TWI732052B - Charging station for an electric vehicle and method for charging - Google Patents

Abstract

A charging station for an electric vehicle includes a charging plate, a first charging chamber, and a charging robot. The charging plate is used for parking and positioning the electric vehicle. The first charging chamber is detachably fixed to a side of the charging plate. The first charging chamber is used for storing and charging a battery. The charging robot moves between the first charging chamber and the charging plate. The charging robot transports a low battery to the first charging chamber and transports a full battery to the electric vehicle.

Description

Chassis type exchange station for electric vehicle and its electricity exchange method

The invention belongs to the field of charging and replacing electric vehicles, and specifically provides a chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles and a method for replacing electric vehicles.

At present, pure electric vehicles mainly have two energy supply modes: vehicle charging and battery replacement. Among them, when charging the entire electric vehicle, the AC slow charging time is long, and the parking lot is restricted. The DC fast charging power is large and the charging time is short, but it has a greater impact on the grid and also reduces the battery life. Using the power exchange mode, it can interact with the grid to achieve orderly charging, realize the "peak shaving and energy storage" of the electric load, and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of power equipment. It can quickly supply energy to electric vehicles, reduce user waiting time, and Will not damage battery life. Therefore, the power exchange mode in the public transportation field of my country's first-tier cities has high promotion value and economic significance.

For electric vehicles, the installation method of the battery on the chassis not only helps to increase the utilization space of the vehicle, but also separates the battery from the driver and passengers, improves safety, and at the same time reduces the center of gravity of the vehicle and improves the vehicle’s performance. Maneuverability, therefore chassis-type battery replacement technology has become the development direction of electric vehicle replacement.

However, currently built and under construction electric vehicle chassis battery swap stations generally use stackers for battery transfer. The placement direction of the battery in the on-board state and the placement direction of the battery in the charging state in the station are set in parallel, which needs to be occupied. Larger space, even if pre-installed containers are used, the site selection of the substation is also greatly restricted, especially for the construction of the station in the underground parking garage has brought a huge challenge. Therefore, a more reasonable layout of battery swap stations is required to meet practical applications.

In addition, because electric vehicles installed on battery chassis have just started in a few cities in China, people are still not very accepting of vehicles for battery swaps. It is obvious that the frequency of battery swaps in the previous power station swaps is not high. If the replacement power station equipment is built in one step under the premise that the frequency of power replacement is not high, it will cause a waste of resources.

Correspondingly, a new type of substation is needed in this field to solve the above-mentioned problems.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the problems of large space occupied by the existing electric vehicle chassis-type substation and resource waste caused by one-step construction, the present invention provides a chassis-type substation for electric vehicles, which includes : Battery swap platform, the battery swap platform is used to park and locate the electric vehicle to be swapped; the first battery charging box, the first battery charging box is detachably fixed to one side of the battery swap platform, the first battery charging box is used for Storing and charging the battery; the battery swap robot, the battery swap robot can move between the first battery charging box and the battery swap platform, the battery swap robot is used to transport the spent battery on the electric vehicle to the first battery charging box Install the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box to the electric vehicle.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned switching station, the switching station further includes a second battery charging box, the second battery charging box is detachably fixed to the other side of the switching platform, and the second battery charging box is also used for storing batteries and The battery is charged, and the battery swap robot can also move between the second battery charging box and the battery swap platform, so as to transport the drained battery on the electric vehicle to the second battery charging box and transfer the battery in the second battery charging box. The fully charged battery is installed on the electric vehicle.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power swap station, when the electric vehicle is swapped, the swap robot unloads and rotates the dead battery of the electric car by 90° and then transports it to the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box for storage , And take out the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box and install it on the electric vehicle by rotating it in the opposite direction by 90°.

Rotate the dead battery and the fully charged battery by 90° and then replace them, so that the battery in the on-board state and the battery in the charging state in the switching station are perpendicular to each other, which can effectively reduce the footprint of the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box .

In the above-mentioned preferred technical solution of the power swap station, the power swap platform is provided with a ramp, which is pivotally connected to one end of the power swap platform in the direction in which the electric vehicle enters, and is used to smoothly drive the electric vehicle to the power swap. On the platform; the roller group, the roller group is set on the parking base of the power exchange platform, and is used to fix and position the electric vehicle along the direction in which the electric vehicle enters; the push rod device, the push rod device is set on the side of the power exchange platform, Position the electric vehicle in the direction perpendicular to the direction that the electric vehicle enters.

