TWI614371B - 觸媒層形成方法、觸媒層形成系統及記憶媒體 - Google Patents
觸媒層形成方法、觸媒層形成系統及記憶媒體 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI614371B TWI614371B TW104122165A TW104122165A TWI614371B TW I614371 B TWI614371 B TW I614371B TW 104122165 A TW104122165 A TW 104122165A TW 104122165 A TW104122165 A TW 104122165A TW I614371 B TWI614371 B TW I614371B
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- catalyst
- catalyst layer
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 233
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 79
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 234
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 110
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 68
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 28
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 17
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009623 Bosch process Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromocopper(1+) Chemical compound Br[Cu+] ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- PEVJCYPAFCUXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J dicopper;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O PEVJCYPAFCUXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000138 intercalating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002941 palladium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76871—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers
- H01L21/76874—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers for electroless plating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
- C23C18/1651—Two or more layers only obtained by electroless plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1646—Characteristics of the product obtained
- C23C18/165—Multilayered product
- C23C18/1653—Two or more layers with at least one layer obtained by electroless plating and one layer obtained by electroplating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1689—After-treatment
- C23C18/1692—Heat-treatment
- C23C18/1696—Control of atmosphere
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1851—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material
- C23C18/1872—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of surfaces of non-metallic or semiconducting in organic material by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1886—Multistep pretreatment
- C23C18/1893—Multistep pretreatment with use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, first
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/38—Coating with copper
- C23C18/40—Coating with copper using reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/48—Coating with alloys
- C23C18/50—Coating with alloys with alloys based on iron, cobalt or nickel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76871—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers
- H01L21/76873—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers for electroplating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76898—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics formed through a semiconductor substrate
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Description
本發明,係關於對基板形成觸媒層之觸媒層形成方法、觸媒層形成系統及記憶媒體。
近年來,LSI等的半導體裝置,係對應於實裝面積之省空間化或改善處理速度這樣的課題,追求更進一步高密度化。作為實現高密度化之技術的一例,已知有藉由層積複數個配線基板的方式來製作三次元LSI等之多層基板的多層配線技術。
在多層配線技術中,一般而言為了確保配線基板間之導通,而在配線基板設置貫通配線基板並且填埋有銅(Cu)等之導電性材料的貫通導孔。作為用以製作填埋有導電性材料之貫通導孔之技術的一例,已知有無電解鍍敷法。
作為製作配線基板的具體方法,已知下述方法:準備形成有凹部的基板,接著,在基板的凹部內形成作為Cu擴散防止膜之阻障膜,且藉由無電解Cu鍍敷而在該阻障膜上形成種膜。之後,藉由電解Cu鍍敷而在凹
部內填埋有Cu,填埋有Cu的基板,係藉由化學機械研磨等的研磨方法來予以薄膜化,藉此,製作具有貫通導孔(該貫通導孔,係填埋有Cu)的配線基板。
在上述配線基板中形成阻障膜的情況下,預先使觸媒吸附於基板而形成觸媒層,且藉由對該觸媒層上施予鍍敷處理的方式,得到由Co-W-B層所構成的阻障膜。阻障膜,係之後被燒固而去除內部的水分,且強化金屬間結合。
然而,在使觸媒吸附於基板的情況下,開發一種使用鈀等之奈米粒子來作為觸媒的技術。
[專利文獻1]日本特開2013-67856號公報
如上述,在使觸媒吸附於基板的情況下,開發了一種使用鈀等之奈米粒子來作為觸媒的技術。
然而,難以使觸媒均勻地吸附於基板整個區域,且像這樣的方法並未被開發。
本發明,係考慮像這樣之觀點而進行研究者,以提供一種觸媒層形成方法(該觸媒層形成方法,係可使觸媒均勻地吸附於基板整個區域,而形成觸媒層)、
觸媒層形成系統及記憶媒體為目的。
本發明,係對基板形成觸媒層的觸媒層形成方法,其特徵係,具備有:準備具有凹部之基板的工程;第1供給工程,將包含有觸媒的觸媒溶液,以遍及至前述基板表面整個區域的方式,供給至前述基板上,且使觸媒均勻地吸附於前述基板表面整個區域,而形成基板表面觸媒層;及第2供給工程,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊對前述基板之中央部供給前述觸媒溶液,使觸媒吸附於前述凹部內面整個區域,而形成凹部內面觸媒層。
