TWI746582B - 由親水性熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物所製成的物件及其製造方法 - Google Patents
由親水性熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物所製成的物件及其製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI746582B TWI746582B TW106120918A TW106120918A TWI746582B TW I746582 B TWI746582 B TW I746582B TW 106120918 A TW106120918 A TW 106120918A TW 106120918 A TW106120918 A TW 106120918A TW I746582 B TWI746582 B TW I746582B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- thermoplastic polyurethane
- component
- astm
- hydroxyl
- polyurethane composition
- Prior art date
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- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- -1 aliphatic isocyanate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 37
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000000937 dynamic scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 7
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical class NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005059 1,4-Cyclohexyldiisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCO SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920009204 Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical class [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1CCC(CO)CC1 YIMQCDZDWXUDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- CKFGINPQOCXMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediol Chemical compound OCO CKFGINPQOCXMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N methyl (2s)-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@H](N=C=O)CCCCN=C=O AYLRODJJLADBOB-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1NC2 QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diisocyanatopentane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCN=C=O DFPJRUKWEPYFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043375 1,5-pentanediol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MTESLZSYWNGDFS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2,4-dioxopentanoate;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].CC(=O)CC(=O)C([O-])=O.CC(=O)CC(=O)C([O-])=O MTESLZSYWNGDFS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YZGMIRBFYCQNRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCC1=C(O)C=CC=C1O YZGMIRBFYCQNRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIFFAEJYCUTZAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-propylphenoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 YIFFAEJYCUTZAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JRQLZCFSWYQHPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dichloro-2-cyclohexyl-1,2-thiazol-3-one Chemical compound O=C1C(Cl)=C(Cl)SN1C1CCCCC1 JRQLZCFSWYQHPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LKAVYBZHOYOUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.CC(=C)C(O)=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 LKAVYBZHOYOUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVYARBLCAHCSFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCCC(N)N QVYARBLCAHCSFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHVOFPQVUVXHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C AHVOFPQVUVXHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010097 foam moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003709 heart valve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- MHIBEGOZTWERHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)O MHIBEGOZTWERHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010103 injection stretch blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- KQDIGHIVUUADBZ-PEDHHIEDSA-N pentigetide Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O KQDIGHIVUUADBZ-PEDHHIEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003003 phosphines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4833—Polyethers containing oxyethylene units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0895—Manufacture of polymers by continuous processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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Abstract
一種藉由射出成型所製備的物件,其中該物件係由親水性熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物所形成,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物包含羥基封端多元醇中間物成分、脂肪族異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分之反應產物。用於射出成型的親水性熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯具有藉由動態掃描熱量法所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。
Description
本發明係關於使用親水性熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物所製成的物件。該物件係藉由射出成型或3D列印所製成。
雖然由脂肪族異氰酸酯所製成的親水性熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯(TPU)用於多種物件呈現出有益的性質,但由此種TPU材料製造物件的製造方法仍受到一些限制。尤其是,基於脂肪族異氰酸酯的親水性TPU組成物無法使用於某些用途,因為此材料需要長的加工時間,其在商業上無法接受。例如,在射出成型的應用中,或諸如熔合沉積塑造(fused deposition modeling)的3D列印應用中,TPU材料在能被操控前必須充分地調整(set up)。基於脂肪族異氰酸酯的親水性TPU有較長的循環時間,因為其一般在低溫下結晶或完全不結晶,因此調整較慢,導致在物件從模具能被射出之前或在列印後能被操控之前有較長的時間週期。由於較長的加工時間,使用這些材料藉由射出成型或3D列印來製造物件在商業上並不可行。因此,對於能在模具中快速地調整以藉由射出成型或3D列印來製造物件之基於脂肪族異氰酸酯的親水性TPU,存在有需求。
