TWI731909B - 著色組合物 - Google Patents
著色組合物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI731909B TWI731909B TW105140947A TW105140947A TWI731909B TW I731909 B TWI731909 B TW I731909B TW 105140947 A TW105140947 A TW 105140947A TW 105140947 A TW105140947 A TW 105140947A TW I731909 B TWI731909 B TW I731909B
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- -1 cyanine compound Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 169
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- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical class [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 100
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 58
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 38
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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Abstract
一種著色組合物,其含有花青化合物之至少一種(α)、具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物(β)以及平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ),並且上述平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)之含量為著色組合物之固形物中之32~82質量%。相對於具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物(β)之固形物與上述平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)之固形物的合計量100質量份,含有合計0.01~10.0質量份之花青化合物之至少一種(α)。上述平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)較佳為膠體氧化矽。
Description
本發明係關於一種含有花青化合物、於一分子內具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物以及平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子之著色組合物、以及使用該著色組合物之波長截止濾波器。
數位靜態相機、攝錄影機、行動電話用相機等中所使用之固體攝像元件(CCD(Charge-Coupled Device,電荷耦合元件)或C-MOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor,互補金屬氧化物半導體)等)之感度係自光之波長的紫外範圍遍及至紅外範圍。另一方面,人之可見度僅為光之波長的可見光範圍。因此,藉由於攝像透鏡與固體攝像元件之間設置紅外線截止濾波器,而以接近於人之可見度之方式修正固體攝像元件之感度。 作為紅外線截止濾波器,已知有如下濾波器:將含有不具有吸收特性之物質之層組合並積層多層,利用該等之折射率差的反射型濾波器;或使光吸收劑含有於透明基板中或與透明基板結合之吸收型濾波器。 尤其於吸收型濾波器中,因製造時之加熱處理等而引起光吸收劑之劣化,引起紅外線阻斷能力之下降的情況成問題。 於專利文獻1中記載有含有聚矽氧及高分子分散劑之塗料,於專利文獻2中記載有含有氧化矽微粒子及樹脂之紫外光雷射曝光彩色濾光片用光硬化性藍色著色組合物,於專利文獻3中記載有含有樹脂及氧化矽微粒子之藍色感光性著色組合物。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] [專利文獻1]日本專利特開2006-273942號公報 [專利文獻2]日本專利特表2011-221310號公報 [專利文獻3]日本專利特開2013-171276號公報
然而,專利文獻1~3中所記載之組合物等並非用作吸收型濾波器者,又,就與無機材料之密接性之方面而言並不充分。 因此,本發明之目的在於提供一種與無機蒸鍍膜或無機濺鍍膜等無機材料之密接性優異之著色組合物。又,本發明之另一目的在於提供一種使用上述著色組合物之波長截止濾波器。 本發明者反覆進行了潛心研究,結果發現,含有花青化合物之至少一種(α)、具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物(β)以及平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)的著色組合物提昇使用其之波長截止濾波器與無機材料之密接性,適合於固體攝像裝置等中所使用之波長截止濾波器,從而達成了本發明。 本發明提供一種著色組合物,其含有花青化合物之至少一種(α)、具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物(β)以及平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ),並且上述平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)之含量為著色組合物之固形物中之32~82質量%。 又,本發明提供一種上述著色組合物之硬化物。 [發明之效果] 含有花青化合物之至少一種(α)、具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物(β)以及平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)的本發明之著色組合物係與無機材料之密接性優異。又,其硬化物適合於波長截止濾波器。
以下,根據較佳之實施形態對本發明之著色組合物進行說明。 本發明之著色組合物含有花青化合物之至少一種(α)(以下亦稱為花青化合物(α))、具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物(β)(以下亦稱為聚合性化合物(β))、平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)、以及視需要進而含有之具有不飽和鍵之單體(ω)、聚合起始劑(δ)及溶劑(σ)。以下,依序對各成分進行說明。 <花青化合物(α)> 本發明之著色組合物中所使用之花青化合物(α)並無特別限制,可使用先前公知者,就獲取容易性之觀點而言,較佳為下述通式(II)所表示者。 [化1](式中,環A及A'分別獨立地表示苯環、萘環、菲環或吡啶環, R11
及R11'
分別獨立地表示羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、-SO3
H、羧基、胺基、醯胺基、二茂金屬基、碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳烷基或碳原子數1~8之烷基, X11
及X11'
分別獨立地表示氧原子、硫原子、硒原子、-CR23
R24
-、碳原子數3~6之環烷烴-1,1-二基或-NR25
-, R23
、R24
及R25
分別獨立地表示氫原子、羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、-SO3
H、羧基、胺基、醯胺基、二茂金屬基、碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳烷基或碳原子數1~8之烷基, Y11
及Y11'
分別獨立地表示氫原子、或可經羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、-SO3
H、羧基、胺基、醯胺基或二茂金屬基取代之碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳烷基或碳原子數1~8之烷基, 上述R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
、R23
、R24
及R25
中之芳基、芳烷基及烷基之氫原子亦存在經羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、-SO3
H、羧基、胺基、醯胺基或二茂金屬基取代之情形,上述R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
、R23
、R24
及R25
中之芳烷基及烷基中之亞甲基亦存在經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2
-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或雙鍵-取代之情形, Q表示構成碳原子數1~9之次甲基鏈且於鏈中可含有環結構之連結基,該次甲基鏈中之氫原子亦存在經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基或烷基取代之情形,該-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基及烷基之氫原子亦存在進而經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或-NRR'取代之情形,亦存在經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2
-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷之情形, R及R'表示碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳烷基或碳原子數1~8之烷基, r及r'表示0或環A及環A'中之可取代之數, Anq-
表示q價之陰離子,q表示1或2,p表示將電荷保持於中性之係數) 作為上述通式(II)中之R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
所表示之鹵素原子,可列舉:氟、氯、溴、碘。 作為上述通式(II)中之R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
所表示之胺基,可列舉:胺基、乙基胺基、二甲基胺基、二乙基胺基、丁基胺基、環戊基胺基、2-乙基己基胺基、十二烷基胺基、苯胺基、氯苯基胺基、甲苯胺基、甲氧苯胺基、N-甲基-苯胺基、二苯基胺基、萘基胺基、2-吡啶基胺基、甲氧基羰基胺基、苯氧基羰基胺基、乙醯基胺基、苯甲醯基胺基、甲醯基胺基、特戊醯基胺基、月桂醯基胺基、胺甲醯基胺基、N,N-二甲基胺基羰基胺基、N,N-二乙基胺基羰基胺基、嗎啉基羰基胺基、甲氧基羰基胺基、乙氧基羰基胺基、第三丁氧基羰基胺基、正十八烷氧基羰基胺基、N-甲基-甲氧基羰基胺基、苯氧基羰基胺基、胺磺醯基胺基、N,N-二甲基胺基磺醯基胺基、甲基磺醯基胺基、丁基磺醯基胺基、苯基磺醯基胺基等。 作為上述通式(II)中之R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
