TWI612359B - 一種隱形眼鏡套組 - Google Patents
一種隱形眼鏡套組 Download PDFInfo
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/04—Contact lenses for the eyes
- G02C7/041—Contact lenses for the eyes bifocal; multifocal
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
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Abstract
本發明提供設計隱形眼鏡的方法和根據該方法設計隱形眼鏡,相對於傳統鏡片與方法該鏡片提供一種矯正老花眼的改善方法。本發明藉由使用鏡片對改善性能和減少設計時間,其協同作用以提供該鏡片配戴者雙眼在視近、視中及視遠具有良好視力與擁有一貫表現。
Description
本發明有關於益於矯正老花眼之眼用鏡片。特別地,本發明提供於穿戴者的隱形眼鏡組,其可矯正老花眼。
當人年紀漸長,眼睛會難以調整視力,或使天然水晶體彎曲,以聚焦於相對較近於觀察者之物件。此一情況習稱老花眼。同樣,對於已將天然水晶體(natural lens)移除而用植入人工水晶體(intraocular lens)來替代的人來說,更無調視能力。
在用以矯正眼睛無法調適的方法當中有一方法為單視力(mono-vision),單一視力鏡片在鏡片配戴者之優勢眼(dominant eye)上矯正視遠(distance vision)以及單一鏡片在非優勢眼(non-dominant eye)上矯正視近(dominant eye)。但單視力並不理想,因為會降低立體影像。矯正老花眼的其他已知方法,在配戴者之兩眼上使用雙焦點的或多焦點的隱形眼鏡。對照單視力,在雙眼使用雙焦點或多焦點鏡片會產生影像對比和解析度的減少。然而探討老花眼的其餘方法有放置一雙焦點或多焦點鏡片在一個眼睛上,以及在另一眼睛上放置一單一視力鏡片,但此一方法並不理想,配戴鏡片必須考慮能夠提供個人滿意的鏡片表現。
本發明提供設計隱形眼鏡的方法,根據該方法設計隱形眼鏡以及生產該鏡片,相對於傳統鏡片與方法,該鏡片提供一種改善矯正老花眼的方法。本發明以改善鏡片性能、減少設計時間和鏡片對的協同作用來提供該鏡片配戴者在視近、視中及視遠時具有良好雙眼視力與一貫表現。
圖1為一描述一光焦度分佈的圖表。
圖2為描述本發明之一鏡片之一光焦度分佈的圖表。
圖3為描述本發明之一鏡片之一光焦度分佈的圖表。
圖4為描述本發明之一鏡片之一光焦度分佈的圖表。
在一實施例中,本發明提供一鏡片對,基本組成與構成包含一第一鏡片和一第二鏡片,其滿足下列關係:
其中是從2.5至6mm瞳孔直徑之一雙眼加權視遠比(distance ratio)的一平均值;Rx_add是增加屈光度至該視遠處方以提供一個人視近矯正的該附加度數;是從2.5至6mm瞳孔直徑之一雙眼加權視近比的一平均值;是約2.5至6mm瞳孔直徑和在視遠下該第一及第二鏡片的加權視遠比之間差值的一平均值;以及是約3.5至6mm瞳孔直徑和在視近下該第一及第二鏡片的加權視近比之間差值的一平均值。
在一較佳的實施例,該鏡片對是從一組鏡片中選擇具有一增加度數(add power),範圍約從0.75至2.50屈光度。
本發明同時提供一種包含基本組成和構成以矯正老花眼的方法:a.)提供兩個或多個鏡片,各鏡片各具有與其他鏡片彼此差異的一光焦度分佈;以及b.)從步驟a.)所提供的該等鏡片中選擇一第一鏡片和一第二鏡片以構成一鏡片對,其中該第一和第二鏡片對滿足下列關係:
-0.14×Rx_add+0.84
在另一實施例,本發明提供一套鏡片,包含實質上是由一第一鏡片具有一單眼的加權視遠比dA之一平均值和一單眼的加權視近比nA、一第二鏡片具有一單眼的加權視遠比dB之一平均值和一單眼的加權視近比nB,以及一第三鏡片具有一單眼的加權視遠比dC之一平均值和一單眼的加權視近比nC組成,其中該第一、第二和第三鏡片各具有與其他鏡片彼此差異的一光焦度分佈,其中dA>dB>dC和nA<nB<nC。在一較佳實施例,該鏡片組為一三個鏡片組。
其中是從2.5至6mm瞳孔直徑之一雙眼加權視遠比的一平均Rx_add是增加屈光度至該視遠處方以提供一個人視近矯正的該附加度數;是從2.5至6mm瞳孔直徑之一雙眼加權視近比的一平均值;是約2.5至6mm瞳孔直徑和在視遠下該等鏡片之間的加權視遠比差值的一平均值;以及是約3.5至6mm瞳孔直徑和在視近下該等鏡片之間的加權視近比差值的一平均值。
該雙眼加權視遠比(“D”)為該優勢眼(“d1”)之該加權視遠比與該優勢眼(“d2”)之該加權視遠比的最大比,或D=max(d1,d2)。該加權視近比(“N”)為該優勢眼(“n1”)之該加權視近比與該優勢眼(“n2”)之該
加權視近比的最大比,或N=max(n1,n2)。本發明的目的,“優勢眼”意味由該眼科醫師所決定的眼睛,為視遠的最佳化矯正和該優勢眼是指為視近的最佳化矯正。