本發明係關於由親水性熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯(TPU)藉由射出成型或3D列印所製成的物件,及製造此物件的方法。
在本發明一具體實施例中,射出成型的物件包含TPU組成物,其中該TPU組成物包含羥基封端多元醇中間物成分、其包含脂肪族二異氰酸酯的異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑之反應產物,其中該TPU組成物具有藉由動態掃描熱量法(DSC)所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。在一具體實施例中,該TPU組成物包含10重量%至約50重量%的硬鏈段。在一具體實施例中,該TPU組成物具有依ASTM D570測量方法所測量之至少100%的水吸附範圍。在一些具體實施例中,存在鏈延長劑,其包含1,4-丁二醇。在一些具體實施例中,羥基封端多元醇中間物包含聚(乙二醇)。
在另一具體實施例中,射出成型的物件包含TPU組成物,其中該TPU組成物包含羥基封端多元醇中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及鏈延長劑成分的反應產物,其中該羥基封端多元醇中間物成分包含聚(乙二醇),該異氰酸酯成分包含六亞甲基二異氰酸酯,其中該異氰酸酯成分與該鏈延長劑成分構成該TPU組成物的硬鏈段,其中該TPU組成物包含10重量%至約30重量%的硬鏈段 ,其中該TPU組成物具有依ASTM D570測量方法所測量之至少100%的水吸附範圍,且其中該TPU組成物具有藉由DSC所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。在一此具體實施例中,該羥基封端多元醇中間物成分本質上由聚(乙二醇)所組成。該異氰酸酯成分可由或本質上由六亞甲基二異氰酸酯所組成。
本發明之另一具體實施例包含一種製造射出成型的物件,其包含製備如在此所述的TPU組成物,其中熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物具有藉由DSC所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度;加熱該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物至160℃至190℃的溫度,以熔化該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物;將該熔化的熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物注入模具中;及冷卻該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物,以形成物件。
本發明之另一具體實施例包含TPU組成物的用途,其係用於藉由射出成型以形成物件,其中該TPU組成物包含羥基封端中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分的反應產物,其中該羥官能基中間物成分包含聚(乙二醇),該異氰酸酯成分包含六亞甲基二異氰酸酯。在一此具體實施例中,存在該鏈延長劑成分,其包含1,4-丁二醇。
在本發明之一具體實施例中,3D列印的物件包含TPU組成物,其中該TPU組成物包含羥基封端多元醇中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑的反應產物,其中該異氰酸酯成分包含脂肪族二異氰酸酯,其中該TPU組成物具有藉由動態掃描熱量法(DSC) 所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。在一具體實施例中,該TPU組成物包含10重量%至約50重量%的硬鏈段。在一具體實施例中,該TPU組成物具有依ASTM D570測量方法所測量之至少100%的水吸附範圍。在一些具體實施例中,存在鏈延長劑,其包含1,4-丁二醇。在一些具體實施例中,羥基封端多元醇中間物包含聚(乙二醇)。
在另一具體實施例中,3D列印的物件包含TPU組成物,其中該TPU組成物包含羥基封端多元醇中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及鏈延長劑成分的反應產物,其中該羥基封端多元醇中間物成分包含聚(乙二醇),該異氰酸酯成分包含六亞甲基二異氰酸酯,其中該異氰酸酯成分與該鏈延長劑成分構成該TPU組成物的硬鏈段,其中該TPU組成物包含10重量%至約30重量%的硬鏈段,其中該TPU組成物具有依ASTM D570測量方法所測量之至少100%的水吸附範圍,且其中該TPU組成物具有藉由DSC所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。在一此具體實施例中,該羥基封端多元醇中間物成分本質上由聚(乙二醇)所組成。該異氰酸酯成分可由或本質上由六亞甲基二異氰酸酯所組成。
