TWI656307B - Building ventilation - Google Patents

Abstract

A building ventilation device is suitable for being installed in a building. The building ventilation device comprises a frame unit, at least one ventilation unit and a ventilation unit. The frame unit defines an air chamber that communicates with the room and includes at least one guide frame bar. The air chamber has a ventilation opening and an air outlet opening disposed in opposite directions. The at least one ventilation unit is disposed on the at least one guide frame and has a ventilation groove group and forms a first flow channel. A ratio of a cross-sectional area of the air outlet opening to a cross-sectional area of the ventilation groove group is greater than 3. The ventilation unit includes a ventilation window, which is movable relative to the frame unit between a closed position closing the air outlet opening and an open position away from the air outlet opening. The ventilation window is formed when the ventilation window is in the open position. A second flow path from indoor to outdoor.

Description

Building ventilation

The invention relates to a ventilation device, in particular to a building ventilation device.

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional roof heat dissipation structure 100 includes two hollow skeletons 11 spaced apart and installed on an opening 10 of a roof 1, and a hollow frame 11 opposite to the opening 10 and connected and fixed to the hollows. The shielding plate 12 at the top of the skeleton 11 and two connecting plates 13 respectively connected to the bottom end of the hollow skeletons 11 and the roof 1. The hollow skeleton 11 and the shielding plate 12 define a connection with the opening 10.的 气 室 14。 The air chamber 14. Each hollow skeleton 11 has an upper ventilation groove 141 disposed on the side and communicating with the air chamber 14, and a bottom ventilation groove 142 adjacent to the bottom end and communicating with the outside. The air chamber 14 and the upper ventilation groove 141 And the bottom ventilation groove 142 forms a thermally conductive runner I that exhausts hot air from indoor to outdoor. The thermally conductive runner I can discharge the indoor hot air to the outside and achieve the effect of heat dissipation. In addition, due to the heat transfer The path I is a tortuous path, which can prevent rainwater dripping on the roof 1 from flowing into the air chamber 14 from the bottom ventilation groove 142, and thus can prevent rainwater from entering.

Although the roof heat-dissipating structure 100 can discharge indoor hot air to the outside to dissipate heat, when a large amount of thick smoke comes out due to a fire accident, the thick smoke is discharged to the outside along the meandering heat conducting channel I The effect is quite limited and there is still room for improvement.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a building ventilation device capable of improving the smoke exhaust effect.

Therefore, the building ventilation device of the present invention is suitable for being installed on a wall of a building. The building ventilation device includes a frame unit, at least one ventilation unit, and a ventilation unit.

The frame unit is installed on the wall of the building and surrounds an air chamber defining a communication with the interior of the building. The frame unit includes at least one guide frame bar. The air chamber has a ventilation opening disposed in the opposite direction. And an air outlet opening, the ventilation opening is directly connected to the interior of the building, and the air outlet opening is used to communicate with the outdoor.

The at least one ventilation unit is disposed on the at least one guide frame strip and includes a ventilation groove group communicating with the air chamber, a ventilation hole group communicating with the ventilation groove group and outdoor, and a positioning frame located in the at least one guide frame. It is connected to the swirling channel of the vent hole group and the venting channel group, the venting channel group, the swirling channel, and the venting hole group cooperate to form a first flow channel, and the total cross-sectional area of the air outlet opening and the The ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the ventilation tank group is greater than 3.

The ventilation unit is disposed on the frame unit and includes a ventilation window disposed on the frame unit. The ventilation window is movable between a closed position and an open position relative to the frame unit. When the ventilation window is in the closed position, The ventilation window closes the air outlet opening. When the ventilation window is in the open position, the ventilation window is far away from the air outlet opening and forms a flow through the ventilation opening, the air chamber, After the air outlet is opened, it flows to a second flow path outdoors.

The effect of the present invention is that when a fire alarm occurs, by moving the ventilation window to the open position, the thick smoke generated by the fire will be discharged directly from the air outlet opening to the outside along the straight second flow passage, The smoke speed is fast. In addition, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the air outlet opening to the cross-sectional area of the vent groove group is greater than 3. Therefore, the gas flow rate of the second flow channel is large and a large amount of dense smoke can be discharged, thereby , Improve the effect of smoke.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, an embodiment of a building ventilation device according to the present invention is suitable for being installed on a wall of a building 9. The building ventilation device includes a frame unit 2 and two ventilation units 3. , A connection base 4, and a ventilation unit 5. In this embodiment, the building 9 is described using a structure with a wave plate roof 91, and the wave plate roof 91 has a slot 911. Although the wall of this embodiment is lifted by the wave plate roof 91, Note, but it could also be other walls or beams of the building 9.

