉由多元醇組成物(C)之紅外線分光分析(IR)進行測定,使用源自酯基之峰值強度、及使用酯基濃度已知之樣品所製作之峰值強度與酯基濃度之校準曲線而算出酯基濃度。
多元醇組成物(C)中之氧乙烯基單位之含量就透氣性及反應性之觀點而言,基於多元醇組成物(C)之合計重量為15~40重量%,較佳為15~30重量%。若未達15重量%,則聚胺酯發泡體之透氣性變差,若超過40重量%,則聚胺酯發泡體之成形性變差。
作為多元醇組成物(C)中之具有氧乙烯基單位者,除聚醚多元醇(B)以外,亦包含為聚酯多元醇(A)及其他多元醇等且具有氧乙烯基單位之多元醇。
再者,多元醇組成物(C)中之氧乙烯基單位之含量可藉由以下方法算出:使用GPC(凝膠滲透層析法)分取多元醇組成物(C)中之各多元醇成分,對於各多元醇,藉由質子核磁共振分析(1
H-NMR)進行測定,將根據以下所記載之式算出之各多元醇之氧乙烯基單位的含量乘以多元醇組成物(C)中之基於各多元醇之重量比所得的含有比率,以所獲得之值之合計值(算術平均值)作為多元醇組成物(C)中之氧乙烯基單位的含量算出。
各多元醇中之氧乙烯基單位之含量(重量%)=44α×100/(44α+58)
其中,
α={(B/A-1)×3-58β}/(4+44β)
β=H/(M-S)
A:0.0~2.0 ppm之峰值積分比(-CH3
)
B:2.5~6.4 ppm之峰值積分比(-CH2
-、-CH-)
M:各多元醇之分子量
H:各多元醇之起始物質之氫原子之數
S:各多元醇之起始物質之分子量
此處,所謂「各多元醇之起始物質」,係指構成各多元醇之除AO以外之化合物。例如,聚酯多元醇(A)之起始物質為含多元羥基之化合物(a)及多羧酸或其酸酐。聚醚多元醇(B)之起始物質為含活性氫基之化合物(b)。
多元醇組成物(C)之羥值較佳為80~200 mgKOH/g,進而較佳為95~138 mgKOH/g。若為該範圍內,則於25℃之聚胺酯發泡體之回彈性較低,又,即便於0℃,發泡體亦不會變硬,且發泡體硬度之溫度依存性變低。
多元醇組成物(C)之羥值係將聚酯多元醇(A)、聚醚多元醇(B)、聚合物多元醇(P)及其他包含羥基之化合物各自的羥值乘以基於各自的重量比所得之含有比率而獲得之值的合計值(算術平均值)。再者,聚合物多元醇(P)之重量中亦包括聚合物粒子(J)之重量。
具體而言,依據上述「JIS K 1557-1 塑膠-聚胺酯原料多元醇試驗方法-第1部:羥值之求出方法」來進行測定。
多元醇組成物(C)所含有之多元醇之數量平均官能基數就聚胺酯發泡體之透氣性及耐久性之觀點而言,較佳為2.6~4.0,進而較佳為2.7~3.8。
數量平均官能基數係將多元醇組成物(C)所含有之聚酯多元醇(A)、聚醚多元醇(B)及其他多元醇各自的官能基數乘以基於各自的莫耳比所得之含有比率而獲得之值的合計值(算術平均值)。
又,多元醇組成物(C)之數量平均官能基數可藉由以下方式算出:使用GPC分取多元醇組成物(C)中之各多元醇成分,對於各多元醇,藉由核磁共振分析13
C-NMR進行測定。
又,本發明之一亦為一種軟質聚胺酯發泡體,其係由含有上述多元醇組成物(C)、有機聚異氰酸酯(D)、發泡劑(E)、觸媒(F)及泡沫穩定劑(G)之混合物之反應物構成。
作為有機聚異氰酸酯(D),軟質聚胺酯發泡體所使用之公知之有機聚異氰酸酯皆可使用,可列舉:芳香族聚異氰酸酯(D1)、脂肪族聚異氰酸酯(D2)、脂環式聚異氰酸酯(D3)、芳香脂肪族聚異氰酸酯(D4)、作為其等之改質物之改質聚異氰酸酯(D5)(含胺酯基、碳二亞胺基、脲甲酸酯基、脲基、縮二脲基、異氰尿酸酯基及唑啶酮基之改質物等)及其等2種以上之混合物。
作為芳香族聚異氰酸酯(D1),可列舉:除異氰酸酯基中之碳以外之碳數(以下聚異氰酸酯中,於記載為碳數之情形時,作為除異氰酸酯基中之碳以外者)為6~16之芳香族二異氰酸酯、碳數6~20之芳香族三異氰酸酯及該等異氰酸酯之粗製物等。作為具體例,可列舉:1,3-或1,4-苯二異氰酸酯、2,4-或2,6-甲苯二異氰酸酯(以下,簡稱為TDI)、粗製TDI、2,4'-或4,4'-二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯(以下,簡稱為MDI)、聚亞甲基聚伸苯基聚異氰酸酯(以下,簡稱為粗製MDI)、伸萘基-1,5-二異氰酸酯及三苯基甲烷-4,4',4''-三異氰酸酯等。
作為脂肪族聚異氰酸酯(D2),可列舉:碳數6~10之脂肪族二異氰酸酯等。作為具體例,可列舉:1,6-六亞甲基二異氰酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基六亞甲基二異氰酸酯及離胺酸二異氰酸酯等。
