CN102180200B - Automatic vehicle-mounted mobile power charging and exchanging station for electric vehicle and method for quickly exchanging battery - Google Patents
Automatic vehicle-mounted mobile power charging and exchanging station for electric vehicle and method for quickly exchanging battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN102180200B CN102180200B CN2011101420995A CN201110142099A CN102180200B CN 102180200 B CN102180200 B CN 102180200B CN 2011101420995 A CN2011101420995 A CN 2011101420995A CN 201110142099 A CN201110142099 A CN 201110142099A CN 102180200 B CN102180200 B CN 102180200B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic vehicle-mounted mobile power charging and exchanging station for an electric vehicle and a method for quickly exchanging a battery. The automatic vehicle-mounted mobile power charging and exchanging station comprises a tractor, a semitrailer and a battery box storage rack, a battery box, an automatic power exchanging device, a charging system, an electric quantity counting system, an automatic control unit and the like which are arranged on the semitrailer, wherein the storage rack can store a plurality of battery boxes three-dimensionally; the battery boxes are standard exchanging modules connected with a battery house on the lower part of a vehicle body by using a plurality of quick-opening locking bolts; the automatic power exchanging device comprises a lifting table, a transmigration machine, a shifting machine and a plurality of unlocking/locking bushings; the automatic power exchanging device can automatically transport and store the battery boxes, and lock or unlock the battery boxes and the battery house due to mutual matching of the lifting table, the unlocking/locking bushings and the quick-opening locking bolts, so automatic dismantling and exchange of the battery boxes can be realized; and the charging system is used for automatically charging the battery boxes. The station is complete in system, compact in structure, flexible in maneuvering, low in investment and short in construction period, so the automatic power charging/exchanging requirement of the battery of the electric vehicle can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electronlmobil field, the vehicle-mounted removable that particularly relates to a kind of electronlmobil fills electrical changing station and fast changing battery method automatically.
Background technology
Electronlmobil has advantages such as economical operation, clean environment firendly, but owing to receive the restriction of capacity of cell, causes travelled distance shorter, simultaneously, because the battery charge time is long, the battery cost is high, maintenance difficulties is big, thereby has limited applying of electronlmobil.In order to prolong the continual mileage of electronlmobil; Can adopt the method for changing battery, when battery electric quantity is not enough, can arrives electrical changing station and change a battery that is full of electricity rapidly; The battery altering time was controlled in 3 minutes; Close with the fuel vehicle refueling time, thus continual mileage both prolonged, saved the time again.Simultaneously, adopt the method for changing battery, can realize " car-electricity separates " of electronlmobil; The user buys not " the naked car " of charged pool, and battery charge, maintenance are reduced the user and purchased the car cost by professional operation merchant operation; Easy to use, be beneficial to the industrialized development and the application market of electronlmobil.
In order to realize that batteries of electric automobile changes automatically, need the battery design of electronlmobil be become standard cell case detachable, that exchange, and it is installed in the position that car body is easy to load and unload; Because battery volume and the quality of electronlmobil are bigger, need to adopt and special-purpose change electric installation and could accomplish the battery box replacing; The battery box memory storage need be set, and in time the battery box that changes be charged, be used for changing next time.
Prior art adopt to be built fixed type and is filled/the electrical changing station scheme, with battery storage, charge, change in the electric three aspect working sets and fill at a fixed type/accomplish in the electrical changing station.Building fixed type fills/and electrical changing station relates to many-sided influence factors such as physical construction planning, approval for land use, environmental evaluation, road, electric power supply, and project verification, examination and approval procedures are complicated; Building fixed type fills/and electrical changing station need newly construct the factory buildings, erecting equipment, time construction period long (generally reaching the several months); Building fixed type fills/electrical changing station needs bigger floor area, the factory building of newly-built thousands of sq ms, construction investment greatly (reaching tens million of yuans), be difficult on arterial street, build in a large number; Simultaneously, electronlmobil need reach fixedly and fill/electrical changing station replacing battery, both wastes energy, and has shortened the effective continual mileage of electronlmobil again, and extremely inconvenient.Because fixed type fills/and electrical changing station scheme floor area is big with investment, lay inconvenience, is difficult to popularize in the city, and greatly influenced electronlmobil and applied.Therefore, a kind of compact conformation, maneuverability, the automatic replacing scheme of quick, investment batteries of electric automobile little, easy to use automatically be badly in need of to be proposed.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is: more switching network is not enough to changing electric formula batteries of electric automobile; Being difficult to build fixed type in a large number in the city again fills/present situation of electrical changing station; Provide a kind of vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil to fill the electrical changing station system automatically, can satisfy the automatic quick change requirement of batteries of electric automobile case.The present invention has the advantages that system perfecting, compact conformation, maneuverability, investment are little, the construction period is short, can fully satisfy the automatic replacing demand of batteries of electric automobile.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills the technical scheme that electrical changing station is achieved automatically: comprise traction headstock and superimposed trailer; Said superimposed trailer is that open the door in a rear portion, the low flat-bed trailer of motorless box sealing, and said superimposed trailer is moved by said traction headstock traction; Said superimposed trailer is provided with battery box storage shelf, car body guide track, battery box, moves electric installation, charge system, electric weight automatic metering system and automation control system automatically certainly, forms a battery storage, charging thus and changes Trinitarian movable type automatically and fill electrical changing station automatically; Said battery box storage shelf is the three-dimensional battery box storage shelf with a plurality of goods lattice that is made up of one two row multilayer multirow framework, is provided with the belt heading of battery box between the two row goods lattice in the said battery box storage shelf; Said battery box is positioned at the battery compartment of electronlmobil car body bottom; Being connected between said battery box and the said battery compartment adopts 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links to connect; Said battery