本發明之另一具體實施例包含一種製造3D列印的物件之方法,其包含操作一系統,以固態自由形式製造(solid freeform fabrication)一物體,其中該系統包含固態自由形式製造設備,其以經控制的方式沉積建構材料小珠,以形成三維物件,其中建構材料包含TPU組成物,其中該TPU組成物包含羥基封端多元醇中間物 成分、異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑的反應產物,其中該異氰酸酯成分包含脂肪族二異氰酸酯,其中該TPU組成物具有藉由動態掃描熱量法(DSC)所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。
本發明之另一具體實施例包含TPU組成物的用途,其係用於在固態自由形式製造設備中,藉由熔合沉積塑造以形成物件,其中該TPU組成物包含羥基封端中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性鏈延長劑成分的反應產物,其中該羥官能基中間物成分包含聚(乙二醇),該異氰酸酯成分包含六亞甲基二異氰酸酯。在一此具體實施例中,存在該鏈延長劑,其包含1,4-丁二醇。
依據本發明之射出成型或3D列印的物件係使用TPU組成物所製成,該TPU組成物包含羥基封端中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分的反應產物,其中該異氰酸酯成分包含脂肪族二異氰酸酯。在本發明之一態樣中,該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物具有藉由DSC所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度,以有效率地使該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物被射出成型或用於固態自由形式製造系統(3D列印)中。本發明之TPU組成物亦可具有依ASTM D570所測量之至少100%的水吸附範圍。該TPU組成物亦可具有10重量%至50重量%的硬鏈段(定義為單獨異氰酸酯的量,或異氰酸酯與鏈延長劑之組 合的量),例如13重量%至30重量%。
在此所述的TPU組成物係使用羥基封端多元醇中間物所製成。多元醇包含聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚矽氧烷多元醇、及其組合。
在一有用的具體實施例中,羥基封端多元醇中間物包含聚醚多元醇中間物。羥基封端聚羥中間物包含衍生自具有總共2至15個碳原子的二醇或多元醇之聚醚多元醇,在一些具體實施例中,包含烷基二醇或雙醇,其與包括具有2至6個碳原子的環氧烷(典型係環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷或其混合物)之醚反應。例如,羥官能基聚羥可藉由首先將丙二醇與環氧丙烷反應,繼而後續與環氧乙烷反應而製造。產生自環氧乙烷的一級羥基比二級羥基有更高的反應性,因而較佳。有用的商業聚醚多元醇包含:包括環氧乙烷與乙二醇反應的聚(乙二醇)、包括環氧丙烷與丙二醇反應的聚(丙二醇)、包括水與四氫呋喃反應的聚(四亞甲基醚二醇),其亦可敘述為聚合的四氫呋喃,通常稱為PTMEG。聚醚多元醇亦包含環氧烷的聚醯胺加成物,可包含例如:包括乙二胺與環氧丙烷之反應產物之乙二胺加成物、包括二乙三胺與環氧丙烷之反應產物之二乙三胺加成物、及類似的聚醯胺型聚醚多元醇。亦可使用共聚醚於所述的組成物中。典型的共聚醚包含THF與環氧乙烷或THF與環氧丙烷之反應產物。這些可獲自BASF之PolyTHF® B(嵌段共聚物)及PolyTHF® R(隨機共聚物)。多種聚醚中間物一般具有藉由分析末端 官能基所測定的數量平均分子量(Mn)大於約700,諸如約700至約10,000,或約1,000至約8,000,或約1,400至約8,000。
在一些具體實施例中,使用於製造本發明TPU組成物之羥基封端多元醇中間物包含具有Mn約1,000至約10,000的聚(乙二醇)。在一些具體實施例中,羥基封端多元醇中間物本質上係由具有Mn約1,000至約10,000的聚(乙二醇)所組成。在一些具體實施例中,羥基封端多元醇中間物係由具有Mn約1,000至約10,000的聚(乙二醇)所組成。
在此所述的TPU組成物係使用a)聚異氰酸酯成分製成。尤其是,於本發明中有用的聚異氰酸酯成分係脂肪族二異氰酸酯。脂肪族聚異氰酸酯的實施例包括異佛酮二異氰酸酯(IPDI)、1,4-環己基二異氰酸酯(CHDI)、癸烷-1,10-二異氰酸酯、離胺酸二異氰酸酯(LDI)、1,4-丁烷二異氰酸酯(BDI)、1,5-戊烷二異氰酸酯(PDI)、氫化二甲苯二異氰酸酯(HXDI)、異佛酮二異氰酸酯、六亞甲基二異氰酸酯(HDI)、及二環己基甲烷-4,4’-二異氰酸酯(H12MDI)。可使用兩種或更多種聚異氰酸酯的混合物。
在本發明之任何具體實施例中,聚異氰酸酯成分可由或本質上由六亞甲基二異氰酸酯所組成。
在此所述的TPU組成物選擇性地可使用鏈延 長劑成分製成。鏈延長劑包含二醇、二胺、及其組合。
適合的鏈延長劑包含相對小的多羥基化合物,例如具有2至20個、或2至12個、或2至10個碳原子的低碳脂肪族或短鏈二醇。適合的實施例包含乙二醇、二乙二醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、1,6-己二醇(HDO)、1,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、新戊二醇、1,4-環己烷二甲醇(CHDM)、2,2-貳[4-(2-羥基乙氧基)苯基]丙烷(HEPP)、六亞甲基二醇、庚二醇、壬二醇、十二烷二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、乙二胺、丁二胺、六亞甲基二胺、羥基乙基間苯二酚(HER)、及其類似物、及其混合物。在一些具體實施例中,鏈延長劑包含BDO、HDO、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、或其組合。在一些具體實施例中,鏈延長劑包含BDO。可使用諸如芳香族二醇的其它二醇,但在一些具體實施例中,在此所述的TPU本質上無或甚至完全無此材料。