作為脂環式聚異氰酸酯(D3),可列舉:碳數6~16之脂環式二異氰酸酯等。作為具體例,可列舉:異佛酮二異氰酸酯、4,4'-二環己基甲烷二異氰酸酯、1,4-環己烷二異氰酸酯及降莰烷二異氰酸酯等。
作為芳香脂肪族異氰酸酯(D4),可列舉:碳數8~12之芳香脂肪族二異氰酸酯等。作為具體例,可列舉:伸茬基二異氰酸酯及α,α,α',α'-四甲基伸茬基二異氰酸酯等。
作為改質聚異氰酸酯(D5),可列舉:胺酯基、碳二亞胺基、脲甲酸酯基、脲基、縮二脲基、異氰尿酸酯基及唑啶酮基之改質物,作為具體例,可列舉:碳二亞胺改質MDI等。
該等有機聚異氰酸酯(D)之中,就反應性及回彈性之觀點而言,較佳為芳香族聚異氰酸酯(D1),進而較佳為TDI、粗製TDI、MDI、粗製MDI及該等異氰酸酯之改質物,尤佳為TDI、MDI及粗製MDI。
聚胺酯發泡體係藉由使多元醇組成物(C)與有機聚異氰酸酯(D)進行反應而獲得,關於所使用之有機聚異氰酸酯(D)之量,藉由調整原料中之異氰酸酯基(以下,簡稱為NCO基)相對於活性氫原子之比率而調整聚胺酯發泡體之物性。
製造軟質聚胺酯發泡體時,異氰酸酯指數(指標)[(NCO基/含活性氫原子之基)之當量比×100]就回彈性之觀點而言,較佳為70~150,進而較佳為75~130,尤佳為80~120。
作為發泡劑(E),可列舉:水、液化二氧化碳及沸點為-5~70℃之低沸點化合物等。
作為低沸點化合物,可列舉:含氫原子之鹵代烴及低沸點烴等。作為含氫原子之鹵代烴及低沸點烴之具體例,可列舉:二氯甲烷、HCFC(氫氟氯碳化物)(HCFC-123、HCFC-141b及HCFC-142b等)、HFC(氫氟碳)(HFC-134a、HFC-152a、HFC-356mff、HFC-236ea、HFC-245ca、HFC-245fa及HFC-365mfc等)、丁烷、戊烷及環戊烷等。
該等之中,就成形性之觀點而言,較佳為使用水、液化二氧化碳、二氯甲烷、環戊烷、HCFC-141b、HFC-134a、HFC-356mff、HFC-236ea、HFC-245ca、HFC-245fa、HFC-365mfc、及其等2種以上之混合物作為發泡劑(E)。
作為發泡劑(E)之水之使用量就發泡體密度之觀點而言,相對於製造聚胺酯發泡體時所使用之多元醇組成物(C)100重量份,較佳為1.0~8.0重量份,進而較佳為1.5~4.0重量份。
低沸點化合物之使用量就成形性之觀點而言,相對於多元醇組成物(C)100重量份,較佳為30重量份以下,進而較佳為5~25重量份。
液化二氧化碳之使用量相對於多元醇組成物(C)100重量份,較佳為30重量份以下,進而較佳為1~25重量份。
作為觸媒(F),可使用促進胺酯化反應之所有觸媒,就成形性之觀點而言,可列舉:三級胺{三伸乙基二胺、N-乙基嗎福林、N,N-二甲基胺基乙醇、雙二甲基胺基乙基醚及N-(N',N',-2-二甲基胺基乙基)嗎福林等}及羧酸金屬鹽(乙酸鉀、辛酸鉀、辛酸亞錫、二月桂酸二丁基錫及辛酸鉛等)。
該等之中,就發泡體硬度及回彈彈性模數之觀點而言,較佳為三伸乙基二胺、辛酸亞錫及二月桂酸二丁基錫。
觸媒(F)之使用量就成形性之觀點而言,相對於製造聚胺酯發泡體時所使用之多元醇組成物(C)100重量份,較佳為0.01~5.0重量份,進而較佳為0.05~2.0重量份。觸媒(F)可單獨地使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
作為泡沫穩定劑(G),可使用聚胺酯發泡體之製造中所使用之公知之泡沫穩定劑(聚矽氧系泡沫穩定劑及非聚矽氧系泡沫穩定劑等),可列舉:東麗道康寧(股)製造之「SZ-1959」、「SF-2904」、「SZ-1142」、「SZ-1720」、「SZ-1675t」、「SF-2936F」、「SZ-3601」、「SRX-294A」、「SH-193」;Nippon Unicar(股)製造之「L-540」、「L-3601」;邁圖高新材料公司製造之「L-595」「L-598」「L-626」;Evonik Japan(股)製造之「B8715 LF2」等可自市場取得者。
泡沫穩定劑(G)之使用量就成形性及回彈性之觀點而言,相對於多元醇組成物(C)100重量份,較佳為0.4~5.0重量份,進而較佳為0.4~3.0重量份。泡沫穩定劑(G)可單獨地使用1種,亦可併用2種以上。
本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體亦可為進而使用以下所述之其他助劑進行胺酯化反應而成之發泡體。
