TWI632097B - 包含高效率之輸送機總成、可翻轉輸送機及可翻轉輸送機盤之材料處理設備以及其相關之傳輸粒狀材料的方法 - Google Patents

包含高效率之輸送機總成、可翻轉輸送機及可翻轉輸送機盤之材料處理設備以及其相關之傳輸粒狀材料的方法 Download PDF

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TWI632097B
TWI632097B TW105139872A TW105139872A TWI632097B TW I632097 B TWI632097 B TW I632097B TW 105139872 A TW105139872 A TW 105139872A TW 105139872 A TW105139872 A TW 105139872A TW I632097 B TWI632097 B TW I632097B
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達爾森 史考特 尤金 樊
艾瑞克 洛基
丹尼斯 霍德 包姆嘉特納
吉姆 潘恩特
基斯 厄德利
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美商維格製造公司
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/007Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface for conveying the load on the lower run or on both upper and lower runs of the conveyor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/06Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms
    • B65G17/067Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms the load carrying surface being formed by plates or platforms attached to more than one traction element
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/06Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms
    • B65G17/10Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms the surface forming a longitudinal trough
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/16Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface comprising individual load-carriers which are pivotally mounted, e.g. for free-swinging movement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/30Details; Auxiliary devices
    • B65G17/32Individual load-carriers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/34Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyor 