本發明,係在對基板形成觸媒層的觸媒層形成系統中,其特徵係,具備有:基板旋轉保持機構,旋轉自如地保持具有凹部的基板;第1供給部,將包含有觸媒的觸媒溶液,以使前述觸媒溶液遍及至前述基板表面整個區域的方式,供給至前述基板上,且使觸媒均勻地吸附於前述基板表面整個區域,而形成基板表面觸媒層;及第2供給部,藉由前述基板旋轉保持機構,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊對前述基板的中央部供給前述觸媒溶液,使觸媒吸附於前述凹部內面整個區域,而形成凹部內
面觸媒層。
本發明,係在儲存有電腦程式(該電腦程式,係用以使觸媒層形成方法執行於觸媒層形成系統)的記憶媒體中,其特徵係,前述觸媒層形成方法,係在對基板形成觸媒層的觸媒層形成方法中,具備有:準備具有凹部之基板的工程;第1供給工程,將包含有觸媒的觸媒溶液,以使前述觸媒溶液遍及至前述基板表面整個區域的方式,供給至前述基板上,且使觸媒均勻地吸附於前述基板表面整個區域,而形成基板表面觸媒層;及第2供給工程,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊對前述基板的中央部供給前述觸媒溶液,使觸媒吸附於前述凹部內面整個區域,而形成凹部內面觸媒層。
根據本發明,可使觸媒均勻地吸附於基板整個區域,而形成觸媒層。
2‧‧‧基板
2a‧‧‧凹部
10‧‧‧鍍敷處理系統
11‧‧‧基板搬送臂
12‧‧‧密接層形成部
13‧‧‧觸媒層形成部
14‧‧‧鍍敷層形成部
15‧‧‧鍍敷層燒固部
15A‧‧‧加熱板
15a‧‧‧密閉殼體
15b‧‧‧排氣口
15c‧‧‧N2氣體供給口
16‧‧‧無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部
17‧‧‧電解Cu鍍敷層形成部
18‧‧‧卡匣站
19‧‧‧控制部
19A‧‧‧記憶媒體
21‧‧‧密接層
22‧‧‧觸媒層
22A‧‧‧基板表面觸媒層
22B‧‧‧凹部內面觸媒層
23‧‧‧鍍敷層
24‧‧‧無電解Cu鍍敷層
25‧‧‧電解Cu鍍敷層
32‧‧‧吐出噴嘴
92‧‧‧噴嘴
104‧‧‧噴嘴頭
[圖1]圖1,係表示組入有本發明之實施形態之觸媒層形成系統之鍍敷處理系統全體的方塊圖。
[圖2]圖2,係表示組入有本發明之實施形態之觸媒
層形成系統之鍍敷處理方法全體的流程圖。
[圖3]圖3(a)~(g),係表示施予鍍敷處理方法之基板的圖。
[圖4]圖4,係表示本發明之實施形態之觸媒層形成方法之第1供給工程及第2供給工程的工程圖。
[圖5]圖5,係表示觸媒層形成系統的側剖面圖。
[圖6]圖6,係表示觸媒層形成系統的平面圖。
[圖7]圖7,係表示鍍敷層燒固部的側剖面圖。
藉由圖1~圖7來說明本發明之一實施形態。
首先,藉由圖1來敘述組入有本發明之觸媒層形成系統的鍍敷處理系統。
如圖1所示,鍍敷處理系統10,係對半導體晶圓等之具有凹部2a的基板(矽基板)2施予鍍敷處理者(參閱圖3(a)~(g))。
像這樣的鍍敷處理系統10,係具備有:卡匣站18,載置有收容了基板2的卡匣(未圖示);基板搬送臂11,從卡匣站18上的卡匣取出基板2並進行搬送;及基板搬送臂11進行行走的行走路徑11a。
又,在行走路徑11之一側,配置有:密接層形成部12,使矽烷耦合劑等之耦合劑吸附於基板2上,
而形成後述之密接層21;觸媒層形成部13,使觸媒吸附於基板2的密接層21上,而形成後述之觸媒層22;及鍍敷層形成部14,在基板2之觸媒層22上,形成具有後述之Cu擴散防止膜(阻障膜)之功能的鍍敷層23。
又,在行走路徑11的另一側,配置有:鍍敷層燒固部15,燒固形成於基板2的鍍敷層23;及無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部16,用以在形成於基板2的鍍敷層23上,形成具有後述之種膜之功能的無電解銅鍍敷層(無電解Cu鍍敷層)24。
又,配置有:電解Cu鍍敷層形成部17,其係鄰接於鍍敷層燒固部15,且用以在形成於基板2的凹部2a內,以無電解Cu鍍敷層24作為種膜而充填電解銅鍍敷層(電解Cu鍍敷層)25。
又,上述之鍍敷處理系統的各構成構件,例如卡匣站18、基板搬送臂11、密接層形成部12、觸媒層形成部13、鍍敷層形成部14、鍍敷層燒固部15、無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部16及電解Cu鍍敷層形成部17,皆係根據記錄於記憶媒體19A(該記憶媒體,係設置於控制部19)的各種程式,以控制部19來驅動控制,藉由此,對基板2進行各種處理。在此,記憶媒體19A,係儲存有各種設定資訊或後述之鍍敷處理程式等的各種程式。作為記憶媒體19A,係可使用電腦可讀取之ROM或RAM等之記憶體或硬碟、CD-ROM、DVD-ROM或軟碟片等之碟片狀記憶媒體等之習知的記憶裝置。
接下來,進一步敍述用以形成觸媒層22的觸媒層形成部(亦稱為觸媒層形成系統)13。