所表示之醯胺基,可列舉:甲醯胺、乙醯胺(acetamide)、乙基醯胺(ethyl amide)、異丙基醯胺、丁基醯胺、辛基醯胺、壬基醯胺、癸基醯胺、十一烷基醯胺、十二烷基醯胺、十六烷基醯胺、十八烷基醯胺、(2-乙基己基)醯胺、苯甲醯胺、三氟乙醯胺、五氟苯甲醯胺、二甲醯胺、二乙醯胺、二乙基醯胺、二異丙基醯胺、二丁基醯胺、二辛基醯胺、二壬基醯胺、二癸基醯胺、二(十一烷基)醯胺、二(十二烷基)醯胺、二(2-乙基己基)醯胺、二苯甲醯胺、二-三氟乙醯胺、二-五氟苯甲醯胺等; 作為上述通式(II)中之R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
所表示之二茂金屬基,可列舉:二茂鐵基、二茂鎳基、二茂鋯基、二茂鈦基、二茂鉿基等。 作為上述通式(II)中之R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
、R、R'及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
所表示之碳原子數6~30之芳基,可列舉:苯基、萘基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、4-乙烯基苯基、3-異丙基苯基、4-異丙基苯基、4-丁基苯基、4-異丁基苯基、4-第三丁基苯基、4-己基苯基、4-環己基苯基、4-辛基苯基、4-(2-乙基己基)苯基、4-硬脂基苯基、2,3-二甲基苯基、2,4-二甲基苯基、2,5-二甲基苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、3,4-二甲基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基、2,4-二第三丁基苯基、2,5-二第三丁基苯基、2,6-二第三丁基苯基、2,4-二第三戊基苯基、2,5-二第三戊基苯基、2,5-二第三辛基苯基、2,4-二異丙苯基苯基、4-環己基苯基、(1,1'-聯苯基)-4-基、2,4,5-三甲基苯基、二茂鐵基等。 作為上述通式(II)中之R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
、R、R'及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
所表示之碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,可列舉:苄基、苯乙基、2-苯基丙烷-2-基、二苯基甲基、三苯基甲基、苯乙烯基、苯烯丙基、二茂鐵基甲基、二茂鐵基丙基等。 作為上述通式(II)中之R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
、R、R'及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
所表示之碳原子數1~8之烷基,可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、己基、2-己基、3-己基、環己基、1-甲基環己基、庚基、2-庚基、3-庚基、異庚基、第三庚基、1-辛基、異辛基、第三辛基等。 作為上述R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
中之氫原子可經羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、-SO3
H基、羧基、胺基、醯胺基或二茂金屬基取代之碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳烷基及碳原子數1~8之烷基,可列舉上述R11
等之說明中所例示之芳基、芳烷基及烷基中之氫原子經羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、-SO3
H基、羧基、胺基、醯胺基或二茂金屬基取代者,該等取代基之位置及個數並無特別限制。 又,於上述R11
、R11'
及Y11
、Y11'
中之R21
及R22
以及X11
及X11'
中之R23
、R24
及R25
中之芳烷基及烷基中之亞甲基經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2
-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或雙鍵取代之情形時,該等取代之個數及位置為任意。 例如作為上述碳原子數1~8之烷基之氫原子經鹵素原子取代之基,例如可列舉:氯甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、九氟丁基等; 作為上述碳原子數1~8之烷基經-O-中斷之基,可列舉:甲氧基、乙氧基、異丙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、異戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基、辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基等烷氧基,或2-甲氧基乙基、2-(2-甲氧基)乙氧基乙基、2-乙氧基乙基、2-丁氧基乙基、4-甲氧基丁基、3-甲氧基丁基等烷氧基烷基等; 作為上述碳原子數1~8之烷基之氫原子經鹵素原子取代且經-O-中斷之基,例如可列舉:氯甲氧基、二氯甲氧基、三氯甲氧基、氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、九氟丁氧基等。 上述通式(II)中,作為X11
及X11'
所表示之碳原子數3~6之環烷烴-1,1-二基,可列舉:環丙烷-1,1-二基、環丁烷-1,1-二基、2,4-二甲基環丁烷-1,1-二基、3,3-二甲基環丁烷-1,1-二基、環戊烷-1,1-二基、環己烷-1,1-二基等。 作為上述通式(II)中之Q所表示之構成碳原子數1~9之次甲基鏈且於鏈中可含有環結構之連結基,下述(Q-1)~(Q-11)之任一者所表示之基由於製造較容易,故而較佳。碳原子數1~9之次甲基鏈中之碳原子數表示次甲基鏈及於鏈中可含有環結構之連結基,不包含對該連結基進而進行取代之基(例如下述R14
~R19
、Z')的碳原子(例如連結基(Q-1)之兩末端之碳原子)。 [化2](式中,R14
、R15
、R16
、R17
、R18
、R19
及Z'分別獨立地表示氫原子、羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基或烷基,該-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基及烷基之氫原子亦存在經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或-NRR'取代之情形,亦存在經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2
-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷之情形, R及R'表示芳基、芳烷基或烷基) 作為上述R14
、R15
、R16
、R17
、R18
、R19
及Z'所表示之鹵素原子、芳基、芳烷基或烷基,可列舉R11
等之說明中所例示者,作為R及R'所表示之芳基、芳烷基或烷基,可列舉R11
等之說明中所例示者。 作為可將Q所表示之碳原子數1~9之次甲基鏈之氫原子取代的芳基、芳烷基、烷基及鹵素原子,可列舉R11
等之說明中所例示者,作為可將該等芳基、芳烷基、烷基之氫原子取代的鹵素原子,可列舉R11
等之說明中所例示者。 作為可將R11
、R11'
、Y11
、Y11'
、R23
、R24
及R25
所表示之芳基、芳烷基、烷基之氫原子取代的鹵素原子、胺基、醯胺基及二茂金屬基,可列舉R11
等之說明中所例示者。 作為上述通式(II)中之pAnq-
所表示之q價之陰離子,除了甲磺酸根陰離子、十二烷基磺酸根陰離子、苯磺酸根陰離子、甲苯磺酸根陰離子、三氟甲磺酸根陰離子、萘磺酸根陰離子、二苯基胺-4-磺酸根陰離子、2-胺基-4-甲基-5-氯苯磺酸根陰離子、2-胺基-5-硝基苯磺酸根陰離子、萘二磺酸根陰離子、萘酚磺酸根陰離子、雙(三氟甲磺醯基)醯亞胺酸根陰離子、日本專利特開平10-235999號公報、日本專利特開平10-337959號公報、日本專利特開平11-102088號公報、日本專利特開2000-108510號公報、日本專利特開2000-168223號公報、日本專利特開2001-209969號公報、日本專利特開2001-322354號公報、日本專利特開2006-248180號公報、日本專利特開2006-297907號公報、日本專利特開平8-253705號公報、日本專利特表2004-503379號公報、日本專利特開2005-336150號公報、國際公開2006/28006號公報等中所記載之磺酸根陰離子等有機磺酸根陰離子以外,還可列舉:氯化物離子、溴化物離子、碘化物離子、氟化物離子、氯酸根離子、硫氰酸根離子、六氟磷酸根離子、六氟銻酸根離子、四氟硼酸根離子、辛基磷酸根離子、十二烷基磷酸根離子、十八烷基磷酸根離子、苯基磷酸根離子、壬基苯基磷酸根離子、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)膦酸根離子、四(五氟苯基)硼酸根離子、具有使處於激發狀態之活性分子脫激發(淬滅)的功能之淬滅陰離子,或於環戊二烯基環上具有羧基或膦酸基、磺酸基等陰離子性基之二茂鐵、二茂釕等茂金屬化合物陰離子等。 作為本發明中所使用之花青化合物(α)之具體例,可列舉下述化合物No.1-~104。再者,於以下之例示中,以省略陰離子之花青陽離子表示。 [化3][化4][化5][化6][化7][化8][化9][化10][化11][化12][化13]於上述通式(II)所表示之化合物中,較佳為以下者。 環A或環A'為苯環或萘環者。 r或r'為0~2者。 於r或r'為1以上之情形時,R11
及R11'
為鹵素原子、硝基、羧基、二茂鐵基、未經取代之碳原子數1~8(尤其是1~4)之烷基或碳原子數1~8(尤其是1~4)之經鹵素取代之烷基者。X11
及X11'
為氧原子、硫原子、-CR23
R24
[尤其是R23
及R24
為存在未經取代或經鹵素原子取代之情形亦存在經雙鍵取代之情形的碳原子數1~8(尤其是1~4)之烷基、存在未經取代或經鹵素原子取代之情形亦存在經雙鍵取代之情形的碳原子數7~20(尤其是7~15)之芳烷基]或碳原子數3~6之環烷烴-1,1-二基者。進而,更佳為氧原子、硫原子、-CR23
R24
-[尤其是R23
及R24
為未經取代之碳原子數1~4之烷基]。 Y11
及Y11'
為存在經鹵素原子、硝基、羧基或二茂鐵基取代之情形亦存在經氧原子或-CO-取代之情形的碳原子數6~30(尤其是6~12)之芳基、碳原子數7~30(尤其是7~15)之芳烷基或碳原子數1~8之烷基者。進而,更佳為存在經鹵素原子取代之情形亦存在經氧原子取代之情形的碳原子數7~30(尤其是7~15)之芳烷基或碳原子數1~8之烷基。 Q為構成碳原子數7或9之次甲基鏈者。又,為構成碳原子數7或9之次甲基鏈且該次甲基鏈中之氫原子經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或芳基取代者。又,為構成碳原子數7或9之次甲基鏈且於鏈中具有環結構者。 關於本發明中所使用之花青化合物(α),其製造方法並無特別限制,可藉由利用周知之一般反應之方法而獲得,例如可列舉:如日本專利特開2010-209191號公報中所記載之路徑般,藉由具有相應結構之化合物與亞胺衍生物之反應而進行合成之方法。 本發明中所使用之花青化合物(α)較佳為塗膜之極大吸收波長(λmax)為650~1200 nm,進而較佳為650~900 nm。若塗膜之極大吸收波長(λmax)超過1200 nm,則無法發揮本發明之效果,若未達650 nm,則吸收可見光線,故而欠佳。 關於本發明之著色組合物中之上述花青化合物(α)之含量,按照單獨或複數種之合計,相對於下述聚合性化合物(β)之固形物與下述膠體氧化矽(γ)之固形物的合計量100質量份,花青化合物之至少一種(α)之合計為0.01~10質量份。若花青化合物(α)之含量小於0.01質量份,則存在本發明之硬化物無法獲得充分之紅外線遮蔽能力之情形,若大於10質量份,則存在於著色組合物中產生花青化合物(α)的析出之情形。 <聚合性化合物(β)> 作為上述聚合性化合物(β),只要為於一分子內具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物,則並無特別限制,可使用先前使用者。 作為親水性基,可列舉羥基、硫醇基、羧基、磺基、胺基、醯胺基或其鹽等,羥基及羧基由於聚合性化合物(β)於鹼中之溶解性較高,故而較佳。 聚合性化合物(β)中之親水性基之較佳之官能基當量(包含親水性基1當量之聚合性化合物之質量)為50~10000。 聚合性化合物(β)之較佳之質量平均分子量為1000~500000。 於上述聚合性化合物(β)中,具有下述通式(I-1)所表示之單元、下述通式(I-2)所表示之單元及下述通式(I-3)所表示之單元者由於顯影性或耐熱性較高,故而較佳。 [化14](式中,X1