鏈延長劑若存在,則可組合異氰酸酯成分,以形成熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物之已知的「硬鏈段」。若不存在鏈延長劑,則僅由異氰酸酯成分形成「硬鏈段」。在一些具體實施例中,本發明的TPU組成物包含至少10重量%的硬鏈段。在另一具體實施例中,本發明的TPU組成物包含10重量%至50重量%的硬鏈段。在另一具體實施例中,本發明的TPU組成物包含10重量%至50重量%的硬鏈段,並具有藉由DSC所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。在一具體實施例中,TPU組成物包含10重量%至30重量%的硬鏈段,並具有依ASTM D570所測量之至少 100%的水吸附範圍。在另一具體實施例中,TPU組成物包含10重量%至30重量%的硬鏈段,並具有依ASTM D570所測量之至少100%的水吸附範圍,且具有藉由DSC所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。在另一具體實施例中,TPU組成物包含至少13重量%的硬鏈段,並具有依ASTM D570所測量之至少100%的水吸附範圍,且具有藉由DSC所測量之至少75℃的結晶溫度。
為了製備熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物,三個反應物(多元醇中間物、異氰酸酯、及鏈延長劑)可一起反應,以形成用於本發明之TPU。可使用反應此三個反應物的任何已知的方法,以製造TPU。在一具體實施例中,該方法係所謂的「單次」(one-shot)方法,其中所有三個反應物被加入至擠壓器反應器,並進行反應。二異氰酸酯的當量數相對於含羥基成分(即多元醇中間物及鏈延長劑二醇)的總當量數,可係約0.95至約1.10、或約0.96至約1.02、甚至約0.97至約1.005。使用胺甲酸酯觸媒的反應溫度可係約175至約245℃,在另一具體實施例中,係180至220℃。
亦可使用預聚合物方法製備TPU。在預聚合物方法路徑中,多元醇中間物一般與當量過量的一或多種二異氰酸酯反應,以形成其中具有自由或未反應的二異氰酸酯之預聚合物溶液。反應一般在約80至約220℃、或約150至約200℃的溫度下及適合的胺甲酸酯觸媒存在下進行。隨後,以一般相等於異氰酸酯端基及任何自由或未反應的二異氰酸酯化合物的當量數,添加上述的鏈 延長劑。因此,全部二異氰酸酯相對於多元醇中間物與鏈延長劑之總當量的整體當量比例,係約0.95至約1.10、或約0.96至約1.02、甚至約0.97至約1.05。鏈延長反應的溫度一般約180至約250℃、或約200至約240℃。一般而言,預聚合物方法可在包括擠壓器的任何習知裝置中進行。在此具體實施例中,多元醇中間物與當量過量的二異氰酸酯在擠壓器的第一部分進行反應,以形成預聚合物溶液,隨後在下游部分添加鏈延長劑,以與預聚合物溶液反應。可使用任何習知的擠壓器,包括配備有長度對直徑比例為至少20、在一些具體實施例中為至少25之屏障型螺桿(barrier screw)的擠壓器。
在一具體實施例中,在其進料端及模具端之間具有多個加熱區域與多個進料口的單或雙螺桿的擠壓器中混合各成分。可在一或多個進料口添加各成分,且從擠壓器模具端出來之所產生的TPU組成物可被粒化。
由於如上述,依據一般可使用任何類型的聚胺甲酸酯之習知程序及方法的各種聚胺甲酸酯之製備、其各種特定成分之量、各種反應物比例、製程溫度、其觸媒之量、諸如各種類型擠壓器之聚合設備等,皆一般為習知,且在該技術及文獻中已知。
製備本發明之TPU之上述方法包括「預聚合物」方法及「單次」方法兩者,而可為批次或連續方式。即,在一些具體實施例中,在「單次」聚合方法中可將各成分一起反應來製備TPU,其中包括反應物的所有成分同時一起或實質上同時被添加至加熱的擠壓器,並 進行反應,以形成TPU。另外,在其它具體實施例中,可先將聚異氰酸酯成分與多元醇成分的某部分反應,形成預聚合物,然後將預聚合物與剩餘的反應物反應,以完成反應產生TPU,而製造TPU。
組成物在從擠壓器出來之後,通常被粒化,而儲存在防潮包裝中,最終以粒狀形式銷售。可瞭解:組成物並非總是需要粒化,而可直接從反應擠壓器中擠壓出來,通過模具,而形成最終產品外形。
在聚合反應期間,可存在一或更多種聚合觸媒。一般可使用任何習知觸媒,使二異氰酸酯與多元醇中間物或鏈延長劑反應。適合的觸媒的實施例,尤其是加速二異氰酸酯的NCO基與多元醇及鏈延長劑之羥基之間的反應者,係先前技術中已知的習知三級胺,例如:三乙胺、二甲基環己胺、N-甲基啉、N,N’-二甲基哌、2-(二甲基胺基乙氧基)乙醇、二氮雙環[2.2.2]辛烷、及類似物,亦特別是有機金屬化合物,諸如鈦酯、鐵化合物,例如乙醯基丙酮酸鐵、錫化合物,例如二醋酸亞錫、二辛酸亞錫、二月桂酸亞錫、或脂肪族羧酸的二烷基錫鹽,例如二醋酸二丁錫、二月桂酸二丁錫、或類似物。觸媒通常所使用的量係對每100重量份之多羥基化合物(b)為0.0001至0.1重量份。