compartment bottom is provided with the combined electric plug, and said battery box top is provided with the combined electric socket that cooperatively interacts with said combined electric plug; Said battery box is to be placed on the carriage in storage and transportation; Saidly comprise and change electric bay-lift that the said top of changing electric bay-lift is provided with the transfer machine from moving electric installation, the said below of changing electric bay-lift is provided with the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line; The below of the said mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line is provided with two X to track, said transfer machine by two Y to telescopic fork constitute; The said top of changing electric bay-lift is provided with the tight sleeve assembly of unlocking/locking that a plurality of and said 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links cooperate; Through the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line, the interlock of changing electric bay-lift, transfer machine said battery box is moved on X, Y, Z three-dimensional, thus realize on said battery box storage shelf automatically the access battery box, the access station with change automatic transports cell case between the electrician position, battery box automatically loaded and unloaded and changes from the battery compartment of car body bottom; Said automatic charge system comprises battery charger and automatic plug-in mechanism, said automatic plug-in mechanism be arranged on the said storage shelf and be positioned at stored battery box directly over; The external municipal source of AC of said automatic charge system can be realized charging to battery box; Said electric weight automatic metering system is used to realize detecting automatically the dump energy and the charge capacity of battery box; Said automation control system be used to realize battery box access, meet and send off, change the automatic guidance of electricity, charging and metering.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically; Wherein, The side of said battery compartment is provided with a plurality of hangers, and said hanger is a horizontal plate, and said horizontal plate is provided with centre hole; Said centre hole has the rectangle cylindrical void along directions X to both sides, and said hanger is fixed on the sidewall of said battery compartment through vertical gusset.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically; Wherein, Said 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links comprise that a mounting bracket and two ends are the lock bolt of guiding conical head, and said lock bolt is fixed on the sidewall of battery box through mounting bracket; Said mounting bracket is made up of the vertical gusset of a horizontal supporting plate and its both sides, and said horizontal supporting plate is provided with the tapped bore that cooperates with lock bolt, and said lock bolt can rotate on horizontal supporting plate; The top of said lock bolt is provided with horizontal locking pin, and the bottom of said lock bolt is provided with swivel pin, is provided with torque spring on the said lock bolt and between said horizontal locking pin and said mounting bracket horizontal plate; When said lock bolt was in physical slot, its locking pin was the Y direction, with the directions X rectangle cylindrical void square crossing of said battery compartment hanger, and said battery box and the locking of said battery compartment.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically, and wherein, a kind of technical scheme of the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking is: comprise up-down push rod and sleeve, the top of said sleeve is provided with spiral guide slot; When said sleeve under the effect of said up-down push rod during vertical uplift; Said spiral guide slot engages with the swivel pin of said lock bolt; Generation horizontally rotates power; Drive the lock bolt half-twist, make the locking pin on lock bolt top consistent, said battery box and said battery compartment release with said rectangle cylindrical void direction; When said sleeve vertically descends under the effect of said up-down push rod; Said sleeve separates with said lock bolt; Said lock bolt relies on the torsion of said torque spring to turn round 90 °; The locking pin on lock bolt top is and the square crossing of said rectangle cylindrical void direction, said battery box and the locking of said battery compartment.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically, and wherein, the another kind of technical scheme of the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking is: comprise the turnbarrel that is arranged on a leading screw top, the top of said turnbarrel is provided with perpendicular grooves; Said turnbarrel rotates under the drive of said leading screw when rising; Said groove engages with the swivel pin of said battery box lock bolt; And then drive said lock bolt half-twist; Make the locking pin on lock bolt top consistent, said battery box and said battery compartment release with said rectangle cylindrical void direction; Said turnbarrel rotates under the drive of said leading screw when descending; Said groove engages with the swivel pin of said lock bolt; And then drive 90 ° of said lock bolt opposite spins; Make the locking pin and the square crossing of said rectangle cylindrical void direction on lock bolt top, said battery box and the locking of said battery compartment.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically; Wherein, The said automatic plug-in mechanism that changes from electronlmobil is arranged on the said battery box storage shelf; Comprise plug-in push rod, guidepost and electric connector, the power of said electric connector and said battery charger is connected with communication interface; After said battery box arrives the charging station; Said plug-in push rod promotes said guidepost and said electric connector automatic lowering; Make said electric connector and said electrical outlets accurately location and autopatching, the power between realization battery box and the battery charger and the connection of communication line, the power-supply management system (BMS) in the battery box carries out communication with battery charger through the CAN bus and is connected; Through protocol handshake, configuration, battery charger charges to battery box then after the connection; Automatically outage after charging is accomplished, outage back plug-in push rod rises automatically, and electric connector pulls up the disengaging electrical outlets automatically.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically; Wherein, Said electric weight automatic metering system is real-time measurement and the estimating system of a battery charge state based on the CAN bus (SOC); The dump energy of the battery box that self-measuring is replaced and charge capacity, and the data of dump energy and charge capacity are stored in the computer system.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically, and wherein, said battery charger is and the dc charging motor of said battery box charge parameter coupling that said battery charger carries out communication with said battery box employing CAN bus and is connected.
The vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically; Wherein, Said from moving the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line in the electric installation, changing electric bay-lift and transfer machine; That up-down push rod in the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking, the motion of the plug-in push rod in the said automatic plug-in mechanism are is electric, hydraulic pressure, any form in pneumatic or the driving of more than one array configurations.