表示氫原子或甲基,Y1
為二價之鍵結基,R1
表示碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基或碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,該烷基、芳基及芳烷基之氫原子亦存在經鹵素原子、羥基或硝基取代之情形,該烷基及芳烷基中之亞甲基亦存在經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-或-NH-、或該等之組合之鍵結基取代之情形,R2
、R3
及R4
分別獨立為氫原子或甲基) 作為上述通式(I-2)中之Y1
所表示之二價鍵結基,並無特別限制,可較佳地列舉下述通式(1)所表示之結構。 [化15](式中,X2
表示-CR5
R6
-、-NR7
-、二價之碳原子數1~35之鏈狀烴基、二價之碳原子數3~35之脂環式烴基、二價之碳原子數6~35之芳香族烴基、二價之碳原子數2~35之含雜環基、或下述(1-1)~(1-3)所表示之任一取代基,R5
、R6
及R7
表示氫原子、碳原子數1~8之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基或碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,Z1
及Z2
分別獨立地表示直接鍵結、-O-、-S-、-SO2
-、-SO-、-NR7
-或-PR8
-,R8
表示氫原子、碳原子數1~8之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基或碳原子數7~30之芳烷基, 上述R5
、R6
、R7
及R8
中之烷基、芳基及芳烷基之氫原子亦存在經鹵素原子、羥基或硝基取代之情形,上述R5
、R6
、R7
及R8
中之烷基及芳烷基中之亞甲基亦存在經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-或-NH-基取代之情形。其中,上述通式(1)所表示之基之碳原子數在1~35之範圍內) [化16](上述式中,R71
表示氫原子、可具有取代基之苯基或碳原子數3~10之環烷基, R72
表示碳原子數1~10之烷基、碳原子數1~10之烷氧基、碳原子數2~10之烯基或鹵素原子,上述烷基、烷氧基及烯基亦存在具有取代基之情形, f為0~5之整數) [化17][化18](上述式中,R73
及R74
分別獨立地表示亦存在具有取代基之情形之碳原子數1~10之烷基、亦存在具有取代基之情形之碳原子數6~30之芳基、亦存在具有取代基之情形之碳原子數6~30之芳氧基、亦存在具有取代基之情形之碳原子數6~30之芳硫基、亦存在具有取代基之情形之碳原子數6~30之芳烯基、亦存在具有取代基之情形之碳原子數7~30之芳烷基、亦存在具有取代基之情形之碳原子數2~20之含雜環基或鹵素原子, 該烷基及芳烷基中之亞甲基亦存在經不飽和鍵、-O-或-S-中斷之情形, R73
亦存在由鄰接之R73
彼此形成環之情形, d表示0~4之數, f表示0~8之數,g表示0~4之數, h表示0~4之數, g與h之數之合計為2~4) 作為上述通式(I-3)中之R1
所表示之碳原子數6~30之芳基或碳原子數7~20之芳烷基,可列舉作為上述(α)成分之花青化合物之說明中所例示之芳基或芳烷基。 作為碳原子數1~20之烷基,除了上述花青化合物(α)之說明中所例示之烷基以外,還可列舉:壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十三烷基、異十三烷基、十四烷基、十六烷基、十七烷基、十八烷基等。 作為可將R1
所表示之碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~20之芳烷基及碳原子數1~20之烷基之氫原子取代的鹵素原子,可列舉作為上述(α)成分之花青化合物之說明中所例示之鹵素原子。 上述通式(1)中,作為X2
所表示之二價之碳原子數1~35之鏈狀烴基,可列舉:甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、異丙烷、丁烷、第二丁烷、第三丁烷、異丁烷、己烷、2-甲基己烷、3-甲基己烷、庚烷、2-甲基庚烷、3-甲基庚烷、異庚烷、第三庚烷、1-甲基辛烷、異辛烷、第三辛烷等經Z1
及Z2
取代而成之基; 作為二價之碳原子數3~35之脂環式烴基,可列舉:環丙烷、環丁烷、環戊烷、環己烷、環庚烷、2,4-二甲基環丁烷、4-甲基環己烷等經Z1
及Z2
取代而成之基等; 作為二價之碳原子數6~35之芳香族烴基,可列舉:伸苯基、伸萘基、聯苯基等基經Z1
及Z2
取代而成之基等, 作為二價之碳原子數2~35之含雜環基,可列舉:吡啶、吡𠯤、哌啶、哌𠯤、嘧啶、嗒𠯤、三𠯤、六氫三𠯤、呋喃、四氫呋喃、𠳭唍、
、噻吩、硫戊環等經Z1
及Z2
取代而成之基,該等基亦可組合複數種。又,該等鏈狀烴基、脂環式烴基及芳香族烴基亦可經鹵素原子(氟、氯、溴、碘)、羥基或硝基取代。又,該等鏈狀烴基、脂環式烴基及芳香族烴基中之亞甲基亦存在經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-或-NH-基取代之情形。 作為上述通式(1)中之R5
、R6
、R7
及R8
所表示之碳原子數1~8之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基或碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,可列舉上述花青化合物(α)之說明中所例示之烷基、芳基、芳烷基, 上述R5
、R6
、R7
及R8
中之烷基、芳基及芳烷基亦存在經鹵素原子(氟、氯、溴、碘)、羥基或硝基取代之情形,上述R5
、R6
及R7
中之烷基及芳烷基中之亞甲基亦存在經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-NH-或將該等基組合複數種而成之基中斷之情形,該等之取代位置及中斷位置並無特別限制。 於上述(1-1)所表示之取代基中,作為R71
所表示之碳原子數3~10之環烷基,可列舉:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環庚基、環辛基等, 作為R72
所表示之碳原子數1~10之烷基,可列舉作為R1
所表示之碳原子數1~40之烷基所例示之基中滿足特定碳原子數之基等; 作為R72
所表示之碳原子數1~10之烷氧基,可列舉:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、丁氧基、第二丁氧基、第三丁氧基、異丁氧基、戊氧基、異戊氧基、第三戊氧基、己氧基、環己氧基、庚氧基、異庚氧基、第三庚氧基、正辛氧基、異辛氧基、第三辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基、壬氧基、癸氧基等; 作為R72
所表示之碳原子數2~10之烯基,可列舉:乙烯基、1-甲基乙烯基、2-甲基乙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-甲基-3-丙烯基、3-丁烯基、1-甲基-3-丁烯基、異丁烯基、3-戊烯基、4-己烯基、環己烯基、庚烯基、辛烯基、癸烯基等; 作為R72
所表示之鹵素原子,可列舉上述花青化合物(α)之說明中所例示之鹵素原子。 作為R72
所表示之烷基、烷氧基及烯基可具有之取代基,可列舉:鹵素原子(氟、氯、溴、碘)、羥基、硝基。 於上述(1-3)所表示之基中,作為R73
及R74
所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數1~10之烷基,可列舉作為R1
所表示之碳原子數1~20之烷基所例示之基中滿足特定碳原子數之基等; 作為R73
及R74
所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~30之芳基,可列舉作為R11
等所表示之碳原子數6~30之芳基所例示之基等; 作為R73
及R74
所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~30之芳氧基,可列舉:苯氧基、萘氧基、2-甲基苯氧基、3-甲基苯氧基、4-甲基苯氧基、4-乙烯基苯基二氧基、3-異丙基苯氧基、4-異丙基苯氧基、4-丁基苯氧基、4-第三丁基苯氧基、4-己基苯氧基、4-環己基苯氧基、4-辛基苯氧基、4-(2-乙基己基)苯氧基、2,3-二甲基苯氧基、2,4-二甲基苯氧基、2,5-二甲基苯氧基、2,6-二甲基苯氧基、3,4-二甲基苯氧基、3,5-二甲基苯氧基、2,4-二第三丁基苯氧基、2,5-二第三丁基苯氧基、2,6-二第三丁基苯氧基、2,4-二第三戊基苯氧基、2,5-第三戊基苯氧基、4-環己基苯氧基、2,4,5-三甲基苯氧基、二茂鐵氧基等基; 作為R73
及R74
所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~30之芳硫基,可列舉將上述可具有取代基之碳原子數6~30之芳氧基之氧原子取代為硫原子而成之基等; 作為R73
及R74
所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數8~30之芳烯基,可列舉上述可具有取代基之碳原子數6~30之芳氧基之氧原子經乙烯基、烯丙基、1-丙烯基、異丙烯基、2-丁烯基、1,3-丁二烯基、2-戊烯基、2-辛烯基等烯基取代而成之基等; 作為R73
及R74
所表示之碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,可列舉上述花青化合物(α)之說明中作為碳原子數7~30之芳烷基所例示之基等; 作為R73
及R74
所表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數2~20之含雜環基,可列舉:吡啶、吡𠯤、哌啶、哌𠯤、嘧啶、嗒𠯤、三𠯤、六氫三𠯤、呋喃、四氫呋喃、𠳭唍、
、噻吩、硫戊環等; 作為R73
及R74
所表示之鹵素原子,可列舉上述花青化合物(α)之說明中所例示之鹵素原子。 作為R73
及R74
所表示之上述各種基可具有之上述取代基,可列舉:鹵素原子(氟、氯、溴、碘)、羥基、硝基。 上述通式(I-1)~(I-3)所表示之單元之構成比(莫耳比)係(I-1):(I-2):(I-3)=0.1~0.65:0.3~0.8:0.001~2,可採取無規共聚合、嵌段共聚合、接枝共聚合等任一排列。 於具有上述通式(I-1)、(I-2)及(I-3)所表示之單元之聚合性化合物(β)中,較佳為以下者。 R1
較佳為碳原子數1~8之烷基及碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,更佳為碳原子數1~4之烷基。 於Y1
之二價鍵結基為上述通式(1)所表示之結構之情形時,X2
較佳為碳原子數1~15之伸烷基,更佳為具有伸環烷基之碳原子數7~15之伸烷基。該等伸烷基中之氫原子亦存在經鹵素原子、羥基或硝基原子取代之情形,又,伸烷基中之鏈狀伸烷基部分中之亞甲基亦存在經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-或-NH-基取代之情形。 Z1