在聚合反應期間,可存在各種類型之選擇性成分,及/或其可併入上述之TPU彈性體,以改良加工或其它性質。這些添加劑包括但不限於抗氧化劑,諸如酚 型、有機亞磷酸鹽、膦及亞膦酸鹽(phosphonites)、位阻胺、有機胺、有機硫化合物、內酯及羥基胺化合物、殺生物劑、殺黴菌劑、抗微生物劑、增容劑、電消散劑或抗靜電添加劑、填料及強化劑,諸如二氧化鈦、氧化鋁、黏土及碳黑、阻燃劑,諸如磷酸鹽、鹵化材料、及苯磺酸烷酯之金屬鹽、衝擊改質劑,諸如甲基丙烯酸酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯(「MBS」)及甲基丙烯酸甲酯丙烯酸丁酯(「MBA」)、脫模劑,諸如蠟、脂肪及油、顏料及著色劑、塑化劑、聚合物、流變改質劑,諸如單胺、聚醯胺蠟、聚矽氧、及聚矽氧烷、滑動添加劑,諸如石蠟、烴聚烯烴及/或氟化聚烯烴、及UV安定劑,其可為位阻胺光安定劑(HALS)及/或UV光吸收劑(UVA)型。可使用其它的添加劑,以加強TPU組成物或摻合產物的性能。上述所有添加劑可以這些物質慣用的有效量使用。
這些額外的添加劑可在製備TPU樹脂時或製造TPU樹脂之後,併入反應混合物的成分中或反應混合物中。在另一方法中,所有材料可與TPU樹脂混合,然後熔化,或者其可直接併入TPU樹脂的熔融物中。
在一具體實施例中,可將脫模劑加入在此所述的TPU中及/或模中,以降低模具與TPU之間的黏著性。關於脫模劑,可以使用慣用的物質,例如在「Kunststoffhandbuch,volume 7,Polyurethane」,Carl Hanser Verlag,第3版,1993年,第3.4.9章所述。特別較佳為使用蠟、脂肪及/或油作為脫模劑。
上述所有添加劑可以這些物質慣用的有效量 使用。這些額外的添加劑可在製備TPU組成物時或製造TPU組成物之後,併入反應混合物的成分中或反應混合物中。在另一方法中,所有材料可與TPU組成物混合,然後熔化,或者其可直接併入TPU組成物的熔融物中。
在此所述的TPU組成物可以包含反應下列成分之步驟的方法而製備:在此所述的異氰酸酯成分、在此所述的羥基封端多元醇成分、及選擇性之在此所述的鏈延長劑成分,其中反應係在觸媒存在下進行,且其中該觸媒包含一或多種選自錫或鐵化合物之化合物,以產生熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物。
該方法可進一步包含下列步驟:將TPU組成物與一或更多種摻合成分混合,其包含一或更多種額外TPU材料及/或聚合物,包含上述任何者。
該方法可進一步包含下列步驟:將TPU組成物與一或更多種上述額外添加劑混合之步驟。
該方法可進一步包含下列步驟:將TPU組成物與一或更多種摻合成分混合之步驟(I),該摻合成分包含有包刮上述任何者之一或更多種額外TPU材料及/或聚合物;及/或將步驟(I)的TPU組成物與一或更多種上述額外添加劑混合之步驟。
本發明之組成物或其任何摻合物亦可使用於以任何模造方法製備本發明之模造產品。模造方法已為所屬技術領域具有通常知識者所熟知,包括但不限於鑄塑、冷形成合模成型(cold forming matched-die molding)、壓縮成型、發泡成型、射出成型、氣體輔助射出成型 、外形共擠壓、外形擠壓、旋轉成型、板材擠壓、凝塑成型(slush molding)、噴塗技術、熱成型、轉移成型、真空形成、濕積層或接觸成型、吹氣成型、擠壓吹氣成型、射出吹氣成型、及射出拉伸吹氣成型,或其組合。
本發明之TPU組成物未預期地可使用於射出成型方法。在射出成型方法中,模造物件可藉由將熔融的聚合物射入模具中,該模具將熔融的聚合物塑型,並凝固成模造物件想要的幾何形狀及厚度而製造。射出成型方法的一實施例敘述如下:將成型的積層物置於射出成型用具中,將模閉合,將本發明之TPU組成物熔化並射入模具中。可將TPU組成物加熱至約160℃至約190℃的溫度,以熔化TPU組成物。可將該熔化的TPU組成物以2至10秒的射出速率射入模具中。在射入之後,將材料壓實或保持在預定的時間及壓力下,以使得物件獲致正確的尺寸及美觀。典型的總共成型循環時間約20至約70秒,壓力為1,380至10,400kPa。將模具冷卻至10℃至70℃之間,以冷卻基板。溫度將取決於所要的光澤及外觀。典型的冷卻時間為10至40秒,例如10至30秒,其取決於物件的厚度。最後,打開模具,射出成型的複合物件。
本發明之TPU組成物無法預期地可使用於3D列印系統(固態自由形式製造)中,尤其是熔合沉積塑造系統。在此所述的TPU組成物非常適合用於使用熔合沉積塑造系統有效地製造物件。各類型的固態自由形式製造系統及設備在所屬技術中為已知。本發明之TPU組成物能被使用於各類型的固態自由形式製造系統及設備。 例如,在一具體實施例中,熔合沉積塑造系統包含藉由加熱建構材料至半液態並將其依電腦控制路徑擠壓,而逐層建構組件的系統。可將材料從分配器以材料的半連續流及/或絲配送,或者將其以個別的滴狀物或珠狀物配送。熔合沉積塑造有時可使用兩種不同的材料來建構物體。塑造材料,諸如在此所述的TPU組成物,可用於該物件。塑造材料可沉積在支撐材料上,該支撐材料可作用為該塑造材料的「搭架」(scaffolding)。在一具體實施例中,材料絲可從系統材料儲存處被進料至列印頭,該列印頭以二維平面移動,在基座沿第三軸移動至新的一層及/或平面之前沉積材料以完成每一層,然後開始下一層。一旦系統完成建構,使用者可移去支撐材料或甚至將其溶掉,留下完成的物件。在一具體實施例中,熔合沉積塑造設備以經控制的方式,沉積在此所述的TPU組成物的小珠,以形成3D列印的物件。
本發明之TPU組成物及其任何摻合物亦可形成單層或多層膜,包括可透氣的膜。這些膜可以所屬技術中已知的任何習知技術所形成,包括擠壓、共擠壓、擠壓塗覆、積層、吹氣及鑄製,或其組合。該膜可藉由平膜方法或管狀方法,接著在單一方向定向,或在膜的平面中的兩個互相垂直的方向定向而獲得。一或更多層膜可在橫向及/或縱向中定向至相同或不同的程度。此定向可在個別層被帶到一起之前或之後發生。典型地,該等膜在機器方向(MD)以最大15,較佳為5至7之間之比例,在橫向方向(TD)以最大15,較佳為5至9之間之比例而 定向。然而,在另一具體實施例中,該膜以在MD及TD兩者方向上相同的程度定向。