In the above-mentioned preferred technical solution of the power swap station, a lifting mechanism is also provided on the power swap platform, and the lifting mechanism is used to lift and position the electric vehicle in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

In the above-mentioned preferred technical solution for the power station replacement, the lifting mechanism includes a front wheel lifting mechanism and a rear wheel lifting mechanism. The front wheel lifting mechanism and the rear wheel lifting mechanism work independently of each other, so that the electric vehicle is lifted to the The bottom surface of the battery can be in a horizontal state at the potential.

In the above-mentioned preferred technical solution of the power swap station, the roller group includes a V-shaped roller group and a horizontal roller group. When the electric vehicle is fixed to the power swap platform, its front wheel is located on the V-shaped roller group, and its rear wheel is located on the horizontal roller group. on.

In the above-mentioned preferred technical solution of the switching station, both the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are provided with: a charging rack, which is used to place and store the battery; and a charger, which is used to charge the battery.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned switching station, the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are respectively provided with elevators, and the elevators are used to transfer the spent batteries on the battery swapping robot to the charging rack, and to transfer the charging rack to the charging rack. The fully charged battery on the board is transferred to the battery swapping robot.

In the above-mentioned preferred technical solution of the power exchange station, a guiding mechanism is provided on the push rod device, and when the electric vehicle enters the power exchange platform, the guiding mechanism plays a guiding role in the driving direction of the electric vehicle.

In the above-mentioned preferred technical solution of the power exchange station, the first battery charging box and/or the second battery charging box are provided with a control cabinet and an operation panel that are electrically connected to each other, and the control cabinet is used to control the overall operation of the power station to realize electric vehicles. Switching function: The operation panel is used for the operator to control the switching station and/or the electric vehicle switching process, so that the switching station can be operated manually, semi-automatically or fully.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a chassis-type battery swapping method for electric vehicles. The method includes the following steps: providing the above-mentioned swap station; lowering the reversible ramp of the battery swap platform; The ramp can be turned over to drive to the battery replacement platform until the front wheels of the electric vehicle enter the V-shaped roller group and the rear wheels are loaded on the horizontal roller group. The V-shaped roller group positions the electric vehicle in the X direction; The push rod device positions the electric vehicle in the Y direction; the lifting mechanism lifts the electric vehicle to a preset height, and positions the electric vehicle in the Z direction while keeping the bottom surface of the battery level; the battery replacement robot moves to the bottom of the electric vehicle and Unlock the spent battery, then remove it from the battery swapping platform and dock with the elevator; the battery swap robot transfers the spent battery to the elevator, and the elevator moves the spent battery into the charging rack for charging, and at the same time or later, the fully charged battery is moved from the charging rack Lift: The battery replacement robot takes the fully charged battery from the lift and moves to the bottom of the electric vehicle, and installs the fully charged battery on the electric vehicle.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned battery exchange method, after unlocking the dead battery, the battery exchange robot rotates the dead battery by 90°.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned battery replacement method, before installing the fully-charged battery on the electric vehicle, the battery-changing robot rotates the fully-charged battery by 90° in the opposite direction.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned battery exchange method, after the fully charged battery is installed on the electric vehicle, the battery exchange robot moves from the bottom of the electric vehicle to under the elevator to stand by.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned battery exchange method, after the battery exchange robot moves from the bottom of the electric vehicle to below the elevator, the lifting mechanism is lowered and the push rod device is retracted.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned battery replacement method, after the lifting mechanism is lowered and the push rod device is retracted, the electric vehicle drives away from the battery replacement platform, and the flip ramp is retracted.

