TWI812844B - 含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法以及裝置 - Google Patents
含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法以及裝置 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI812844B TWI812844B TW109105108A TW109105108A TWI812844B TW I812844 B TWI812844 B TW I812844B TW 109105108 A TW109105108 A TW 109105108A TW 109105108 A TW109105108 A TW 109105108A TW I812844 B TWI812844 B TW I812844B
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- water
- organic matter
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline -Isothiazolone compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dibromo-2-cyanoacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(Br)(Br)C#N UUIVKBHZENILKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940100484 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloramine Chemical compound ClN QDHHCQZDFGDHMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSCRPZUYZTWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].S(N)(O)(=O)=O Chemical compound [K].S(N)(O)(=O)=O VZSCRPZUYZTWDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCJHFOLNXNSZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].NS(O)(=O)=O Chemical compound [Na].NS(O)(=O)=O ZCJHFOLNXNSZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KHPLPBHMTCTCHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium chlorate Chemical compound N.OCl(=O)=O KHPLPBHMTCTCHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ISFLYIRWQDJPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chlorate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O ISFLYIRWQDJPDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- BEHLMOQXOSLGHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenamine sulfate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 BEHLMOQXOSLGHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YALMXYPQBUJUME-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium chlorate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]Cl(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)=O YALMXYPQBUJUME-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC(Cl)=CC1=O DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940077239 chlorous acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGJMPUGMZIKDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanoacetamide Chemical class NC(=O)CC#N DGJMPUGMZIKDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007973 cyanuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- MYMDOKBFMTVEGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylsulfamic acid Chemical compound CNS(O)(=O)=O MYMDOKBFMTVEGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hypochlorite Chemical compound [K+].Cl[O-] SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VISKNDGJUCDNMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;chlorite Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl=O VISKNDGJUCDNMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl=O UKLNMMHNWFDKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960002218 sodium chlorite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/20—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
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Abstract
含有有機物及鈣的水於生物處理裝置11中經生物處理,而有機物被分解處理,之後,於凝聚沈澱裝置12中經凝聚沈澱處理,而菌體被分離。對該凝聚沈澱處理水添加NaClO以及凝聚劑後,供給至前處理設備13,實施凝聚過濾或者膜處理。對該前處理水添加HCl以及還原劑,通水至脫碳酸塔14,進行脫碳酸處理。對脫碳酸處理水添加黏泥抑制劑後,通水至軟化器15,添加NaOH以及水垢分散劑,調整為pH值為10~10.5左右的高pH值後,通水至活性碳塔16以及RO裝置17。
Description
本發明是有關於一種含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法以及裝置。
將含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法的現有例的一例示於圖2中。含有有機物及鈣的有機系排出水於生物處理裝置1中經生物處理,而有機物被分解,繼而,於凝聚沈澱裝置2中經凝聚沈澱處理,而菌體被分離。
將該凝聚沈澱處理水供給至有機物分解設備3中,並實施生物處理及/或紫外線(Ultraviolet,UV)氧化處理,從而殘存有機物被分解。對該有機物分解處理水添加次氯酸鈉(NaClO)以及凝聚劑,於前處理裝置4中實施包含凝聚過濾處理或膜處理的前處理後,於活性碳塔5中進行活性碳過濾,繼而,於RO(逆滲透膜,reverse osmosis membrane)裝置6中進行RO處理,從而成為處理水並被回收。
於進而對各種產業用步驟中的有機系排出水的處理水(污水排放水準)進行處理而以設備用水水準再利用時,RO裝置可有效率地去除有機物、離子類,因此成為主要的回收裝置。然而,為了防止黏泥(slime)或懸浮物(suspended solids,SS)、界面活性劑等造成的RO膜的堵塞,於對RO裝置進行供水之前,需要生物處理裝置或UV氧化裝置、凝聚過濾裝置、活性碳塔等前處理設備。另外,多為如下情況:有機系排出水中除了含有步驟排出水以外,亦含有經由洗滌器(scrubber)排出水等而源自過濾水的鈣(Ca)。於RO供給水的Ca濃度高時,若提高RO供給水的pH值,則會產生鈣垢,因此無法提高RO供給水的pH值。
因此,若欲將含有有機物及鈣的水回收為設備用水等,則如圖2般,需要大量的設備,需要寬大的設置空間。
因此,若考慮到回收設備的初期投資及運轉維持管理成本、處理空間等,則無法享有回收帶來的經濟優點,實際上多為不被採用的案例(case)。
於專利文獻1中,記載有:使含有有機物及鈣的水依次通水至活性碳塔、軟化塔、RO裝置並進行處理。
[現有技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]國際公開WO2010/098158號公報
[發明所欲解決之課題]
本發明的目的在於:於利用RO裝置對含有有機物及鈣的水進行處理的方法以及裝置中,有效地防止RO膜的堵塞。
[解決課題之手段]
本發明的含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法的特徵在於:對含有有機物及鈣的水利用脫碳酸裝置及軟化器進行處理後,於鹼條件下進行逆滲透膜處理。
本發明的含有有機物及鈣的水的處理裝置包括:依次通入含有有機物及鈣的水的脫碳酸裝置、軟化器及逆滲透膜裝置;以及對向該逆滲透膜裝置的供給水添加鹼的鹼添加部件。
