CN206436985U - Chassis type battery replacement station for electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to electric automobile fills and trades the electric field, specifically provides a chassis formula trades power station for electric automobile. The utility model discloses aim at solving current electric automobile chassis formula and trade power station occupation space big and one step of construction and target in place the problem that causes the wasting of resources. The utility model discloses a trade power station includes: a trade electric platform for parking and location electric automobile, set up and be used for the storage battery and carry out the first battery charging case that charges to the battery and be used for trading electric robot with full-electricity battery interchange on electric automobile on trading electric platform one side on the dead battery and the first battery charging case, when electric automobile trades the frequency increase, can set up the second battery charging case at the opposite side of trading electric platform to two battery charging cases and trade and all be through bolt fixed connection between the electric platform. Therefore, the utility model discloses a not only simple to operate, area are few for trading the power station, can also increase or reduce the quantity of battery charging case according to electric automobile's the frequency of trading, have avoided the wasting of resources effectively.

Description

Chassis-mounted power station for electric vehicles

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of electric vehicle charging and replacing, and specifically provides a chassis-type switching station for electric vehicles.

Background technique

At present, pure electric vehicles mainly have two energy supply modes: vehicle charging and battery replacement. Among them, when charging electric vehicles, AC slow charging takes a long time and the parking lot is limited. DC fast charging has high power and short charging time, but it has a greater impact on the power grid and will also reduce the service life of the battery. Using the power swap mode, it can interact with the grid to achieve orderly charging, realize "peak-shaving energy storage" of power loads, and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of power equipment. It can quickly supply energy to electric vehicles, reduce user waiting time, and Does not compromise battery life. Therefore, the power exchange mode in the public transportation field of my country's first-tier cities has high promotion value and economic significance.

For electric vehicles, the installation of the battery on the chassis not only helps to improve the utilization space of the vehicle, but also separates the battery from the driver and passengers, which improves safety, and at the same time reduces the center of gravity of the vehicle and improves the stability of the vehicle. Maneuverability, so chassis-mounted battery replacement technology has become the development direction of electric vehicle battery replacement.

However, the chassis-type battery swapping stations for electric vehicles that have been built or are currently under construction generally use stackers to transfer batteries. Larger space, even if the pre-installed container is used, the site selection of the power station is still very limited, especially for the built-in station in the underground parking garage, which brings great challenges. Therefore, a more reasonable battery swap station layout is needed to meet practical applications.

In addition, since electric vehicles with battery chassis installation have just started in a few cities in China, people's acceptance of vehicles for battery replacement is not high. If the equipment of the power replacement station is built in one step under the premise that the frequency of power replacement is not high, it will cause a waste of resources.

Correspondingly, the field needs a new substation to solve the above problems.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, that is, in order to solve the problem that the existing electric vehicle chassis-type power exchange station occupies a large space and the problem of waste of resources caused by one-step construction in place, the utility model provides a chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles, The power exchange station includes: a power exchange platform for parking and positioning an electric vehicle to be replaced; a first battery charging box, the first battery charging box is detachably fixed to the battery exchange platform On one side, the first battery charging box is used to store and charge the battery; the battery changing robot, the battery changing robot can move between the first battery charging box and the battery changing platform, the The battery replacement robot is used for transporting the exhausted battery on the electric vehicle to the first battery charging box and installing the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box to the electric vehicle.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power exchange station, the power exchange station further includes a second battery charging box, the second battery charging box is detachably fixed to the other side of the battery exchange platform, and the second battery charges The box is also used to store and charge the battery, and the battery exchange robot can also move between the second battery charging box and the battery exchange platform, so as to transport the exhausted battery on the electric vehicle to the In the second battery charging box and the fully charged battery in the second battery charging box is installed on the electric vehicle.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned battery exchange station, when the battery is exchanged for the electric vehicle, the battery exchange robot unloads the exhausted battery of the electric vehicle and rotates it by 90° before transporting it to the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box. Store in the battery charging box, and take out the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box and rotate it 90° in the opposite direction to install it on the electric vehicle.

Rotate the exhausted battery and the fully charged battery by 90° before replacing, so that the battery in the vehicle state and the battery in the charging state in the replacement station are perpendicular to each other, which can effectively reduce the footprint of the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box .