Vehicle-mounted removable of the present invention fills the technical scheme that the rapidly replacing battery method of electrical changing station is achieved automatically: utilizes above-mentioned vehicle-mounted removable to fill electrical changing station automatically and battery is changed fast comprised automatic quick-release cell process A and fast-assembling cell process B automatically with the tight sleeve assembly of spiral guide slot unlocking/locking, wherein:
Quick-release cell process A comprises the steps:
A-1, with one need change battery electronlmobil reach through the ramp or be drawn to from the car body guide track of moving electric installation top, and location through winch;
A-2, drive and to change electric bay-lift and rise, the carriage of a sky is lifted to this carriage holds under the car body till the battery box in the battery compartment;
A-3, the up-down push rod that drives in the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking drive the sleeve vertical uplift on it, and the inwall of said sleeve combines with the guiding conehead of lock bolt bottom, and sleeve and lock bolt are accurately located; Sleeve continues to rise; The swivel pin of the spiral guide slot at sleeve top and lock bolt bottom combines; Sleeve drives lock bolt and horizontally rotates 90 °; The direction of the rectangle cylindrical void on the locking pin that makes lock bolt top and the horizontal plate of battery compartment hanger is consistent, lock bolt and the release of battery compartment hanger, and the battery compartment of battery box and car body breaks away from;
A-4, drive and to change the battery box that electric bay-lift band on carriage and the carriage and drop to elemental height; Then; Drive up-down push rod band in the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking and sleeve and descend and separate with lock bolt, lock bolt is got back to physical slot after relying on the tension force of torque spring to rotate 90 °;
A-5, drive Zi move in the electric installation divide a word with a hyphen at the end of a line mechanism along X in track is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line the tunnel of battery box storage shelf, make its with the battery box storage shelf in the Y of empty goods lattice to aliging and locating; Driving change electric bay-lift rise make its with the Z of these sky goods lattice to aliging and locating; Driving will ask the carriage of battery box to deliver in the empty goods lattice of above-mentioned aligning as the telescopic fork of transfer machine; The telescopic fork that drives the transfer machine is withdrawn into original position; Driving is changed electric bay-lift decline and is resetted;
So far, the quick-release and the storage of primary battery have been accomplished;
B is following for the fast-assembling cell process:
B-1, drive from the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line of moving electric installation and align and locate to " OK " to the divide a word with a hyphen at the end of a line Y of the goods lattice that belong to a battery box that is full of electricity of track along X; Driving is changed that electric bay-lift rises and is alignd and locate to " layer " with the Z of these goods lattice; The telescopic fork of driving transfer machine stretches out load and lives to hold in the palm the carriage retraction that battery box is arranged and place it in certainly to move on the electric bay-lift of changing of electric installation 6; Then, driving is changed electric bay-lift decline and is resetted;
B-2, driving move to track along X from the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line of moving electric installation and change electrician position and location;
B-3, the up-down push rod band that drives in the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking the sleeve vertical uplift, and the inwall of sleeve combines with the guiding conehead of lock bolt bottom, and sleeve and lock bolt are accurately located; Sleeve continue to rise, and the swivel pin of the spiral guide slot at sleeve top and lock bolt bottom combines, and the direction that sleeve drive lock bolt horizontally rotates the rectangle cylindrical void on the horizontal plate of 90 ° of locking pins that make lock bolt top and battery compartment hanger is consistent;
B-4, driving are changed electric bay-lift with the battery box lifting, and the guiding conehead on lock bolt top penetrates in the center hole of battery compartment hanger horizontal plate, and battery box and battery compartment are accurately located; Change electric bay-lift and continue the battery box lifting, the locking pin of lock bolt passes the rectangle cylindrical void of battery compartment hanger horizontal plate;
B-5, change electric bay-lift the battery box lifting put in place after; Driving up-down push rod band sleeve and is vertically descended; Lock bolt relies on the tension force of torque spring to rotate 90 °; The locking pin on lock bolt top is 90 ° with rectangle cylindrical void on the hanger horizontal plate and intersects, and the battery compartment of battery box and car body bottom is connected and locks;
B-6, drive and to change electric bay-lift band and empty carriage and drop to elemental height and reset;
So far, accomplished the fast-assembling of primary battery.
Compared with prior art, the portable beneficial effect of electrical changing station automatically of batteries of electric automobile of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention becomes collection of units such as battery box storage shelf, car body guide track, battery box, the automatic fast replacing device of battery box, charge system, metering system, automation control system to be installed on the superimposed trailer, and system perfecting, compact conformation, maneuverability, investment is little, the construction period is short;
(2) the present invention forms by changing electric bay-lift, line-shifting machine, transfer machine and the tight sleeve of a plurality of unlocking/locking from moving electric installation, through the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line, the interlock of changing electric bay-lift and transfer machine battery box is moved on X, Y, Z three-dimensional; Cooperate realization locking and release fast through the tight sleeve of unlocking/locking and 90 ° of fast open locking bolts.Have battery box storage, conveying, unlocking/locking tightly, the function of changing automatically, plug into, the access of set battery case, transportation and three functions of replacing are in one.
(3) battery box of the present invention adopts 90 ° of fast open locking bolts to be connected with the car body battery compartment, carries out release and locking by the tight sleeve of unlocking/locking and spring, simple in structure, quick reliable, commonality is good, can realize automatic quick loading and unloading of battery box;
(4) the present invention adopts the BMS system based on the CAN bus that battery box is carried out Charge Management, adopts SOC (charge state real-time detection) to carry out dump energy and charge capacity metering.