在此所述的TPU組成物可用於寬廣種類的射出成型的物件,其中脂肪族TPU組成物及/或親水性TPU的性質係想要的。有用的應用之一些實施例包括但不限於運動及娛樂設備、鞋類,例如鞋內底及外底、醫療裝置,例如可植入裝置,包括節律器導線、人工心臟、心臟瓣膜、支架包覆物、人工肌腱、動脈、靜脈、含醫藥活性劑的膜、血袋、腸造口袋(ostomy bags)、IV袋、及類似物。使用本發明之TPU組成物之射出成型的物件亦可包含醫療管線及膜。在此所述的TPU組成物可使物件防水、透氣、或兩者兼具。
本發明之TPU組成物亦可使用於諸如藉由電紡絲(electrospinning)、力紡絲(force spinning)、或甚至擠壓紡絲之絲或纖維。
使用所列的多元醇及異氰酸酯與1,4-丁二醇鏈延長劑,製造熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物。異氰酸酯成分及鏈延長劑成分構成硬鏈段。
表1例示HDI與聚乙二醇之組合在至少10重量%硬鏈段時,產生的TPU組成物具有用於有效率之射出成型方法所必要的結晶溫度。實施例B1、C1、D1、E1及F1為本發明實施例,而A1、A2、B2、C2、D2、E2及F2為比較例。較低的結晶溫度意謂著TPU組成物需花較長時間調整,以從模具中射出。本發明的組成物自使用 脂肪族異氰酸酯且為親水性的TPU組成物,提供用於製造射出成型的物件的合適材料。再者,藉由比較實施例B1及B2、C1及C2、D1及D2可看出:以HDI(B1、C1及D1)製成的本發明樣品具有比以H12MDI製成的類似TPU更快的成型時間。
在此使用的連接詞「包含」,其與「包括」、「含有」或「其特徵在於」同義,為包容性或開放性,且不排除額外、未述及的要件或方法步驟。然而,在此每次述及「包含」,亦意圖涵蓋片語「本質上由...組成」及「由...組成」,作為可供選擇的實施例,其中「由...組成」排除任何未指出的要件或步驟,而「本質上由...組成」則允許包含不會重大地影響所考量的組成物或方法的本質或基本及新穎特徵的額外未述及的要件或步驟。在此所使用之以「DSC」所作之量測,指使用Perkin Elmer DSC 7之動態掃描熱量法。
雖然為了說明本發明之目的,已顯示某些代表性的具體實施例及細節,但其中可作各種改變及修改對所屬技術領域之技術者而言係明顯的,而不脫離本發明之範圍。關於此點,本發明之範圍僅由以下之申請專利範圍所限制。
Claims (15)
- 一種射出成型的物件,其包含熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物包含羥基封端中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分之反應產物,其中該異氰酸酯成分包含脂肪族二異氰酸酯,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物具有以DSC量測之至少75℃的結晶溫度,其中該異氰酸酯成分及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分構成熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯的硬鏈段,且其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯包含10重量%至30重量%的硬鏈段。
- 如請求項1之射出成型的物件,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯具有依ASTM D570所量測之至少70%的水吸附範圍,其中該依ASTM D570之量測係經下列修改:樣本尺寸為2.5”x 0.060”,浸泡時間為72小時。
- 如請求項1之射出成型的物件,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯具有依ASTM D570所量測之至少100%的水吸附範圍,其中該依ASTM D570之量測係經下列修改:樣本尺寸為2.5”x 0.060”,浸泡時間為72小時。
- 如請求項1之射出成型的物件,其中該羥基封端中間物成分包含聚(乙二醇)。
- 如請求項1之射出成型的物件,其中該羥基封端中間物成分本質上由聚(乙二醇)所組成,且二異氰酸酯本質上由六亞甲基二異氰酸酯所組成。
- 一種製造射出成型的物件之方法,其包含:製備熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物,其包含羥基封端 中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分,其中該異氰酸酯成分包含脂肪族二異氰酸酯,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物具有以DSC量測之至少75℃的結晶溫度,其中該異氰酸酯成分及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分構成熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯的硬鏈段,且其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯包含10重量%至30重量%的硬鏈段;加熱該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物至120℃至190℃的溫度,以熔化該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物;將該熔化的熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物射入模具中;及冷卻該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物,以形成物件。