觸媒層形成部13,係可由圖5及圖6所示的液處理裝置來構成。
另外,鍍敷層形成部14及無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部16,亦可由與觸媒層形成部13同樣的液處理裝置來構成。觸媒層形成部13,係如圖5及圖6所示者。
觸媒層形成部(觸媒層形成系統)13,係如圖5及圖6所示,具備有:基板旋轉保持機構(基板收容部)110,用以在殼體101之內部旋轉保持基板2;液供給機構30,90,對基板2之表面供給觸媒溶液或洗淨液等;罩杯105,承接從基板2所飛散之鍍敷液或洗淨液等;排出口124,129,134,排出以罩杯105所承接的觸媒溶液或洗淨液;液排出機構120,125,130,排出在排出口所收集的液體;及控制機構160,控制基板旋轉保持機構110、液供給機構30,90、罩杯105及液排出機構120,125,130。
其中,基板旋轉保持機構110,係如圖5及圖6所示,具有:中空圓筒狀之旋轉軸111,在殼體101內上下延伸;旋轉台112,被安裝於旋轉軸111之上端部;晶圓夾具113,設置於旋轉台112之上面外周部且支撐基板2;及旋轉機構162,旋轉驅動旋轉軸111。其中,旋轉機
構162,係藉由控制機構160來控制,且藉由旋轉機構162來驅動旋轉旋轉軸111,藉由此,使藉由晶圓夾具113所支撐的基板2旋轉。
接下來,參閱圖5及圖6,說明關於對基板2之表面供給觸媒溶液或洗淨液等的液供給機構30,90。液供給機構30,90,係包含有:觸媒溶液供給機構30,對基板2之表面供給觸媒溶液;及洗淨液供給機構90,對基板2之表面供給洗淨液。
如圖5及圖6所示,吐出噴嘴32,係被安裝於噴嘴頭104。又,噴嘴頭104,係被安裝於臂部103之前端部,該臂部103,係可上下方向延伸,且被固定於藉由旋轉機構165旋轉驅動的支撐軸102。觸媒溶液供給機構30之觸媒溶液供給管33,係配置於臂部103之內側。藉由像這樣的構成,可使觸媒溶液經由吐出噴嘴32,從所要的高度吐出至基板2之表面的任意部位。
洗淨液供給機構90,係使用於如後述之基板2的洗淨工程者,如圖5所示,包含有被安裝於噴嘴頭104的噴嘴92。在該情況下,從噴嘴92,選擇性地將洗淨液或沖洗處理液之任一吐出至基板2之表面。
接下來,參閱圖5,說明排出從基板2飛散之觸媒溶液或洗淨液等的液排出機構120,125,130。如圖5所示,在殼體101內,係配置有罩杯105(該罩杯,係藉由升
降機構164驅動於上下方向,且具有排出口124,129,134)。液排出機構120,125,130,係排出分別在排出口124,129,134所收集的液體者。
如圖5所示,鍍敷液排出機構120,125,係分別具有藉由流路切換器121,126切換的回收流路122,127及廢棄流路123,128。其中回收流路122,127,係用以回收觸媒溶液而再利用的流路,另一方面,廢棄流路123,128,係用以廢棄觸媒溶液的流路。另外,如圖5所示,在處理液排出機構130,係僅設置有廢棄流路133。
又,如圖5及圖6所示,在基板收容部110之出口側,係連接有排出觸媒溶液之觸媒溶液排出機構120的回收流路122,該回收流路122中之在基板收容部110的出口側附近,設置有冷卻觸媒溶液的冷卻緩衝器120A。
接下來,敘述鍍敷層燒固部15。
鍍敷層燒固部15,係如圖7所示,具備有密閉的密閉殼體15a與加熱板15A(該加熱板,係配置於密閉殼體15a內部)。
在鍍敷層燒固部15之密閉殼體15a,係設置有用以搬送基板2之搬送口(未圖示),又,在密閉殼體15a內,係從N2氣體供給口15c供給有N2氣體。
同時地,密閉殼體15a內,係藉由排氣口15b予以排氣,且可藉由使密閉殼體15a內充滿N2氣體的方
式,使密閉殼體15a內保持為惰性環境。
接下來,藉由圖2~圖4,說明由像這樣之構成所形成的本實施形態的作用。
首先,在前工程中,對由半導體晶圓等所構成的基板(矽基板)2形成凹部2a,形成有凹部2a的基板2,係被搬送至本發明之鍍敷處理系統10內。
而且,在鍍敷處理系統10之密接層形成部12內,在具有凹部2a的基板2上形成有密接層21(圖2及圖3(a))。
在此,作為在基板2形成凹部2a的方法,係可適當地採用以往習知的方法。具體而言,例如作為乾蝕刻技術,可適用使用了氟系或氯系氣體等之泛用的技術,特別是要形成深寬比(孔的深度/孔徑)之較大的孔時,更可適切地採用可以高速進行深蝕刻之ICP-RIE(Inductively Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching:感應耦合電漿-反應性離子蝕刻)之技術採用的方法,特別是,可適切地採用被稱為博希製程(bosch process)的方法,該博希製程,係反覆進行使用了六氟化硫(SF6)的蝕刻步驟與使用了C4F8等之鐵氟龍系氣體的保護步驟。