To sum up; The essential distinction that the present invention and existing fixed type fill electrical changing station technology is: with battery box storage, charging, metering, carry, automatically quick change etc. function is integrated is installed on the superimposed trailer; System perfecting, compact conformation, maneuverability, it is convenient to lay, and need and newly not construct the factory buildings than the large tracts of land occupation of land; Invest little, cycle weak point, be beneficial to the electronlmobil marketing and use;
Reduction procedure of the present invention can be cancelled charge system and electric weight automatic metering system, is transformed into automatic electrical changing station of vehicle-mounted removable and concentrated battery-charging station and combines, and forms and changes electric network, realizes the concentrated charging of batteries of electric automobile, unified dispensing, distributed replacing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation sketch that vehicle-mounted removable that the present invention is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically;
Fig. 2 is electronlmobil among the present invention, battery box, carriage, moves the STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION simplified schematic diagram of electric installation certainly;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation sketch of battery box among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is (90 °) fast-open type lock bolt and a battery compartment Lifting Lug Structure exploded pictorial sketch among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is from the structural representation sketch of moving electric installation among the present invention;
Fig. 6 be battery box storage shelf among the present invention, battery box, certainly move electric installation, plug-in mechanism concerns scheme drawing automatically;
Fig. 7-the 1st has the tight sleeve assembly locking state of the unlocking/locking scheme drawing of spiral guide slot among the present invention;
Fig. 7-the 2nd has the tight sleeve assembly released state of the unlocking/locking scheme drawing of spiral guide slot among the present invention;
Fig. 7-the 3rd, the tight sleeve enlarged drawing of unlocking/locking;
Fig. 8-the 1st has the tight sleeve assembly locking state of the unlocking/locking scheme drawing of leading screw and turnbarrel among the present invention;
Fig. 8-the 2nd has the tight sleeve assembly released state of the unlocking/locking scheme drawing of leading screw and turnbarrel among the present invention;
Fig. 9 be among the present invention automatically plug-in mechanism and battery box and socket concern simplified schematic diagram;
Figure 10 is that the present invention changes electric bay-lift, transfer machine, line-shifting machine, unlocking/locking tightly the go up and down push rod and the drive controlling schematic block diagram of plug-in push rod automatically;
Among the figure:
1---superimposed trailer 2---battery box storage shelf
X is to track for 3---battery boxs 4---
5---car body guide tracks 6---are moved electric installation certainly
7---electronlmobil 8---battery compartment
9---hanger 10---battery bracket
11---the tight sleeve assemblies 12 of unlocking/locking---change electric bay-lift
13---the transfer machine 14---mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line
15---fast-open type lock bolt link 16---lock bolt
17---locking pin 18---torque spring
19---bolt mounting bracket 20---swivel pin
21---sleeve 22---up-down push rod
---20.1 leading screw 21.1---turnbarrel
23---automatic plug-in mechanism 24---plug-in push rod
25---electric connector 26---battery charger
27---control housing
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment the present invention is done to describe in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1; A kind of vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil of the present invention fills electrical changing station automatically; Comprise: traction headstock and superimposed trailer 1, said superimposed trailer 1 is for open the door in the rear portion, the low flat-bed trailer of motorless box sealing, and said superimposed trailer is moved by said traction headstock traction; Said superimposed trailer 1 is provided with battery box storage shelf 2, car body guide track 5, battery box 3, moves electric installation 6, charge system (battery charger 26), electric weight automatic metering system and automation control system (control housing 27) automatically certainly, forms a battery storage, charging thus and changes Trinitarian movable type automatically and fill electrical changing station automatically.Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 6, said battery box storage shelf 2 is the three-dimensional battery box storage shelf with a plurality of goods lattice that are made up of one two row multilayer multirow framework, is provided with the belt heading of battery box between the two row goods lattice in the said battery box storage shelf 2.
As shown in Figure 2, battery compartment 8 is installed in the bottom of car body 7, and said battery compartment 8 is set to " worker " font or " T " font, can utilize automobile front row, back seat bottom and centre gangway space so fully, increases the space that battery is installed; Sidewall at battery compartment 8 is provided with a plurality of hangers 9, is used for being connected with battery box 3; Said battery compartment 8 is provided with the combined electric plug.The control position of said battery box 3 is that battery box 3 is placed in the battery compartment 8 of electronlmobil 7 car body bottoms.Utilize from moving electric installation 6 carries out battery box 3 below car body 7 dismounting and installation, realize the automatic replacing of batteries of electric automobile case; Said battery box 3 is placed on the carriage 10 and transports.
As shown in Figure 3; Said battery box 3 matches with above-mentioned battery compartment 8 cavity shapes; Be set to " worker " font or " T " font, be standard cell case 3 detachable, that exchange, 13 connections of 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links are adopted in being connected between said battery box 3 and the said battery compartment 8; Said battery box 3 be provided with said battery compartment 8 on the electrical outlets that cooperates of electrical connector assembly; The combined electric socket and plug is connected the blind slotting mode that adopts between said battery box 3 and the said battery compartment 8; When battery box 3 is given rise to by bay-lift 12 after battery compartment 8 belows put in place; Said plug and socket autopatching realizes that the power between battery box 3 and the electronlmobil 7 is connected with communication.As shown in Figure 4, said battery compartment hanger 9 is a horizontal plate, and said horizontal plate is provided with centre hole, and said centre hole has the rectangle cylindrical void along directions X to both sides, and said hanger 9 is fixed on the sidewall of said battery compartment 8 through vertical gusset; Said 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links 15 comprise that a mounting bracket 19 and two ends are the lock bolt 16 of guiding conical head, and said lock bolt 16 is fixed on the sidewall of battery box 3 through mounting bracket 19; Said mounting bracket 19 is made up of the gusset of a horizontal supporting plate and its both sides, and said horizontal supporting plate is provided with the tapped bore that cooperates with lock bolt 16, and said lock bolt 16 can rotate on horizontal supporting plate; The top of said lock bolt 16 is provided with horizontal locking pin 17, and the bottom of said lock bolt 16 is provided with swivel pin 20, is provided with torque spring 18 on the said lock bolt 16 and between said horizontal locking pin 17 and said mounting bracket horizontal plate.