    • B65G47/38Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyor  by dumping, tripping, or releasing load carriers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/14Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts
    • F26B15/146Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts applying multiple superimposed tray conveyors, the materials to be dried being dropped onto subsequent conveyor stretches, e.g. by allowing the trays to tilt at one point
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/04Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/08Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being arranged in a sinuous or zig-zag path
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B2015/003Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form the load carrying elements having provisions for defining drying gas ducts, e.g. panels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Attitude Control For Articles On Conveyors (AREA)
  • Collation Of Sheets And Webs (AREA)
  • Separation, Sorting, Adjustment, Or Bending Of Sheets To Be Conveyed (AREA)
  • Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
  • Intermediate Stations On Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

材料處理設備(20)包括一外殼(22),該外殼(22)之中具有複數個垂直地堆疊之翻轉盤式輸送機(42、44)。每一輸送機(42、44)包括複數個輸送機盤(50),該等輸送機盤(50)在對準的前鏈輪對(90)與後鏈輪對(92)之間及周圍行進,從而界定上輸送機滑道(52)與下輸送機滑道(54)。每一輸送機盤(50)具有呈現一對對置之第一材料載運表面及第二材料載運表面(58、60)的一穿孔底板(56)。當該等輸送機盤(50)橫越該等前鏈輪對與後鏈輪對(90、92)時,該等輸送機盤(50)翻轉,且由該等上輸送機滑道輸送機盤(50)載運之材料(110)藉由在該前鏈輪對(90)周圍及/或之間傳送該材料而轉移至該等下輸送機滑道輸送機盤(50)。

Description

包含高效率之輸送機總成、可翻轉輸送機及可翻轉輸送機盤之材料處理設備以及其相關之傳輸粒狀材料的方法 【相關申請案之交叉參考】
本申請案主張2016年2月4日申請之相同標題之申請案No.15/015,214的權益,其以全文引用之方式併入本文中。
本發明廣義上係關於利用一或多個翻轉盤式輸送機之高效率材料處理裝備,該一或多個翻轉盤式輸送機最大程度地利用輸送機之上輸送機滑道與下輸送機滑道兩者。更特定言之,本發明係關於此類裝備、其個別輸送機、形成該等輸送機之部分的輸送機盤及對應方法。本發明之設備及方法特別適用於諸如擠制飼料或食品產品之切分擠制物材料的處理。