The frame unit 2 is located above the slot 911 of the wave plate roof 91 of the building 9 and is fixed to the wave plate roof 91. The frame unit 2 surrounds an air chamber 200 that defines an interior communication with the interior of the building 9. The frame unit 2 includes two mounting frame strips 21 spaced apart and extending along a first direction X and used to connect to the wave plate roof 91, and two mounting frame strips 21 respectively connected to the top sides of the mounting frame strips 21 along the first The guide frame strips 22 extending in one direction X, and four support members 23 spaced apart and connected to the guide frame strips 21 and extending along a second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. The air chamber 200 has a ventilation opening 201 and an air outlet opening 202 which are oppositely arranged. The ventilation opening 201 is directly connected to the interior of the building 9. The air outlet opening 202 is used to communicate with the outdoor. The intersection angle of the first direction X and the second direction Y is 90 degrees. Each mounting frame 21 has a fixing portion 211 that extends along the first direction X and faces the air chamber 200 and cooperates with the shape of the wave plate roof 91. The fixing portion 211 is locked to the wave plate roof 91 and is located at The side of the slot 201. Each guide frame strip 22 has an inner plate 220 and an outer plate 221 opposite to each other and extending along the first direction X, and is connected to the inner plate 220 and the outer plate 221 and is adjacent to the air outlet opening 202 and A top plate 222 extending along the first direction X, and a bottom plate 223 opposite to the top plate 222 and connected to the inner plate 220 and the outer plate 221 and extending along the first direction X. Preferably, each guide The top plate 222 of the frame bar 22 has a concave portion 224 extending along the first direction X and connected to the inner plate 220.

In this embodiment, each mounting frame strip 21 and its respective equal guide frame strip 22 are separately bent and fixed before being combined and fixed, but in other variations of this embodiment, each mounting frame can also be The frame bar 21 and the respective guide frame bar 22 are directly made integrally. In this embodiment, the support members 23 are a kind of hollow metal strips and are connected in pairs to the guide frame strips 22, but each support member 23 can also be a sheet, so that The front and rear ends of the air chamber 200 are hermetically closed, thereby improving the airtightness of the air chamber 200.

Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5, the ventilation units 3 are respectively disposed on the guide frame bars 22. Each ventilation unit 3 includes a guide frame bar 22 adjacent to the air chamber 200 and formed on the guide frame bar 22. The ventilation plate group 31 of the inner plate 220 communicating with the air chamber 200, a ventilation hole group 32 formed on the bottom plate 223 of the respective guide frame 22, and the ventilation hole group 32 communicating with the ventilation groove group 31 and the outdoor are arranged alternately on The inner plate 220 and the baffle plate 33 of the outer plate 221 in the respective guide frame strips 22 and a turning channel 34 which is located in the respective guide frame strip 22 and is formed by cooperation of the baffles 33. The channel 34 communicates with the vent hole group 32 and the vent groove group 31, and a first flow passage F1 is formed by cooperation of the vent hole group 32, the swirling channel 34, and the vent groove group 31. The ventilation groove group 31 of each ventilation unit 3 has a plurality of ventilation grooves 311 arranged at intervals in the first direction X. Preferably, the number of the ventilation grooves 311 of each ventilation unit 3 is six and substantially rectangle. The ventilation hole group 32 of each ventilation unit 3 has a plurality of ventilation holes 321 spaced apart and arranged in two rows. Preferably, the ventilation holes 321 of each ventilation unit 3 are substantially circular. The ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the air outlet opening 202 to the total cross-sectional area of the ventilation groove group 31 of each ventilation unit 3 is greater than 3, and the total cross-sectional area of the air outlet opening 202 and the ventilation of each ventilation unit 3 are larger. The ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the air hole group 32 is greater than 3. In this embodiment, the total cross-sectional area of the air hole group 31 is obtained by adding up the rectangular cross-sectional area of each air groove 311. The cross-sectional area is obtained by adding up the circular cross-sectional area of each vent hole 321.

The connecting base 4 is disposed on the frame unit 2. The connecting base 4 includes a base 41 defining a mounting opening 40 penetrating through the top and bottom. The base 41 has a base wall 411 and a base wall 411. An inner ring wall 412 extending toward the top end, two sides of the base wall 411 abut against the recesses 224 of the guide frame strips 22 and are fixed to the guide frame strips 22.

Referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the ventilation unit 5 is disposed on the frame unit 2 and includes a ventilation window 51 that can be opened and disposed on the frame unit 2, and a drive for driving the ventilation window 51 to move. The component 52 and a controller 53 electrically connected to the driving component 52 and used to switch the driving component 52 on and off.