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6, saidly comprise and change electric bay-lift 12 that the said top of changing electric bay-lift 12 is provided with transfer machine 13 from moving electric installation 6, the said below of changing electric bay-lift 12 is provided with the mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line; Article two, X is arranged on the below of the said mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line to track 4, said transfer machine 13 by two Y to telescopic fork constitute; The said top of changing electric bay-lift 12 is provided with the tight sleeve assembly 11 of unlocking/locking that a plurality of and said 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links cooperate; It is said that to change electric bay-lift 12 are fork elevating platforms; This changes electric bay-lift 12 can be at Z direction vertical lift; The said mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line can divide a word with a hyphen at the end of a line to track 4 along X; The telescopic fork of said transfer machine can be flexible along the Y direction; Said from access, transportation and three functions of replacing of moving electric installation 6 set battery casees 3 in one, through the mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line, the interlock of changing electric bay-lift 12, transfer machine 13 said battery box 3 is moved on X, Y, Z three-dimensional: at the battery that the battery access station that is positioned at battery box storage shelf tunnel is arranged on the directions X, be positioned at the battery altering station under the car body and be positioned at the superimposed trailer tail end 3 stations of station of plugging into; In the Y direction 3 corresponding stop positions of row and tunnel with battery box storage shelf 2 are arranged; When Z direction storage batteries, have 3 with battery box storage shelf 2 the layer corresponding shutheight, when changing electricity, have initial bit with change two shutheights of current potential, have when battery is plugged into 1 with the cooresponding shutheight of dispensing vehicle.Therefore, the present invention can realize on said battery box storage shelf 2 automatically access battery box 3, the access station with change automatic transports cell case 3 between the electrician position, battery box 3 automatically loaded and unloaded and changes the battery compartment 8 in the car body bottom.
A kind of structure of the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking is shown in Fig. 7-1, Fig. 7-2 and Fig. 7-3, and the tight sleeve assembly 11 of this unlocking/locking comprises up-down push rod 22 and sleeve 21, and shown in Fig. 7-3, the top of said sleeve 21 is provided with spiral guide slot; When said sleeve 21 under the effect of said up-down push rod 22 during vertical uplift; Shown in Fig. 7-2; Said spiral guide slot engages with the swivel pin 20 of said lock bolt 16, produces the power that horizontally rotates, and drives lock bolt 16 half-twists; Make the locking pin 17 on lock bolt 16 tops consistent, said battery box 3 and said battery compartment 8 releases with said rectangle cylindrical void direction; When said sleeve 21 vertically descends under the effect of said up-down push rod 22; Shown in Fig. 7-1; Said sleeve 21 separates with said lock bolt 16; Said lock bolt 16 relies on the torsion of said torque spring 18 to rotate 90 °, and the locking pin 17 on lock bolt 16 tops is and the square crossing of said rectangle cylindrical void direction, said battery box 3 and said battery compartment 8 lockings.
Said automatic charge system among the present invention comprises battery charger 26 and automatic plug-in mechanism 23; Like Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 9; Said automatic plug-in mechanism 23 be arranged on the said storage shelf 2 and be positioned at stored battery box 3 directly over; Said automatic plug-in mechanism 23 comprises plug-in push rod 24, guidepost and electric connector, and the power of said electric connector 25 and said battery charger 26 is connected with communication interface; The said battery box of changing from electronlmobil 3 arrive storage shelf 2 in place after; Said plug-in push rod 24 promotes said guidepost and said electric connector 25 automatic lowerings; The electrical outlets of said electric connector 25 and said battery box 3 is accurately located and autopatching; The power between realization battery box 3 and the battery charger 26 and the connection of communication line; Power-supply management system (BMS) in the battery box 3 carries out communication with battery charger 26 through the CAN bus and is connected, and through protocol handshake, configuration, battery charger 26 is to battery box 3 chargings then after the connection; Automatically outage after charging is accomplished, outage back plug-in push rod 24 rises automatically, and electric connector 25 pulls up the disengaging electrical outlets automatically.The external municipal source of AC of said automatic charge system can be realized charging to battery box 3; Said battery charger 26 is the dc charging motors that mate with said battery box 3 charge parameters.
Said electric weight automatic metering system is used to realize detecting automatically the dump energy and the charge capacity of battery box; Said electric weight automatic metering system is real-time measurement and the estimating system of a battery charge state based on the CAN bus (SOC); The dump energy and the charge capacity of the battery box 3 that self-measuring is replaced, and the data of dump energy and charge capacity are stored in the computer system.
Said among the present invention from moving the mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line in the electric installation 6, changing electric bay-lift 12 and transfer machine 13; Up-down push rod 22 in the tight sleeve assembly 11 of said unlocking/locking; That the motion of the plug-in push rod 24 in the said automatic plug-in mechanism 23 is is electric, hydraulic pressure, any form in pneumatic or the driving of more than one array configurations, shown in figure 10.
Like Figure 10, said automation control system be used to realize battery box access, meet and send off, change the control of electricity, charging and metering.
The tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking among the present invention can also be designed to another kind of structure; Shown in Fig. 8-1 and Fig. 8-2; The tight sleeve assembly 11 of this unlocking/locking comprises the turnbarrel 21.1 that is arranged on a leading screw 20.1 tops, and the top of said turnbarrel 21.1 is provided with perpendicular grooves; Said turnbarrel 21.1 rotates under the drive of said leading screw 20.1 when rising; Shown in Fig. 8-2; Said groove engages with the swivel pin 20 of said battery box lock bolt 16; And then drive said lock bolt 16 half-twists, make the locking pin 17 on lock bolt 16 tops consistent, said battery box 3 and said battery compartment 8 releases with said rectangle cylindrical void direction; Said turnbarrel 21.1 rotates under the drive of said leading screw 20.1 when descending; Shown in Fig. 8-1; Said groove engages with the swivel pin 20 of said lock bolt 16; And then drive 90 ° of said lock bolt 16 opposite spins, make the locking pin 17 and the square crossing of said rectangle cylindrical void direction on lock bolt 16 tops, said battery box 3 and said battery compartment 8 lockings.