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power exchange station, the power exchange platform is provided with: a ramp, and the ramp is pivotally connected to one end of the power exchange platform along the direction in which the electric vehicle enters, for making the electric vehicle Smoothly travel to the power exchange platform; the roller group, the roller set is set on the parking base of the power exchange platform, and is used to fix and position the electric vehicle along the direction in which the electric vehicle enters; the push rod device, the The push rod device is arranged on the side of the power exchange platform, and is used for positioning the electric vehicle along a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the electric vehicle enters.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned battery swapping station, a lifting mechanism is also provided on the battery switching platform, and the lifting mechanism is used to lift and position the electric vehicle in a direction perpendicular to the ground.

In the preferred technical solution of the above power station, the lifting mechanism includes a front wheel lifting mechanism and a rear wheel lifting mechanism, and the front wheel lifting mechanism and the rear wheel lifting mechanism work independently of each other, so that The bottom surface of the battery can be in a horizontal state when the electric vehicle is lifted to change the potential.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power exchange station, the roller set includes a V-shaped roller set and a horizontal roller set, and when the electric vehicle is fixed on the power exchange platform, its front wheels are located on the V-shaped roller set, Its rear wheels are located on the set of horizontal rollers.

In the preferred technical solution of the above battery swapping station, both the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are provided with: a charging rack, which is used to place and store batteries; a charger, the charging The machine is used to charge the battery.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned battery swapping station, elevators are respectively provided in the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box, and the elevators are used to transfer the exhausted batteries on the battery swapping robot to on the charging stand, and transfer the fully charged battery on the charging stand to the battery replacement robot.

In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned power exchange station, the push rod device is provided with a guide mechanism, and when the electric vehicle drives into the battery exchange platform, the guide mechanism guides the electric vehicle in the direction of travel.

In the preferred technical solution of the above battery exchange station, the first battery charging box and/or the second battery charging box are provided with a control cabinet and an operation panel electrically connected to each other, and the control cabinet is used to control the battery exchange The overall operation of the power station is to realize the electric vehicle battery exchange function; the operation panel is used for the operator to control the battery exchange station and/or the electric vehicle battery exchange process, so that the battery exchange station can realize manual, semi-automatic or full automatic operation.

Those skilled in the art can understand that, in the preferred technical solution of the present utility model, the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are respectively fixedly connected to the battery exchange platform through bolts, and the battery exchange robot can simultaneously serve the first battery charging box. A battery charging box and a second battery charging box, so that the power exchange station of the present invention can be equipped with one battery charging box when the frequency of electric vehicle battery changes is low, and two battery charging boxes can be configured when the frequency of electric vehicle battery changes is high , effectively avoiding the waste of resources. Furthermore, when the battery replacement robot replaces the exhausted battery with the fully charged battery, it will rotate 90°, so that the direction of the battery in the vehicle state and the direction of the battery in the charging state in the replacement station are perpendicular to each other, so that it can be used in a battery charging box of the same size. Store more batteries, or reduce the length of the battery charging box parallel to the direction in which the electric vehicle enters the power exchange platform while storing the same number of batteries. Furthermore, the electric vehicle is lifted by the lifting mechanism, and the battery exchange robot can perform battery exchange under the electric vehicle, so that the battery exchange station of the present invention only occupies two or three parking spaces, greatly reducing the number of parking spaces in the battery exchange station. of floor area.

Solution 1. A chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles, characterized in that the power exchange station includes:

A power exchange platform, which is used to park and locate the electric vehicle to be replaced;

A first battery charging box, the first battery charging box is detachably fixed to one side of the power exchange platform, and the first battery charging box is used for storing and charging batteries;

A battery swapping robot, the battery swapping robot can move between the first battery charging box and the battery swapping platform, and the battery swapping robot is used to transport the exhausted battery on the electric vehicle to the first battery In the charging box and the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box is installed on the electric vehicle.