又,密接層形成部12,係具有真空室(未圖示)(該真空室,係具有加熱部),在該密接層形成部12內,矽烷耦合劑等的耦合劑,係被吸附於具有凹部2a的
基板2上,如此一來,在基板2上形成有密接層21(SAM處理)。使吸附矽烷耦合劑而形成的密接層21,係提高後述之觸媒層22與基板2的密接性者。
在密接層形成部12中,形成有密接層21的基板2,係藉由基板搬送臂11,被傳送至如圖5及圖6所示的觸媒層形成部13。而且,在該觸媒層形成部13中,例如成為觸媒的奈米鈀(n-Pd),係被吸附於基板2之密接層21上,而形成觸媒層22(圖3(b)(c))。
接下來,對於本發明之實施形態之觸媒層形成部13的觸媒層形成工程進行說明。
首先,基板2,係被載置於觸媒層形成部13的基板旋轉保持機構110上。
之後,如圖4所示,基板2,係藉由基板旋轉保持機構110而旋轉,在該期間,從噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,以1.5L/分的流量,對基板2上供給DIW(離子化蒸餾水)1分鐘。在該情況下,基板2之旋轉數,係500rpm,噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,係停止在基板2的中央部2A上方。
接下來,基板2,係維持以500rpm的旋轉數來旋轉,從噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,以35~40ml/分的流量,對基板2上供給IPA(異丙醇)1分鐘。在該情況下,噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,係停止在基板2的中央部2A上方。
之後,基板2,係維持以500rpm的旋轉數來
旋轉,從噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,以1.5L/分的流量,對基板2上供給DIW3分鐘。在該情況下,噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,係停止在基板2的中央部2A上方。
如此一來,可藉由一邊使基板2旋轉,一邊對基板2上依序供給DIW、IPA及DIW的方式,以純水來置換基板2的凹部2a內。
接下來,一邊以300rpm的旋轉數使基板2旋轉,一邊使用噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32,以650ml/分的流量,對基板2上供給包含有成為觸媒之奈米鈀(n-Pd)的觸媒溶液5分鐘。
在該期間,使噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32,在基板2的中央部2A上方與周緣部2B上方之間往復移動。如此一來,一邊使基板2旋轉,一邊從噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32對基板2上供給觸媒溶液,並且使噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32,在基板2的中央部2A上方與周緣部2B上方之間往復移動,藉由此,觸媒溶液會遍及至基板2的表面整個區域。如此一來,可藉由對基板2之表面整個區域供給觸媒溶液的方式,使觸媒吸附於基板2的表面整個區域,而形成基板表面觸媒層22A(第1供給工程)。
在該第1供給工程中,係可在基板2之表面整個區域形成均勻的基板表面觸媒層22A。雖然該基板表面觸媒層22A,係從凹部2a的表面到達凹部2a的內面一點點,但並未延伸至凹部2a的內面整個區域(參閱圖3(b))。
接下來,一邊以500rpm的旋轉數使基板2旋轉,一邊使用噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32,以1.0L/分的流量,對基板2上供給觸媒溶液5分鐘。
在該期間,預先使噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32停止在基板2的中央部2A上方。如此一來,一邊使基板2旋轉,一邊從噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32,對基板2上供給觸媒溶液,並且使噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32預先停止在基板2的中央部2A上方,藉由此,可在基板2的表面整個區域形成從基板2之中央部2A朝向周緣部2B之觸媒溶液的整流。而且,如此一來,可藉由在基板2的表面整個區域形成從中央部2A朝向周緣部2B之觸媒溶液之整流的方式,使觸媒溶液確實地進入基板2之凹部2a,並使觸媒吸附於基板2之凹部2a內面整個區域,而形成凹部內面觸媒層22B(第2供給工程)。