Utilize the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil to fill electrical changing station automatically and realize that the process of rapidly replacing battery comprises quick-release cell process A and fast-assembling cell process B, wherein:
A is following for the quick-release cell process:
A-1, with one need change battery electronlmobil 7 reach through the ramp or be drawn to from moving the car body guide track 5 of electric installation 6 tops, and location through winch;
A-2, drive and to change electric bay-lift 12 and rise, the carriage 10 of a sky is lifted to this carriage 10 holds under the car body till the battery box in the battery compartment 83;
A-3, be example with the tight sleeve assembly of unlocking/locking with spiral guide slot; Drive sleeve 21 vertical uplift that the up-down push rod 22 in the tight sleeve assembly 11 of said unlocking/locking drives on it; The inwall of said sleeve 21 combines with the guiding conehead of lock bolt 16 bottoms, and sleeve 21 and lock bolt 16 are accurately located; Sleeve 21 continues to rise; The swivel pin 20 of the spiral guide slot at sleeve 21 tops and lock bolt 16 bottoms combines; Sleeve 21 drives lock bolt 16 and horizontally rotates 90 °; Make the locking pin 17 on lock bolt 16 tops be directions X and make it consistent with the direction of rectangle cylindrical void on the horizontal plate of battery compartment hanger 9, lock bolt 16 and 9 releases of battery compartment hanger, battery box 3 breaks away from the battery compartment 8 of car body;
A-4, driving are changed electric bay-lift 12 and are dropped to elemental height with the battery box on carriage 10 and the carriage 3; Then; Drive up-down push rod 22 in the tight sleeve assembly 11 of said unlocking/locking and be with sleeve 21 to descend and opened in 16 minutes with lock bolt, lock bolt 16 is got back to physical slot after relying on the tension force of torque springs 18 to rotate 90 °;
A-5, drive from moving the mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line in the electric installation 6, the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line makes it align and locate to " OK " with the Y of empty goods lattice in the battery box storage shelf 2 in track 4 is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line the tunnel of battery box storage shelf 2 along X; Driving is changed electric bay-lift 12 and is risen and make it align and locate to " layer " with the Z of these sky goods lattice; The telescopic fork that drives transfer machine 13 will ask the carriage 10 of battery box 2 to deliver in the empty goods lattice of above-mentioned aligning, put down battery box 3; The telescopic fork that drives transfer machine 13 is withdrawn into original position; Driving is changed electric bay-lift 12 declines and is resetted;
So far, the quick-release and the storage of primary battery have been accomplished;
B is following for the fast-assembling cell process:
B-1, drive from the mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line of moving electric installation 6, the mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line divides a word with a hyphen at the end of a line to track 4 along X and aligns and locate to " OK " with the Y of the goods lattice at battery box 3 places that are full of electricity; Driving is changed that electric bay-lift 12 rises and is alignd and locate to " layer " with the Z of these goods lattice; The telescopic fork that drives transfer machine 13 stretches out to provoke to hold in the palm carriage 10 retractions that battery box 3 is arranged and place it in certainly to be moved on the electric bay-lift 12 of changing of electric installation 6; Then, driving is changed electric bay-lift 12 declines and is resetted;
B-2, driving move to track 4 along X from the mechanism 14 of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line of moving electric installation 6 and change electrician position and location;
B-3, the up-down push rod 22 that drives in the tight sleeve assembly 11 of said unlocking/locking are being with sleeve 21 vertical uplift, and the inwall of sleeve 21 combines with the guiding conehead of lock bolt 16 bottoms, and sleeve 21 and lock bolt 16 are accurately located; Sleeve 21 continues to rise; The swivel pin 20 of the spiral guide slot at sleeve 21 tops and lock bolt 16 bottoms combines, and sleeve 21 drives lock bolts 16 and horizontally rotates 90 ° of locking pins 17 that make lock bolt 16 tops to be the direction of the rectangle cylindrical void on the horizontal plate of directions X and battery compartment hanger 9 consistent;
B-4, driving are changed electric bay-lift 12 with battery box 3 liftings, and the guiding conehead on lock bolt 16 tops penetrates in the center hole of battery compartment hanger 9 horizontal plates, and battery box 3 and battery compartment 8 are accurately located; Change electric bay-lift 12 and continue battery box 3 liftings, the locking pin 17 of lock bolt 16 passes the rectangle cylindrical void of battery compartment hanger 9 horizontal plates;
B-5, change electric bay-lift 12 battery box 3 liftings put in place after; Driving up-down push rod 22 is being with sleeve 21 vertically to descend; Lock bolt 16 relies on the tension force of torque spring 18 to rotate 90 °; The locking pin 17 on lock bolt 16 tops is 90 ° with rectangle cylindrical void on hanger 9 horizontal plates and intersects, and the battery compartment 8 of battery box 3 and car body bottom is connected and locks;
B-6, drive and to change electric bay-lift 12 and be with empty carriage 10 to drop to elemental height to reset;
So far, accomplished the fast-assembling of primary battery.
In sum; The vehicle-mounted removable of electronlmobil of the present invention fill automatically electrical changing station with battery box storage shelf, car body guide track, battery box, certainly move electric installation, collection of units such as charge system, electric weight automatic metering system, automation control system become to be installed on the superimposed trailer automatically, form the Trinitarian vehicle-mounted removable of battery " store automatically, charging automatically, change automatically " and fill electrical changing station automatically.System perfecting, compact conformation, maneuverability, the convenient laying; Vehicle-mounted removable of the present invention fills electrical changing station automatically not to be needed the large tracts of land occupation of land and newly constructs the factory buildings, and the investment of building a station reduces significantly; The vehicle-mounted removable of invention fills electrical changing station automatically can factory's mass production, and the construction period shortens greatly.Enforcement of the present invention is used significant to promotion electric vehicle industrialization, the marketization.