Solution 2. The chassis-type battery swap station for electric vehicles according to solution 1, wherein the battery swap station further includes a second battery charging box, and the second battery charging box is detachably fixed to the battery swap station. On the other side of the electric platform, the second battery charging box is also used to store and charge the battery, and the battery exchange robot can also move between the second battery charging box and the electric exchange platform , so that the exhausted battery on the electric vehicle is transported into the second battery charging box and the fully charged battery in the second battery charging box is installed on the electric vehicle.

Scheme 3. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to scheme 1 or 2, characterized in that, when the electric vehicle is replaced, the battery replacement robot unloads the exhausted battery of the electric vehicle and rotates it by 90° Then transport it to the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box for storage, and take out the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box and rotate it in the opposite direction for 90 °Installation on electric vehicles.

Scheme 4. The chassis-type battery swap station for electric vehicles according to scheme 1, wherein the battery swap platform is provided with:

a ramp, the ramp is pivotally connected to one end of the power exchange platform along the direction in which the electric vehicle enters, and is used to enable the electric vehicle to smoothly drive onto the power exchange platform;

A roller set, the roller set is arranged on the parking base of the power exchange platform, and is used to fix and position the electric vehicle along the direction in which the electric vehicle enters;

A push rod device, the push rod device is arranged on the side of the power exchange platform, and is used for positioning the electric vehicle along a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the electric vehicle enters.

Scheme 5. The chassis-type battery swapping station for electric vehicles according to scheme 4, characterized in that a lifting mechanism is also provided on the battery switching platform, and the lifting mechanism is used to lift the electric vehicle vertically to the ground Lift and position in the direction.

Solution 6. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to solution 5, characterized in that the lifting mechanism includes a front wheel lifting mechanism and a rear wheel lifting mechanism, and the front wheel lifting mechanism and the The rear wheel lifting mechanisms work independently and cooperatively, so that the bottom surface of the battery can be in a horizontal state when the electric vehicle is lifted to the electric potential.

Scheme 7. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to scheme 4, wherein the roller set includes a V-shaped roller set and a horizontal roller set. When the electric vehicle is fixed on the power exchange platform , its front wheels are located on the V-shaped roller set, and its rear wheels are located on the horizontal roller set.

Solution 8. The chassis-type battery swapping station for electric vehicles according to solution 2, characterized in that, both the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are provided with:

a charging stand for placing and storing batteries;

The charger is used for charging the battery.

Solution 9. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to solution 8, characterized in that the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are respectively provided with elevators, and the elevators are used for Transfer the exhausted battery on the battery changing robot to the charging rack, and transfer the fully charged battery on the charging rack to the battery changing robot.

Scheme 10. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to scheme 4, characterized in that the push rod device is provided with a guide mechanism, and when the electric vehicle drives into the power exchange platform, the guide mechanism It plays a guiding role in the driving direction of electric vehicles.

Solution 11. The chassis-type battery swapping station for electric vehicles according to solution 2, characterized in that the first battery charging box and/or the second battery charging box are provided with a control cabinet electrically connected to each other and An operation panel, the control cabinet is used to control the overall operation of the battery exchange station so as to realize the battery exchange function of electric vehicles; the operation panel is used for operators to control the battery exchange station and/or the battery exchange process of electric vehicles, In order to enable the switching station to realize manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view of the chassis-type power station for electric vehicles of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the chassis-type power station for electric vehicles of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the chassis-type power station for electric vehicles of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a top view of the chassis-type battery swapping station for electric vehicles including battery swapping vehicles of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is a top view of the expanded chassis-type battery-swapping station for electric vehicles of the present invention, including battery-swapping vehicles.

detailed description

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the utility model. For example, although the various parts in the drawings are drawn according to a certain ratio, the ratio is not static, and those skilled in the art can make adjustments to suit specific applications.