習知多級產品乾燥器及冷卻器典型地在外殼內包括一系列無端(endless)堆疊式輸送機,且該等輸送機經定向以使得傳入材料被置放於最上部輸送機上,接著向後續下輸送機饋送。提供用於將空氣導入至乾 燥器外殼中,以在沿著各輸送機及在其間輸送材料時對材料進行乾燥或冷卻的設備。每一輸送機包括上輸送機滑道及下輸送機滑道,但在此等習知單元中,僅上輸送機滑道用於材料調節,而下輸送機滑道基本上空轉。此造成使用於該裝備之建構中的材料及在其操作過程中之額外電力需求的雙重消耗。
回應於此等問題,已提供所謂的翻轉盤式輸送機。在此等單元中,輸送機在材料處理期間利用其上輸送機滑道及下輸送機滑道兩者。亦即,輸送機經設計以將材料自其上輸送機滑道轉移至其下輸送機滑道,以便提高處理效率。然而,在大部分情況下,此等先前翻轉盤式輸送機需要在支撐輸送機的末端鏈輪之間的中間位置處將產品自上輸送機滑道傾倒或分流至下輸送機滑道,由此犧牲處理效率。
舉例而言,頒予Aiken之專利第1,768,534號及第1,568,791號描述翻轉盤式輸送機,其中將產品引入至鄰近於上輸送機滑道之一個末端的輸送機盤上,其中凸輪配置遠在到達對置末端鏈輪之前使輸送機盤向下傾斜以將產品轉移至下輸送機滑道。類似地,當產品橫越下輸送機滑道時,產品在距離對置末端鏈輪較遠處被傾倒至後續下輸送機。頒予George之專利第4,366,628號亦有類似效果,其中(圖1)產品自斜道36遞送至上輸送機滑道,且接著在到達末端鏈輪14之前的相當大之距離處遞送至下輸送機滑道。具有類似設計特徵之其他專利包括頒予Parker之1,328,099、頒予Davidson之538,728、頒予Daniels之3,331,490、頒予Sutton之GB專利第358,493號、頒予Williams之GB專利第1,109,752號、頒予Piscaglia之法國專利第FR 944,968號、頒予Lindner之德國參考案DE 3,006,126,及線上在 http://www.aumund.com/content/pdf/pageflip/21413457/pan_conveyors_engl_141215.pdf(2015年10月8日存取)發現之標題為「盤式輸送機(Pan Conveyors)」的非專利文獻。
頒予Hofmann之美國專利第1,344,893號說明一種輸送機設計(參看圖5、圖7及圖8),其中短輸送機盤在末端鏈輪之間移動,且在輸送機盤橫越鏈輪時倒出產品。在此設計中,個別輸送機盤經安裝以使得其在繞著鏈輪行進時相對於鏈輪而樞轉。此本質上為具有用於控制輸送機盤之移動之複雜機械配置的複雜設計。
因此,此項技術中需要經改良之翻轉盤式輸送機,其克服以上概述之問題,且提供可用在產品乾燥器及其類似者中之簡化有效的輸送機配置。
本發明克服以上概述之問題且提供經改良之高效率可翻轉盤式輸送機,其包括複數個輸送機盤,該複數個輸送機盤在對準的前鏈輪對與後鏈輪對之間及周圍行進以界定大體水平延伸的呈現上縱軸與下縱軸之上輸送機滑道與下輸送機滑道,且每一輸送機盤具有對置之第一及第二材料載運表面。提供用於支撐輸送機盤之結構,使得第一表面在輸送機盤沿著上輸送機滑道行進時面朝上,且使得第二表面在輸送機盤沿著下輸送機滑道行進時面朝上。支撐輸送機盤之結構可操作以對輸送機盤定向,使得沿著上輸送機滑道之第一輸送機盤表面上所載運之材料藉由在上輸送機滑道與下輸送機滑道之間傳送該材料而轉移至沿著下輸送機滑道之第二輸送機盤表面。在實質上利用全部上輸送機滑道及下輸送機滑道用於材料處 理目的的同時,此過程得以完成。為此目的,當輸送機盤橫越上輸送機滑道及下輸送機滑道時,如此執行而無需輸送機盤相對於上輸送機滑道軸及下輸送機滑道軸樞轉;此外,當輸送機盤在前鏈輪對及後鏈輪對周圍行進時,如此執行而無需輸送機盤相對於鏈輪樞轉。較佳地,輸送機盤支撐於對應的側邊安裝之輸送鏈上,且硬質凸耳連接件用於將鏈之連桿互連至輸送機盤。
