TWI815186B - 泡沫控制劑 - Google Patents
泡沫控制劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI815186B TWI815186B TW110135172A TW110135172A TWI815186B TW I815186 B TWI815186 B TW I815186B TW 110135172 A TW110135172 A TW 110135172A TW 110135172 A TW110135172 A TW 110135172A TW I815186 B TWI815186 B TW I815186B
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- foam control
- foam
- alcohol
- control agent
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 17
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylheptyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCC(CO)CCC YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005882 aldol condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QHZLMUACJMDIAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monopalmitoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO QHZLMUACJMDIAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007869 Guerbet synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAQSNXHKHKONNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-6-oxopyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CCN1C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(C)=CC1=O QAQSNXHKHKONNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFAOATPOYUWEHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6-methylheptyl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O NFAOATPOYUWEHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLWVTLFAQAGOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCO MLWVTLFAQAGOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDTQVQPVUYLMJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO IDTQVQPVUYLMJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPHIURAKMYNURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO XPHIURAKMYNURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKYSFRFMQHMOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-5-methylpyridine-2-carbonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CN=C(C#N)C(Br)=C1 WGKYSFRFMQHMOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241000219310 Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000722885 Brettanomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- TWADYJJNDWPIQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(=O)O.C(C)(=O)O.C(CCCCCCCCCCC)N(CCN(CCN)CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCN Chemical compound C(C)(=O)O.C(C)(=O)O.C(CCCCCCCCCCC)N(CCN(CCN)CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCN TWADYJJNDWPIQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical class C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000235346 Schizosaccharomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021536 Sugar beet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJCWFDPJFXGQBN-RYNSOKOISA-N [(2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-octadecanoyloxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-octadecanoyloxyethyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IJCWFDPJFXGQBN-RYNSOKOISA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQVGEJLUEOSDBB-KTKRTIGZSA-N [3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)CO QQVGEJLUEOSDBB-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLGOTHQMVKZTBP-KVVVOXFISA-N acetic acid;(z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN NLGOTHQMVKZTBP-KVVVOXFISA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQARCJVIMMGOHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;1-(2-heptadec-1-enyl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-1-yl)ethanamine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC1=NCCN1C(C)N VQARCJVIMMGOHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANRCSZILOHNONR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hexadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] ANRCSZILOHNONR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZSWJGHEQUOKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-M didodecyl(diethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](CC)(CC)CCCCCCCCCCCC BZSWJGHEQUOKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVHKXTXVQJKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-amine;2-hydroxypropanoic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCN GVHKXTXVQJKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004668 long chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012184 mineral wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013587 production medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001589 sorbitan tristearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004129 sorbitan tristearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011078 sorbitan tristearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037312 stearamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
- B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
- B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
- B01D19/0404—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C31/00—Saturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C31/02—Monohydroxylic acyclic alcohols
- C07C31/125—Monohydroxylic acyclic alcohols containing five to twenty-two carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
- C11D3/2017—Monohydric alcohols branched