In this embodiment, the connection seat 4 is disposed between the frame unit 2 and the ventilation window 51, and the ventilation window 51 is pivotably disposed on the base wall 411 of the connection seat 4. The ventilation window 51 has a body 511 pivotally connected to the connecting base 4 and the frame unit 2 at one end, a light-transmitting window sheet 512 embedded in the body 511, and two connecting bodies 511 and the connecting base 4 The hinge 513 of the base wall 411. The main body 511 defines a lighting opening 514 that is in communication with the air outlet opening 202 and has an abutting portion 515 that surrounds the entire circumference and extends inwardly for the transparent window 512 to abut. The inner ring wall 412 of the connecting seat 4 is accommodated in the body 511 of the ventilation window 51, and can prevent rainwater from seeping in from the junction of the connecting seat 4 and the ventilation window 51. The transparent window sheet 512 may be made of a plastic plate or reinforced glass with good light transmission and close the lighting opening 514, so that the sunlight can be irradiated into the interior of the building 9 through the transparent window sheet 512, so that The room has good lighting, thereby reducing the usage of the indoor lighting fixture, and has the effect of saving energy. Each hinge 513 has a first pivoting piece 516 connected to the base wall 411 of the connecting base 4 and a first pivoting piece 516 fixed to the body 511 of the ventilation window 51 and pivotable relative to the first pivoting piece 516. The two pivotal connecting pieces 517 are used to fix the hinges 513 through a plurality of fixing members 54. A part of the fixing pieces 54 are locked into the first pivoting connecting piece 516 and the base wall 411 of the connecting seat 4 and then locked into their respective ones. The recessed portion 224 of the guide frame strip 22 is fixed to the top plate 222, and the fixing members 54 of the other part are locked into the second pivot piece 517 and fixed to the body 511 of the ventilation window 51.

In this embodiment, the driving member 52 is a pneumatic rod and is telescopically connected to the frame unit 2 and the ventilation window 51, and has an outer plate disposed on one of the guide frame bars 22 of the frame unit 2. A cylinder 521 of 221 and a piston rod 522 telescopically disposed on the cylinder 521 and connected to the ventilation window 51.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 6, the ventilation window 51 is movable relative to the frame unit 2 between a closed position (see FIG. 4) and an open position (see FIG. 6). When the ventilation window 51 is in the closed position, The piston rod 522 retracts the cylinder 521 and closes the air outlet opening 202 of the ventilation window 51. When the ventilation window 51 is in the open position, the piston rod 522 extends from the cylinder 521 and makes the ventilation window 51 is pivoted relative to the frame unit 2 and away from the air outlet opening 202, and forms an interior of the building 9 flowing in sequence through the ventilation opening 201, the air chamber 200, and the air outlet 202 and then flows to the outside. The second runner F2. In other variations of this embodiment, the ventilation window 51 can also be changed to a horizontal translation mode and moved between the closed position and the open position, which also has the effect of forming the second flow path F2.

It is worth noting that the frame unit 2 also includes two protective nets 24 respectively disposed below the bottom plate 223 of the guide frame strips 22, and each protective net 24 is formed by a plurality of thin metal wires intersecting vertically and horizontally. The grid-like nets have the function of preventing accidental entry of birds from these ventilation holes 321.

As shown in FIG. 7, in another variation of this embodiment, the base body 41 of the connecting seat 4 has the base wall 411, the inner ring wall 412, and a direction from the base wall 411 toward the frame unit 2. The outer ring wall 413 extends, and each guide frame strip 22 cancels the setting of the recess 224 (see FIG. 4). The base wall 411 of the base 41 covers the top plates 222 of the guide frame strips 22. The outer ring wall 413 of the seat body 41 is connected to the outside of the outer plates 221 of the guide frame bars 22, which can prevent rainwater from seeping in from the junction of the connecting seat 4 and the guide frame bars 22.