輸送機盤中之每一者包括狹長底板,該狹長底板具有一對對置之材料載運表面、一對側向隔開之末端、前邊緣及後邊緣。對應前區段與後區段自該前邊緣與該後邊緣向前與向後延伸,且該等區段在橫截面上呈嚙合、凹凸形組態。該等輸送機盤亦包括側向隔開之具有向上及向下延伸區段的端板。較佳地,輸送機盤底板為穿孔式,以准許空氣流自其穿過。該等輸送機盤藉由其前區段與後區段之間的嚙合相互配合件縱向互連。
本發明亦提供多級材料調節設備,該設備包含外殼,其具有在該外殼內以堆疊關係定位之複數個單獨輸送機,且包括最上部輸送機及最下部輸送機。至少該最上部輸送機為上文所描述之類型,且較佳地,後續輸送機亦為此相同組態。該外殼配備有用於將待處理之材料堆放至最上部輸送機之鄰近其一個末端處的材料入口,以及經設計以自最下部輸送機接收經處理之材料的產品出口。又,該設備具備合適之空氣處置裝備,用於遞送處理空氣以遍及輸送機而分配。
20‧‧‧乾燥器設備/材料處理設備
22‧‧‧外殼
24‧‧‧輸送機總成
26‧‧‧空氣處置系統/空氣處置總成
28‧‧‧濕材料入口
30‧‧‧乾材料出口
32‧‧‧內部分配器
34‧‧‧內部分配器
36‧‧‧冷含塵空氣回氣口
38‧‧‧冷含塵空氣回氣口
40‧‧‧冷含塵空氣回氣口
42‧‧‧上輸送機
44‧‧‧下輸送機
46‧‧‧輸送機盤總成
48‧‧‧電動輸送機盤支撐及移位總成
50‧‧‧輸送機盤
52‧‧‧上輸送機滑道
54‧‧‧下輸送機滑道
56‧‧‧底板
58‧‧‧第一材料載運表面
60‧‧‧第二材料載運表面
62‧‧‧前邊緣
64‧‧‧後邊緣
66‧‧‧凹凸形前區段
68‧‧‧凹凸形後區段
70‧‧‧端板
72‧‧‧端板
74‧‧‧有孔中心區段
75‧‧‧水平區段
76‧‧‧有孔中心區段
77‧‧‧水平區段
78‧‧‧頂部部分
80‧‧‧頂部部分
82‧‧‧懸垂下部部分
84‧‧‧懸垂下部部分
86‧‧‧前緣
88‧‧‧後緣
90‧‧‧前鏈輪對
92‧‧‧後鏈輪對
94‧‧‧橫軸
96‧‧‧橫軸
98‧‧‧第一無端輥輸送鏈
100‧‧‧第二無端輥輸送鏈
102‧‧‧連桿
102a‧‧‧連桿
104‧‧‧凸耳板
106‧‧‧連接螺栓
108‧‧‧端輥
110‧‧‧材料
112‧‧‧開口
114‧‧‧分離
圖1為說明配備有根據本發明之上可翻轉盤式輸送機及下可翻轉盤式 輸送機之兩級材料乾燥器的部分示意性截面圖;圖2為說明圖1中描繪之上輸送機之外部向前端的局部透視圖;圖3為說明圖1中描繪之上輸送機之對置末端的局部透視圖;圖4為說明圖1中描繪之上輸送機之內部向前端的局部透視圖;圖5為說明圖4中描繪之上輸送機之對置末端的局部透視圖;圖6為說明輸送機盤端板及該輸送機盤與輸送鏈之間的連接之局部截面圖;圖7為根據本發明之可翻轉輸送機的分解透視圖;圖8為圖7之輸送機盤的一部分之放大局部視圖,其說明輸送機盤及底板之穿孔構造;圖9為圖1中所說明之上可翻轉輸送機盤之操作的某種程度上之示意性局部說明;圖10為圖1之配備有最末端空氣阻斷輥之上可翻轉輸送機盤的局部垂直截面圖;及圖11為圖10之輸送機之內部向前端的局部透視圖,其說明空氣阻斷輥。
現轉而參看圖式,乾燥器設備20示意性地描繪於圖1中,且通常包括具有內部輸送機總成24及空氣處置系統26之外殼22。外殼22配備有經定向以將待乾燥之材料導入至輸送機總成24上的濕材料入口28以及乾材料出口30。空氣處置總成26自身為習知的,且包括用於將熱空氣遞送至內部分配器32及34之結構以及冷含塵空氣回氣口36至40。在操作中,濕材料經由入口28遞送且穿過輸送機總成24,同時熱乾燥空氣經由分 配器32、34分配。來自總成24之經乾燥的產品接著遞送至出口30,同時所得冷空氣經由回氣口36至40傳出外殼22。當然,設備20亦可用作產品冷卻器,在此情況下,冷卻空氣將代替熱乾燥空氣分配於外殼22中。
輸送機總成24包括一對相同的上無端翻轉盤式輸送機42及下無端翻轉盤式輸送機44。上輸送機42在鄰近其右側末端處接收待處理之材料,且繼而將經部分地處理之材料遞送至下輸送機44。經完全乾燥之材料接著經由出口30自輸送機44離開。因為輸送機42、44構造相同,所以以下對輸送機42之論述同樣適用於輸送機44。