於本發明的一態樣中,對利用所述軟化器進行處理後的水進行活性碳處理後,進行所述逆滲透膜處理。
於本發明的一態樣中,對所述含有有機物及鈣的水進行生物處理後,進行凝聚沈澱處理,繼而,進行凝聚過濾處理或膜處理後,供給至所述脫碳酸裝置。
[發明的效果]
通常,於對有機系排出水的處理水(污水排放水準的有機物濃度)直接應用RO裝置的情況下,因有機物而RO膜於短時間內堵塞的可能性高。於本發明中,藉由將RO供給水的pH值高地控制為例如10~10.5左右,可抑制RO裝置中的活菌的繁殖,從而防止RO膜的堵塞。
以下,參照圖式對實施形態進行說明。
於所述實施形態中,對作為有機系排出水(含有有機物及鈣的水)的食品工廠排出水、化學工業排出水、電子製造步驟排出水等進行處理。該排出水中的鈣濃度通常為2 mg/L~100 mg/L、尤其為5 mg/L~20 mg/L,總有機碳(Total Organic Carbon,TOC)濃度通常為5 mg/L~500 mg/L、尤其為10 mg/L~100 mg/L左右。其中,排出水的種類以及鈣濃度、TOC濃度並不限定於此。
如圖1般,有機系排出水於生物處理裝置11中經生物處理,而有機物被分解處理,之後,於凝聚沈澱裝置12中經凝聚沈澱處理,而菌體被分離。對該凝聚沈澱處理水添加NaClO以及凝聚劑後,供給至前處理設備13,實施凝聚過濾處理或者膜處理(利用微濾(microfiltration,MF)膜等進行的膜過濾處理)。對該前處理水添加鹽酸(HCl)以及還原劑,調整為pH值為4.5~6.0、尤其為5.0~5.5的酸性後,通水至脫碳酸塔14,進行脫碳酸處理。
對該脫碳酸處理水添加黏泥抑制劑後,通水至軟化器15,進行軟化處理。對該軟化處理水添加氫氧化鈉(NaOH)以及水垢分散劑,調整為pH值為9~11、尤其為10~10.5左右的高pH值後,通水至活性碳塔16,去除界面活性劑或過氧化氫(H2
O2
)等氧化劑。繼而,通水至RO裝置17,並將RO透過水作為處理水回收至設備用水槽(省略圖示)等中。RO裝置17亦可串聯地設置為兩段。
再者,向脫碳酸塔14的供給水的有機物濃度(TOC)較佳為2 mg/L~50 mg/L、尤佳為2 mg/L~25 mg/L左右,鈣濃度較佳為2 mg/L~100 mg/L、尤佳為5 mg/L~20 mg/L左右。作為向脫碳酸塔14的供給水,可例示於對排出水進行生物處理後,進行凝聚沈澱或加壓浮起處理、進而進行過濾處理而成的水,此外亦可例示對冷卻塔噴出水進行除濁處理而成的水。
如上所述,有機系排出水含有鈣,並且自生物處理裝置11產生高濃度的無機碳酸,因此若提高RO供給水的pH值,則因碳酸鈣(CaCO3
)水垢而使RO膜堵塞。為了防止該情況,於該實施形態中,在RO裝置17的前段設置脫碳酸塔14及軟化器15。
另外,亦將用於去除界面活性劑或H2
O2
等氧化劑的活性碳塔16的供給水設為高pH值,從而防止有機物所致的堵塞。
若亦將向軟化器15的供給水設為高pH值範圍,則有如下擔憂:因Ca濃縮而於陽離子樹脂表面產生CaCO3
水垢並發生堵塞,因此理想的是將軟化器15設置於活性碳塔16的前段,並將向軟化器15的供給水管理為中性範圍。
於本發明中,在將RO裝置串聯地設置為兩段的情況下,較佳為以第一段RO鹵水(brine)(濃縮水)的TOC為100 μg/L以下的方式進行設置。再者,即便於排出水中含有氟,若為50 μg/L以下,則藉由軟化器以及水垢分散劑的效果亦可提前預防氟化鈣(CaF2
)水垢,從而穩定地回收排出水。
根據該圖1的流程,不需要圖2的流程中所需的有機物分解設備3(生物處理或UV氧化裝置等),因此可大幅降低裝置的初期投資額、所需空間以及運轉成本。
於本發明中,Ca被設置於RO裝置17的前段的軟化器15去除,因此即便提高RO供給水的pH值,亦可抑制CaCO3
水垢的產生。認為因自軟化器15洩漏的微量的Ca及排出水中所含的無機碳(inorganic carbon,IC),而有Ca及IC於RO裝置17的鹵水側濃縮並析出的風險,但藉由利用脫碳酸塔14將IC去除以及對軟化器15的處理水注入水垢分散劑,可防止RO鹵水側的鈣垢析出。
於本發明中,作為黏泥控制劑,適宜為有機系黏泥控制劑(5-氯-2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮、或2-甲基-4-異噻唑啉-3-酮等異噻唑酮化合物、2,2-二溴-3-次氮基丙醯胺等鹵代氰基乙醯胺化合物),此外,亦適宜包括所述專利文獻1中所記載的包含氯系氧化劑與胺基磺酸化合物的鍵結氯劑。
作為該氯系氧化劑,例如可列舉:氯氣、二氧化氯、次氯酸或其鹽、亞氯酸或其鹽、氯酸或其鹽、過氯酸或其鹽、氯化異氰脲酸或其鹽等。該些中,作為鹽形物質的具體例,可列舉:次氯酸鈉、次氯酸鉀等次氯酸鹼金屬鹽,亞氯酸鈉、亞氯酸鉀等亞氯酸鹼金屬鹽,氯酸銨、氯酸鈉、氯酸鉀等氯酸鹼金屬鹽,氯酸鈣、氯酸鋇等氯酸鹼土類金屬鹽等。該些氯系氧化劑可單獨使用一種,亦可將兩種以上組合使用。該些中,次氯酸鹽容易進行操作,因此可適宜地使用。
作為胺基磺酸化合物,除了胺基磺酸以外,亦可列舉:N-甲基胺基磺酸、N,N-二甲基胺基磺酸、N-苯基胺基磺酸等。作為胺基磺酸化合物的鹽,例如可列舉:鈉鹽、鉀鹽等鹼金屬鹽、銨鹽及胍鹽等,具體而言,可列舉:胺基磺酸鈉、胺基磺酸鉀等。胺基磺酸及該些胺基磺酸鹽可單獨使用一種,亦可將兩種以上組合使用。
