TWI834583B - Cultivation and breeding methods of Macrobrachium spinipodus and Macrobrachium rosenbergii - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of cultivating Macrobrachium macrobrachium and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, which is to collect Macrobrachium macrobrachium larvae obtained by breeding wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium from different places, cultivate them for eight months, and then select the largest ones. Ten of them were put into the mating tank to breed eggs and cultivated for 7 months under breeding conditions that monitored hatching larvae. Then, the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium weighing more than 40 grams was picked out, and then the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium and the heavy After mating with more than 50 grams of Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimp, the egg-bearing Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimps are fished out and cultured in a hatching tank. When their larvae hatch, they are then put into a breeding density of 100,000 larvae per ton of water. The fish are harvested and cultured in a culture tank with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015%, and the larvae are monitored to grow into shrimps that can swim, and the salt content of the culture tank has been desalinated to below 0.001%. , you can move it to a general shrimp pond for cultivation.

Description

Cultivation and breeding methods of Macrobrachium spinipodus and Macrobrachium rosenbergii

The present invention relates to artificial breeding methods of shrimps, and particularly refers to a breeding method for collecting Macrobrachium spinosa and Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

According to reports, the aquaculture industry plays an important role all over the world. This is because the aquaculture industry provides people with a variety of food choices and is closely related to people's daily lives. Take Taiwan's shrimp farming industry as an example. It has been booming since the successful development of artificial breeding technologies such as grass shrimp and sand shrimp in 1969. There are two families of native freshwater shrimp in Taiwan, namely Palaemonidae and Palaemonidae. Atydae, shrimps of the genus Palalemon and Macrobrachium in the family Atydae have a pair of obvious large claws and are larger in size. Among them, Macrobrachium spinypods (commonly known as: Green The largest one in size, the body length can reach more than 30 centimeters. The meat is tender and delicious, rich in nutritional value, and has excellent economic value.

At present, in the breeding of Macrobrachium macrobrachium, most of the breeding shrimps are obtained from the wild and then artificially reproduced. However, the traditional breeding process lacks proper planning and management of breeding conditions. There is no industry that can put forward a consistent method for Macrobrachium macrobrachium. Artificial breeding methods, and long-term artificial breeding will directly lead to species degradation. The growth rate, disease resistance, survival rate and body shape will be significantly deteriorated, seriously reducing the artificial breeding efficiency of Macrobrachium spinosa.

In view of this, how to solve the above problems is the primary issue to be solved by the present invention.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a breeding method for Macrobrachium spinosa and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, which provides a consistent breeding method for Macrobrachium spinosa and Macrobrachium rosenbergii through reasonable breeding planning and control of specific breeding conditions, and It is conducive to large-scale breeding applications and can greatly improve its breeding efficiency.

In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides a method for cultivating Macrobrachium spinypods and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, which includes the following steps: A. Collect the Macrobrachium macrobrachium larvae produced by mating wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium from two different places. Cultivate the larvae of Macrobrachium macrobrachium for eight months. After that, the top 10% of the largest individuals are selected, and the The breeding ratio of male and female shrimps is 1:3, and the breeding ratio is 1:3. Put them into a mating tank with water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C to allow them to mate naturally. When there are mature female shrimps that hold eggs, they are caught and concentrated in the hatching tank for waiting. The larvae are hatched, and the hatched larvae are then harvested and cultured in a nursery with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C. The growth process of the larvae is monitored until the larvae grow to a mature age. When the young shrimps of Macrobrachium are swimming, the salt content in the nursery pond is gradually diluted to a salt content of 0.001%. After continuing to culture for 7 months, the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium weighing more than 40 grams is picked out. ;B. Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are selected from excellent strains and stocked at a breeding density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of cultivation, they are divided into ponds. Divide the ponds into ponds at a density of 10,000, and then culture them for 4 months, then pick out the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii weighing more than 50 grams; C. Put the Macrobrachium spinosa male selected in step A and the Macrobrachium rosenbergii female selected in step B into a mating tank to mate naturally, or use artificial insemination to mate, and then put the shrimp eggs into the mating tank. Mature egg-bearing Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimps are fished out and cultured in an incubation tank with a water temperature of 26 to 28°C. When the hybrid larvae hatch, 100,000 hybrid larvae are put into the culture per ton of water. density, concentrate them in a culture tank with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and control the water temperature at 26 to 28°C, and monitor the hybrid larvae to grow into hybrid seed shrimp that can swim. According to the culture time Gradually dilute the content of its culture pool When the salinity rate of the culture pond has been desalinated to less than 0.001%, it can be moved to a general shrimp pond for cultivation.