輸送機42包括輸送機盤總成46以及電動輸送機盤支撐及移位總成48。輸送機盤總成46由一系列相同輸送機盤50組成,該等輸送機盤鄰近地置放且協作地界定上輸送機滑道52及對應下輸送機滑道54。每一輸送機盤50(參看圖6至圖8)包括狹長側向延伸之實質上為長方形的底板56,該底板呈現對置之第一材料載運表面58及第二材料載運表面60、前邊緣62及後邊緣64。凹凸形前區段66自邊緣62向前延伸,而嚙合凹凸形後區段68自邊緣64向後延伸。如圖7及圖8中所說明,底板56在前邊緣62與後邊緣64之間有穿孔以准許空氣流自其穿過;然而,未在圖式中之其他圖中展示此等穿孔,因為如此將混淆所描繪之結構。另外,該等穿孔可朝外延伸超出邊緣62、64至區段66、68中以使空氣流最大化。
輸送機盤50進一步包括一對鏡像端板70及72,其分別包括有孔中心區段74、76,直立頂部部分78、80,及懸垂下部部分82、84。頂部部分78、80具有在其上邊緣處之水平區段75、77。端板70及72相對於底板56以一角度定向,使得頂部部分78、80之前緣86略微在其後緣88 之外側。輸送機盤50配置於輸送機42中以使得每一輸送機盤50之前區段66與相鄰輸送機盤之後區段68在一個方向上相互配合,且類似地,輸送機盤之後區段68與相鄰輸送機盤50之前區段66在另一方向上相互配合,使得相互配合之輸送機盤50協作地呈現界定上輸送機滑道52及下輸送機滑道54之輸送機盤的連續體。此外,每一輸送機盤50之區段75、77的尾端與下一尾隨輸送機盤50之區段75、77的前緣交疊,以便提供連續水平條帶以限制空氣流動且有助於使產品碎屑不進入下文所描述之鏈驅動。
電動輸送機盤支撐及移位總成48包括對準之前鏈輪對90與後鏈輪對92,每一者支撐於各別橫軸94、96上。第一及第二無端輥輸送鏈98、100圍繞前鏈輪對90、後鏈輪對92滾動(train),且每一鏈由一系列互連之連桿102組成。軸94連接至習知變速驅動(未展示)以便使前鏈輪對90旋轉,由此使鏈98、100移位,且亦使軸96上之後鏈輪對92旋轉。
個別輸送機盤50藉助於附接至每一連桿102a之有孔、朝內延伸的凸耳板104固定至鏈98、100之附接連桿102a。連接螺栓106延伸貫穿凸耳板104中之孔口、中心區段74、76之孔口且貫穿底板56中之孔口,以便將鏈98、100互連至輸送機盤端板70、72,且亦將端板70、72連接至相關聯底板56。應瞭解,鏈98、100與輸送機盤50之間的連接為非樞轉式,即,輸送機盤50並不且無法相對於連桿102a樞轉。同樣地,當輸送機盤50橫越上輸送機滑道52及下輸送機滑道54時,不存在輸送機盤相對於滑道之縱軸的樞轉;且當輸送機盤50在前鏈輪對90、後鏈輪對92周圍行進時,不存在輸送機盤相對於鏈輪之樞轉。
輸送機42在用作採用處理空氣之設備20或其類似者之一部 分時亦較佳地配備有分別固定至軸94、96以隨其旋轉的一對端輥108。如圖10及圖11中所說明,輥108定位於每一對前鏈輪對90、後鏈輪對92的個別鏈輪之間,且基本上延伸該等鏈輪之間的整個距離。輥108用於至少部分地阻斷處理空氣自輸送機42向前及向後流動,由此迫使空氣自分配器32、34向上及向下且通過輸送機盤50。此外,可連同輥108一起或代替其而提供靜止之立式空氣阻斷擋扳,以便進一步控制通過輸送機42之空氣流。
操作
在輸送機42之操作過程中,前鏈輪對90、後鏈輪對92旋轉,且輸送鏈98、100連同附接之輸送機盤50一起移位。首先考慮上輸送機滑道52,當輸送機盤自後鏈輪對92向前朝向前鏈輪對90移位時,第一材料載運表面58面向上,且因此經定向以接收且載運來自入口28之待處理材料110(參看圖9)。材料110亦在側向上由端板70、72之頂部部分78、80限制。當個別輸送機盤50接近且開始橫越前鏈輪對90時,區段68及表面88與相鄰後向輸送機盤50之區段66及表面86分離,從而在該等輸送機盤之間產生開口112。隨著輸送機盤50在前鏈輪對90周圍繼續行進,輸送機盤50完全翻轉,因此,當其開始橫越下輸送機滑道54時,對置之第二材料載運表面60面向上,且端板70、72之部分82、84向上延伸。