作為其他助劑,可列舉:著色劑(染料及顏料)、塑化劑(鄰苯二甲酸酯及己二酸酯等)、有機填充劑(由合成短纖維、熱塑性或熱硬化性樹脂構成之中空微小球等)、阻燃劑(磷酸酯及鹵化磷酸酯等)、抗老化劑(三唑及二苯甲酮等)及抗氧化劑(受阻酚及受阻胺等)等公知之輔助成分。
作為該等助劑之添加量,相對於多元醇組成物(C)100重量份,著色劑較佳為1重量份以下。塑化劑較佳為10重量份以下,進而較佳為5重量份以下。有機填充劑較佳為50重量份以下,進而較佳為30重量份以下。阻燃劑較佳為30重量份以下,進而較佳為2~20重量份。抗老化劑較佳為1重量份以下,進而較佳為0.01~0.5重量份。抗氧化劑較佳為1重量份以下,進而較佳為0.01~0.5重量份。助劑之合計使用量較佳為50重量份以下,進而較佳為0.2~30重量份。
本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體可利用公知之方法進行製造。
示出一例,首先,將多元醇組成物(C)、發泡劑(E)、觸媒(F)、泡沫穩定劑(G)以及視需要之其他助劑混合特定量,而獲得混合物。
繼而,使用聚胺酯發泡體發泡機或攪拌機,將該混合物與有機聚異氰酸酯(D)急速混合。
可使所獲得之混合液(發泡原液)連續發泡而獲得軟質聚胺酯發泡體。
又,亦可向密閉型或開放型之模具(金屬製或樹脂製)注入發泡原液,使之進行胺酯化反應,進行特定時間硬化後,使其脫模,而獲得軟質聚胺酯發泡體。
本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體於25℃之回彈彈性模數就聚胺酯發泡體之彈性之觀點而言,較佳為5~12%,進而較佳為6~10%。若為該範圍內,則可製成發泡體硬度良好,且阻震性優異之聚胺酯發泡體。
本發明中之聚胺酯發泡體之回彈彈性模數係依據JIS K6400所測得之值。
本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體之透氣性較佳為20 cc/cm2
/s以上,進而較佳為30 cc/cm2
/s以上。
本發明中之聚胺酯發泡體之透氣性係依據JIS K6400所測得之值。
使用本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C)而獲得之軟質聚胺酯發泡體係用於傢俱或寢具用枕頭、寢具用床墊、汽車用座墊及衣料用途等。
實施例
以下,藉由實施例及比較例,對本發明進一步進行說明,但本發明並不受該等限定。以下,只要無特別規定,則%表示重量%、份表示重量份。
製造例1 <聚酯多元醇(A1-1)之製造>
於反應容器內,使用甘油100重量份(1莫耳)與氫氧化鉀5重量份作為觸媒,於反應溫度95℃~130℃加成PO 1817重量份(27.7莫耳)後,進行吸附劑(合成矽酸鎂)處理、過濾而將氫氧化鉀去除,藉此獲得羥值為95 mgKOH/g之甘油之PO加成物。
繼而,加入鄰苯二甲酸酐965重量份(6莫耳),進行1小時酯化反應。進而加入PO 373重量份,進行加成反應,獲得聚酯三醇(A1-1)。羥值為56 mgKOH/g,酯基濃度為4.0 mmol/g。
製造例2 <聚酯多元醇(A1-2)之製造>
製造例1中,將加成於甘油100重量份(1莫耳)之PO變更為713重量份(11.3莫耳),除此之外,以與製造例1相同之方式獲得聚酯三醇(A1-2)。羥值為84 mgKOH/g、酯基濃度為6.0 mmol/g。
製造例3 <聚酯多元醇(A1-3)之製造>
製造例1中,將鄰苯二甲酸酐965重量份(6莫耳)變更為順丁烯二酸酐639重量份(6莫耳),除此之外,以與製造例1相同之方式獲得聚酯三醇(A1-3)。羥值為62 mgKOH/g,酯基濃度為4.4 mmol/g。
製造例4 <聚酯多元醇(A1-4)之製造>
製造例1中,將鄰苯二甲酸酐965重量份(6莫耳)變更為1,2,4-苯三甲酸酐209重量份(1莫耳),將酯化反應後加成之PO變更為379重量份,除此之外,以與製造例1相同之方式獲得聚酯多元醇(A1-4)。羥值為108 mgKOH/g,酯基濃度為1.4 mmol/g。
製造例5 <聚醚多元醇(B1-1)之製造>
於反應容器內,相對於甘油100重量份(1莫耳),以氫氧化鉀5重量份作為觸媒,於反應溫度95℃~130℃反應加成PO 391重量份(6.2莫耳)與EO 1143重量份(23.9莫耳)後,進行吸附劑(合成矽酸鎂)處理、過濾而將氫氧化鉀去除,藉此獲得聚醚多元醇(B1-1)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(B1-1)為羥值112 mgKOH/g,且氧乙烯基單位之重量比率為70重量%之甘油之PO 6.2莫耳、EO 23.9莫耳無規加成物。