及Z2
較佳為直接鍵結。 上述聚合性化合物(β)係酸值較佳為10~200 mg/KOH,進而較佳為30~150 mg/KOH。若酸值未達10 mg/KOH,則存在無法充分地獲得鹼顯影性之情形,若大於200 mg/KOH,則有聚合性化合物(β)之製造較困難之虞。 此處所謂酸值,係由JISK0050及JISK0211所得。 於本發明之著色組合物中,上述聚合性化合物(β)之含量於本發明之著色組合物中較佳為30~99質量%,尤佳為60~95質量%。若上述聚合性化合物(β)之含量小於30質量%,則存在硬化物之力學強度不足而產生龜裂之情形,若大於99質量%,則存在由曝光所致之硬化變得不充分而產生黏性之情形。 <平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)> 所謂上述平均粒徑5 nm~100 μm之氧化矽粒子(γ),係指粒子狀之二氧化矽,可列舉以一次粒子之形式存在者、或形成一次凝聚物(Aggregates)、二次凝聚物(Agglomerate)般之凝聚物者。上述氧化矽粒子亦可利用聚合性官能基對表面進行修飾,亦可利用聚合性官能基對市售品之氧化矽粒子之表面進行修飾。 作為上述聚合性官能基,可列舉:乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯酸基、甲基丙烯酸基等自由基聚合性基;環氧基、氧雜環丁烷基等陽離子聚合性基。 本發明之著色組合物中之上述氧化矽粒子(γ)之含量於著色組合物之固形物中為32~82質量%,就耐熱性之觀點而言,較佳為50~82質量%,尤佳為50~70質量%。 於本發明之著色組合物中,較佳為使用膠體氧化矽作為上述氧化矽粒子(γ)。就獲取容易性及密接性之方面而言,較佳為使用膠體氧化矽。 上述氧化矽粒子(γ)中,若以一次粒子之單分散體狀態使用帶負電之平均粒徑5~100 nm之無定形氧化矽粒子,並以水或有機溶劑或該等之混合物作為分散劑而以膠體狀分散,則可獲得膠體氧化矽。於膠體氧化矽粒子之表面存在-SiOH基或-OH離子,藉由鹼離子而形成電雙層,藉由粒子間之排斥而穩定化。 作為上述有機溶劑,可列舉:甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單丁醚、丙二醇丙醚、乙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單丁醚、乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、丙二醇、二丙酮醇、四氫呋喃、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、甲苯、乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯。 作為上述膠體氧化矽,可列舉陽離子性膠體氧化矽及陰離子性膠體氧化矽。陽離子性膠體氧化矽係藉由將pH值調整為2~4而使膠體氧化矽帶陽離子性電,或對氧化矽粒子之表面之矽烷醇基導入胺基或銨基等陽離子性基者。 陰離子性膠體氧化矽係使於氧化矽粒子之表面存在矽烷醇基、羥基及羧基或碸基等陰離子性基之矽酸酐之超微粒子穩定地分散於水性液體中者。 含有陰離子性膠體氧化矽之處理液為了使膠體穩定化,較佳為含有氫氧化鈉、鉀、銨等而於25℃下調整為pH值8~11左右之鹼性。 上述氧化矽粒子(γ)之粒徑係平均一次粒徑為5 nm~100 μm左右,就透明性之觀點而言,較佳為10 nm~1μm。平均一次粒徑可根據由掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)、穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)等所獲得之電子顯微鏡照片而測量,又,亦可藉由利用動態光散射法或靜態光散射法等之粒度分佈計等而測量,又,亦可測定比表面積而算出。 作為上述氧化矽粒子(γ)之形狀,有球狀、鏈狀、珠鏈(念珠)狀、環狀之類型,亦可使用該等之混合物。 於使用膠體氧化矽作為上述氧化矽粒子(γ)之情形時,亦可使用市售品,例如可列舉:SnowtexST-20、ST-30、ST-40、ST-C、ST-N、ST-20L、ST-O、ST-OL、ST-S、ST-XS、ST-XL、ST-YL、ST-ZL、ST-OZL、ST-AK、Snowtex-AK系列、Snowtex-PS系列、Snowtex-UP系列、Snowtex-OUP系列(日產化學工業公司製造);Cataloid SI-350、Cataloid SI-50、Cataloid SI-30、Cataloid S-20L、Cataloid S-20H、Cataloid S-30L、Cataloid S-45P、Cataloid SI-40、Cataloid SI-80P(日揮觸媒化成股份有限公司製造);Adelite AT-20、AT-20N、AT-20A、AT-300(ADEKA公司製造);Levasil系列(Bayer公司製造)、Ludox系列(Grace公司製造)、Silicadol系列(日本化學工業公司製造)、Quartron PL-3等Quartron PL系列(扶桑化學工業公司製造)等。 於使用膠體氧化矽作為上述氧化矽粒子(γ)之情形時,對膠體氧化矽之製造方法並無特別限制,可藉由公知之方法而製造。 例如可列舉:(1)以矽酸鈉等矽酸鹼金屬鹽作為原料,使其於水溶液中進行縮合反應而使粒子成長之水玻璃法;(2)以四乙氧基矽烷等烷氧基矽烷作為原料,使其於含有醇等水溶性有機溶劑之水中進行縮合反應而成長之烷氧基矽烷法;(3)使金屬烷氧化物進行水解及縮合之溶膠凝膠法;(4)無機膠體法等。 <具有不飽和鍵之單體(ω)> 於本發明之著色組合物中,亦可進而含有具有不飽和鍵之單體(ω)。作為上述具有不飽和鍵之單體,可列舉:丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、丙烯酸-2-羥基丙酯、丙烯酸異丁酯、丙烯酸正辛酯、丙烯酸異辛酯、丙烯酸異壬酯、丙烯酸硬脂酯、丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯、丙烯酸二甲基胺基乙酯、丙烯酸鋅、1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羥基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸第三丁酯、甲基丙烯酸環己酯、三羥甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、雙酚A二縮水甘油醚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、雙酚F二縮水甘油醚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、雙酚Z二縮水甘油醚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯等。 上述中,具有複數個不飽和鍵之單體由於可提昇紅外線遮斷能力及耐熱性,故而較佳。 <聚合起始劑(δ)> 於本發明之著色組合物中,亦可進而含有聚合起始劑(δ)。作為聚合起始劑,可列舉光自由基聚合起始劑或熱自由基聚合起始劑。 作為上述光聚合起始劑,可例示苯乙酮系化合物、苯偶醯系化合物、二苯甲酮系化合物、9-氧硫系化合物、雙咪唑系化合物、吖啶系化合物、醯基膦系化合物、肟酯化合物等作為較佳者。 作為上述苯乙酮系化合物,例如可列舉:二乙氧基苯乙酮、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙烷-1-酮、4'-異丙基-2-羥基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2-羥基甲基-2-甲基苯丙酮、2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙烷-1-酮、對二甲基胺基苯乙酮、對第三丁基二氯苯乙酮、對第三丁基三氯苯乙酮、對疊氮苯亞甲基苯乙酮、1-羥基環己基苯基酮、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲硫基)苯基]-2-嗎啉基丙酮-1、2-苄基-2-二甲基胺基-1-(4-嗎啉基苯基)-丁酮-1、安息香、安息香甲醚、安息香乙醚、安息香異丙醚、安息香正丁醚、安息香異丁醚、1-[4-(2-羥基乙氧基)-苯基]-2-羥基-2-甲基-1-丙烷-1-酮等。 作為上述苯偶醯系化合物,可列舉苯偶醯等。 作為上述二苯甲酮系化合物,例如可列舉:二苯甲酮、鄰苯甲醯基苯甲酸甲酯、米其勒酮、4,4'-雙二乙基胺基二苯甲酮、4,4'-二氯二苯甲酮、4-苯甲醯基-4'-甲基二苯硫醚等。 作為上述9-氧硫系化合物,可列舉:9-氧硫、2-甲基9-氧硫、2-乙基9-氧硫𠮿、2-氯9-氧硫
、2-異丙基9-氧硫
、2,4-二乙基9-氧硫
等。 作為上述雙咪唑系化合物,可使用六芳基雙咪唑(HABI,三芳基-咪唑之二聚物),具體而言,例如可列舉:2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四(4-乙氧基羰基苯基)-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-溴苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四(4-乙氧基羰基苯基)-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4-二氯苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4,6-三氯苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-溴苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4-二溴苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4,6-三溴苯基)-4,4',5,5'-四苯基-1,2'-聯咪唑、2,4,5,2',4',5'-六苯基雙咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基雙咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-溴苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基雙咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,4-二氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基雙咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四(3-甲氧基苯基)雙咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)-雙咪唑、2,5,2',5'-四(2-氯苯基)-4,4'-雙(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)雙咪唑、2,2'-雙(2,6-二氯苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基雙咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-硝基苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基雙咪唑、2,2'-二鄰甲苯基-4,5,4',5'-四苯基雙咪唑、2,2'-雙(2-乙氧基苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基雙咪唑及2,2'-雙(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5,4',5'-四苯基雙咪唑、5'-四(對碘苯基)聯咪唑、2,2'-雙(鄰氯苯基-4,4',5,5'-四(間甲氧基苯基)聯咪唑)、2,2'-雙(對甲硫基苯基)-4,5,4',5'-二苯基-1,1'-聯咪唑、雙(2,4,5-三苯基)-1,1'-聯咪唑、5,5'-四(對氯萘基)聯咪唑等,或日本專利特公昭45-37377號公報中所揭示之以1,2'-、1,4'-、2,4'-進行共價鍵結之互變異構物,WO00/52529號公報中所記載之化合物等。 