Those skilled in the art can understand that, in the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are respectively fixedly connected to the battery exchange platform by bolts, and the battery exchange robot can serve the first battery at the same time. The battery charging box and the second battery charging box enable the switching station of the present invention to be equipped with one battery charging box when the frequency of electric vehicle switching is low, and two battery charging boxes when the frequency of electric vehicle switching is high, which is effective To avoid the waste of resources. Furthermore, the battery swap robot will rotate 90° when replacing the dead battery and the fully charged battery, so that the direction of the battery in the on-board state and the direction of the battery in the charging state in the switch station are perpendicular to each other, so that the battery can be stored in the same size battery charging box. Store more batteries, or reduce the length of the battery charging box parallel to the direction in which the electric vehicle enters the replacement platform when storing the same number of batteries. Furthermore, the electric vehicle is lifted by the lifting mechanism, and the battery swap robot can perform battery swap under the electric car, so that the swap station of the present invention only occupies two or three parking spaces, which greatly reduces the cost of the swap station. Floor area.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. For example, although the various parts in the drawings are drawn according to a certain proportional relationship, this proportional relationship is not static, and those skilled in the art can adjust it as needed to adapt to specific applications.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The term of the indicated direction or positional relationship is based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for ease of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In addition, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixed or fixed. It is a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles of the present invention includes: a battery switching platform 1, a first battery charging box 2 and a battery switching robot 3. For the convenience of description, the driving direction of the electric vehicle into the battery swapping platform 1 is now denoted as the X direction, the direction perpendicular to the X direction in the horizontal plane is denoted as the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is denoted as the Z direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first battery charging box 2 has a symmetrical structure in the X direction, and the first battery charging box 2 is provided with an elevator 21, a charging rack 22 and a charger 23. The end positions of the charging rack 22 on both sides of the first battery charging box 2 are arranged in a row along the Z direction. The elevator 21 is arranged in the middle position of the two charging racks 22. The elevator 21 is used to separate the batteries in the X direction or the Y direction. Put it into the charging racks 22 on both sides, and take out the batteries on the charging racks 22 on both sides in the X direction or the Y direction. As an example, the charger 23 may be arranged above each charging rack 22 for charging the battery.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, under normal conditions, the elevator 21 will stay at a certain height, and a certain height space is reserved at its lower part so that the battery exchange robot 3 can park in it. When the battery needs to be exchanged, the battery exchange robot 3 Can be moved to the battery swapping platform 1.

As shown in Fig. 2, the first battery charging box 2 is arranged on one side of the power exchange platform 1, and the two are detachably fixedly connected. Preferably, the two are fixedly connected by bolts, so that the power exchange station is installed, It is more convenient for disassembly and maintenance, saving time. Further, the power exchange platform 1 is provided with: a reversible ramp 11, a V-shaped roller set 12, a horizontal roller set 13, a push rod device 14, and a lifting mechanism 15, 16. There are four reversible ramps 11, each set of two, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the power swapping platform 1 along the X direction, and each ramp 11 is pivotally connected to the power swapping platform 1. When the ramp 11 When it is put down, it forms an electric vehicle's driving channel together with the battery swapping platform 1, and the electric car can be gently guided to the battery swapping platform 1 through the ramp 11; when there is no electric car swapping, the ramp 11 can be retracted, In order to reduce the footprint of the substation. Those skilled in the art can understand that only one of the two sets of ramps 11 may also be provided, so that the electric vehicle can drive in and out of the battery swapping platform 1 from the set of ramps 11. Further, those skilled in the art can set the ramp 11 in a manual or automatic reversal form according to specific needs.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, the V-shaped roller group 12 and the horizontal roller group 13 are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the power exchange platform 1. The V-shaped roller group 12 is used to carry the front wheels of the electric vehicle and position the front wheels in the X direction, and the horizontal roller group 13 is used to carry the rear wheels of the electric vehicle. In FIG. 2, both sides of the V-shaped roller group 12 and the horizontal roller group 13 are respectively provided with push rod devices 14, which can push the front wheels and rear wheels of the electric vehicle in the Y direction, respectively. Since the rollers on the V-shaped roller group 12 and the horizontal roller group 13 can rotate freely, the push rod device 14 can easily push the electric vehicles on the V-shaped roller group 12 and the horizontal roller group 13, and can therefore be used for electric vehicles. Positioning in the Y direction. Further, a guiding mechanism 141 is provided on the push rod device 14 so that the electric vehicle can be guided by the guide mechanism 141 and preliminary coarse positioning in the Y direction when the electric vehicle enters the power exchange platform 1, thereby reducing the push rod device 14 The amount of displacement that pushes the electric vehicle to slide in the Y direction. Preferably, the two ends of the guide mechanism 141 are opened outward at an angle of 30°, or those skilled in the art can adjust the angle appropriately according to specific needs, and it is fixedly connected with the push rod device 14 as a whole, for example, by bolts. The guiding mechanism 141 and the push rod device 14 are fixedly connected as a whole by connection methods such as connection and welding.