製造例6 <聚醚多元醇(B1-2)之製造>
製造例5中,將PO變更為902重量份(14.3莫耳),將EO變更為2660重量份(55.6莫耳),除此之外,以與製造例5相同之方式獲得聚醚多元醇(B1-2)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(B1-2)為羥值50 mgKOH/g,且氧乙烯基單位之重量比率為73重量%之甘油之PO 14.3莫耳、EO 55.6莫耳無規加成物。
製造例7 <聚醚多元醇(B1-3)之製造>
製造例5中,將甘油變更為丙二醇,將PO變更為298重量份(3.9莫耳),將EO變更為926重量份(16.0莫耳),除此之外,以與製造例5相同之方式獲得聚醚多元醇(B1-3)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(B1-3)為羥值111 mgKOH/g,且氧乙烯基單位之重量比率為70重量%之丙二醇之PO 3.9莫耳、EO 16.0莫耳無規加成物。
製造例8 <聚醚多元醇(B2-1)之製造>
製造例5中,不使用EO,且將PO變更為713重量份(11.3莫耳),除此之外,以與製造例5相同之方式獲得聚醚多元醇(B2-1)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(B2-1)為羥值225 mgKOH/g之甘油之PO 11.3莫耳加成物。
製造例9 <聚醚多元醇(B2-2)之製造>
製造例5中,不使用EO,且將PO變更為3161重量份(50.1莫耳),除此之外,以與製造例5相同之方式獲得聚醚多元醇(B2-2)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(B2-2)為羥值56 mgKOH/g之甘油之PO 50.1莫耳加成物。
製造例10 <聚醚多元醇(B2-3)之製造>
製造例5中,不使用EO,且將PO變更為5287重量份(83.8莫耳),除此之外,以與製造例5相同之方式獲得聚醚多元醇(B2-3)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(B2-3)為羥值34 mgKOH/g之甘油之PO 83.8莫耳加成物。
製造例11 <聚醚多元醇(B2-4)之製造>
於反應容器內,相對於丙二醇100重量份(1莫耳),以氫氧化鉀5重量份作為觸媒,於反應溫度95℃~130℃反應加成PO 452重量份(5.9莫耳)後,進行吸附劑(合成矽酸鎂)處理、過濾而將氫氧化鉀去除,藉此獲得聚醚多元醇(B2-4)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(B2-4)為羥值270 mgKOH/g之丙二醇之PO 5.9莫耳加成物。
製造例12 <聚醚多元醇(B2-5)之製造>
製造例11中,將PO變更為5269重量份(69.0莫耳),除此之外,以與製造例10相同之方式獲得聚醚多元醇(B2-5)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(B2-5)為羥值27 mgKOH/g之丙二醇之PO 69.0莫耳加成物。
製造例13 <聚合物多元醇(P-1)之製造>
製造例5中,將PO變更為2940重量份,追加EO 220重量份,除此之外,以與製造例5相同之方式獲得聚醚多元醇(P'-1)。所獲得之聚醚多元醇(P'-1)為羥值為56 mgKOH/g,且氧乙烯基單位之重量比率為7重量%之甘油之PO、EO無規加成物。
該聚醚多元醇(P'-1)中,使苯乙烯與丙烯腈(苯乙烯/丙烯腈之重量比=70/30)進行共聚,獲得聚合物多元醇(P-1)。所獲得之聚合物多元醇(聚合物含量44.0重量%)之聚合物粒子之體積平均粒徑為0.5~0.7 μm。
<多元醇組成物(C)之製作>
將表1~2中所記載之各成分於混合容器中均勻地混合,而製作實施例1~15及比較例1~5之多元醇組成物。
[表1]
軟質胺酯發泡體 | 實施例1 | 實施例2 | 實施例3 | 實施例4 | 實施例5 | 實施例6 | 實施例7 | 實施例8 | 實施例9 | 實施例10 | |||
份數(重量份) | 多元醇組成物(C) | 聚酯多元醇 (A) | (A1-1) | 11 | 20 | - | 11 | 24 | - | - | - | - | - |