作為上述吖啶系化合物,可列舉:吖啶、9-苯基吖啶、9-(對甲基苯基)吖啶、9-(對乙基苯基)吖啶、9-(對異丙基苯基)吖啶、9-(對正丁基苯基)吖啶、9-(對第三丁基苯基)吖啶、9-(對甲氧基苯基)吖啶、9-(對乙氧基苯基)吖啶、9-(對乙醯基苯基)吖啶、9-(對二甲基胺基苯基)吖啶、9-(對氰基苯基苯基)吖啶、9-(對氯苯基)吖啶、9-(對溴苯基)吖啶、9-(間甲基苯基)吖啶、9-(間正丙基苯基)吖啶、9-(間異丙基苯基)吖啶、9-(間正丁基苯基)吖啶、9-(間第三丁基苯基)吖啶、9-(間甲氧基苯基)吖啶、9-(間乙氧基苯基)吖啶、9-(間乙醯基苯基)吖啶、9-(間二甲基胺基苯基)吖啶、9-(間二乙基胺基苯基)吖啶、9-(氰基苯基)吖啶、9-(間氯苯基)吖啶、9-(間溴苯基)吖啶、9-甲基吖啶、9-乙基吖啶、9-正丙基吖啶、9-異丙基吖啶、9-氰基乙基吖啶、9-羥基乙基吖啶、9-氯乙基吖啶、9-溴吖啶、9-羥基吖啶、9-硝基吖啶、9-胺基吖啶、9-甲氧基吖啶、9-乙氧基吖啶、9-正丙氧基吖啶、9-異丙氧基吖啶、9-氯乙氧基吖啶、4,6-雙(二甲基胺基)吖啶、10-乙酸吖啶、10-甲基乙酸酯吖啶、3,6-二甲基吖啶、7,13-二甲基吖啶、7,13-雙(二甲基胺基)吖啶、3,6-二甲基-10-乙酸吖啶、3,5-二甲基-10-甲基乙酸酯吖啶、7,13-二甲基-10-乙酸吖啶、7,13-二甲基-10-甲基乙酸酯吖啶、1,7-雙(9-吖啶基)庚烷、1,5-雙(9-吖啶基)戊烷、1,3-雙(9-吖啶基)丙烷、2,7-二苯甲醯基-9-苯基吖啶、2,7-雙(α-羥基苄基)-9-苯基吖啶、2,7-雙(α-乙醯氧基苄基)-9-苯基吖啶、2,7-二甲基-9-(4-甲基苯基)吖啶、2,7-二甲基-9-苯基吖啶、2,7-雙(3,4-二甲基-苯甲醯基)-9-(3,4-二甲基苯基)吖啶、2,7-雙(α-乙醯氧基-4-第三丁基苄基)-9-(4-第三丁基苯基)吖啶、2,7-二甲基-9-(3,4-二氯苯基)吖啶、2,7-二甲基-9-(4-苯甲醯基苯基)吖啶、2,7-雙(2-氯苯甲醯基)-9-(2-氯苯基)吖啶、2-(α-羥基-3-溴苄基)-6-甲基-9-(3-溴苯基)吖啶、2,5-雙(4-第三丁基苯甲醯基)-9-(4-第三丁基苯基)吖啶、1,4-雙(2,7-二甲基-9-吖啶基)苯、2,7-雙(α-苯基胺基羰氧基-3,4-二甲基苄基)-9-(3,4-二甲基苯基)吖啶及2,7-雙(3,5-二甲基-4-羥基-4'-氟二苯基甲基)-9-(4-氟苯基)吖啶、9,10-二氫吖啶、1-甲基吖啶、4-甲基吖啶、2,3-二甲基吖啶、1-苯基吖啶、4-苯基吖啶、1-苄基吖啶、4-苄基吖啶、1-氯吖啶、2,3-二氯吖啶、10-丁基-2-氯吖啶-9(10H)-酮、10-丙基-2-氯吖啶-9(10H)-酮、10-丁基-2-氯吖啶-9(10H)-酮1,2-雙(9-吖啶基)乙烷、1,3-雙(9-吖啶基)丙烷、1,4-雙(9-吖啶基)丁烷、1,6-雙(9-吖啶基)己烷、1,7-雙(9-吖啶基)庚烷、1,8-雙(9-吖啶基)辛烷、1,9-雙(9-吖啶基)壬烷、1,10-雙(9-吖啶基)癸烷、1,11-雙(9-吖啶基)十一烷、1,12-雙(9-吖啶基)十二烷、1,14-雙(9-吖啶基)十四烷、1,16-雙(9-吖啶基)十六烷、1,18-雙(9-吖啶基)十八烷、1,20-雙(9-吖啶基)二十烷、1,3-雙(9-吖啶基)-2-硫雜丙烷、1,5-雙(9-吖啶基)-3-硫雜戊烷、7-甲基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-乙基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-丙基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-丁基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-戊基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-己基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-庚基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-辛基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-壬基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-癸基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十一烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十二烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十三烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十四烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十五烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十六烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十七烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十八烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-十九烷基-苯并[c]吖啶、1,1-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)甲烷、1,2-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)乙烷、1,3-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)丙烷、1,4-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)丁烷、1,5-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)戊烷、1,6-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)己烷、1,7-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)庚烷、1,8-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)辛烷、1,9-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)壬烷、1,10-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)癸烷、1,11-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十一烷、1,12-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十二烷、1,13-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十三烷、1,14-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十四烷、1,15-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十五烷、1,16-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十六烷、1,17-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十七烷、1,18-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十八烷、1,19-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十九烷、1,20-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)二十烷、7-苯基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(2-氯苯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(4-甲基苯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(4-硝基苯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、1,3-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)苯、1,4-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)苯、7-[1-丙烯-3-基(苯并[c]吖啶)]、7-[1-乙基戊基-(苯并[c]吖啶)]、7-[8-十七烯基-(苯并[c]吖啶)]、7,8-二苯基-1,14-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)十四烷、1,2-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)乙烯、1-甲基-1,2-雙(7-苯并[c]吖啶基)乙烯、7-苯乙烯基-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(1-丙烯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、7-(1-戊烯基)-苯并[c]吖啶、9-(2-吡啶基)吖啶、9-(3-吡啶基)吖啶、9-(4-吡啶基)吖啶、9-(4-嘧啶基)吖啶、9-(2-吡𠯤基)吖啶、9-(5-甲基-2-吡𠯤基)吖啶、9-(2-喹啉基)吖啶、9-(2-吡啶基)-2-甲基-吖啶、9-(2-吡啶基)-2-乙基吖啶、9-(3-吡啶基)-2-甲基-吖啶、9-(3-吡啶基)-2,4-二乙基-吖啶、3,6-二胺基-吖啶磺酸鹽、3,6-雙(二甲基胺基)-吖啶磺酸鹽、氯化3,6-二胺基-10-甲基-吖啶鎓、9-吖啶羧酸等。 