重要地,輸送機盤50經設計而以如下方式將材料自上輸送機滑道輸送機盤轉移至下輸送機滑道輸送機盤:避免在前鏈輪對90與後鏈輪對92之間的中間位置處的材料分流。具體言之,輸送機42操作以藉由在後鏈輪對92的鏈輪周圍及/或之間傳送材料來實現此材料轉移。圖9說明上輸送機滑道52與下輸送機滑道54之間的例示性材料轉移,其中上輸送機滑 道52中所載運之材料110幾乎全部在前鏈輪對90周圍行進,且僅有極少量材料在其個別鏈輪之間傳送。因此,隨著每一輸送機盤50在輸送機盤翻轉期間在前鏈輪對90周圍移動,材料110藉由重力自輸送機盤50連續移動至先前輸送機盤50中之一或多者以清空該輸送機盤,使得其在沿著下輸送機滑道54之其翻轉位置可用。因此,上輸送機滑道與下輸送機滑道之間的材料110之轉移型樣可為完全在前鏈輪對90周圍,但本發明不限於此。在其他情況下,材料110中之一些或全部可因重力而穿過後鏈輪對92中的鏈輪之間的區域傳送至下輸送機滑道54之翻轉的輸送機盤50之第二材料載運表面60上。材料110之轉移的確切型樣視數個因素而定,包括鏈98、100之速度,材料110與輸送機盤50之間的靜態摩擦係數及材料110之安定角。然而,輸送機42之設計使得其可適應上輸送機滑道52與下輸送機滑道54之間的廣泛範圍之材料轉移型樣。
隨著材料110沿著下輸送機滑道54傳送,翻轉之輸送機盤50最終遭遇且橫越後鏈輪對92。當此情況發生時,該等輸送機盤之間如先前所描述再次發生分離114,其允許材料朝向諸如輸送機44(或就此而言,習知輸送機)之另一輸送機的輸入端或朝向出口30移動且進入該出口。在二級輸送機為相同輸送機44之情況下,其操作完全如上文所描述。
當然,在輸送機42為設備20之一部分的情況下,處理空氣將在輸送機操作期間被導入至分配器32、34中。此類空氣用以藉由穿過輸送機盤50之穿孔底板來處理材料110,且接著經由回氣口36至40回收。
根據本發明之輸送機准許建構具有極大地提高之效率及顯著地較小之佔據面積的材料調節設備。舉例而言,如圖1中所描繪之乾燥 器可採用軸94、96之間長度為十五呎的輸送機,其將在容量上等效於具有三十呎之軸間距離的標準乾燥器。因此,乾燥器之建構及操作將更經濟。

Claims (15)

  1. 一種傳輸粒狀材料的方法,其包含以下步驟:將該粒狀材料堆放至一可翻轉輸送機的上輸送機滑道之上,該輸送機具有複數個輸送機盤,該等輸送機盤在對準的前鏈輪對與後鏈輪對之間及周圍行進,從而界定大體上水平延伸的上輸送機滑道與下輸送機滑道,該等輸送機盤各自具有一底板,該底板呈現前邊緣部分、後邊緣部分以及對置之第一及第二材料載運表面;沿著該上輸送機滑道移動該等輸送機盤,其中該等第一材料載運表面面向上且支撐該粒狀材料,其中該前邊緣部分與該後邊緣部分係鄰近地置放,以維持該粒狀材料沿著該上輸送機滑道的連續床(continuous bed);當該上輸送機滑道之該等輸送機盤通過一支撐鏈輪對周圍時,將該等輸送機盤翻轉,使該等第二材料載運表面在該等輸送機盤沿著下輸送機滑道行進時面向上,且當該等輸送機盤在該等鏈輪周圍行進時,包含將該等輸送機盤的每一鄰近對的該等邊緣部分分離的步驟,從而為該粒狀材料產生開口;及使該粒狀材料通過該等開口,從而將該粒狀材料自該上輸送機滑道轉移至該下輸送機滑道。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之傳輸粒狀材料的方法,其中該上輸送機滑道及該下輸送機滑道係呈現上縱軸及下縱軸,且當該等輸送機盤通過該支撐鏈輪對周圍時,翻轉該等輸送機盤的步驟發生而無需該等輸送機盤相對於該上縱軸及該下縱軸之樞轉,且無需該等輸送機盤相對於該等鏈輪之樞轉。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之傳輸粒狀材料的方法,其中該等輸送機盤包含孔口,且該方法包括將空氣導入穿過該等輸送機盤的該等孔口的步驟。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之傳輸粒狀材料的方法,其中當該等輸送機盤通過該上輸送機滑道時,該前邊緣部分與該後邊緣部分係呈一重疊狀態(lapped condition)。