若混合次氯酸鹽等氯系氧化劑與胺基磺酸鹽等胺基磺酸化合物,則該些進行鍵結,形成氯胺基磺酸鹽而穩定化,不會產生先前的氯胺般的pH值所引起的解離性的差異、由此引起的游離氯濃度的變動,可於水中保持穩定的游離氯濃度。
氯系氧化劑與胺基磺酸化合物的比例並無特別限制,相對於氯系氧化劑的有效氯1莫耳,較佳為將胺基磺酸化合物設為0.5莫耳~5.0莫耳,更佳為設為0.5莫耳~2.0莫耳。
於所述實施形態中,使用脫碳酸塔作為脫碳酸裝置,除了脫碳酸塔以外,亦可使用真空脫氣裝置、膜脫氣裝置等各種裝置。
再者,可將脫碳酸塔串聯地設置為兩段。另外,亦可進行使來自脫碳酸塔的脫碳酸處理水的一部分返回至脫碳酸塔的入口側的循環處理。亦可並聯設置多台該循環處理方式的脫碳酸塔。亦可使用以如下方式構成的高效率脫碳酸塔:於脫碳酸塔內設置第一填充床以及第二填充床,對第一填充床供給脫碳酸塔供給水,對第二填充床供給脫碳酸處理水。
雖使用特定的態樣對本發明進行了詳細說明,但對本領域技術人員而言明確的是可不脫離本發明的意圖與範圍地進行各種變更。
本申請案基於2019年3月26日提出申請的日本專利申請案2019-058874,並藉由引用而援用其全部內容。
1、11:生物處理裝置
2、12:凝聚沈澱裝置
3:有機物分解設備
4:前處理裝置
5、16:活性碳塔
6、17:RO裝置
13:前處理設備
14:脫碳酸塔
15:軟化器
圖1是實施形態的含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法以及裝置的構成圖。
圖2是現有例的含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法以及裝置的構成圖。
11:生物處理裝置
12:凝聚沈澱裝置
13:前處理設備
14:脫碳酸塔
15:軟化器
16:活性碳塔
17:RO裝置
Claims (6)
- 一種含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法,其特徵在於:對含有有機物及鈣的水進行生物處理後,利用脫碳酸裝置進行脫碳酸處理,利用軟化器對脫碳酸處理水進行軟化處理,將軟化處理水於鹼條件下進行逆滲透膜處理。
- 如請求項1所述的含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法,其中,對利用所述軟化器進行處理後的水進行活性碳處理後,進行所述逆滲透膜處理。
- 如請求項1或請求項2所述的含有有機物及鈣的水的處理方法,其中,對所述含有有機物及鈣的水進行所述生物處理後,進行凝聚沈澱處理,繼而,進行凝聚過濾處理或膜處理後,供給至所述脫碳酸裝置。
- 一種含有有機物及鈣的水的處理裝置,包括:依次通入含有有機物及鈣的水的脫碳酸裝置、軟化器及逆滲透膜裝置;以及對向所述逆滲透膜裝置的供給水添加鹼的鹼添加部件,在所述脫碳酸裝置的前段設置有通入所述含有有機物及鈣的水的生物處理裝置。
- 如請求項4所述的含有有機物及鈣的水的處理裝置,其中,於所述軟化器與逆滲透膜裝置之間設置有活性碳塔,所述軟化器的處理水經由所述活性碳塔而被供給至所述逆滲透膜裝置。
- 如請求項4或請求項5所述的含有有機物及鈣的水的處理裝置,其中,於所述脫碳酸裝置的前段,設置有依次通入所述含有有機物及鈣的水的所述生物處理裝置、凝聚沈澱裝置、凝聚過濾裝置或膜處理裝置,所述膜處理裝置的處理水被供給至所述脫碳酸裝置。
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JPS62204892A (ja) * | 1986-03-06 | 1987-09-09 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | 脱塩方法 |
JP2012196588A (ja) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | 水処理方法及び超純水製造方法 |
JP2014100691A (ja) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-06-05 | Nomura Micro Sci Co Ltd | 純水製造方法及び純水製造システム |
JP2014168743A (ja) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-09-18 | Nomura Micro Sci Co Ltd | 純水製造方法 |
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JPS62204892A (ja) * | 1986-03-06 | 1987-09-09 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | 脱塩方法 |
JP2012196588A (ja) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | 水処理方法及び超純水製造方法 |
JP2014100691A (ja) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-06-05 | Nomura Micro Sci Co Ltd | 純水製造方法及び純水製造システム |
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