作為上述醯基膦系化合物,可列舉:2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基二苯基氧化膦(Lucirin TPO;BASF公司製造)、異丁醯基-甲基次膦酸甲基酯、異丁醯基-苯基次膦酸甲基酯、特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸甲基酯、2-乙基己醯基-苯基次膦酸甲基酯、特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸異丙基酯、對甲苯甲醯基-苯基次膦酸甲基酯、鄰甲苯甲醯基-苯基次膦酸甲基酯、2,4-二甲基苯甲醯基-苯基次膦酸甲基酯、對第三丁基苯甲醯基-苯基次膦酸異丙基酯、丙烯醯基-苯基次膦酸甲基酯、異丁醯基-二苯基氧化膦、2-乙基己醯基-二苯基氧化膦、鄰甲苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、對第三丁基苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、3-吡啶基羰基-二苯基氧化膦、丙烯醯基-二苯基氧化膦、苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸乙烯基酯、己二醯基-雙-二苯基氧化膦、特戊醯基-二苯基氧化膦、對甲苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、4-(第三丁基)-苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、2-甲基苯甲醯基-二苯基氧化膦、2-甲基-2-乙基己醯基-二苯基氧化膦、1-甲基-環己醯基-二苯基氧化膦、特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸甲基酯及特戊醯基-苯基次膦酸異丙基酯、4-辛基苯基氧化膦、對苯二甲醯基-雙-二苯基氧化膦、1-甲基-環己基羰基二苯基氧化膦、柯赫醯基-二苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二異丁氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)苯基氧化膦(Irgacure 819;BASF公司製造)、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯-3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯-3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醯基)-4-乙氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-4-乙氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-2-萘基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-4-丙基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲基-1-萘甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-甲氧基-1-萘甲醯基)-4-乙氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2-氯-1-萘甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二甲氧基苯甲醯基)-2,4,4-三甲基戊基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二辛氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二異丙氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二己氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2-丙氧基-4-甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基)-2,4-二異戊氧基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-2,5-二甲基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-4-聯苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-4-丙基苯基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-2-萘基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二氯苯甲醯基)-1-萘基氧化膦、雙(2,6-二甲氧基苯甲醯基)-2,4,4-三甲基-戊基氧化膦(CGI403)、6-三甲基苯甲醯基-乙基-苯基-亞磷酸酯(SPEEDCURE TPO-L;Lambson公司製造)等。 作為上述肟酯化合物,例如可列舉:乙酮-1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基苯甲醯基-9H-咔唑-3-基]-1-(O-乙醯基肟)、1-[9-乙基-6-苯甲醯基-9H-咔唑-3-基-辛烷-1-酮肟-O-乙酸酯、1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基苯甲醯基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-乙烷-1-酮肟-O-苯甲酸酯、1-[9-正丁基-6-(2-乙基苯甲醯基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-乙烷-1-酮肟-O-苯甲酸酯、乙酮-1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基-4-四氫呋喃基苯甲醯基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-1-(O-乙醯基肟)、乙酮-1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基-4-四氫吡喃基苯甲醯基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-1-(O-乙醯基肟)、乙酮-1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基-5-四氫呋喃基苯甲醯基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-1-(O-乙醯基肟)、乙酮-1-[9-乙基-6-{2-甲基-4-(2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧雜環戊烷基)甲氧基苯甲醯基}-9H-咔唑-3-基]-1-(O-乙醯基肟)、乙酮-1-[9-乙基-6-(2-甲基-4-四氫呋喃基甲氧基苯甲醯基)-9H-咔唑-3-基]-1-(O-乙醯基肟)等。 作為上述熱自由基聚合起始劑,可列舉:2,2'-偶氮雙異丁腈、2,2'-偶氮雙(甲基異丁酸酯)、2,2'-偶氮雙-2,4-二甲基戊腈、1,1'-偶氮雙(1-乙醯氧基-1-苯基乙烷)等偶氮系起始劑;過氧化苯甲醯、過氧化二第三丁基苯甲醯、過氧化特戊酸第三丁酯、過氧化二碳酸二(4-第三丁基環己基)酯等過氧化物系起始劑;過硫酸銨、過硫酸鈉、過硫酸鉀等過硫酸鹽等。該等可使用一種或混合使用兩種以上。 關於本發明之著色組合物中之聚合起始劑(δ)之含量,相對於聚合性組合物(β)100質量份,較佳為0.01~30質量份,更佳為0.01~10質量份。 <溶劑(σ)> 於本發明之著色組合物中,亦可進而含有溶劑(σ)。作為該溶劑,通常可列舉:視需要可將上述各成分(花青化合物(α)等)溶解或分散之溶劑,例如甲基乙基酮、甲基戊基酮、二乙基酮、丙酮、甲基異丙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮、2-庚酮等酮類;乙醚、二㗁烷、四氫呋喃、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、1,2-二乙氧基乙烷、二丙二醇二甲醚等醚系溶劑;乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丙酯、乙酸異丙酯、乙酸正丁酯、乙酸環己酯、乳酸乙酯、琥珀酸二甲酯、Texanol等酯系溶劑;乙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚等溶纖劑系溶劑;甲醇、乙醇、異或正丙醇、異或正丁醇、戊醇、二丙酮醇等醇系溶劑;乙二醇單甲基乙酸酯、乙二醇單乙基乙酸酯、丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯(PGMEA)、二丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、3-甲氧基丁基乙酸酯、乙氧基乙基丙酸酯、1-第三丁氧基-2-丙醇、3-甲氧基丁基乙酸酯、環己醇乙酸酯等醚酯系溶劑;苯、甲苯、二甲苯等BTX系溶劑;己烷、庚烷、辛烷、環己烷等脂肪族烴系溶劑;松節油、D-檸檬烯、蒎烯等萜烯系烴油;礦油精、Swazol#310(科斯莫松山石油(股))、Solvesso#100(Exxon Chemical(股))等石蠟系溶劑;四氯化碳、氯仿、三氯乙烯、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷等鹵化脂肪族烴系溶劑;氯苯等鹵化芳香族烴系溶劑;卡必醇系溶劑、苯胺、三乙基胺、吡啶、乙酸、乙腈、二硫化碳、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、二甲基亞碸、水等,該等溶劑可使用1種或以2種以上之混合溶劑之形式使用。該等之中,酮類、醚酯系溶劑等尤其是丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯、環己酮等由於在著色組合物中與聚合性化合物(β)及膠體氧化矽(γ)之相溶性良好,故而較佳。 於本發明之著色組合物中,上述溶劑(σ)之使用量較佳為溶劑(σ)以外之組合物之濃度成為5~30質量%。於溶劑(σ)以外之組合物之濃度小於5質量%之情形時,存在難以使膜厚變厚或無法充分吸收所需之波長光之情形,於超過30質量%之情形時,存在因組合物之析出而導致組合物之保存性下降或黏度提高而處理性下降之情形。 於本發明之著色組合物中,可進而含有上述氧化矽粒子(γ)以外之無機化合物。作為該無機化合物,例如可列舉:氧化鎳、氧化鐵、氧化銥、氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧化鎂、氧化鈣、氧化鉀、氧化鋁等金屬氧化物;層狀黏土礦物、米洛麗藍、碳酸鈣、碳酸鎂、鈷系、錳系、玻璃粉末、雲母、滑石、高嶺土、亞鐵氰化物、各種金屬硫酸鹽、硫化物、硒化物、氫氧化鋁、鉑、金、銀、銅等,該等之中,較佳為氧化鈦、層狀黏土礦物、銀等。於本發明之著色組合物中,相對於上述聚合性化合物(β)100質量份,上述無機化合物之含量較佳為0.1~50質量份,更佳為0.5~20質量份,該等無機化合物可使用1種或2種以上。 於本發明之著色組合物中使用無機化合物之情形時,可添加分散劑。作為該分散劑,只要可使無機化合物分散或穩定化,則並無特別限制,可使用市售之分散劑、例如BYK-Chemie公司製造之BYK系列等,該等之中,可較佳地使用:包含具有鹼性官能基之聚酯、聚醚、聚胺基甲酸酯之高分子分散劑;具有氮原子作為鹼性官能基,具有氮原子之官能基為胺及/或其四級鹽,胺值為1~100 mgKOH/g者。 又,於本發明之著色組合物中,視需要可添加:顏料;對苯甲醚、對苯二酚、鄰苯二酚、第三丁基鄰苯二酚、吩噻嗪等熱聚合抑制劑;聚合起始劑;塑化劑;接著促進劑;填充劑;消泡劑;調平劑;表面調整劑;抗氧化劑;紫外線吸收劑;分散助劑;抗凝聚劑;觸媒;硬化促進劑;交聯劑;增黏劑等慣用之添加物。 於本發明之著色組合物中,上述花青化合物(α)、聚合性化合物(β)及膠體氧化矽(γ)以外之任意成分(其中,將具有不飽和鍵之單體(ω)及溶劑(σ)除外)之含量係根據其使用目的而適當選擇,並無特別限制,較佳為相對於上述聚合性化合物(β)100質量份而合計設為50質量份以下。 於本發明之著色組合物中,藉由與上述聚合性化合物(β)一起而使用其他有機聚合物,亦可改善包含本發明之著色組合物的硬化物之特性。