  5. 一種可翻轉輸送機,其包含:複數個輸送機盤,其在對準的前鏈輪對與後鏈輪對之間及周圍行進,從而界定大體上水平延伸的呈現上縱軸與下縱軸之上輸送機滑道與下輸送機滑道,每一輸送機盤具有對置之第一及第二材料載運表面;及一輸送機盤支撐結構,其支撐該等輸送機盤,使得該等第一材料載運表面在該等輸送機盤沿著該上輸送機滑道行進時面向上,且使得該等第二材料載運表面在該等輸送機盤沿著該下輸送機滑道行進時面向上,該輸送機盤支撐結構可操作以定向該等輸送機盤,使得沿著該上輸送機滑道之該等第一材料載運表面上所載運的材料藉由在該上輸送機滑道與該下輸送機滑道之間傳送該材料而轉移至沿著該下輸送機滑道之該等第二材料載運表面,該等輸送機盤各自具有一底板,該底板呈現前邊緣部分與後邊緣部分,在該等輸送機盤沿著該上輸送機滑道與該下輸送機滑道行進的期間,該等輸送機盤的該前邊緣部分與該後邊緣部分係鄰近地置放,且當鄰近的輸送機盤在該等鏈輪周圍行進時,鄰近的輸送機盤的該前邊緣部分與該後邊緣部分彼此分離,從而為介於該上輸送機滑道與該下輸送機滑道之間的該材料的傳送產生開口。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之可翻轉輸送機,其中該輸送機盤支撐結構係可操作以定向該等輸送機盤,使得當該等輸送機盤行進於該等前鏈輪對與該等後鏈輪對之間時,該材料的傳送發生而無需該等輸送機盤相對於該上縱軸及該下縱軸之樞轉,且當該等輸送機盤行進於該前鏈輪周圍時,無需該等輸送機盤相對於該前鏈輪之樞轉。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第5項之可翻轉輸送機,其中在該等輸送機盤沿著該上輸送機滑道與該下輸送機滑道行進的期間,該等輸送機盤的該前邊緣部分與該後邊緣部分係呈一重疊關係(lapped relationship)。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第5項之可翻轉輸送機,其中該前邊緣部分與該後邊緣部分在橫截面上係呈凹凸形(concavo-convex)組態。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第5項之可翻轉輸送機,其包括在該等前鏈輪對與該等後鏈輪對之間的空氣阻斷元件,且該等空氣阻斷元件經建構以抑制空氣自該上輸送機滑道與該下輸送機滑道之間向外流動於該等前鏈輪對與該等後鏈輪對之間。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第5項之可翻轉輸送機,其中該等輸送機盤之至少一部分為穿孔式,以准許空氣流自其穿過。
  11. 一種材料處理設備,其包含具有一材料入口與一經處理材料出口的外殼,且包含如申請專利範圍第5項之可翻轉輸送機於該外殼之中。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項之材料處理設備,其中複數個可翻轉輸送機係位於該外殼之中,且其中一可翻轉輸送機係位於另一可翻轉輸送機之上。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第11項之材料處理設備,其包含將氣流導入穿過該外殼的結構。
  14. 一種可翻轉輸送機盤,其包含:一狹長且大體上平坦的底板,其具有一對對置的材料載運表面、一對側向隔開的末端、一前邊緣、一後邊緣與介於該前邊緣與該後邊緣之間的軸向長度;一前區段,其自該前邊緣向前延伸;一後區段,其自該後邊緣向後延伸;該前區段及該後區段各自具有小於該底板的該軸向長度的一軸向長度;該前區段及該後區段在橫截面上各自為嚙合、凹凸形組態;鄰近於該等末端中之每一者的一端板,各端板具有在該底板之上延伸的一上區段與在該底板之下延伸的一下區段,該等端板具有縱向邊緣表面。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第14項之可翻轉輸送機盤,其中該底板為穿孔式,以准許空氣流自其穿過。
TW105139872A 2016-02-04 2016-12-02 包含高效率之輸送機總成、可翻轉輸送機及可翻轉輸送機盤之材料處理設備以及其相關之傳輸粒狀材料的方法 TWI632097B (zh)

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