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
- C11D3/2006—Monohydric alcohols
- C11D3/2017—Monohydric alcohols branched
- C11D3/202—Monohydric alcohols branched fatty or with at least 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
一種泡沫控制劑及藉由使用泡沫控制劑來控制生質酒精加工之泡沫之方法，其中該試劑至少包括分支醇。
Description
實施例係關於一種泡沫控制劑及控制生質酒精加工之泡沫之方法，其中該試劑至少包括分支醇。
乙醇可以經由生物醱酵過程自甘蔗原料中生產。此類乙醇被稱為生質酒精(有時稱為生物乙醇)，生產此類乙醇的過程經常因生產培養基中酵母產生的泡沫的存在而陷入困境。酵母被添加至醱酵罐中，連續供應甘蔗原料以生產生質酒精。此等罐中不受控制的發泡會導致生產能力之顯著損失。泡沫會導致溢流，從而導致溢出及產品浪費。乙醇生產過程中的起泡係一項重大挑戰，因此已設計出的機械泡沫管理方法效果有限。
泡沫控制劑(FCA)被廣泛認為比機械方法更實用，目前在整個行業中更常用，以最大限度地減少由於起泡造成的生產損失。此等泡沫控制劑可以包含消泡及防沫化學品。防沫劑(一個技術術語)旨在防止泡沫，而消泡劑(另一個技術術語)消除現有泡沫。
對於醱酵應用，泡沫控制劑通常包含由環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷及/或環氧丁烷構成的嵌段共聚物(聚乙二醇)。此等類型的產品係有效的，因為咸信在升高的溫度下，其不溶於溶液，從而導致體系表面張力增加，從而導致泡沫破裂。通常，此等材料與其他疏水材料結合以改善泡沫控制性質。此等泡沫控制劑
之使用對工業至關重要，因此任何新穎或改進的泡沫控制劑均非常有用。
由於所有此等以及更多的原因，需要泡沫控制劑及控制生質酒精加工之泡沫之方法。
實施例係關於一種泡沫控制劑及控制生質酒精加工之泡沫之方法，其中該試劑至少包括分支醇。
本揭示案係關於用於生質酒精生產之泡沫控制劑。如前所述，環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷及/或環氧丁烷係常用的泡沫控制劑。本揭示案詳述了出乎意料地，分支醇如何展現出具有優異的泡沫控制效能。此種泡沫控制效能甚至優於烷氧基化共聚物(聚乙二醇，二醇及三醇均作為引發劑)，此使得此等材料能夠在生質酒精醱酵應用中用作泡沫控制劑。分支醇可以係2-烷基-1-烷醇(亦稱為格爾伯特醇(Guerbet alcohol))，且較佳2-乙基己醇(2-EH)及2-丙基庚醇(2-PH)。此等醇可以經由相應醛之醛醇縮合或由直鏈一級醇之格爾伯特反應(Guerbet reaction)合成。亦可以使用其他生產方法。
目前揭示之防沫劑的通用結構如下：
其中x係2至14之整數，且R係具有1至14個碳原子之烷基。
泡沫控制劑亦可以描述為包括自C8至C32的2-烷基取代之醇。醇可以主要係醇的一種異構體(>95重量%)或混合物，其可藉由醛混合物的醛醇縮合產生或經由格爾伯特反應由醇混合物產生。
在一些實施例中，包含2-乙基己醇及2-丙基庚醇之C8-C32格爾伯特醇以及由丁醛及戊醛之醛醇縮合產生的C8、C9及C10醇之混合物係較佳的。
所調配的泡沫控制劑中格爾伯特醇之濃度在0.01%至100%範圍內，較佳用作防沫劑時在40%至100%範圍內，以及用作消泡劑時在0.01%至25%範圍內。格爾伯特醇可以係固體或液體的形式，較佳液體。若其係固體，則材料可以溶解或分散在溶劑中。該泡沫控制劑可以係水溶液或有機溶劑類溶液。用於生質酒精醱酵加工之該泡沫控制劑的用量相對於醱酵罐中存在之液體總量在10至10000ppm範圍內。較佳地，當其用作防沫劑時，在50至1000ppm範圍內。當用作消泡劑時，其用量在10至500000ppm範圍內，較佳在50至10000ppm範圍內。
其他泡沫控制劑(例如，由環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷及/或環氧丁烷構成之共聚物，無規或嵌段)或其他疏水材料，諸如蠟、油或二氧化矽，亦可以與分支格爾伯特醇一起添加。聚矽氧可以與2-烷基醇結合使用。亦可以使用界面活性劑，尤其係醇之烷氧基化物。分支醇作為泡沫控制劑之用途可以係基於水的或基於油的。
本發明揭示之新型泡沫控制劑可以係固體或液體的形式。若其係固體，則該材料在用作泡沫控制劑之前可以溶解或分散在溶劑中。咸信本發明揭示之試劑在所有可產生泡沫的常用生質酒精醱酵酵母存在下起作用，包含但不限於以下不同菌株：釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces Cerevisiae)、白色念珠菌(Candida
Albicans)、裂殖酵母(Schizosaccharomyces)、酒香酵母(Brettanomyces)等。
該化學試劑可用於防沫劑或消泡劑調配物。防沫劑調配物係由聚乙二醇、酯、聚矽氧、溶劑、水及其他化學品混合而成，在氣泡的氣液界面，避免了泡沫的形成。亦可以使用基於嵌段共聚物之其他兩親化學品。在消泡調配物中，除上述產品外，亦可使用植物油、礦物油、蠟等油性劑。
目前揭示之泡沫控制劑可用作此類調配物之促進劑或主要成分，並可用於防止或破壞泡沫。在甘蔗廠中，此意謂產品可用於酵母處理罐或醱酵罐本身。其亦可用於甜菜及馬鈴薯加工，以最大限度地減少泡沫。該試劑可連續或分批使用，非常適合任何類型的製造廠操作。
此種化學品可以添加至罐中，在該罐中，酵母用酸及其他化學品進行處理；或在加入糖溶液之前、期間或之後加入醱酵罐中。醱酵通常在低於34℃之溫度下進行。此溫度係藉由使用熱交換器獲得的。將酵母分散液轉移至醱酵罐後，糖溶液之進料可能需要很長時間(長達6或8小時)，而在此段時間內，出現的泡沫最多。在糖溶液進料後，可能需要一些額外的時間來確保糖在乙醇中之有效轉化。此額外的時間可以自糖溶液進料開始的1至4小時至12小時的總時間不等。目前的產品表明在整個醱酵過程持續時間中均可以使用。