As shown in FIG. 8, in another variation of this embodiment, the connecting seat 4 can also be omitted, and the ventilation window 51 can be pivotally provided on one of the guides of the frame unit 2 through the hinges 513. The lead frame 22, in which two sides of the ventilation window 51 abut against the recesses 224, and the other sides of the ventilation window 51 abut against the top surfaces of the two supporting members 23, also have the function of pivoting the ventilation window 51.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, the ventilation window 51 is normally located in the closed position, and the building 9 can exhaust the hot air in the room through the first flow channels F1 to achieve heat dissipation. In other variations of the embodiment, only one ventilating unit 3 may be included, or it may have a heat dissipation effect of exhausting the hot air in the room. When a fire alarm occurs, the driving member 52 can be activated through the controller 53 and the driving member 52 can drive the ventilation window 51 to rotate to the open position, so that the air outlet opening 202 communicates with the outdoor. The ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the opening 202 to the total cross-sectional area of the vent groove group 31 is greater than 3, that is, the gas flow rate of the second flow passage F2 is much larger than the gas flow rate of the first flow passages F1, so it can be quickly discharged. A lot of dense smoke to reduce fire damage.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of building ventilation devices of the present invention can be arranged in series and arranged in series, and the joints can be filled with waterproof glue (not shown), thereby forming multiple A second flow passage F2 (see Fig. 6) to obtain a larger exhaust flow.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, in another variation of this embodiment, the building ventilation device is suitable for being installed in a building 9 ′, the number of ventilation units 3 of the building ventilation device is one, and The frame unit 2 includes only a guide frame strip 22 '. The building 9 'has three upright side walls 90' and a roof 91 'connected to the bottom side of the side walls 90' and having a slot 911 '. The side walls 90' surround the opening The three sides of the groove 911 ', the guide frame 22' is locked to the roof 91 'of the building 9' and surrounds the side walls 90 'to define the air chamber 200, and the ventilation window 51 closes the The air outlet opening 202 of the air chamber 200 also has the function of forming the second flow path F2 (see FIG. 6) and the first flow path F1 (see FIG. 4).

Through the above description, the advantages of the present invention can be summarized as follows:

1. The ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the air outlet opening 202 of the present invention to the total cross-sectional area of the ventilation groove group 31 of each ventilation unit 3 is greater than 3, that is, the gas flow rate of the second flow passage F2 is much larger than the first flow passage. The gas flow rate of F1, together with the straight second flow path F2, can make the smoke exhaust path smooth and unobstructed. In this way, a large amount of dense smoke can be quickly discharged, and the smoke exhaust effect is good.

2. The present invention allows external light to enter the room through the transparent window 512 to obtain good lighting, which can reduce the number of lighting fixtures in the room and has the effect of saving electricity.

3. The present invention uses the ventilation window 51 to cover the connection seat 4 to prevent rainwater from infiltrating from the junction of the ventilation window 51 and the connection seat 4.

4. When a fire occurs, the controller 53 and the driving member 52 can automatically open the ventilation window 51 to the open position, so that the dense smoke in the house can be quickly discharged from the second flow path F2 to reduce Fire damage.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application and the contents of the patent specification of the present invention are still Within the scope of the invention patent.

2‧‧‧Frame Unit

200‧‧‧air chamber

201‧‧‧ Ventilation opening

202‧‧‧outlet opening

21‧‧‧Mounting frame

211‧‧‧Fixed section

22‧‧‧Guide frame

22'‧‧‧Guide frame

220‧‧‧ inside plate

221‧‧‧outer plate

222‧‧‧Top plate

223‧‧‧ floor

224‧‧‧Concave

23‧‧‧ support

24‧‧‧ Protection net

3‧‧‧ ventilation unit

31‧‧‧Ventilation trough

311‧‧‧Ventilation trough

32‧‧‧Ventilation group

321‧‧‧Vent

33‧‧‧ Bezel

34‧‧‧ roundabout

4‧‧‧ Link Block

40‧‧‧Mounting opening

41‧‧‧ seat

411‧‧‧ base wall

412‧‧‧Inner ring wall

413‧‧‧outer wall

5‧‧‧ ventilation unit

51‧‧‧Ventilation window

511‧‧‧ Ontology

512‧‧‧light transmission window

513‧‧‧ hinge

514‧‧‧lighting opening

515‧‧‧Abutting Department

516‧‧‧first pivot

517‧‧‧Second pivot joint

52‧‧‧Driver

521‧‧‧cylinder

522‧‧‧Piston rod

53‧‧‧controller

54‧‧‧Fixed parts

9‧‧‧ building

9'‧‧‧ building

90'‧‧‧ side wall

91‧‧‧ wave roof

91'‧‧‧ Roof

911‧‧‧Slotted

911'‧‧‧ slotted

F1‧‧‧First runner

F2‧‧‧Second runner

X‧‧‧ first direction

Y‧‧‧ second direction

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiment with reference to the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is an incomplete cross-sectional view of a conventional roof heat dissipation structure; FIG. 2 is a A perspective view of the embodiment; 该 FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment; FIG. 4 is an incomplete cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2, illustrating a ventilation of a ventilation unit of the embodiment The window is in a closed position; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a guide frame strip and a mounting frame strip connected to the bottom side of the guide frame strip in this embodiment; FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. The ventilation window is in an open position; FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 4 illustrating a variation of the embodiment; FIG. 8 is a view similar to FIG. 2 illustrating another variation of the embodiment FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a state of use, illustrating a series combination of a plurality of the embodiments; and FIG. 10 is a view similar to FIG. 4, illustrating yet another variation of the embodiment.