A desirable reduction procedure of the present invention is that wherein automatic charge system and electric weight automatic metering system removed; Make the present invention be transformed to the automatic electrical changing station of a vehicle-mounted removable; It is combined with concentrated battery-charging station to form network, thereby " the concentrating charging, unified dispensing, distributed replacing " that can realize batteries of electric automobile.Although invention has been described for top combination legend; But the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment, and the above-mentioned specific embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil fills electrical changing station automatically, comprises traction headstock and superimposed trailer, and said superimposed trailer is that open the door in a rear portion, the low flat-bed trailer of motorless box sealing, and said superimposed trailer is moved by said traction headstock traction;
It is characterized in that:
Said superimposed trailer is provided with battery box storage shelf, car body guide track, battery box, moves electric installation, charge system, electric weight automatic metering system and automation control system automatically certainly, forms a battery storage, charging thus and changes Trinitarian movable type automatically and fill electrical changing station automatically;
Said battery box storage shelf is the three-dimensional battery box storage shelf with a plurality of goods lattice that is made up of one two row multilayer multirow framework, is provided with the belt heading of battery box between the two row goods lattice in the said battery box storage shelf;
Said battery box is positioned at the battery compartment of electronlmobil car body bottom; Being connected between said battery box and the said battery compartment adopts 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links to connect; Said battery compartment bottom is provided with the combined electric plug, and said battery box top is provided with the combined electric socket that cooperatively interacts with battery compartment combined electric plug; Said battery box is to be placed on the carriage in storage and transportation;
Saidly comprise and change electric bay-lift that the said top of changing electric bay-lift is provided with the transfer machine from moving electric installation, the said below of changing electric bay-lift is provided with the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line; The below of the said mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line is provided with two X to track, said transfer machine by two Y to telescopic fork constitute; The said top of changing electric bay-lift is provided with the tight sleeve assembly of unlocking/locking that a plurality of and said 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links cooperate; Through the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line, the interlock of changing electric bay-lift, transfer machine said battery box is moved on X, Y, Z three-dimensional, thus realize on said battery box storage shelf automatically the access battery box, the access station with change automatic transports cell case between the electrician position, battery box automatically loaded and unloaded and changes from the battery compartment of car body bottom;
Said automatic charge system comprises battery charger and automatic plug-in mechanism; Said automatic plug-in mechanism be arranged on the said storage shelf and be positioned at stored battery box directly over, the external municipal source of AC of said automatic charge system can be realized charging to battery box;
Said electric weight automatic metering system is used to realize detecting automatically the dump energy and the charge capacity of battery box;
Said automation control system be used to realize battery box access, meet and send off, change the automatic guidance of electricity, charging and metering.
2. the vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil according to claim 1 fills electrical changing station automatically; It is characterized in that: the side of said battery compartment is provided with a plurality of hangers; Said hanger is a horizontal plate; Said horizontal plate is provided with center hole, and said center hole has the rectangle cylindrical void along directions X to both sides, and said hanger is fixed on the sidewall of said battery compartment through vertical gusset; Said 90 ° of fast-open type lock bolt links comprise that a mounting bracket and two ends are the lock bolt of guiding conical head, and said lock bolt is fixed on the sidewall of battery box through mounting bracket; Said mounting bracket is made up of the vertical gusset of a horizontal supporting plate and its both sides, and said horizontal supporting plate is provided with the tapped bore that cooperates with lock bolt, and said lock bolt can rotate on horizontal supporting plate; The top of said lock bolt is provided with horizontal locking pin, and the bottom of said lock bolt is provided with swivel pin, is provided with torque spring on the said lock bolt and between said horizontal locking pin and said horizontal supporting plate; When said lock bolt was in physical slot, its locking pin was the Y direction, with the directions X rectangle cylindrical void square crossing of said battery compartment hanger, and said battery box and the locking of said battery compartment.
3. the vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil according to claim 2 fills electrical changing station automatically, it is characterized in that: the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking comprises up-down push rod and sleeve, and the top of said sleeve is provided with spiral guide slot.
4. the vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil according to claim 2 fills electrical changing station automatically, it is characterized in that: the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking comprises the turnbarrel that is arranged on a leading screw top, and the top of said turnbarrel is provided with perpendicular grooves.
5. the vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil according to claim 3 fills electrical changing station automatically; It is characterized in that: said automatic plug-in mechanism is arranged on the said battery box storage shelf; Comprise plug-in push rod, guidepost and electric connector, the power of said electric connector and said battery charger is connected with communication interface; After the said battery box of changing from electronlmobil arrives the charging station; Said plug-in push rod promotes said guidepost and said electric connector automatic lowering; Make said electric connector and combined electric socket accurately location and autopatching, the power between realization battery box and the battery charger and the connection of communication line, the power-supply management system BMS in the battery box carries out communication with battery charger through the CAN bus and is connected; Through protocol handshake, configuration, battery charger charges to battery box then after the connection; Automatically outage after charging is accomplished, outage back plug-in push rod rises automatically, and electric connector pulls up the disengaging electrical outlets automatically.
6. the vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil according to claim 1 fills electrical changing station automatically; It is characterized in that: said electric weight automatic metering system is real-time measurement and the estimating system of a battery charge state based on the CAN bus (SOC); The dump energy of the battery box that self-measuring is replaced and charge capacity, and the data of dump energy and charge capacity are stored in the computer system.
7. the vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil according to claim 1 fills electrical changing station automatically; It is characterized in that: said battery charger is and the dc charging motor of said battery box charge parameter coupling that said battery charger carries out communication with said battery box employing CAN bus and is connected.