作為上述有機聚合物,例如可列舉:聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、聚(甲基)丙烯酸、苯乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-氯乙烯共聚物、乙烯-乙烯基共聚物、聚氯乙烯樹脂、ABS(Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene,丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯)樹脂、尼龍6、尼龍66、尼龍12、聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂、聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯基丁醛、纖維素酯、聚丙烯醯胺、飽和聚酯、酚樹脂、苯氧基樹脂、聚醯胺醯亞胺樹脂、聚醯胺酸樹脂、環氧樹脂等,該等之中,較佳為聚苯乙烯、(甲基)丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、環氧樹脂。 於使用其他有機聚合物之情形時,相對於上述聚合性化合物(β)100質量份,其使用量較佳為10~500質量份。 於本發明之著色組合物中,亦可進而併用鏈轉移劑、增感劑、界面活性劑、矽烷偶合劑、三聚氰胺化合物等。 作為上述鏈轉移劑或增感劑,通常使用含硫原子之化合物。例如可列舉:硫代乙醇酸、硫代蘋果酸、硫代水楊酸、2-巰基丙酸、3-巰基丙酸、3-巰基丁酸、N-(2-巰基丙醯基)甘胺酸、2-巰基菸鹼酸、3-[N-(2-巰基乙基)胺甲醯基]丙酸、3-[N-(2-巰基乙基)胺基]丙酸、N-(3-巰基丙醯基)丙胺酸、2-巰基乙磺酸、3-巰基丙磺酸、4-巰基丁磺酸、十二烷基(4-甲硫基)苯醚、2-巰基乙醇、3-巰基-1,2-丙二醇、1-巰基-2-丙醇、3-巰基-2-丁醇、巰基苯酚、2-巰基乙基胺、2-巰基咪唑、2-巰基苯并咪唑、2-巰基-3-吡啶醇、2-巰基苯并噻唑、巰基乙酸、三羥甲基丙烷三(3-巰基丙酸酯)、季戊四醇四(3-巰基丙酸酯)等巰基化合物,將該巰基化合物氧化而獲得之二硫醚化合物,碘乙酸、碘丙酸、2-碘乙醇、2-碘乙磺酸、3-碘丙磺酸等碘化烷基化合物,三羥甲基丙烷三(3-巰基異丁酸酯)、丁二醇雙(3-巰基異丁酸酯)、己烷二硫醇、癸烷二硫醇、1,4-二甲基巰基苯、丁二醇雙硫代丙酸酯、丁二醇雙硫代乙酸酯、乙二醇雙硫代乙酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三硫代乙酸酯、丁二醇雙硫代丙酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三硫代丙酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三硫代乙酸酯、季戊四醇四硫代丙酸酯、季戊四醇四硫代乙酸酯、三羥基乙基三硫代丙酸酯、下述化合物C1、三巰基丙酸三(2-羥基乙基)異氰尿酸酯等脂肪族多官能硫醇化合物,昭和電工公司製造之Karenz MTBD1、PE1、NR1等。 [化19]作為上述界面活性劑,可使用:全氟烷基磷酸酯、全氟烷基羧酸鹽等氟界面活性劑,高級脂肪酸鹼鹽、烷基磺酸鹽、烷基硫酸鹽等陰離子系界面活性劑,高級胺基鹵酸鹽、四級銨鹽等陽離子系界面活性劑,聚乙二醇烷基醚、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸單甘油酯等非離子界面活性劑,兩性界面活性劑,聚矽氧系界面活性劑等界面活性劑,該等亦可組合使用。 作為上述矽烷偶合劑,例如可使用信越化學公司製造之矽烷偶合劑,該等之中,可較佳地使用KBE-9007、KBM-502、KBE-403等具有異氰酸酯基、甲基丙烯醯基、環氧基之矽烷偶合劑。 作為上述三聚氰胺化合物,可列舉:(聚)羥甲基三聚氰胺、(聚)羥甲基甘脲、(聚)羥甲基苯胍胺、(聚)羥甲基脲等氮化合物中之活性羥甲基(CH2
OH基)之全部或一部分(至少2個)經烷基醚化之化合物。此處,作為構成烷基醚之烷基,可列舉甲基、乙基或丁基,可彼此相同亦可不同。又,未經烷基醚化之羥甲基可於一分子內進行自縮合,亦可於二分子間縮合,其結果形成低聚物成分。具體而言可使用:六甲氧基甲基三聚氰胺、六丁氧基甲基三聚氰胺、四甲氧基甲基甘脲、四丁氧基甲基甘脲等。該等之中,較佳為六甲氧基甲基三聚氰胺、六丁氧基甲基三聚氰胺等經烷基醚化之三聚氰胺。 對於本發明之著色組合物而言,於為無溶劑之固形狀態之情形時,可溶解或分散於溶劑中後,藉由旋轉塗佈機、輥式塗佈機、棒式塗佈機、模式塗佈機、簾幕式塗佈機、狹縫式塗佈機、浸漬塗佈機、各種印刷、浸漬等公知之機構而應用於鈉玻璃、石英玻璃、半導體基板、金屬、紙、塑膠等支撐基體上。又,亦可暫且施加於膜等支撐基體上後,轉印至其他支撐基體上,其應用方法並無特別限制。 又,作為支撐基體,亦可使用:基材使用無機材料,且積層有藉由真空蒸鍍法、離子鍍覆法、電漿CVD法、離子輔助法、反應性濺鍍法、化學氣相成長法等各種蒸鍍法所製作之膜者;或使紅外線反射膜(C)積層於下述波長截止濾波器中之玻璃基板上者。 於藉由蒸鍍法積層膜之情形時,作為基材,較佳為使用玻璃,膜厚亦根據所使用之無機材料之種類等而不同,例如為5~300 nm。蒸鍍膜可僅形成於基板之單面,或者亦可形成於基板之兩面。 作為上述無機材料,例如可使用:矽(Si)、鋁(Al)、鎂(Mg)、鈣(Ca)、鉀(K)、錫(Sn)、銦(In)、鈉(Na)、硼(B)、鈦(Ti)、鉛(Pb)、鋯(Zr)、釔(Y)、銻(Sb)等之氧化物,或銦-錫複合氧化物(簡稱ITO)、銻-錫複合氧化物(簡稱ATO)等複合氧化物。 本發明之著色組合物之硬化物尤其對使用上述無機材料所製作之膜之密接性良好。 本發明之著色組合物可藉由照射紫外線等能量射線而通常於0.1秒~數分鐘後硬化成指觸乾燥狀態或溶劑不溶性之狀態。作為適當之能量射線,只要誘發光酸產生劑之分解,則可使用任意者,較佳為利用自超高、高、中、低壓水銀燈、氙氣燈、碳弧燈、金屬鹵化物燈、螢光燈、鎢絲燈、準分子燈、殺菌燈、準分子雷射、氮雷射、氬離子雷射、氦鎘雷射、氦氖雷射、氪離子雷射、各種半導體雷射、YAG(Yttrium Aluminum Garnet,釔鋁石榴石)雷射、發光二極體、CRT(Cathode-Ray Tube,陰極射線管)光源等獲得之具有2000埃至7000埃之波長的電磁波能量或電子束、X射線、放射線等高能量射線。 於能量射線下之曝光時間係取決於能量射線之強度、塗膜厚度或陽離子聚合性有機化合物,通常0.1秒~10秒左右便足矣。然而,對於相對較厚之塗敷物,較佳為歷經更長之照射時間。於照射能量射線後0.1秒~數分鐘後,大部分之組合物藉由陽離子聚合而指觸乾燥,視情況不同,有時亦較佳為併用由加熱或熱感應頭等所產生之熱能以促進陽離子聚合。 本發明之著色組合物亦可藉由加熱而硬化。藉由加熱而進行硬化時之加熱條件係70~250℃、1~100分鐘。可於預烘烤後,加壓並進行後烘烤,亦可於不同之數個階段之溫度下進行烘烤。 加熱條件係根據各成分之種類及調配比率而不同,例如為70~180℃,若為烘箱則為5~15分鐘,若為加熱板則為1~5分鐘。其後,為了使塗膜硬化,可藉由如下方式獲得硬化膜:於180~250℃、較佳為200~250℃下,若為烘箱則進行30~90分鐘加熱處理,若為加熱板則進行5~30分鐘加熱處理。 本發明之著色組合物(或其硬化物)可用於如下用途:熱反應性塗料或清漆、熱反應性接著劑、印刷基板、或彩色電視、PC監視器、可攜式資訊終端、數位相機等彩色顯示之液晶顯示面板中之彩色濾光片、CCD(Charge Coupled Device,電荷耦合元件)影像感測器之彩色濾光片、電漿顯示面板用之電極材料、粉末塗佈、印刷油墨、印刷版、接著劑、牙科用組合物、立體造形用樹脂、凝膠塗佈、電子工學用之光阻劑、電鍍阻劑、蝕刻阻劑、液狀及乾燥膜兩者、焊料阻劑、用以製造各種顯示用途用之彩色濾光片或用以於電漿顯示面板、電致發光顯示裝置及LCD(Liquid Crystal Display,液晶顯示裝置)之製造步驟中形成結構之阻劑、用以密封電氣及電子零件之組合物、阻焊劑、磁記錄材料、微小機械零件、波導、光開關、鍍覆用遮罩、蝕刻遮罩、彩色試驗系、玻璃纖維電纜塗佈、網版印刷用模板、用以藉由立體光刻而製造三維物體之材料、全息記錄用材料、圖像記錄材料、微細電子電路、脫色材料、用於圖像記錄材料之脫色材料、使用微膠囊之圖像記錄材料用之脫色材料、印刷配線板用光阻材料、UV及可見光雷射直接圖像系統用之光阻材料、用於形成印刷電路基板之逐次積層之介電層的光阻材料或保護膜等各種用途,其用途並無特別限制。 本發明之著色組合物係為了阻斷特定之紅外線而使用,尤其是作為用以形成波長截止濾波器之著色組合物而有用。 繼而,對本發明之波長截止濾波器進行說明。 本發明之波長截止濾波器係於玻璃基板(A)之一個面具有由本發明之著色組合物所得的塗層(B),且於玻璃基板(A)之另一面具有紅外線反射膜(C)。塗層(B)及紅外線反射膜(C)係分別積層於玻璃基板(A)之各面。可將具有由本發明之著色組合物所得之塗層(B)之側設為光之入射側,亦可將具有紅外線反射膜(C)之側設為光之入射側。以下,依序對各層進行說明。 <玻璃基板(A)> 作為本發明之波長截止濾波器中所使用之玻璃基板(A),可自於可見光範圍內為透明之玻璃材料中適當選擇使用,可使用鈉石灰玻璃、白板玻璃、硼矽酸玻璃、強化玻璃、石英玻璃、磷酸鹽系玻璃等,其中,鈉石灰玻璃由於廉價且容易獲取,故而較佳,白板玻璃、硼矽酸玻璃及強化玻璃由於容易獲取、硬度較高且加工性優異,故而較佳。 進而,若對玻璃基板(A)實施矽烷偶合劑等之前處理後,塗佈包含本發明之著色組合物之塗佈液而形成塗層(B),則塗佈液乾燥後之含染料之塗層(B)對玻璃基板之密接性提高。 作為上述矽烷偶合劑,可列舉:γ-縮水甘油氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-縮水甘油氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基矽烷、β-(3,4-環氧環己基)乙基三甲氧基矽烷等環氧官能性烷氧基矽烷,N-β(胺基乙基)-γ-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、γ-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、N-苯基-γ-胺基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等胺基官能性烷氧基矽烷,γ-巰基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等巰基官能性烷氧基矽烷等。 又,於玻璃基板(A)與塗層(B)之間,亦可具有基礎層。基礎層係藉由以下方式獲得且厚度為30~1000 nm:利用下述所示之塗佈方法,塗佈使平均一次粒徑為5~100 nm之一次粒子凝聚而成之平均二次粒徑為20~250 nm的金屬氧化物微粒子之凝聚物分散於下述所示之溶劑中而成的塗佈液。相對於塗佈液總量,上述金屬氧化物微粒子之凝聚物較佳為0.1~50質量%。 玻璃基板(A)之厚度並無特別限定,較佳為0.05~8 mm,就輕量化及強度之方面而言,更佳為0.05~1 mm。 於本發明中,由於基材為玻璃板,故而可直接塗佈於基材上並乾燥後進行切割加工,結構或製程變得簡單。又,由於基板為玻璃板,故而耐熱性(260℃耐回流焊性)高於為塑膠之情形。 <塗層(B)> 本發明之波長截止濾波器中所使用之由本發明之著色組合物所獲得之塗層(B)可藉由如上所述般將本發明之著色組合物塗佈於玻璃基板(A)上而形成。對於所獲得之塗膜,視需要進行加熱而使其硬化。 含有染料之塗層(B)之厚度為1~200 μm之情況下,可獲得均勻之膜且有利於薄膜化,故而較佳。若未達1 μm,則無法充分地發揮功能,若超過200 μm,則有塗佈時溶劑殘留之虞。 <紅外線反射膜(C)> 本發明之波長截止濾波器中所使用之紅外線反射膜(C)係具有阻斷700~1200 nm之波段的光之功能者,係藉由將低折射率層與高折射率層交替積層而成之介電多層膜所形成。 作為構成上述低折射率層之材料,可使用折射率1.2~1.6之材料,例如可列舉:氧化矽、氧化鋁、氟化鑭、氟化鎂、六氟化鋁鈉等。 