Claims (10)

A building ventilation device is suitable for being installed on a wall of a building. The building ventilation device comprises: a frame unit installed on the wall of the building and surrounding an air communicating with the interior of the building. Room, the frame unit includes at least one guide frame strip, the air chamber has a ventilation opening and an air outlet opening, which are directly connected to the interior of the building, and the air outlet opening is used for communication Outdoor; at least one ventilation unit, which is disposed on the at least one guide frame and includes a ventilation groove group communicating with the air chamber, a ventilation hole group communicating with the ventilation groove group and the outdoor, and a ventilation unit located in the at least one guide. The lead frame bar is in communication with the swirling channel of the vent hole group and the venting channel group. The venting channel group, the swirling channel and the vent hole group cooperate to form a first flow channel, and the total cross-sectional area of the air outlet opening and The ratio of the total cross-sectional area of the ventilation slot group is greater than 3; and a ventilation unit is disposed on the frame unit and includes a ventilation window disposed on the frame unit, and the ventilation window can be closed relative to the frame unit. When the ventilation window is in the closed position, the ventilation window closes the air outlet opening. When the ventilation window is in the open position, the ventilation window is far away from the air outlet opening and forms a The interior of the building sequentially flows through the ventilation opening, the air chamber, and the air outlet opening, and then flows to the outdoor second flow path. The building ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation window is pivotably provided on the frame unit, and has a body pivotally connected to the frame unit at one end, and a light transmitting embedded in the body. The window sheet defines a lighting opening that is in communication with the air outlet opening, and the transparent window sheet closes the lighting opening. The building ventilation device according to claim 2, wherein the ventilation unit further comprises a driving member which is telescopically connected between the frame unit and the ventilation window, and the driving member is used to drive the ventilation window in the closed position. Move from this open position. The building ventilation device according to claim 3, wherein the driving member has a cylinder body disposed on the frame unit, and a piston rod telescopically disposed on the cylinder body and connected to the ventilation window. The building ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein the number of guide frame strips of the frame unit is two and each guide frame strip extends in a first direction, and the frame unit further includes at least two spaced apart and connected Support members extending on the guide frame strips and in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the building ventilation device includes two ventilation units, and the ventilation units are respectively disposed on the guide frames. Each of the ventilation units further includes a plurality of baffles arranged in the respective guide frame strips, and the baffles are staggered and cooperate to form a respective turning channel. The building ventilation device according to claim 5, wherein the ventilation window has a body pivotally connected to the frame unit at one end, and a light-transmitting window sheet embedded in the body. The lighting opening communicated with the air outlet opening, the light-transmitting window sheet closes the lighting opening, and the building ventilation device further includes a connection seat provided between the frame unit and the ventilation window, and the connection seat includes a mounting opening defining an installation opening. A base body having a base wall, an inner ring wall extending from the base wall toward the ventilation window, and an outer ring wall extending from the base wall toward the frame unit, the inner ring wall capacity Placed in the main body of the ventilation window, the outer ring wall is connected to the outside of the guide frame strips, the ventilation window also has two hinges, each hinge has a base wall fixed to the frame unit and the connection seat And a second pivoting piece fixed to the body and pivotable relative to the first pivoting piece. The building ventilation device according to claim 6, wherein the body of the ventilation window has an abutting portion that surrounds the entire circumference and extends inward, and the light-transmitting window sheet abuts against the abutting portion. The ventilation device for a building according to claim 5, wherein each guide frame has an inner panel and an outer panel that are spaced apart and extend along the first direction, and are connected to the inner panel and the outer panel. A top plate adjacent to the air outlet opening and extending in the first direction, and a bottom plate opposite to the top plate and connected to the inner plate and the outer plate and extending in the first direction, the inner plate being adjacent to the air In the chamber, the baffles are arranged alternately on the inner plate and the outer plate, and a ventilation groove group of each ventilation unit is formed on the inner plate, and a ventilation hole group of each ventilation unit is formed on the bottom plate. The building ventilation device according to claim 5, wherein the ventilation hole group of each ventilation unit has a plurality of spaced-apart ventilation holes, and the ventilation groove group of each ventilation unit has a plurality of spaced-apart spaces along the first direction. Ventilation trough. The building ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a total cross-sectional area of the air outlet opening to a total cross-sectional area of the air vent group is greater than 3.