8. the vehicle-mounted removable that is used for electronlmobil according to claim 5 fills electrical changing station automatically; It is characterized in that: said from moving the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line in the electric installation, changing electric bay-lift and transfer machine; That up-down push rod in the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking, the motion of the plug-in push rod in the said automatic plug-in mechanism are is electric, hydraulic pressure, any form in pneumatic or the driving of more than one array configurations.
9. rapidly replacing battery method that vehicle-mounted removable fills electrical changing station automatically; It is characterized in that: utilize vehicle-mounted removable as claimed in claim 3 to fill electrical changing station automatically and battery is changed fast comprised automatic quick-release cell process A and automatic fast-assembling cell process B, wherein:
Quick-release cell process A comprises the steps:
A-1, with one need change battery electronlmobil (7) reach through the ramp or be drawn to from the car body guide track (5) of moving electric installation (6) top, and location through winch;
A-2, drive and to change electric bay-lift (12) and rise, till the carriage (10) of a sky is lifted to this carriage (10) and holds the battery box (3) in the battery compartment under the car body (8);
A-3, the up-down push rod (22) that drives in the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking (11) drive sleeve (21) vertical uplift on it; The inwall of said sleeve (21) combines with the guiding conehead of lock bolt (16) bottom, and sleeve (21) and lock bolt (16) are accurately located; Sleeve (21) continues to rise; The swivel pin (20) of the spiral guide slot at sleeve (21) top and lock bolt (16) bottom combines; Sleeve (21) drives lock bolt (16) and horizontally rotates 90 °; The direction of the rectangle cylindrical void on the locking pin (17) that makes lock bolt (16) top and the horizontal plate of battery compartment hanger (9) is consistent, lock bolt (16) and battery compartment hanger (9) release, and battery box (3) breaks away from the battery compartment (8) of car body;
A-4, driving are changed electric bay-lift (12) and are dropped to elemental height with the battery box (3) on carriage (10) and the carriage; Then; Drive up-down push rod (22) in the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking and be with sleeve (21) to descend and separate with lock bolt (16), lock bolt (16) is got back to physical slot after relying on 90 ° of the tension force rotations of torque spring (18);
A-5, drive Zi move in the electric installation (6) the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line (14) along X in track (4) is divided a word with a hyphen at the end of a line the tunnel of battery box storage shelf (2), make its with battery box storage shelf (2) in the Y of empty goods lattice to aliging and locating; Driving change electric bay-lift (12) rise make its with the Z of these sky goods lattice to aliging and locating; The telescopic fork that drives the transfer machine will ask the carriage (10) of battery box (3) to deliver in the empty goods lattice of above-mentioned aligning, put down battery box; The telescopic fork that drives the transfer machine is withdrawn into original position; Driving is changed electric bay-lift (12) and is descended and reset;
So far, the quick-release and the storage of primary battery have been accomplished;
B is following for the fast-assembling cell process:
B-1, drive from the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line (14) of moving electric installation (6) and align and locate to " OK " to the divide a word with a hyphen at the end of a line Y that belongs to the goods lattice with a battery box (3) that is full of electricity of track (4) along X; Driving is changed that electric bay-lift (12) rises and is alignd and locate to " layer " with the Z of these goods lattice; The telescopic fork that drives transfer machine (13) stretches out the carriage (10) of provoking battery box (3) and bounces back and place it in from moving the changing on the electric bay-lift (12) of electric installation (6); Then, drive and to change electric bay-lift (12) and descend and reset;
B-2, driving move to track (4) along X from the mechanism of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line (14) of moving electric installation (6) and change electrician position and location;
B-3, the up-down push rod (22) that drives in the tight sleeve assembly of said unlocking/locking (11) are being with sleeve (21) vertical uplift; The inwall of sleeve (21) combines with the guiding conehead of lock bolt (16) bottom, and sleeve (21) and lock bolt (16) are accurately located; Sleeve (21) continues to rise; The swivel pin (20) of the spiral guide slot at sleeve (21) top and lock bolt (16) bottom combines, and the direction that sleeve (21) drives the rectangle cylindrical void on the horizontal plate that lock bolt (16) horizontally rotates 90 ° of locking pins (17) that make lock bolt (16) top and battery compartment hanger (9) is consistent;
B-4, driving are changed electric bay-lift (12) with battery box (3) lifting, and the guiding conehead on lock bolt (16) top penetrates in the center hole of battery compartment hanger (9) horizontal plate, make accurately location of battery box (3) and battery compartment (8); Change electric bay-lift (12) and continue battery box (3) lifting, the locking pin (17) of lock bolt (16) passes the rectangle cylindrical void of battery compartment hanger (9) horizontal plate;
B-5, change electric bay-lift (12) battery box (3) lifting put in place after; Drive up-down push rod (22) and be with the vertical decline of sleeve (21); Lock bolt (16) relies on the tension force of torque spring (18) to rotate 90 °; The locking pin (17) on lock bolt (16) top intersects for 90 ° with rectangle cylindrical void on hanger (9) horizontal plate, the battery compartment (8) of battery box (3) and car body bottom is connected and locks;
B-6, drive and to change electric bay-lift (12) and be with empty carriage (10) to drop to elemental height to reset; So far, accomplished the fast-assembling of primary battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101420995A CN102180200B (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2011-05-30 | Automatic vehicle-mounted mobile power charging and exchanging station for electric vehicle and method for quickly exchanging battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101420995A CN102180200B (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2011-05-30 | Automatic vehicle-mounted mobile power charging and exchanging station for electric vehicle and method for quickly exchanging battery |
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| CN102180200A CN102180200A (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| CN102180200B true CN102180200B (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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| CN2011101420995A Active CN102180200B (en) | 2011-05-30 | 2011-05-30 | Automatic vehicle-mounted mobile power charging and exchanging station for electric vehicle and method for quickly exchanging battery |
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