(A1-2) | - | - | 11 | - | - | 60 | 16 | - | - | 50 | |||
(A1-3) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20 | - | - | |||
(A1-4) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 30 | - | |||
聚醚多元醇 (B) | (B1-1) | 24 | 24 | 24 | - | 24 | 23 | 48 | 28 | - | 50 | ||
(B1-2) | - | - | - | 30 | - | - | - | - | 24 | - | |||
(B1-3) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
(B2-1) | 38 | 38 | 35 | 45 | 28 | 17 | 27 | 38 | 34 | - | |||
(B2-2) | 3 | 5 | 6 | - | - | - | 9 | - | - | - | |||
(B2-3) | 14 | 13 | 14 | 14 | - | - | - | 14 | 12 | - | |||
(B2-4) | - | - | - | - | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
(B2-5) | - | - | - | - | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
聚合物多元醇(P) | (P-1) | 10 | - | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
有機聚異氰酸酯(D) (異氰酸酯指數) | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | |||
發泡劑(E) | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | |||
觸媒(F) | (F-1) | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | ||
(F-2) | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |||
(F-3) | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | |||
泡沫穩定劑(G) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | |||
(C)中之酯基濃度(mmol/g) | 0.44 | 0.80 | 0.66 | 0.44 | 0.96 | 3.60 | 0.96 | 0.88 | 0.42 | 3.00 | |||
(C)中之氧乙烯單位之含量(重量%) | 17.8 | 17.3 | 17.8 | 21.6 | 16.8 | 16.1 | 33.6 | 19.6 | 17.3 | 35.0 | |||
(C)中之數量平均官能基數 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.0 | |||
(C)之羥值(mgKOH/g) | 128 | 131 | 132 | 127 | 134 | 114 | 133 | 134 | 125 | 98 | |||
發泡體 物性值 | 回彈彈性模數(%) | 7 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | ||
透氣性(cc/cm2 /s) | 121 | 76 | 84 | 110 | 90 | 105 | 114 | 96 | 80 | 77 | |||
回復時間(s) | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
[表2]
軟質胺酯發泡體 | 實施例11 | 實施例12 | 實施例13 | 實施例14 | 實施例15 | 比較例1 | 比較例2 | 比較例3 | 比較例4 | 比較例5 | |||
份數(重量份) | 多元醇組成物(C) | 聚酯多元醇 (A) | (A1-1) | 30 | 30 | - | - | 20 | 3 | - | 11 | 11 | 11 |