Further referring to FIG. 2, the lifting mechanism is arranged on the power exchange platform 1, and the lifting mechanism includes a front wheel lifting mechanism 15 and a rear wheel lifting mechanism 16. Preferably, the V-shaped roller group 12 and the push rod device 14 located on the left side in FIG. 2 are arranged on the front wheel lifting mechanism 15, and the horizontal roller group 13 and the push rod device 14 located on the right side in FIG. 2 are arranged on the rear wheel lifting mechanism 16 on. The front-wheel lifting mechanism 15 and the rear-wheel lifting mechanism 16 can be raised and lowered at the same time or separately, so as to ensure that the bottom surface of the battery can be in a horizontal state when the electric vehicle is raised to the battery swap position in the Z direction.

As shown in Figure 3, the first battery charging box 2 is also provided with a control cabinet 24 and an operation panel 25 that are electrically connected to each other. The control cabinet 24 is used to control the switching station of the present invention to exchange power with the electric vehicle, and the operation panel 25 is used for The operator operates the control cabinet 24, thereby realizing that all actions of the substation can be operated manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically.

The following briefly describes the method and steps of the present invention when switching power between the power exchange station and the electric vehicle with reference to FIG. 4. First, lower the ramp 11 so that the electric vehicle can pass through it and enter the battery swapping platform 1. The electric vehicle uses the guide mechanism 141 to park its front wheels on the V-shaped roller set 12 and make its rear wheels stop on the horizontal roller set 13 , And thus make the electric vehicle fixed and positioned in the X direction.

Secondly, the electric vehicle is positioned in the Y direction through the push rod device 14, and the electric vehicle is lifted to a preset height through the front wheel lifting mechanism 15 and the rear wheel lifting mechanism 16 and positioned in the Z direction.

Once again, the battery swap robot 3 moves to the bottom of the electric vehicle and unlocks the dead battery on the electric car, and then the battery swap robot 3 drives the dead battery down and rotates it 90° clockwise before moving out, and it is in the Y direction with the elevator 21 Docking on the upper side, and the spent battery is moved from the battery swapping robot 3 to the elevator 21.

Then, the elevator 21 rises or descends and moves the spent battery into the charging rack 22 along the X direction. The charger 23 charges the spent battery, and at the same time or the spent battery on the elevator 21 is completely moved into the charging rack 22 After being inside, the fully charged battery is moved from the charging rack 22 on the other side to the elevator 21, and the elevator 21 is lowered or raised to a position where it is docked with the battery swapping robot 3. The battery replacement robot 3 takes the fully charged battery from the elevator 21 and moves to the bottom of the electric vehicle, and further rotates the fully charged battery 90° counterclockwise and lifts it, and locks the fully charged battery after positioning it with the electric vehicle tight.

Finally, the elevator 21 is raised to a predetermined position, the battery exchange robot 3 moves below the elevator 21 in the first battery charging box 2, the front wheel lifting mechanism 15 and the rear wheel lifting mechanism 16 are lowered, the push rod device 14 is retracted, and the electric vehicle drives Leaving the battery exchange platform 1, the ramp 11 is retracted, and the battery exchange is completed.

It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that during the process of replacing the battery of the electric vehicle, the battery replacement robot 3 rotates the dead battery on the electric vehicle 90° clockwise and then transfers it to the first battery charging box 2 to reverse the fully charged battery. Rotate the hour hand by 90° and then install it on the electric vehicle; or those skilled in the art can make the battery exchange robot 3 not rotate the dead battery and the fully charged battery according to specific needs, for example, when the power battery pack of the electric vehicle is horizontally oriented When the shape is square.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the battery replacement robot 3 removes the spent battery from the electric vehicle and rotates it by 90° and then puts it into the first battery charging box 2 so that the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box 2 It is perpendicular to the exhausted battery on the battery exchange platform 1, thereby reducing the length of the first battery charging box 2 in the X direction, effectively reducing the footprint of the first battery charging box 2, especially for power batteries It is a rectangular battery. Further, the electric vehicle is lifted by the lifting mechanism, so that the battery swapping robot 3 can move to the bottom of the battery for battery swapping, so that the swap station of the present invention only occupies two parking spaces as a whole.