可藉由該第2供給工程,在凹部2a內面形成均勻的凹部內面觸媒層22B,如此一來,可藉由基板表面觸媒層22A與凹部內面觸媒層22B,在基板2的表面整個區域及凹部2a的內面整個區域設置均勻形成的觸媒層22。
之後,基板2,係以500rpm的旋轉數來旋轉,從噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,以1.0L/分的流量,對基板2上供給DIW10分鐘,且對基板2實施沖洗工程。在該情況下,噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,係停止在基板2的中央部2A上方。
接下來,基板2,係以300rpm的旋轉數來旋轉,從噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,以35~40ml/分的流量,對基板2上供給IPA1分鐘。在該情況下,噴嘴頭104之噴嘴92,係在基板2的中央部2A上方與周緣部2B上方之間往復移動。之後,一邊使基板2以550rpm的旋轉數旋轉70秒,一邊停止來自噴嘴92之IPA的供給。如此一來,甩掉基板2上的DIW,實施使基板2乾燥的乾燥工程。
在像這樣之基板2的乾燥工程中,亦可使N2氣體噴出至基板2上而實施乾燥控制。
如此一來,在觸媒層形成部13中,可在基板2的表面整個區域及凹部2a的內面整個區域設置均勻形成的觸媒層22。
另外,在上述第2供給工程中,雖係表示一邊使基板2旋轉,一邊從噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32來供給觸媒溶液,並且使吐出噴嘴32停止在基板2之中央部2A上方的例子,但並不限於此,亦可使吐出噴頭32在基板2的中央部2A上方附近往復移動一點點。
接下來,說明供給至基板2之觸媒溶液及包含於觸媒溶液的觸媒22a。一開始,說明觸媒22a。
作為被吸附於基板2之密接層21的觸媒22a,係適切地使用具有可促進鍍敷反應之觸媒作用的觸媒,例如使用由奈米粒子所構成的觸媒。在此,奈米粒子,係指具有觸媒作用之膠體狀的粒子,且平均粒徑為
20nm以下,例如為0.5nm~20nm之範圍內的粒子。作為構成奈米粒子的元素,係例如可列舉出鈀、金、白金等。其中,可將奈米粒子之鈀表示為n-Pd。
又,作為構成奈米粒子的元素,亦可使用釕。
測定奈米粒子之平均粒徑的方法並不特別限定,可使用各種方法。例如,在測定觸媒溶液內之奈米粒子的平均粒徑時,可使用動態光散射法等。動態光散射法,係指對分散於觸媒溶液內的奈米粒子照射雷射光,藉由觀察其散亂光的方式來計算奈米粒子之平均粒徑等的方法。又,在測定吸附於基板2之凹部2a之奈米粒子的平均粒徑時,亦可從使用TEM或SEM等所獲得的圖像,來檢測預定個數的奈米粒子,例如20個奈米粒子,從而計算該些奈米粒子之粒徑的平均值。
接下來,說明包含有由奈米粒子所構成之觸媒的觸媒溶液。觸媒溶液,係指含有構成形成為觸媒之奈米粒子之金屬的離子者。在例如奈米粒子是由鈀所構成的情況下,在觸媒溶液,係以含有氯化鈀等的鈀化合物來作為鈀離子源。
觸媒溶液的具體組成並不特別限定,但較佳的是以使得觸媒溶液之黏性係數成為0.01Pa.s以下的方式,設定觸媒溶液的組成。藉由將觸媒溶液之黏性係數設成為上述範圍內的方式,即使基板2之凹部2a的直徑小,亦可使觸媒溶液充分地遍及至基板2之凹部2a的下
部。藉此,可使觸媒22a更確實地吸附至基板2之凹部2a的下部。
最好,觸媒溶液中的觸媒22a,係藉由分散劑來被覆。藉此,可縮小觸媒22a之界面的界面能量。因此,可更促進觸媒溶液內之觸媒22a的擴散,藉此,可使觸媒22a在更短時間內到達基板2之凹部2a的下部。又,可防止複數個觸媒22a凝集而其粒徑變大,藉此亦可更促進觸媒溶液內之觸媒22a的擴散。
準備以分散劑所被覆之觸媒22a的方法並不特別限定。例如,亦可預先對觸媒層形成部13供給包含有以分散劑所被覆之觸媒22a的觸媒溶液。或者,亦可以在觸媒層形成部13的內部,例如在觸媒溶液供給機構30實施由分散劑來被覆觸媒22a之工程的方式,構成觸媒層形成部13。
具體而言,作為分散劑,係聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、聚乙烯亞胺(PEI)、四甲基銨(TMA)、檸檬酸等為較佳。
其他,用以調整特性的各種藥劑亦可被添加於觸媒溶液。
另外,作為包含有觸媒22a的觸媒溶液,係不限於包含有n-Pd等之奈米粒子的觸媒溶液,亦可使用氯化鈀水溶液(PdCl2)來作為觸媒溶液,且使用氯化鈀(PdCl2)中的Pd離子來作為觸媒22a。
如此一來,在觸媒層形成部13中,在基板2
上形成觸媒層22之後,基板2,係藉由基板搬送臂11被傳送鍍敷層形成部14。
接下來,在鍍敷層形成部14中,在基板2之觸媒層22上,形成具有Cu擴散防止膜(阻障膜)之功能的鍍敷層23(圖3(d))。