該等單眼加權的視遠與視近比能夠計算各眼睛不同的瞳孔大小與量測良好的度數,以滿足個別鏡片穿戴者在任何特定鏡片半徑的視遠及視近的需求。該等比同時量測良好的單一鏡片以能夠得到該配戴者預期之相對理想的球面與增加處方。該加權的視遠與視近比為具有從0至1.0的一範圍數值,其0意指對需要視遠的鏡片配戴者沒有提供益處,以及1.0意指該鏡片完全矯正該配戴者的視遠。對於旋轉對稱光焦度分佈,該單眼的視遠比可由對該鏡片半徑積分計算得到:
其中R為該瞳孔的一半徑;Rx_sphere為一球面處方屈光度,用於計算該眼之該單眼的加權比;tanh為該雙曲線正切函數;以及P(r)為該鏡片加眼睛的度數,可由下列方程式得到:P(r)=P CL +SA eye *r 2+F(II)
其中SAeye為該眼的球面像差以及較佳為0.1diopters/mm2;F為該鏡片配合度(lens fit),意指標稱(nominal)的改變,屈光度;r為該隱形眼鏡從中心的一徑向距離(radial distance);以及PCL(r)為用於該等隱形眼鏡的該徑向光焦度分配或光焦度分佈。
對於一特殊設計,該光焦度分配是假設以0.25屈光度增加之一
連續的PCL(r)。
該徑向光焦度分配或光焦度分佈,該鏡片的((PCL(r))為該鏡片在空氣的該軸向光焦度,以及能夠從該鏡片的表面形狀、厚度與折射率計算。該徑向光焦度分配能夠被量測,更精確地,由一干涉計量測該波前,從而可以計算該波前。圖1為一徑向光焦度分配的例子。所示,該水平或x軸為該鏡片從幾何中心的一徑向距離。該垂直或y軸為在各徑向位置該鏡片度數增加至該眼度數。
其中R為該瞳孔的該半徑;Rx_sphere為一球面處方屈光度,用於計算該眼之該單眼的加權比;tanh為該雙曲線正切函數;以及P(r)為該隱形眼鏡加眼睛的度數,可由方程式II得到;以及Rx_add是增加屈光度至一視遠處方以提供該個人視近矯正的一附加度數;對於非旋轉對稱光焦度分佈,該單眼的視遠比可由對該鏡片半徑積分計算得到:
其中R、Rx_sphere、tanh和P(r)如前述;以及Φ為一極化角(polar angle)。
方程式II、IV和V能夠類似地修正。
使用該雙眼加權視遠比D與雙眼加權視近比N,能夠得到最佳表現的一鏡片對,於矯正老花眼使用鏡片結合球面像差矯正,與該鏡片在優勢眼配合該處方球面度數和該非優勢眼鏡片配合該球面度數一起加上該處方增加度數。這樣D和N皆等於1.0。儘管這樣地對給能夠忍受眼睛在視遠與視近之間差異之個人提供理想的表現,對於那些無法忍受該差異的個人,必須量測該等鏡片之表現的差異。
在視遠的差異△d與在視近的差異△n能夠定義為:
△d=|d 1-d 2|
△n=|n 1-n 2|
該差異的量測與視覺舒適、立體影像及視覺偽像(visual artifacts)均有關連。
本發明的目的,藉由“一組三鏡片”並非意指照字面地僅有三個鏡片,而是相當三個子集(subsets),各個子集由複數個鏡片組成,其提供球面度數(sphere power)與增加度數(add power)超過需要的範圍。較佳地,各個子集由複數個鏡片組成,其提供球面度數超過-12.00至8.00屈光度之範圍,其增幅為0.50屈光度;以及提供增加度數超過0.75至2.50屈光度之範圍,其增幅為0.25屈光度。更佳地,一個鏡片子集提供球面度數超過-12.00至8.00屈光度之範圍,其增幅為0.50屈光度;以及提供增加度數超過0.75至1.75屈光度之範圍,其增幅為0.25屈光度。一第二鏡片子集提供球面度數超過-12.00至8.00屈光度之範圍,其增幅為0.50屈光度;以及提供增加度數超過0.75至2.50屈光度之範圍,其增幅為0.25屈光度。和一第三鏡片子集提供球面度數超過-12.00至8.00屈光度之範圍,其增幅為0.50屈光度;以及提供增加度數超過1.25至2.50屈光度之範圍,其增幅為0.25屈光度。
光焦度分佈的例子,於一鏡片從各個該等子集用於一-3.00屈光度球面處方如圖2、3和4所示。該等鏡片由這些光焦度分佈同時滿足dA>dB>dC和nA<nB<nC為例示。這些示範鏡片能夠配合在該對組合在下表1。
表1的目的,個別“A”、“B”、和“C”標示圖2、3和4的該鏡片。
在表1,該第一字母命名用在該優勢眼的該鏡片與該第二字母為該非優
勢眼之該鏡片。一“+”符號表示該非優勢眼鏡片為配合一增加的0.25屈光度度數,上述由該眼睛關懷開發者決定,如同必須用於個人的最佳的視遠矯正。
其中該鏡片的該前表面或物體側表面為一區多焦表面或一連續非球面多焦表面,以及該鏡片的該後表面或眼睛側表面為一非球面。所謂“區多焦表面”意指具有一非連續,如從一個度數區移動至另一度數區。該
非球面後表面較佳地具有大約7.20至8.10mm之一半徑,和更佳地從該幾何中心至該鏡片邊緣為7.85mm,以及一二次曲線函數-0.26。
在一更佳實施例中,該前多焦表面具有五個輻射對稱區域交替於視近矯正和視遠矯正間或視近、視遠和視中矯正間,以及具有大約7.20至8.10mm之一半徑的一非球面後表面和更佳地為7.85mm,以及一二次曲線函數-0.26。在以下表2提供更佳的數值用於該三鏡片組,A、B和C在這實施例內。
其中該前表面為一區多焦表面,其各個區域為一結合球面像差,其該視近區域的球面像差能夠從該視遠區域增加0.05至0.1diopters/mm2。或者,其中該多焦表面為一連續或非連續表面,用以視遠與視近的該球面像差能夠依照下列方程式調整:SARX=SA0+c*Rx_sphere 0.0044<c<0.0052