It should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner" and "outer" The terms indicating the direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured in a specific orientation, and operation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In addition, it should be noted that, in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or It can be a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the chassis-type battery swapping station for electric vehicles of the present invention includes: a battery swapping platform 1 , a first battery charging box 2 and a battery swapping robot 3 . For the convenience of description, the direction in which the electric vehicle drives into the battery exchange platform 1 is denoted as the X direction, the direction perpendicular to the X direction in the horizontal plane is denoted as the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane is denoted as the Z direction.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first battery charging box 2 has a front-back symmetrical structure in the X direction, and the first battery charging box 2 is provided with: a lifter 21 , a charging stand 22 and a charger 23 . The charging racks 22 are arranged in a row along the Z direction at the end positions on both sides of the first battery charging box 2, and the lifter 21 is arranged in the middle of the two charging racks 22. The lifter 21 is used to separate the batteries along the X direction or the Y direction. Put it into the charging racks 22 on both sides, and take out the batteries on the charging racks 22 on both sides along the X direction or the Y direction. As an example, a charger 23 may be arranged above each charging rack 22 for charging the battery.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, under normal conditions, the elevator 21 will stay at a certain height, and a certain height space is reserved at its lower part so that the battery exchange robot 3 can dock therein. When battery exchange is required, the battery exchange robot 3 It can be moved into the power exchange platform 1.

As shown in Fig. 2, the first battery charging box 2 is arranged on one side of the power exchange platform 1, and the two are detachably fixedly connected, preferably, the two are fixedly connected by bolts, so that the power exchange station can be installed, It is more convenient to disassemble and maintain, saving time. Further, the power exchange platform 1 is provided with: a reversible ramp 11 , a V-shaped roller group 12 , a horizontal roller group 13 , a push rod device 14 and lifting mechanisms 15 and 16 . There are four reversible ramps 11, each set of two, symmetrically arranged at both ends of the power exchange platform 1 along the X direction, and each ramp 11 is pivotally connected with the power exchange platform 1, when the ramp 11 When it is put down, it and the power exchange platform 1 together form the driving passage of the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle can be gently guided to the power exchange platform 1 through the ramp 11; when there is no electric vehicle power exchange, the ramp 11 can be put away, In order to reduce the occupied area of the power station. Those skilled in the art can understand that only one of the two sets of ramps 11 can be provided, so that the electric vehicle can drive in and out of the battery swapping platform 1 from the set of ramps 11 . Further, those skilled in the art can set the ramp 11 to be turned manually or automatically according to specific needs.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 , the V-shaped roller set 12 and the horizontal roller set 13 are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the power exchange platform 2 . The V-shaped roller group 12 is used for carrying the front wheels of the electric vehicle and positioning the front wheels in the X direction, and the horizontal roller group 13 is used for carrying the rear wheels of the electric vehicle. In FIG. 2 , both sides of the V-shaped roller group 12 and the horizontal roller group 13 are provided with push rod devices 14 respectively, and the push rod devices 14 can respectively push the front wheels and the rear wheels of the electric vehicle along the Y direction. Because the cylinders on the V-shaped roller group 12 and the horizontal roller group 13 can rotate freely, so the push rod device 14 can easily promote the electric vehicle that is positioned on the V-shaped roller group 12 and the horizontal roller group 13, and therefore can control the electric vehicle. Positioning in the Y direction. Further, the push rod device 14 is provided with a guide mechanism 141, so that when the electric vehicle enters the power exchange platform 1, it can be guided by the guide mechanism 141 and initially roughly positioned in the Y direction, thereby reducing the number of push rod devices 14. The amount of displacement to push the electric car to slide in the Y direction. Preferably, both ends of the guide mechanism 141 open outwards at an angle of 30°, or those skilled in the art can make appropriate adjustments to the angle according to specific needs, and it is fixedly connected with the push rod device 14 as a whole, for example, by bolts The guide mechanism 141 and the push rod device 14 are fixedly connected as a whole by connection means such as connection and welding.

Referring further to FIG. 2 , the lifting mechanism is arranged on the power exchange platform 1 , and the lifting mechanism includes a front wheel lifting mechanism 15 and a rear wheel lifting mechanism 16 . Preferably, the V-shaped roller group 12 and the push rod device 14 on the left side in Fig. 2 are arranged on the front wheel lifting mechanism 15, and the horizontal roller group 13 and the push rod device 14 on the right side in Fig. 2 are arranged on the rear wheel On the lifting mechanism 16. The front wheel lifting mechanism 15 and the rear wheel lifting mechanism 16 can be lifted simultaneously or separately, so that the bottom surface of the battery can be in a horizontal state when the electric vehicle is lifted to the battery replacement position in the Z direction.