在該情況下,鍍敷層形成部14,係由如圖5及圖6所示的液處理裝置所構成,且可藉由對基板2之觸媒層22上施予無電解鍍敷處理的方式,形成鍍敷層23。
在鍍敷層形成部14中,形成鍍敷層23的情況下,作為鍍敷液,係可使用包含有例如Co-W-B的鍍敷液,且鍍敷液之溫度,係維持為40~75℃(較佳的係65℃)。
藉由對基板2上供給包含有Co-W-B之鍍敷液的方式,在基板2之觸媒層22上,藉由無電解鍍敷處理來形成包含有Co-W-B的鍍敷層23。
接下來,基板2(該基板,係在觸媒層22上形成有鍍敷層23),係藉由基板搬送臂11,從鍍敷層形成部14被傳送至鍍敷層燒固部15的密閉殼體15a內。而且,在該鍍敷層燒固部15的密閉殼體15a內,為了抑制氧化,而於充填了N2氣體的惰性環境中,在加熱板15A上加熱基板2。如此一來,基板2之鍍敷層23被燒固(Bake處理)。
在鍍敷層燒固部15中,燒固鍍敷層23之際的燒固溫度,係150~200℃,燒固時間,係10~30分。
如此一來,可藉由燒固基板2上之鍍敷層23的方式,使鍍敷層23內的水分往外放出,且可同時提高鍍敷層23內的金屬間結合。
像這樣形成的鍍敷層23,係具有Cu擴散防止層(阻障膜)的功能。接下來,基板2(該基板,係形成有具有阻障膜之功能的鍍敷層23),係之後藉由基板搬送臂11被傳送至無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部16。
接下來,在無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部16中,在基板2之鍍敷層層積體23上,形成有無電解Cu鍍敷層24(圖3(e))(該無電解Cu鍍敷層,係具有用以形成電解Cu鍍敷層25的種膜)。
在該情況下,無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部16,係由如圖5及圖6所示的液處理裝置所構成,且可藉由對基板2之鍍敷層23上施予無電解鍍敷處理的方式,形成無電解Cu鍍敷層24。
在無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部16所形成的無電解Cu鍍敷層24,係具有用以形成電解Cu鍍敷層25之種膜的功能,在無電解Cu鍍敷層形成部16所使用的鍍敷液中,係含有成為銅離子源的銅鹽,例如硫酸銅、硝酸銅、氯化銅、溴化銅、氧化銅、氫氧化銅、焦磷酸銅等。又,在鍍敷液中,係進一步含有銅離子的錯合劑及還原劑。又,在鍍敷液中,係亦可含有用以使鍍敷反應之穩定性或速度提升的各種添加劑。
如此一來,形成有無電解Cu鍍敷層24的基
板2,係藉由基板搬送臂11被傳送至電解Cu鍍敷層形成部17。另外,亦可在將形成有無電解Cu鍍敷層24的基板2傳送至燒固部15並進行燒固之後,傳送至電解Cu鍍敷層形成部17。接下來,在電解Cu鍍敷層形成部17中,對基板2施予電解Cu鍍敷處理,在基板2之凹部2a內,將無電解Cu鍍敷層24作為種膜充填電解Cu鍍敷層25(圖3(f))。
之後,基板2,係從鍍敷處理系統10往外排出,基板2的背面側(與凹部2a相反之側)被化學機械研磨(圖3(g))。
如上述,根據本實施形態,在觸媒層形成部13中,可於第1供給工程中,對基板2之表面整個區域供給觸媒溶液,而在基板2的表面整個區域形成均勻的基板表面觸媒層22A,且可於第2供給工程中,對凹部2內面整個區域供給觸媒溶液,而在凹部2a內面整個區域形成均勻的凹部內面觸媒層22B。
接下來,說明本發明之變形例。在上述實施形態中,雖係表示在第1供給工程中,一邊使基板2旋轉,一邊從噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32供給觸媒溶液,並且使吐出噴嘴32在基板2的中央部2A上方與周緣部2B上方之間往復移動的例子,但並不限於此,亦可使用噴霧噴嘴(未圖示),將觸媒溶液噴霧狀地噴出至基板2的表面整個區
域。在該情況下,亦可使基板2旋轉,或亦可預先使基板2停止。
於第1供給工程中,在使用噴霧噴嘴將觸媒溶液噴霧狀地噴出至基板2的表面整個區域時,在之後的第2供給工程中,控制噴霧噴嘴的噴出範圍,而僅對基板2的中央部供給觸媒溶液。於該第2供給工程中,預先使基板2旋轉。
如此一來,可藉由使用噴霧噴嘴來代替噴嘴頭104之吐出噴嘴32的方式,於第1供給工程中,以遍及至基板2之表面整個區域的方式供給觸媒溶液,且藉由此,可在基板2之表面整個區域形成均勻的基板表面觸媒層22A。又,於第2供給工程中,可在基板2之表面整個區域形成觸媒溶液的整流,且可在凹部2a內面整個區域形成均勻的凹部內面觸媒層22B。
另外,在上述實施例中,雖係表示以電解Cu鍍敷處理來填充電解Cu鍍敷層的例子,但不限於此,亦可以無電解Cu鍍敷處理來代替電解Cu鍍敷處理,形成Cu鍍敷層。