如上所述，泡沫控制劑可以視情況進一步包含溶劑、界面活性劑、乳化劑或其組合。在一個實施例中，泡沫控制劑含有0.01至100%重量的分支醇組合物。或者，泡沫控制劑可以含有5至100重量%的分支醇組合物；10至100重量%的分支醇組合物；15至100重量%分支醇組合物；20至100重量%分支醇組合物；25至100重量%的分支醇組合物；或甚至30%至100重量%分支醇組合物。
選擇泡沫控制劑中含有之視情況選用之溶劑以適合溶解或分散分支醇組合物。此類溶劑可包含水、烴(芳族烴及脂族烴)及含氧溶劑(醇、酮、
醛、醚、二醇醚、酯及二醇醚酯)。
選擇泡沫控制劑中含有的視情況選用之界面活性劑或乳化劑以適合於改善泡沫控制劑與原料之相容性或與分支醇組合物形成乳液。視情況選用之界面活性劑或乳化劑的量在分支醇組合物之0.1至30重量%範圍內。
視情況選用之界面活性劑或乳化劑可以係陰離子的、陽離子的或非離子的。合適的陰離子界面活性劑或乳化劑之實例係鹼金屬、銨及胺皂；此類皂之脂肪酸部分較佳含有至少10個碳原子。皂亦可以「原位」形成；換言之，可以將脂肪酸添加至油相中，且將鹼性物質添加至水相中。
合適的陰離子界面活性劑或乳化劑之其他實例係烷基芳基磺酸之鹼金屬鹽、二烷基磺基琥珀酸鈉、硫酸化或磺化油，例如硫酸化蓖麻油；磺化牛油及短鏈石油磺酸之鹼金屬鹽。
合適的陽離子界面活性劑或乳化劑係長鏈一級胺、二級胺或三級胺之鹽，諸如乙酸油醯胺、乙酸十六胺、乳酸二(十二烷)胺、胺乙基-胺乙基硬脂醯胺的乙酸鹽、二月桂醯三亞乙基四胺二乙酸鹽、乙酸1-胺乙基-2-十七烯基咪唑啉；及四級鹽，諸如溴化十六烷基吡啶鎓、氯化十六烷基乙基嗎啉鎓及氯化二乙基二(十二烷基)銨。
合適的非離子界面活性劑或乳化劑之實例係高級脂肪醇與環氧乙烷之縮合產物，諸如油醇與10個環氧乙烷單元之反應產物；烷基酚與環氧乙烷之縮合產物，諸如異辛基苯酚與12個環氧乙烷單元之反應產物；高級脂肪酸醯胺與5個或更多個環氧乙烷單元之縮合產物；長鏈脂肪酸之聚乙二醇酯，諸如四甘醇單棕櫚酸酯、六甘醇單月桂酸酯、九甘醇單硬脂酸酯、九甘醇二油酸酯、十三甘醇單花生酸酯、二十三甘醇單山崳酸酯、二十三甘醇二山崳酸酯、多元醇部分高級脂肪酸酯諸如山梨糖醇酐三硬脂酸酯、多元醇部分高級脂肪酸酯及其內部酸酐(甘露醇酐，稱為甘露糖酯，及山梨糖醇酐，稱為山梨醇酐)之環氧乙
烷縮合產物，諸如甘油單棕櫚酸酯與10分子環氧乙烷反應，季戊四醇單油酸酯與12分子環氧乙烷反應，山梨糖醇單硬脂酸酯與10-15分子環氧乙烷反應，甘露糖酯單棕櫚酸酯與10-15分子環氧乙烷反應；長鏈聚乙二醇，其中一個羥基被高級脂肪酸酯化，另一個羥基被低分子醇醚化，諸如甲氧基聚乙二醇550單硬脂酸酯(550意謂聚乙二醇醚之平均分子量)。可以使用此等界面活性劑中之兩種或更多種的組合；例如，陽離子可與非離子或陰離子與非離子摻合。
泡沫控制劑可以進一步包括一種或多種添加劑。添加劑之實例包含環氧乙烷/環氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、環氧丁烷/環氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、環氧乙烷/環氧丁烷嵌段共聚物、蠟或聚矽氧類材料。
可以使用如下的Fermentest設備進行測試本發明揭示之泡沫控制劑及其他物質之功效的實驗。
用作泡沫控制劑之化學品可自陶氏化學公司(Dow chemical Company)以商標FLUENT-CANETM 149及FLUENT-CANETM 178商購獲得。2-乙基己醇(2-EH)及2-丙基庚醇(2-PH)可自西格瑪奧瑞奇(Sigma Aldrich)商購獲得。
所使用的不同菌株酵母係來自巴西當地的一家公司LNF。對於所有實驗，20重量%糖溶液使用自來水形成，以獲得20度布里度(°Bx)以及10重量%酵母(釀酒酵母之所有不同菌株，亦用自來水稀釋)。用於本研究之相同酵母(釀酒酵母)的特定不同菌株係CAT、PE2、Fermel及Fleischmann。所有酵母均係以乾燥形式獲得的，有必要將其水化。未添加任何泡沫控制化學品之空白亦作為對照操作，以便更好地進行比較以進行分析。表1提供了每個實例要使用之菌株及泡沫控制劑之清單。
將一定量(例如0.135g)的泡沫控制劑添加至300g酵母製備物及600g糖溶液之混合物中。在此實例中，相對於添加至Fermentest設備中之900g溶液的總重量，添加0.135g泡沫控制劑相當於大約150ppm的泡沫控制劑。接著將總質量轉移至圓柱形容器中，在該容器中經由多孔板注入空氣。
此後，以7.0公升/分鐘的氣流速率通過多孔板(16-40μm孔徑)，並量測泡沫達至25cm高度所需之時間。此表明與每種酵母菌株相比，泡沫行為及每種測試試劑保持泡沫高度之能力存在差異。達至泡沫高度之時間愈長，產品效能愈好。此參數在表2中表示為達至25cm之時間(T25)。
將所有酵母菌株與所有泡沫控制劑進行比較，吾等驚奇地發現，當使用2-丙基庚醇及2-乙基己醇控制由Fleischmann菌株產生之泡沫時，獲得更高的達至25cm之時間值。此種菌株係甘蔗廠主要使用的菌株之一，因為其價格比其他菌株低得多。因此，非常期望將此類泡沫控制劑用於生質酒精生產。
Claims (6)
- 一種泡沫控制劑於生質酒精醱酵加工中之用途，其中該泡沫控制劑包括包含2-乙基己醇及2-丙基庚醇中至少一者之分支醇，且其中該生質酒精醱酵加工包含Fleischmann菌株之酵母。
- 如請求項1之用途，其中該分支醇濃度按重量計在該泡沫控制劑的0.01重量%至100重量%範圍內。
- 如請求項1之用途，其中該分支醇濃度在醱酵罐中係1ppm至500000ppm。
- 一種藉由使用泡沫控制劑來控制生質酒精加工之泡沫之方法，其中該泡沫控制劑至少包括包含2-乙基己醇及2-丙基庚醇中至少一者之分支醇，其中該生質酒精加工包含Fleischmann菌株之酵母。
- 如請求項4之方法，其中添加至少一種其他泡沫控制劑或疏水材料。
- 如請求項4之方法，其中在加工生質酒精時亦加入聚矽氧或界面活性劑。
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