The above objects and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood from the following detailed description of selected embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the breeding process according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the breeding process according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a first embodiment of a method for cultivating Macrobrachium spinypods and Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention. It mainly includes the following steps:

A. Macrobrachium larvae were collected from the wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium in Xiuguluan River, Hualien and the wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium in Lanyang Creek, Yilan. The larvae were produced after being cultivated for eight months. Select the top ten percent of the largest individuals, and put the selected excellent individuals into a mating pool with a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C at a breeding ratio of 1 (male): 3 (female). Let them breed naturally. When there are mature egg-bearing female shrimps, the mature egg-bearing female shrimps will be fished and concentrated in an incubation tank where the water temperature is controlled at 26 to 28°C until the larvae hatch. The hatched larvae will then be caught with a fine silk net. Bu Lao capture is concentrated in nursery ponds with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and water temperature conditions also controlled at 26 to 28°C. The growth process of the larvae is monitored until the larvae grow into Macrobrachium spinosaus that can swim. When raising shrimps, dilute the salt content of the nursery pond to a salt content of 0.001%. Among them, newly hatched larvae have a yolk sac on their head and chest because their body organs are not fully developed. At this stage, the larvae hang upside down in the water with their heads and tails on top, and they must be cultured in a solution with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015%. In brackish water, after the body organs are fully developed into shrimps, they will swim in the water with their heads forward. This also means that shrimps can grow in fresh water. At this time, the salt content of the nursery pool can be adjusted. gradually fade to 0.001%. Before the body length of Macrobrachium macrobrachium reaches 3 cm, it likes to eat plankton (such as water fleas) and is in a planktonic state. Therefore, in order to improve its breeding rate at this stage, it is necessary to cultivate a large amount of plankton bait, and When the length of Macrobrachium macrobrachium reaches 2.5 cm, you can start feeding artificial bait. When the length of Macrobrachium macrobrachium reaches 5-6 cm, it must be divided into ponds and placed in every 1,000 square meters of the pond. The appropriate breeding density is about 10,000 individuals, and the culture should be continued for more than 7 months before the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium weighing more than 40 grams is picked out.

B． Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are selected from excellent strains and stocked at a breeding density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of cultivation, they are divided into ponds. The ponds were divided into ponds at a density of 10,000, and then cultured for 4 months, and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii weighing more than 50 grams were picked out.

C． Put the male Macrobrachium spinosae selected in step A and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in step B into the mating pool at a mating ratio of 1 (male): 4 to 5 (female). In this embodiment, 80 Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimps are placed in a 10-square-meter cement tank, and then 15 to 20 Macrobrachium spinypod male shrimps are placed into a cement tank of 10 square meters. After natural mating, the shrimp eggs are matured. The egg-bearing Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimps are fished out and cultured in an incubation tank with a water temperature of 26 to 28°C. When the hybrid larvae hatch, they are put into a breeding density of 100,000 hybrid larvae per ton of water. The catch is concentrated in a culture tank with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015%, and the hybrid larvae are monitored to grow into hybrid seed shrimp that can swim. The salt content of the culture tank is gradually diluted according to the culture time, and the salt content of the culture tank is When the salt content has been desalinated to less than 0.001%, it can be moved to a general shrimp pond and cultured in a conventional way.

The method for cultivating Macrobrachium spinifex and Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided in the first embodiment of the present invention provides a consistent culture method for Macrobrachium spinifex through reasonable breeding planning and control of its specific breeding conditions. This method is conducive to large-scale breeding applications, and can greatly improve its breeding efficiency.