(A1-2) | - | - | 10 | 8 | - | - | 70 | - | - | - | |||
(A1-3) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
(A1-4) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
聚醚多元醇 (B) | (B1-1) | 30 | 25 | 25 | 22 | - | 24 | 23 | 5 | 15 | 57 | ||
(B1-2) | 10 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
(B1-3) | - | - | - | - | 24 | - | - | - | - | - | |||
(B2-1) | - | 7 | 35 | 40 | 38 | 38 | 7 | 44 | 41 | 22 | |||
(B2-2) | 30 | 23 | - | - | 5 | 11 | - | 16 | 9 | - | |||
(B2-3) | - | - | - | - | 13 | 14 | - | 14 | 14 | - | |||
(B2-4) | - | - | 30 | 30 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
(B2-5) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
聚合物多元醇(P) | (P-1) | - | - | - | - | - | 10 | - | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||
有機聚異氰酸酯(D) (異氰酸酯指數) | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | |||
發泡劑(E) | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | |||
觸媒(F) | (F-1) | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | ||
(F-2) | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |||
(F-3) | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | |||
泡沫穩定劑(G) | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |||
(C)中之酯基濃度(mmol/g) | 1.20 | 1.20 | 0.60 | 0.48 | 0.80 | 0.12 | 4.20 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.44 | |||
(C)中之氧乙烯單位之含量(重量%) | 28.2 | 28.3 | 17.5 | 15.4 | 16.8 | 17.8 | 16.6 | 4.1 | 11.3 | 41.5 | |||
(C)中之數量平均官能基數 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | |||
(C)之羥值(mgKOH/g) | 72 | 81 | 196 | 202 | 131 | 128 | 101 | 128 | 128 | 123 | |||
發泡體 物性值 | 回彈彈性模數(%) | 13 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 16 | 無法測定物性 | 6 | 6 | 無法測定物性 | ||
透氣性(cc/cm2 /s) | 54 | 80 | 77 | 49 | 82 | 100 | 3 | 5 | |||||
回復時間(s) | 1 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 2 |
表1~2中所記載之實施例1~15及比較例1~5中所使用之各成分分別如下所述。
聚酯多元醇(A)、聚醚多元醇(B)及聚合物多元醇(P):上述製造例1~13中所製得者。