作為構成上述高折射率層之材料,可使用折射率為1.7~2.5之材料,例如可列舉:氧化鈦、氧化鋯、五氧化鉭、五氧化鈮、氧化鑭、氧化釔、氧化鋅、硫化鋅、氧化銦等,除此以外亦可列舉:以該等作為主成分且少量含有氧化鈦、氧化錫、氧化鈰等者等。 關於將上述低折射率層與高折射率層積層之方法,只要形成將該等層積層而成之介電多層膜,則並無特別限制,例如可列舉:於玻璃基板上,藉由CVD法、濺鍍法、真空蒸鍍法等形成將低折射率層及高折射率層交替積層而成之介電多層膜的方法。又,亦可預先形成介電多層膜,利用接著劑將其貼合於玻璃基板。 積層數為10~80層,就製程及強度之方面而言,較佳為25~50層。 上述低折射率層與高折射率層之厚度分別通常為欲阻斷之光線之波長λ(nm)的1/10~1/2之厚度。若厚度未達0.1λ或大於0.5λ,則有折射率(n)與物理膜厚(d)之積(nd)與由λ/4之倍數所表示之光學膜厚差異較大而無法進行特定波長之阻斷、透過之虞。 作為上述紅外線反射膜(C),除了上述介電多層膜以外,亦可使用含有極大吸收波長為700~1100 nm之染料之膜、使高分子積層而成者、塗佈膽固醇狀液晶而形成之膜等使用有機材料者。 本發明之波長截止濾波器較佳為透過率滿足下述(i)~(iii)。再者,透過率之測定係利用日本分光(股)製造之紫外可見光近紅外分光光度計V-570進行測定。 (i)於波長430~580 nm之範圍內,自波長截止濾波器之垂直方向(相對於玻璃基板之板面而垂直之方向,以下相同)測定之情形時的透過率之平均值為75%以上。 (ii)於波長800~1000 nm下,自波長截止濾波器之垂直方向測定之情形時的透過率之平均值為5%以下。 (iii)於波長560~800 nm之範圍內,自波長截止濾波器之垂直方向測定之情形時的透過率成為80%之波長之值(Ya)、與自相對於波長截止濾波器之垂直方向成35°之角度測定之情形時的透過率成為80%之波長之值(Yb)之差的絕對值為30 nm以下。 若於波長截止濾波器中,上述(i)之波長430~580 nm之範圍內之透過率的平均值未達75%,則幾乎不使可見光範圍內之光透過,若上述(ii)之波長800~1000 nm下之透過率的平均值超過5%,則幾乎不截止紅外線範圍內之光,故而有難以修正感度而使其接近於人之可見度之虞。 又,若上述(iii)之Ya與Yb之差的絕對值超過30 nm,則對光之入射角之依存性變高,波長截止濾波器之特性根據光之入射角而變化,故而有產生色調於畫面之中心與周邊變化等弊端之虞。 作為本發明之波長截止濾波器之具體用途,可列舉:安裝於汽車或建築物之窗玻璃等之熱線截止濾波器;數位靜態相機、數位攝錄影機、監視相機、汽車用相機、網路相機、行動電話用相機等固體攝像裝置中之CCD或CMOS等固體攝像元件用可見度修正用;自動曝光計;電漿顯示器等顯示裝置等。 [實施例] 以下,列舉實施例等而更詳細地說明本發明,本發明並不限定於該等實施例等。 [製造例1]聚合性化合物(β)No.1之製備 將丙烯酸40質量份及甲基丙烯酸丁酯50質量份溶解於丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯(PGMEA)200質量份中,於該溶液中添加作為自由基聚合起始劑之偶氮雙異丁腈4質量份,於80℃下攪拌3小時。繼而,添加經丙烯酸改性之Celloxide 2021P(泰金化學公司製造之脂環式環氧樹脂)10質量份,於120℃下攪拌3小時,獲得聚合性化合物(β)No.1。 該聚合性化合物(β)No.1係具有如下單元之聚合性化合物(β):於上述通式(I-1)~(I-3)中,X1
為氫原子或甲基,Y1
為上述通式(1)所表示之二價鍵結基(X2
為下述式(n)所表示之基,Z1
及Z2
為直接鍵結),R1
為碳原子數1~8之烷基,R2
~R4
為甲基。 [化20][製造例2]聚合性化合物(β)No.2之製備 將甲基丙烯酸20質量份、甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯20質量份及甲基丙烯酸苄酯50質量份溶解於環己酮500質量份中,添加作為自由基聚合起始劑之偶氮雙異丁腈4質量份,於80℃下攪拌3小時。繼而,添加丙烯酸20質量份並於120℃下攪拌3小時,獲得聚合性化合物(β)No.2。 [製造例3]聚合性化合物(β)No.3之製備 將甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯50質量份、甲基丙烯酸苄酯5份及苯乙烯40質量份溶解於丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯(PGMEA)500質量份中,添加作為自由基聚合起始劑之1-二(第三丁基過氧化)-3,3,5-三甲基環己烷1質量份,於140℃下攪拌2小時。其次,添加丙烯酸20質量份並於120℃下攪拌3小時,獲得聚合性化合物(β)No.3。 [製造例4]聚合性化合物(β)No.4之製備 將甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯40質量份、甲基丙烯酸苄酯5份、苯乙烯40質量份溶解於丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯(PGMEA)500質量份中,使用偶氮雙異丁腈10質量份作為自由基聚合起始劑,於80℃下攪拌3小時。其次,添加丙烯酸20質量份並於120℃下攪拌3小時,獲得聚合性化合物(β)No.4。 [製造例5]聚合性化合物(β)No.5之製備 將甲基丙烯酸縮水甘油酯40質量份、甲基丙烯酸苄酯5份、苯乙烯40質量份溶解於丙二醇-1-單甲醚-2-乙酸酯(PGMEA)500質量份中,添加作為自由基聚合起始劑之偶氮雙異丁腈5質量份並於80℃下攪拌3小時。其次,添加丙烯酸20質量份並於120℃下攪拌3小時。繼而,添加四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐5質量份並於120℃下攪拌3小時後,獲得聚合性化合物(β)No.5。 [製造例6]膠體氧化矽(γ)No.1之製備 <步驟1>中間物AT-20QM之製備 添加Adelite AT-20Q(ADEKA公司製造之膠體氧化矽)60 g及丙二醇單甲醚(PGMEA)26 g,於60℃減壓下使水與PGMEA共沸而進行溶劑置換。利用0.5 μm之濾筒進行過濾,獲得中間物AT-20QM。 <步驟2>膠體氧化矽(γ)No.1之製備 添加步驟1中所獲得之中間物AT-20QM 500 g,於氮氣下添加KBM-5103(信越化學公司製造之矽烷偶合劑)17.7 g並於100℃下反應60分鐘。冷卻至40℃以下,利用10 μm之過濾器進行過濾而獲得膠體氧化矽(γ)No.1(固形物為22質量%)。所獲得之膠體氧化矽(γ)No.1之平均粒徑為20 nm。 [實施例1-1~1-14及比較例1-1~1-4]著色組合物No.1~No.14及比較組合物No.1~No.4之製備 <步驟1>染料液No.1~No.14及比較染料液No.1~No.4之製備 於作為(A)成分之[表1]~[表3]所示之花青化合物(α)中添加溶劑(σ),進行攪拌而使其溶解,獲得染料液No.1~No.14及比較染料液No.1~No.4。 <步驟2>著色組合物No.1~No.14及比較組合物No.1~No.4之製備 依照[表1]~[表3]之配方,於上述染料液No.1~No.14及比較染料液No.1~No.5中添加聚合性化合物(β)、膠體氧化矽(γ)、具有不飽和鍵之單體(ω)、溶劑(σ)及聚合起始劑(δ)並進行攪拌,製備著色組合物No.1~No.14及比較組合物No.1~No.4。於[表4]中示出實施例及比較例之著色組合物中之氧化矽粒子(γ)及花青化合物(α)之含量。 [表1]~[表3]之各符號表示下述成分。 α-1:化合物No.76之六氟磷酸鹽 α-2:化合物No.100之六氟磷酸鹽 α-3:化合物No.100之雙(三氟甲磺醯基)醯亞胺酸鹽 α-4:化合物No.102之雙(三氟甲磺醯基)醯亞胺酸鹽 α-5:化合物No.103之雙(三氟甲磺醯基)醯亞胺酸鹽 β-1:製造例1中所獲得之聚合性化合物(β)No.1 β-2:ACA Z251(Daicel-Allnex公司製造之丙烯酸化丙烯酸酯) β-3:ACA Z250(Daicel-Allnex公司製造之丙烯酸化丙烯酸酯) β-4:ACA 200M(Daicel-Allnex公司製造之丙烯酸化丙烯酸酯) β-5:SPC-1000(昭和電工公司製造之丙烯酸系樹脂) β-6:SPC-3000(昭和電工公司製造之丙烯酸系樹脂) β-7:製造例2中所獲得之聚合性化合物(β)No.2 β-8:製造例3中所獲得之聚合性化合物(β)No.3 β-9:製造例4中所獲得之聚合性化合物(β)No.4 β-10:製造例5中所獲得之聚合性化合物(β)No.5 γ-1:製造例6中所獲得之膠體氧化矽(γ)No.1 ω-1:Aronix M450(東亞合成公司製造之丙烯酸系單體) ω-2:Aronix M315(東亞合成公司製造之丙烯酸系單體) ω-3:Aronix M405(東亞合成公司製造之丙烯酸系單體) σ-1:二丙酮醇 σ-2:環己酮 δ-1:V-60(和光純藥公司製造之油溶性偶氮聚合起始劑) δ-2:V-70(和光純藥公司製造之油溶性偶氮聚合起始劑) δ-3:V-65(和光純藥公司製造之油溶性偶氮聚合起始劑) δ-4:V-59(和光純藥公司製造之油溶性偶氮聚合起始劑) δ-5:V-40(和光純藥公司製造之油溶性偶氮聚合起始劑) δ-6:VAm-110(和光純藥公司製造之油溶性偶氮聚合起始劑) δ-7:Irg-907(BASF公司製造之光聚合起始劑) δ-8:SP-246(ADEKA公司製造之光聚合起始劑) δ-9:OXE-01(BASF公司製造之光聚合起始劑) δ-10:OXE-02(BASF公司製造之光聚合起始劑) [表1]
[表2]
[表3]
[表4]
*1:固形物中之氧化矽粒子(γ)之含量 *2:花青化合物(α)相對於聚合性化合物(β)與氧化矽粒子(r)之固形物之合計量100質量份之含量 [評價例1-1~1-14及比較評價例1-1~1-4] 將實施例1-1~1-14中所獲得之著色組合物No.1~No.14及比較例1-1~1-4中所獲得之比較組合物No.1~No.4分別於410 rpm×7秒之條件下塗佈於玻璃基板上,利用加熱板進行乾燥(90℃、10分鐘)。乾燥後,利用加熱板於150℃×10分鐘下進行加熱而使塗膜硬化。對於著色組合物No.9~No.14及比較組合物No.3,藉由高壓水銀燈以300 mJ/cm2
進行曝光。 利用真空蒸鍍法於所獲得之硬化膜上形成AR膜(抗反射膜),自AR層利用截切刀進行交叉切割,將透明膠帶貼附於交叉切割部後,藉由膠帶附著試驗而測定硬化膜之密接性。 將該等之結果示於[表5]。 [表5]
由上述[表5]之結果表明,本發明之著色組合物與AR膜之密接性較高,即,與無機材料之密接性較高。
Claims (7)
- 一種著色組合物,其係含有花青化合物之至少一種(α)、具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物(β)及平均粒徑5nm~100μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)者,並且上述平均粒徑5nm~100μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)之含量為著色組合物之固形物中之50~82質量%。
- 如請求項1之著色組合物,其中相對於具有乙烯性不飽和鍵及親水性基之聚合性化合物(β)之固形物與上述平均粒徑5nm~100μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)之固形物的合計量100質量份,含有合計0.01~10.0質量份之花青化合物之至少一種(α)。
- 如請求項1之著色組合物,其中上述平均粒徑5nm~100μm之氧化矽粒子(γ)為膠體氧化矽。
- 一種著色組合物之硬化方法,其係藉由能量射線照射或加熱而使如請求項1至4中任一項之著色組合物硬化之方法。
- 一種著色組合物之硬化物,其係如請求項1至4中任一項之著色組合物之硬化物。
- 一種波長截止濾波器,其係由如請求項1至4中任一項之著色組合物所獲得。
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