Next, please continue to refer to Figure 2, which is a second embodiment of the cultivation method of Macrobrachium spinypods and Macrobrachium rosenbergii provided by the present invention, and this second embodiment mainly includes the following steps:

A. Macrobrachium larvae were collected from the wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium in Xiuguluan River, Hualien and the wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium in Lanyang Creek, Yilan. The larvae were produced after being cultivated for eight months. Select the top ten percent of the largest individuals, and put the selected excellent individuals into a mating pool with a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C at a breeding ratio of 1 (male): 3 (female). Let them breed naturally. When there are mature egg-bearing female shrimps, the mature egg-bearing female shrimps will be fished and concentrated in an incubation tank where the water temperature is controlled at 26 to 28°C until the larvae hatch. The hatched larvae will then be caught with a fine silk net. Bu Lao capture is concentrated in nursery ponds with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and water temperature conditions also controlled at 26 to 28°C. The growth process of the larvae is monitored until the larvae grow into Macrobrachium spinosaus that can swim. When the shrimps are grown, the salt content of the nursery pond is diluted to a salt content of 0.001%. When the shrimps are 5-6 cm long, the ponds are divided into ponds. About 10,000 shrimps are placed per 1,000 square meters of pond. The breeding density is appropriate, and the culture should be continued for more than 7 months, and then the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium weighing more than 40 grams will be picked out.

B． Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are selected from excellent strains and stocked at a breeding density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of cultivation, they are divided into ponds. The ponds were divided into ponds at a density of 10,000, and then cultured for 4 months, and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii weighing more than 50 grams were picked out.

C． Put the Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimps selected in step B into a cement tank for culture. Observe the Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimps every day until they shed their shells and fish them out immediately. Then store the Macrobrachium rosenbergii male shrimps selected in step A. The sperm pods are taken out with a sharp tip and placed into the seminal vesicle in the middle of the fourth step of the shelled female Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii that have been artificially inseminated every day are cultured at a breeding density of about ten per square meter. After 20 days, the egg-bearing female Macrobrachium rosenbergii with mature shrimp eggs is fished out and cultured in an incubation tank with a water temperature of 26 to 28°C. When the hybrid larvae hatch, the hybrids are added per ton of water. At a breeding density of 100,000 larvae, they are harvested and cultured in a culture tank with a salinity rate of 0.012% to 0.015%. The hybrid larvae are monitored to grow into hybrid seed shrimp that can swim, and they are gradually diluted according to the culture time. The salt content of the culture tank, and the culture When the salt content of the breeding pond has been desalinated to less than 0.001%, it can be moved to a general shrimp pond and cultured in a conventional way.

The difference between this second embodiment and the aforementioned first embodiment is that in step C, artificial insemination is used for reproduction, but the overall process is still through reasonable breeding planning and control of specific breeding conditions. A standardized breeding method for Macrobrachium spinalis can also be conducive to large-scale breeding applications, and thereby significantly improve its breeding efficiency.

However, the disclosure of the above embodiments is only for illustrating the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Therefore, any changes in numerical values or replacement of equivalent components should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

To sum up, when it can be understood by those who are familiar with this art that the present invention can clearly achieve the aforementioned purpose, it actually complies with the provisions of the patent law, so the application is filed in accordance with the law.

Claims (6)