又,在上述實施例中,雖係表示在燒固鍍敷層23的情況下,在鍍敷層燒固部15之密閉殼體15a內,於充填有N2氣體的惰性環境中,在加熱板15A上加熱基板2的例子,但不限於此,亦可將例如低溫化或縮短處理時間作為目的,使密閉殼體15a內成為真空,而在加熱板15A上加熱基板2。
又,在上述實施例中,雖係表示以鍍敷層燒固部15來燒固鍍敷層23的例子,但除此之外,亦可在圖5所示的觸媒層形成部13中,在基板2之上方設置燈照射部200(UV光等)或覆蓋基板2之加熱板(未圖示)等的加熱源,並在觸媒層形成部13內進行觸媒層22之燒固。
Claims (11)
- 一種觸媒層形成方法,係對基板形成觸媒層,該觸媒層形成方法,其特徵係,具備有:準備具有凹部之基板的工程;第1供給工程,將包含有觸媒的觸媒溶液,以遍及至前述基板表面整個區域的方式,供給至前述基板上,且使觸媒均勻地吸附於前述基板表面整個區域,而形成基板表面觸媒層;及第2供給工程,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊對前述基板之中央部供給前述觸媒溶液,使觸媒吸附於前述凹部內面整個區域,而形成凹部內面觸媒層。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之觸媒層形成方法,其中,在前述第1供給工程中,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊從噴嘴供給前述觸媒溶液,並且使前述噴嘴在前述基板的中央部上方與周緣部上方之間往復移動。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之觸媒層形成方法,其中,在前述第1供給工程中,使前述觸媒溶液從噴霧噴嘴噴霧狀地噴出至前述基板整個區域。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之觸媒層形成方法,其中,在前述第2供給工程中,從噴嘴供給前述觸媒溶液,並且使前述噴嘴在前述基板的中央部附近上方往復移動。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之觸媒層形成方法,其中,在前述第2供給工程中,從噴嘴供給前述觸媒溶液,並且使前述噴嘴停止在前述基板的中央部。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之觸媒層形成方法,其中,在前述第2供給工程中,使前述觸媒溶液從前述噴霧噴嘴噴霧狀地噴出至前述基板的中央部。
- 一種觸媒層形成系統,係對基板形成觸媒層,該觸媒層形成系統,其特徵係,具備有:基板旋轉保持機構,旋轉自如地保持具有凹部的基板;第1供給部,將包含有觸媒的觸媒溶液,以使前述觸媒溶液遍及至前述基板表面整個區域的方式,供給至前述基板上,且使觸媒均勻地吸附於前述基板表面整個區域,而形成基板表面觸媒層;及第2供給部,藉由前述基板旋轉保持機構,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊對前述基板的中央部供給前述觸媒溶液,且使觸媒吸附於前述凹部內面整個區域,而形成凹部內面觸媒層。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之觸媒層形成系統,其中,前述第1供給部,係具有藉由前述基板旋轉保持機構,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊供給前述觸媒溶液的噴 嘴,該噴嘴,係在前述基板的中央部與周緣部之間往復移動。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之觸媒層形成系統,其中,前述第1供給部,係具有使前述觸媒溶液噴霧狀地噴出至前述基板整個區域的噴霧噴嘴。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之觸媒層形成系統,其中,前述第2供給部,係使噴嘴(該噴嘴,係藉由前述基板旋轉保持機構,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊供給前述觸媒溶液)停止在前述基板的中央部。
- 一種記憶媒體,係儲存有電腦程式(該電腦程式,係用以使觸媒層形成方法執行於觸媒層形成系統),該記憶媒體,其特徵係,前述觸媒層形成方法,係在對基板形成觸媒層的觸媒層形成方法中,具備有:準備具有凹部之基板的工程;第1供給工程,將包含有觸媒的觸媒溶液,以使前述觸媒溶液遍及至前述基板表面整個區域的方式,供給至前述基板上,且使觸媒均勻地吸附於前述基板表面整個區域,而形成基板表面觸媒層;及第2供給工程,一邊使前述基板旋轉,一邊對前述基板的中央部供給前述觸媒溶液,且使觸媒吸附於前述凹部內面整個區域,而形成凹部內面觸媒層。
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