其中SA0為用於一Rx_sphere等於0.0屈光度之設計的該球面像差;c為介於0.0044及0.0052的一常數值和最佳地為0.0048。該鏡片的該後表面在這些實施例為較佳地具有大約7.20至8.10mm之一半徑的非球面,更佳地為7.85mm和一二次曲線常數-0.26。
STD(P E (r))<0.15for1.25<r<3
其中P(r)為該隱形眼鏡在該眼睛的度數,可由方程式II得到。
該增加的限制條件脫敏(desensitizes)該設計的視覺表現至該瞳孔大小。
在本發明的該區域設計,該第一區域或在該鏡片之該幾何中心的該圓心區域能夠和較佳地,提供視遠矯正或能夠提供視近或視中矯正的一區域。
在該鏡片對,該第一區域能夠相同或不同。同樣地,在連續、非球面多焦設計,在各個該鏡片對之中心的該矯正能夠為相同或不同,以及能夠從視遠、視中和視近矯正中選擇。
隱形眼鏡能夠根據本發明較佳地設計為軟式隱形眼鏡。軟式隱形眼鏡,較佳地用以任何材料製得、適當的製造如此的鏡片。用以形成軟性隱形眼鏡的例證材料包含(但不受限於):矽酮彈性體(silicone elastomer)、包含(但不受限於)揭示於美國專利第5,371,147號、第5,314,960號及第5,057,578號(該等文獻併入本文作為參考資料)之中的含矽酮大分子單體、水凝膠、含矽酮水凝膠及其類似物和彼等之組合。更佳地,該表面為一矽氧烷或含有一矽氧烷官能性質,包含(但不受限於)聚二甲基矽氧烷大分子單體(polydimethyl siloxane macromers)、甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基聚烷基矽氧烷(methacryloxypropyl polyalkyl siloxanes)、和此等之混合物)、矽酮水凝膠或一水凝膠(例如etafilcon A)。
一較佳的鏡片形成材料為聚甲基丙烯酸2-羥乙酯聚合物(poly 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate polymers),意指一峰值分子量為約25,000與約80,000之間和一聚合度分佈性(polydispersity)分別是在約1.5以下至約3.5以下,以及至少有一可交聯的官能基共價鍵結於其上。此一材料描述於美國專利第6,846,892號全部併入本文作為參考資料。用於形成人工水晶體的合適材料包含(但不受限於):聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate)、甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)、惰性透明塑膠、基於矽酮的聚合物、及其類似物和此等之組合。
能夠由任何習知方法來完成該鏡片形成材料的固化,包含(但不受限於)熱、照射、化學、電磁輻射固化法及其類似方法和彼等之組合。較佳地,使用紫外光或全譜可見光來模造該鏡片。更具體言之,適合用來固化鏡片材料的精確條件會取決於選定的材料和待形成的鏡片。
眼科眼鏡的聚合過程(包含但不受限於隱形眼鏡)已為眾所周知。合適過程描述於美國專利第5,540,410號全部併入本文作為參考資料。
Claims (1)
- 一種隱形眼鏡套組,包含一第一鏡片具有一單眼的加權視遠比dA之一平均值和一單眼的加權視近比nA,一第二鏡片具有一單眼的加權視遠比dB之一平均值和一單眼的加權視近比nB,以及一第三鏡片具有一單眼的加權視遠比dC之一平均值和一單眼的加權視近比nC,其中該第一、第二和第三鏡片各具有與其他鏡片彼此差異的一光焦度分佈,其中dA>dB>dC和nA<nB<nC。
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- 2009-03-31 KR KR1020157029391A patent/KR101653183B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-03-31 AU AU2009231792A patent/AU2009231792B2/en active Active
- 2009-03-31 RU RU2010144528/28A patent/RU2494425C2/ru active
- 2009-03-31 JP JP2011503099A patent/JP2011516923A/ja active Pending
- 2009-03-31 EP EP09728802.1A patent/EP2260347B1/en active Active
- 2009-03-31 AR ARP090101149A patent/AR071131A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-03-31 RU RU2013127185/28A patent/RU2559518C2/ru active
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Patent Citations (6)