As shown in Figure 3, the first battery charging box 2 is also provided with a control cabinet 24 and an operation panel 25 that are electrically connected to each other. Since the operator operates the control cabinet 24, all actions of the power station can be operated manually, semi-automatically or fully automatically.

The following briefly describes the method and steps of the power exchange station of the present invention and the battery exchange of electric vehicles with reference to FIG. 4 . First, the ramp 11 is put down so that the electric vehicle can drive into the power exchange platform 1 through it, and the electric vehicle makes its front wheels rest on the V-shaped roller group 12 through the guide mechanism 141, and makes its rear wheels rest on the horizontal roller group 13. , and thus enable the electric vehicle to be fixed and positioned in the X direction.

Secondly, the electric vehicle is positioned in the Y direction by the push rod device 14, and the electric vehicle is lifted to a preset height by the front wheel lifting mechanism 15 and the rear wheel lifting mechanism 16 and positioned in the Z direction.

Again, the battery replacement robot 3 moves to the bottom of the electric vehicle and unlocks the exhausted battery on the electric vehicle, and then the battery exchange robot 3 drives the exhausted battery down and rotates it 90° clockwise and then moves it out. docking, and the exhausted battery is moved from the battery-changing robot 3 to the elevator 21.

Then, the elevator 21 goes up or down and moves the exhausted battery into the charging rack 22 along the X direction, and the charger 23 charges the exhausted battery, and at the same time, the exhausted battery on the elevator 21 is completely moved into the charging rack 22 After inside, the fully charged battery is moved into the elevator 21 from the charging stand 22 on the other side, and the elevator 21 will lower or rise to the position of docking with the battery replacement robot 3 . The battery replacement robot 3 takes the fully charged battery from the elevator 21 and moves it to the bottom of the electric vehicle, and further rotates the fully charged battery 90° counterclockwise and lifts it up so that the fully charged battery and the electric vehicle are positioned and locked tight.

Finally, the elevator 21 rises to a predetermined position, the battery replacement robot 3 moves to the bottom of the elevator 21 in the first battery charging box 2, the front wheel lifting mechanism 15 and the rear wheel lifting mechanism 16 descend, the push rod device 14 is retracted, and the electric vehicle Drive away from the battery exchange platform 1, the ramp 11 is put away, and the battery exchange is completed.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand that during the process of electric vehicle battery exchange, the battery exchange robot 3 rotates the exhausted battery on the electric vehicle 90° clockwise and then transfers it to the first battery charging box 2, and reverses the fully charged battery The hour hand is rotated 90° and then installed on the electric vehicle; or those skilled in the art can make the battery replacement robot 3 not rotate the exhausted battery and the fully charged battery according to specific needs, for example, when the power battery pack of the electric vehicle is horizontally When the shape is square.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the battery replacement robot 3 takes off the exhausted battery from the electric vehicle and then rotates it by 90° and then puts it into the first battery charging box 2, so that the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box 2 It is perpendicular to the dead battery on the power exchange platform 1, thereby reducing the length of the first battery charging box 2 in the X direction, effectively reducing the footprint of the first battery charging box 2, especially for power batteries It is a rectangular battery. Further, the electric vehicle is lifted up by the lifting mechanism, so that the battery-swapping robot 3 can move to the bottom to change batteries, so that the battery-swapping station of the present invention occupies only two parking spaces as a whole.

Those skilled in the art can also understand that there is always an empty battery charging position or a battery placement position on the charging rack 22, so that the elevator 21 can first put the exhausted battery on the charging rack 22, and then put the fully charged battery on the charging rack 22. Electric battery is taken away from charging stand 22; Perhaps those skilled in the art also can suitably change and change the structure of electric robot 3, it can hold two batteries (full electric battery and exhausted electric battery) simultaneously. When changing the battery, the battery changing robot 3 first transports the fully charged battery to the bottom of the electric vehicle, then unlocks and removes the exhausted battery from the electric vehicle, then installs the fully charged battery on the electric vehicle, and finally transports the exhausted battery to the first battery charging box 2.