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯具有依ASTM D570所量測之至少70%的水吸附範圍,其中該依ASTM D570之量測係經下列修改:樣本尺寸為2.5”x 0.060”,浸泡時間為72小時。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯具有依ASTM D570所量測之至少100%的水吸附範圍,其中該依ASTM D570之量測係經下列修改:樣本尺寸為2.5”x 0.060”,浸泡時間為72小時。
- 如請求項6之方法,其中該羥基封端中間物成分本質上由聚(乙二醇)所組成。
- 一種射出成型的物件,其包含熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物包含羥基封端中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及鏈延長劑成分之反應產 物,其中該羥基封端中間物成分包含聚(乙二醇),該異氰酸酯成分包含六亞甲基二異氰酸酯,該異氰酸酯成分及該鏈延長劑成分構成熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯的硬鏈段,該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物包含10重量%至30重量%的硬鏈段,該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物具有依ASTM D570所量測之至少100%的水吸附範圍,其中該依ASTM D570之量測係經下列修改:樣本尺寸為2.5”x 0.060”,浸泡時間為72小時,該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物具有以DSC量測之至少75℃的結晶溫度。
- 一種3D列印的物件,其包含熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物包含羥基封端中間物成分、異氰酸酯成分、及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分之反應產物,其中該異氰酸酯成分包含脂肪族二異氰酸酯,其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯組成物具有以DSC量測之至少75℃的結晶溫度,其中該異氰酸酯成分及選擇性使用的鏈延長劑成分構成熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯的硬鏈段,且其中該熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯包含10重量%至30重量%的硬鏈段。
- 如請求項11之3D列印的物件,其中熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯具有依ASTM D570所量測之至少70%的水吸附範圍,其中該依ASTM D570之量測係經下列修改:樣本尺寸為2.5”x 0.060”,浸泡時間為72小時。
- 如請求項11之3D列印的物件,其中熱塑性聚胺甲酸酯具有依ASTM D570所量測之至少100%的水吸附範圍,其中該依ASTM D570之量測係經下列修改:樣本 尺寸為2.5”x 0.060”,浸泡時間為72小時。
- 如請求項11之3D列印的物件,其中該羥基封端中間物成分包含聚(乙二醇)。
- 如請求項11之3D列印的物件,其中該羥基封端中間物成分本質上由聚(乙二醇)所組成,且二異氰酸酯本質上由六亞甲基二異氰酸酯所組成。
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BR112018077071B1 (pt) | 2023-01-17 |
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EP3475328A1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
AU2022201642A1 (en) | 2022-03-31 |
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SG11201811201VA (en) | 2019-01-30 |
AU2017288792B2 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
BR112018077071A2 (pt) | 2019-04-30 |
MX2023014659A (es) | 2024-01-12 |
AU2017288792A1 (en) | 2019-01-03 |
TW201819445A (zh) | 2018-06-01 |
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