A method for cultivating Macrobrachium acanthus and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, including the following steps: A. Collect the Macrobrachium macrobrachium larvae produced by mating wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium from two different places. Cultivate the larvae of Macrobrachium macrobrachium for eight months. After that, the top 10% of the largest individuals are selected, and the The breeding ratio of male and female shrimps is 1:3, and the breeding ratio is 1:3. Put them into a mating tank with water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C to allow them to mate naturally. When there are mature female shrimps that hold eggs, they are caught and concentrated in the hatching tank for waiting. The larvae are hatched, and the hatched larvae are then harvested and cultured in a nursery with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C. The growth process of the larvae is monitored until the larvae grow to a mature age. When the young shrimps of Macrobrachium are swimming, the salt content in the nursery pond is gradually diluted to a salt content of 0.001%. After continuing to culture for 7 months, the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium weighing more than 40 grams is picked out. ; B. Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are selected from excellent strains and stocked at a breeding density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of cultivation, they are divided into ponds. The density of 10,000 individuals was divided into ponds, and then cultured for 4 months, the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii weighing more than 50 grams was picked out; C. Put the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium selected in Step A and the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii selected in Step B at a breeding ratio of 1:4 to 5 with a male to female shrimp ratio of 1:4 to 5, and place them in a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C. In the mating tank, after natural mating, the mature female Macrobrachium rosenbergii with mature eggs are taken out and cultured in an incubation tank with a water temperature of 26 to 28°C. When the hybrid larvae hatch, they are According to the breeding density of 100,000 hybrid larvae per ton of water, they are captured and cultured in a culture tank with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C, and the hybrids are monitored. When the larvae grow into hybrid seed shrimp that can swim, the salt content of the culture tank will be gradually desalinated according to the cultivation time. When the salt content of the culture tank has been desalinated to less than 0.001%, it can be moved to a normal shrimp pond. Medium breeding. The breeding method of Macrobrachium spinifex and Macrobrachium rosenbergii as described in claim 1, wherein, in step A, the wild Macrobrachium spinosus in Hualien Xiuguluan Stream and the wild Macrobrachium spinosa in Lanyang Creek in Yilan are collected Macrobrachium larvae produced through mutual breeding. The cultivation method of Macrobrachium spinosa and Macrobrachium rosenbergii as described in claim 1, wherein in step A, when the shrimp body of the daughter shrimp of Macrobrachium spinosa is 5-6 centimeters long, the cultivation method is as follows: per 1000 square meters The pond was placed in separate ponds with a breeding density of 10,000 individuals and continued to be cultured for more than 7 months. Then the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium weighing more than 40 grams was picked out. A method for cultivating Macrobrachium acanthus and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, including the following steps: A. Collect the Macrobrachium macrobrachium larvae produced by mating wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium from two different places. Cultivate the larvae of Macrobrachium macrobrachium for eight months. After that, the top 10% of the largest individuals are selected, and the The breeding ratio of male and female shrimps is 1:3, and the breeding ratio is 1:3. Put them into a mating tank with water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C to allow them to mate naturally. When there are mature female shrimps that hold eggs, they are caught and concentrated in the hatching tank for waiting. The larvae are hatched, and the hatched larvae are then harvested and cultured in a nursery with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015% and a water temperature controlled at 26 to 28°C. The growth process of the larvae is monitored until the larvae grow to a mature age. When the young shrimps of Macrobrachium are swimming, the salt content in the nursery pond is gradually diluted to a salt content of 0.001%. After continuing to culture for 7 months, the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium weighing more than 40 grams is picked out. ; B. Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are selected from excellent strains and stocked at a breeding density of 100,000 per 1,000 square meters. After 40 days of cultivation, they are divided into ponds. The density of 10,000 individuals was divided into ponds, and then cultured for 4 months, the female Macrobrachium rosenbergii weighing more than 50 grams was picked out; C. Put the Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimp selected in step B into a cement tank. Observe the Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimp every day until they shed their shells and fish them out immediately. Then add the stored sperm of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii male shrimp selected in step A. The pods are removed and placed into the spermatheca of the shelled Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimp, and the artificially inseminated Macrobrachium rosenbergii female shrimps are cultured at a breeding density of about ten per square meter for 20 days, and the mature shrimp eggs are fertilized. The female Macrobrachium rosenbergii is fished out and cultured in an incubation tank with a water temperature of 26 to 28°C. When the hybrid larvae hatch, they are fished out at a breeding density of 100,000 hybrid larvae per ton of water. The catch is cultured in a culture tank with a salt content of 0.012% to 0.015%, and the hybrid larvae are monitored to grow into hybrid seed shrimp that can swim. The salt content of the culture pool is gradually diluted according to the culture time, and the content of the culture pool is When the salt rate has been desalinated to less than 0.001%, it can be moved to a general shrimp pond for culture. The breeding method of Macrobrachium spinosa and Macrobrachium rosenbergii as described in claim 4, wherein in step A, the wild Macrobrachium macrobrachium in Xiuguluan Stream, Hualien and the wild Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Lanyang Creek, Yilan are collected Macrobrachium larvae produced through mutual breeding. The cultivation method of Macrobrachium spinosa and Macrobrachium rosenbergii as described in claim 4, wherein in step A, when the shrimp body of the daughter shrimp of Macrobrachium spinosa is 5-6 centimeters long, the cultivation method is as follows: per 1000 square meters The pond was placed in separate ponds with a breeding density of 10,000 individuals and continued to be cultured for more than 7 months. Then the male Macrobrachium macrobrachium weighing more than 40 grams was picked out.