As shown in Figure 5, when the frequency of battery replacement for electric vehicles is relatively high, and the batteries in the first battery charging box 2 cannot meet the requirements for battery replacement, it can also be installed on another battery replacement platform 1 that is symmetrical to the first battery charging box 2. A second battery charging box 4 is arranged on the side. Preferably, the second battery charging box 4 is fixedly connected to the power exchange platform 1 by bolts. Further, the first battery charging box 2 and the second battery charging box 4 are the same, and both perform battery swapping operations with the electric vehicle through the battery swapping robot 3 .

So far, the technical solution of the utility model has been described in conjunction with the preferred implementations shown in the accompanying drawings, however, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the protection scope of the utility model is obviously not limited to these specific implementations. On the premise of not departing from the principle of the utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (11)

1. A chassis-type exchange station for electric vehicles, characterized in that the exchange station includes: A power exchange platform, which is used to park and locate the electric vehicle to be replaced; A first battery charging box, the first battery charging box is detachably fixed to one side of the power exchange platform, and the first battery charging box is used for storing and charging batteries; A battery swapping robot, the battery swapping robot can move between the first battery charging box and the battery swapping platform, and the battery swapping robot is used to transport the exhausted battery on the electric vehicle to the first battery In the charging box and the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box is installed on the electric vehicle. 2. The chassis-type battery swap station for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, the battery swap station further comprises a second battery charging box, the second battery charging box is detachably fixed to the battery swap station On the other side of the electric platform, the second battery charging box is also used to store and charge the battery, and the battery exchange robot can also move between the second battery charging box and the electric exchange platform , so that the exhausted battery on the electric vehicle is transported into the second battery charging box and the fully charged battery in the second battery charging box is installed on the electric vehicle. 3. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, when the electric vehicle is replaced, the battery replacement robot unloads the exhausted battery of the electric vehicle and rotates it by 90° before transporting Store in the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box, and take out the fully charged battery in the first battery charging box or the second battery charging box and rotate it 90° in the opposite direction for installation to electric vehicles. 4. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the power exchange platform is provided with: a ramp, the ramp is pivotally connected to one end of the power exchange platform along the direction in which the electric vehicle enters, and is used to enable the electric vehicle to smoothly drive onto the power exchange platform; A roller set, the roller set is arranged on the parking base of the power exchange platform, and is used to fix and position the electric vehicle along the direction in which the electric vehicle enters; A push rod device, the push rod device is arranged on the side of the power exchange platform, and is used for positioning the electric vehicle along a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the electric vehicle enters. 5. The chassis-type battery swapping station for electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that a lifting mechanism is also provided on the switching platform, and the lifting mechanism is used to move the electric vehicle vertically to the ground Lift and position in the direction. 6. The chassis type substation for electric vehicles according to claim 5, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a front wheel lifting mechanism and a rear wheel lifting mechanism, and the front wheel lifting mechanism and the The rear wheel lifting mechanisms work independently and cooperatively, so that the bottom surface of the battery can be in a horizontal state when the electric vehicle is lifted to the electric potential. 7. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to claim 4, wherein the roller group includes a V-shaped roller group and a horizontal roller group, when the electric vehicle is fixed on the power exchange platform , its front wheels are located on the V-shaped roller set, and its rear wheels are located on the horizontal roller set. 8. The chassis-type battery swapping station for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, both the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are provided with: a charging stand for placing and storing batteries; The charger is used for charging the battery. 9. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that, the first battery charging box and the second battery charging box are respectively provided with elevators, and the elevators are used for Transfer the exhausted battery on the battery changing robot to the charging rack, and transfer the fully charged battery on the charging rack to the battery changing robot. 10. The chassis-type power exchange station for electric vehicles according to claim 4, wherein a guide mechanism is provided on the push rod device, and when the electric vehicle drives into the power exchange platform, the guide mechanism It plays a guiding role in the driving direction of electric vehicles. 11. The chassis-type exchange station for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that, the first battery charging box and/or the second battery charging box are provided with a control cabinet and a control cabinet electrically connected to each other. An operation panel, the control cabinet is used to control the overall operation of the battery exchange station so as to realize the battery exchange function of electric vehicles; the operation panel is used for operators to control the battery exchange station and/or the battery exchange process of electric vehicles, In order to enable the switching station to realize manual, semi-automatic or fully automatic operation.