有機聚異氰酸酯(D):2,4-甲苯二異氰酸酯與2,6-甲苯二異氰酸酯之混合物(混合比率:80/20)(TDI)[製品名:東曹(股)製造之「Coronate T-80」(異氰酸酯基含量=48.3重量%)]
發泡劑(E):水
<觸媒(F)>
觸媒(F-1):AIR PRODUCTS JAPAN(股)製造之三伸乙基二胺,「DABCO-33LX」
觸媒(F-2):AIR PRODUCTS JAPAN(股)製造之雙二甲基胺基乙基醚,「DABCO-BL22」
觸媒(F-3):NITTO KASEI(股)製造之辛酸亞錫「NEOSTANN U-28」
泡沫穩定劑(G):邁圖高新材料公司製造之聚矽氧泡沫穩定劑「Niax Silicone L-598」
<軟質聚胺酯發泡體之製作>
根據下述發泡條件使依據表1~2所示之摻合處方摻合而成之混合物進行發泡,製作軟質聚胺酯發泡體。
再者,表1~2之摻合處方中之有機聚異氰酸酯以外之原料之數值表示重量份數,有機聚異氰酸酯係使用成為摻合處方所示之異氰酸酯指數之量。
<發泡條件>
模具尺寸:250 mm×250 mm×250 mm
材質:木材
混合方法:手動混合(將所需試劑以所需量加入至特定之容器中後,將攪拌葉插入至容器中,以轉速5000轉/分鐘攪拌6~20秒鐘之發泡方法)
混合時間:6~20秒鐘
攪拌葉轉速:5000轉/分鐘
將所獲得之軟質聚胺酯發泡體於溫度25℃、濕度50%靜置24小時後,基於下述測定方法測定各軟質聚胺酯發泡體之回彈彈性模數、透氣性、及回復時間,將結果示於表1~2。
<軟質聚胺酯發泡體之物性值之試驗方法>
各項目之測定方法如下所述。
透氣性:依據JIS K6400進行測定(單位為cc/cm2
/s)。
回彈彈性模數:依據JIS K6400進行測定(單位為%)。
回復時間:藉由前端銳利之試驗棒(長度10 cm、直徑25 mm)將依據JIS K6500-1所準備之50×200×200(mm)之試片進行最大壓縮後,測定去除負載後直至恢復至原本厚度為止之時間(單位為秒鐘)。
根據表1~2可知,實施例1~15之軟質聚胺酯發泡體均於室溫之回彈彈性模數較低,且透氣性亦良好。
另一方面,多元醇組成物(C)中之酯基濃度未達0.4 mmol/g之比較例1中,聚胺酯發泡體之回彈彈性模數不良,多元醇組成物(C)中之酯基濃度超過4.0 mmol/g之比較例2中,於發泡後之靜置中發泡體收縮,無法進行作為胺酯發泡體之物性測定。
多元醇組成物(C)中之氧乙烯基單位之含量未達15重量%之比較例3與比較例4中,聚胺酯發泡體於室溫之回彈彈性模數良好,但透氣性為5 cc/cm2
/s以下而不良。
另一方面,氧乙烯基單位之含量超過40重量%之比較例5中,雖暫時因發泡導致表觀體積有所增加,但之後即刻垮塌,因此軟質胺酯發泡體崩解,無法進行物性值之測定。
[產業上之可利用性]
使用本發明之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C)而獲得之軟質聚胺酯發泡體由於在室溫之回彈彈性模數較低,且透氣性良好,故適用於座墊、寢具(床墊及枕頭等)及傢俱等。
無。
無。
Claims (4)
- 一種軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C),其係含有聚酯多元醇(A)及聚醚多元醇(B)而成,且係滿足下述(1)~(4)之全部而成:(1)上述多元醇組成物(C)中之酯基濃度基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量為0.42~4.0mmol/g;(2)上述多元醇組成物(C)中之氧乙烯基單位之含量基於多元醇組成物(C)之重量為15.4~40重量%;(3)上述聚酯多元醇(A)含有聚酯多元醇(A1),該聚酯多元醇(A1)係使包含含多元羥基之化合物(a)與多羧酸或其酸酐之原料進行聚合而成,且每1分子具有2~4個羥基;(4)上述聚醚多元醇(B)含有具有氧乙烯基之聚醚多元醇(B1)。
- 如請求項1之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C),其中,上述多元醇組成物(C)之羥值為80~200mgKOH/g。
- 一種軟質聚胺酯發泡體,其由含有請求項1或2之軟質聚胺酯發泡體製造用多元醇組成物(C)、有機聚異氰酸酯(D)、發泡劑(E)、觸媒(F)及泡沫穩定劑(G)之混合物之反應物構成。
- 如請求項3之軟質聚胺酯發泡體,其於25℃之回彈彈性模數為5~12%。
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