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US5044742A (en) * | 1988-03-24 | 1991-09-03 | Amir Cohen | Contact lens |
WO1992022264A1 (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1992-12-23 | Allergan, Inc. | Multifocal ophthalmic lens |
JPH0651247A (ja) * | 1992-04-03 | 1994-02-25 | Adatomed Pharmazeutische & Medizintechnische Gmbh | 眼内レンズセット |
TW249844B (zh) * | 1992-12-09 | 1995-06-21 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Prod | |
EP0741314B1 (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 2005-02-02 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Concentric aspheric multifocal lens |
TW200502619A (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2005-01-16 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care | Multifocal contact lens pairs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101981489A (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
WO2009124052A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
US20090244478A1 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
TWI519842B (zh) | 2016-02-01 |
AU2009231792A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
CA2719510C (en) | 2016-07-26 |
US20100302505A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
AR071131A1 (es) | 2010-05-26 |
BRPI0909848B1 (pt) | 2019-05-07 |
RU2013127185A (ru) | 2014-12-20 |
TW201610507A (zh) | 2016-03-16 |
US8393733B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
BRPI0909848A2 (pt) | 2015-10-06 |
CA2719510A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
KR20150122261A (ko) | 2015-10-30 |
US7753521B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
RU2494425C2 (ru) | 2013-09-27 |
TW201005348A (en) | 2010-02-01 |
EP2260347A1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
KR101653183B1 (ko) | 2016-09-01 |
JP2011516923A (ja) | 2011-05-26 |
KR20100135278A (ko) | 2010-12-24 |
KR101566181B1 (ko) | 2015-11-05 |
RU2010144528A (ru) | 2012-05-10 |
CN101981489B (zh) | 2014-11-05 |
BRPI0909848B8 (pt) | 2021-07-27 |
AU2009231792B2 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
RU2559518C2 (ru) | 2015-08-10 |
EP2260347B1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
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