Those skilled in the art can also understand that there is always an empty battery charging position or a battery placement position on the charging rack 22, so that the elevator 21 can first put the spent battery on the charging rack 22, and then fill it up. The electric battery is removed from the charging rack 22; or those skilled in the art can also appropriately modify the structure of the battery swapping robot 3 so that it can accommodate two batteries (full battery and dead battery) at the same time. When replacing the battery, the battery replacement robot 3 first transports the fully charged battery to the bottom of the electric vehicle, then unlocks and removes the spent battery from the electric vehicle, then installs the fully charged battery on the electric vehicle, and finally transports the spent battery To the first battery charging box 2.

As shown in Figure 5, when the frequency of the electric vehicle replacement is high and the battery in the first battery charging box 2 cannot meet the requirements for power replacement, it can also be used on another power replacement platform 1 that is symmetrical to the first battery charging box 2 A second battery charging box 4 is arranged on the side. Preferably, the second battery charging box 4 and the battery exchange platform 1 are fixedly connected by bolts. Further, the first battery charging box 2 and the second battery charging box 4 are the same, and both are exchanged with the electric vehicle through the battery exchange robot 3.

So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

1‧‧‧Power exchange platform 2‧‧‧The first battery charging box 3‧‧‧Battery swapping robot 4‧‧‧Second battery charging box 11‧‧‧Reversible ramp 12‧‧‧V-shaped drum set 13‧‧‧Horizontal roller group 14‧‧‧Push rod device 141‧‧‧Guiding mechanism 15‧‧‧Front wheel lifting mechanism 16‧‧‧Rear wheel lifting mechanism 21‧‧‧Lift 22‧‧‧Charging stand 23‧‧‧Charger 24‧‧‧Control cabinet 25‧‧‧Operation screen

[Figure 1] is a side view of the chassis-type substation for electric vehicles of the present invention. [Figure 2] is a top view of the chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles of the present invention. [Figure 3] is a front view of the chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles of the present invention. [Fig. 4] is a top view of the chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles of the present invention, including electric switching vehicles. [Figure 5] is a top view of a vehicle including a battery swap after the expansion of the chassis-type swap station for electric vehicles of the present invention.

1‧‧‧Electricity exchange platform

2‧‧‧The first battery charging box

4‧‧‧Second battery charging box

Claims (17)

A chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles includes: a power switching platform for parking and positioning the electric vehicle to be replaced; a first battery charging box, the first battery charging box is detachably Fixed to one side of the battery exchange platform, the first battery charging box is used to store and charge the battery; a battery exchange robot, the battery exchange robot can be between the first battery charging box and the battery exchange platform Move, the battery swap robot is used to transport the spent battery on the electric vehicle to the first battery charging box and install the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box on the electric vehicle; drive the electric vehicle into the The traveling direction of the battery swapping platform is recorded as the X direction, the first battery charging box is provided with a charging rack front and rear in the X direction, the charging rack is provided with a charger, and an elevator is arranged between the front and rear charging racks; and The charging rack is used to place and store a battery, the charger is used to charge the battery, the elevator is used to transfer a dead battery on the battery swapping robot to the charging rack, and the charging rack A fully charged battery is transferred to the battery swapping robot. The chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles as described in claim 1, further comprising a second battery charging box, the second battery charging box is detachably fixed to the other side of the switching platform, and the second battery The charging box is also used to store and charge the battery, and the battery swap robot can also move between the second battery charging box and the battery swap platform, so as to transport the spent battery on the electric vehicle to the second battery. Install the fully charged battery in the battery charging box and the second battery charging box on the electric vehicle. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, when the electric vehicle is exchanged, the battery exchange robot unloads and spins the spent battery of the electric vehicle After turning 90°, transport to the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box for storage, and take out the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box and rotate it in the opposite direction by 90° Installed on electric vehicles. The chassis-type power swap station for electric vehicles as described in claim 1, wherein the power swap platform is provided with: a ramp, which is pivotally connected to one end of the power swap platform in the direction in which the electric vehicle enters , Used to smoothly drive the electric vehicle to the battery swapping platform; a roller group, the roller group is arranged on the parking base of the battery swapping platform, used to fix and position the electric vehicle along the direction in which the electric vehicle enters; and A push rod device, the push rod device is arranged on the side of the power exchange platform, and is used for positioning the electric vehicle along the direction perpendicular to the driving-in direction of the electric vehicle. According to claim 4, the chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles, wherein a lifting mechanism is also provided on the power switching platform, and the lifting mechanism is used to lift and position the electric vehicle in a direction perpendicular to the ground. The chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles according to claim 5, wherein the lifting mechanism includes a front wheel lifting mechanism and a rear wheel lifting mechanism, and the front wheel lifting mechanism and the rear wheel lifting mechanism are independent of each other The ground work together, so that the bottom surface of the battery can be in a horizontal state when the electric vehicle is lifted to a potential change. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles as described in claim 4, wherein the drum group includes a V-shaped drum group and a horizontal drum group. When the electric vehicle is fixed to the power exchange platform, its front wheels are located at the On the V-shaped roller group, its rear wheel is located on the horizontal roller group. The chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles according to claim 2, wherein the second battery charging box is provided with: a charging rack for placing and storing batteries; and A charger, the charger is used to charge the battery. The chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles according to claim 8, wherein an elevator is provided in the second battery charging box, and the elevator is used to transfer the spent battery on the battery exchange robot to the charging rack, And transfer the fully charged battery on the charging rack to the battery swapping robot. According to claim 4, the chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles, wherein the push rod device is provided with a guiding mechanism, and when the electric vehicle enters the power-changing platform, the guiding mechanism acts on the electric vehicle in the driving direction. To the guiding role. The chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles as described in claim 2, wherein the first battery charging box and/or the second battery charging box are provided with a control cabinet and an operation panel electrically connected to each other, and the control The cabinet is used to control the overall operation in order to realize the electric vehicle battery replacement function; the operation screen is used for the operator to control the battery replacement process, so as to realize manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic operation. A chassis-type power exchange method for electric vehicles, including the following steps: provide a chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles as in claim 2 to 11; lower a reversible ramp of a power exchange platform; The car travels on the reversible ramp to the battery swapping platform until the front wheel of the electric car enters a V-shaped roller group and the rear wheel is carried on a horizontal roller group. The V-shaped roller group performs an X-direction on the electric vehicle. Positioning; a push rod device of the battery exchange platform positions the electric vehicle in the Y direction; a lifting mechanism lifts the electric vehicle to a preset height, and positions the electric vehicle in the Z direction while keeping the bottom surface of the battery level; The battery swap robot moves to the bottom of the electric vehicle and unlocks the dead battery, then moves out of the battery swap platform and docks with an elevator; The battery swapping robot transfers the spent battery to the elevator, the elevator moves the spent battery into a charging rack for charging, and at the same time or later the fully charged battery is moved from the charging rack to the elevator; and the battery swapping robot is removed from the elevator Remove the fully charged battery and move it to the bottom of the electric vehicle, and install the fully charged battery on the electric vehicle. The chassis-type battery swapping method for electric vehicles as described in claim 12, wherein after unlocking the drain battery, the battery swap robot rotates the drain battery by 90°. The chassis-type battery exchange method for an electric vehicle as described in claim 13, wherein the battery exchange robot rotates the fully-charged battery 90° in the opposite direction before installing the fully-charged battery on the electric vehicle. The chassis-type battery exchange method for an electric vehicle as described in claim 14, wherein after the fully charged battery is installed on the electric vehicle, the battery exchange robot moves from the bottom of the electric vehicle to the underside of the elevator to stand by. The chassis-type battery exchange method for an electric vehicle according to claim 15, wherein after the battery exchange robot moves from the bottom of the electric vehicle to below the elevator, the lifting mechanism is lowered and the push rod device is retracted. The chassis-type battery exchange method for an electric vehicle according to claim 16, wherein after the lifting mechanism is lowered and the push rod device is retracted, the electric vehicle drives away from the battery exchange platform, and turns the ramp to retract.

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