TWI609231B - 非晶層極紫外光微影術空白板以及用於製造該空白板的方法與微影術系統 - Google Patents
非晶層極紫外光微影術空白板以及用於製造該空白板的方法與微影術系統 Download PDFInfo
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- metal layer
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000001900 extreme ultraviolet lithography Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000005300 metallic glass Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 36
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000276 deep-ultraviolet lithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003321 CoFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001659 ion-beam spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002294 plasma sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000233 ultraviolet lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F1/00—Originals for photomechanical production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g., masks, photo-masks, reticles; Mask blanks or pellicles therefor; Containers specially adapted therefor; Preparation thereof
- G03F1/22—Masks or mask blanks for imaging by radiation of 100nm or shorter wavelength, e.g. X-ray masks, extreme ultraviolet [EUV] masks; Preparation thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
- C23C14/165—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon by cathodic sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/221—Ion beam deposition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
- C23C14/352—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering using more than one target
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/54—Controlling or regulating the coating process
- C23C14/541—Heating or cooling of the substrates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/7095—Materials, e.g. materials for housing, stage or other support having particular properties, e.g. weight, strength, conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient
- G03F7/70958—Optical materials or coatings, e.g. with particular transmittance, reflectance or anti-reflection properties
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Preparing Plates And Mask In Photomechanical Process (AREA)
- Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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Description
本申請案主張申請於2013年3月12日之美國臨時專利申請案第61/778,351號的權益,且該申請案之標的物以對其引用之方式併入本文。
本申請案含有標的物,該標的物與同時申請於2013年12月23日之申請的美國專利申請案第14/139,307號有關,且該申請案之標的物以對其引用之方式併入本文。
本申請案含有標的物,該標的物與同時申請於2013年12月23日之申請的美國專利申請案第14/139,415號有關,且該申請案之標的物以對其引用之方式併入本文。
本申請案含有標的物,該標的物與同時申請於2013年12月23日之申請的美國專利申請案第14/139,457號有關,且該申請案之標的物以對其引用之方式併入本文。
本申請案含有標的物,該標的物與同時申請於2013年12月23日之申請的美國專利申請案第14/139,507號有關,
且該申請案之標的物以對其引用之方式併入本文。
本發明大體而言係關於極紫外光微影空白板,及用於製造該等極紫外光微影空白板之方法及微影術系統。
極紫外光微影術(EUV,亦稱為軟X射線投影微影術)為替代深紫外線微影術之競爭者,用於製造0.13微米及較小、最小特徵尺寸半導體裝置。
然而,幾乎所有材料均強力吸收大體在5至40奈米波長範圍內的極紫外光。因此,極紫外光系統以反射光而非透射光方式工作。經由使用一系列鏡或透鏡元件,及反射元件或塗覆有非反射吸附劑遮罩圖案之遮罩空白板,將圖案化光化光反射到塗覆抗蝕劑之半導體晶圓上。
極紫外光微影術系統之透鏡元件及遮罩空白板塗覆有諸如鉬及矽之材料的多層反射塗層。已藉由使用塗覆有多層塗層之基板獲取每透鏡元件或遮罩空白板約65%之反射值,該多層塗層強力反射在極窄紫外光帶通(例如對於13奈米紫外光之12至14奈米帶通)內本質上單一波長的光。
在半導體處理技術中有導致問題之多種類別的缺陷。不透明缺陷通常由多層塗層頂端或遮罩圖案之顆粒(顆粒在應反射光的時候吸收該光)引起。透明缺陷通常由多層塗層頂端上之遮罩圖案中的針孔引起,在應吸收光的時候,經由該針孔反射該光。而相位缺陷通常由多層塗層下之刮痕及表面變化引起,該等刮痕及表面變化引起反射光之相變。
此等相變導致光波干涉效應,該等光波干涉效應扭曲或改變待暴露於半導體晶圓表面上之抗蝕劑中的圖案。因為必須用於小於0.13微米最小特徵尺寸之輻射波長較短,此前不顯著的刮痕及表面變化現變為無法忍受的。
儘管已在減少或除去顆粒缺陷中取得進展,且已對修復遮罩中之不透明及透明缺陷做了工作,但至今還未解決相位缺陷的問題。對於深紫外線微影術,表面經處理以維持低於60度之相變。仍有待開發用於極紫外光微影術之類似製程。
對於13奈米之光化波長,對於下層表面中深度僅為3奈米的刮痕,自該多層塗層反射之光可發生180度的相變。在較短波長的情況下,此深度將更淺。類似地,在相同波長下,比一(1)奈米上升超過一百(100)奈米趨勢更突然之表面變化可導致類似的相變。此等相變可導致半導體晶圓之表面處的相位缺陷,且此等相變不可恢復地損害該等半導體裝置。
以往,用於深紫外光微影術之遮罩空白板大體為玻璃,但是已提議將矽或超低熱膨脹材料作為用於極紫外光微影術之替代。不論該空白板為玻璃、矽還是超低熱膨脹材料,藉由化學機械研磨、磁流變加工或離子束研磨之該等製程將該遮罩空白板表面製造的儘可能光滑。有時將該製程中留下的刮痕稱為「刮挖(scratch-dig)」標記,且彼等刮痕之深度及寬度視用於研磨該遮罩空白板之研磨劑中之顆粒的尺寸而定。對於可見光及深紫外光微影術,此等刮痕太小而不至於
導致半導體晶圓上圖案中的相位缺陷。然而,對於極紫外光微影術,由於刮挖標記將表現為相位缺陷,因此刮挖標記為嚴重的問題。
由於EUV微影術需要短照明波長,所使用之圖案遮罩必須為反射遮罩,而不是當前微影術中使用的透射遮罩。反射遮罩由鉬及矽交替薄層之精確堆疊組成,該堆疊形成布拉格折射鏡或布拉格反射鏡。因為多層堆疊及小特徵尺寸之性質,沉積多層堆疊之基板表面中之任何缺陷將經放大且將影響最終產物。幾奈米的尺度的缺陷可作為可印刷之缺陷顯示在成品遮罩上,且在沉積該多層堆疊之前需要將該等缺陷從遮罩空白板之表面除去。
遮罩空白板為採用EUV微影術之關鍵問題。主要的障礙係關於遮罩空白板之缺陷度及反射比。遮罩上沉積有80層鉬(Mo)及矽(Si)交替層之布拉格反射器。此層堆疊之粗糙度很重要,且該粗糙度與所印刷之晶圓上的接線邊緣粗糙度有關。
對降低成本、改良效率及效能及滿足競爭壓力的需要為找尋解決此等問題之答案的迫切需要更增添急迫性。
儘管已長期搜尋此等問題之解決方案,但是先前發展尚未教示或建議任何解決方案,且因此,此等問題之解決方案已長久地困惑彼等熟習此項技術者。
本發明之實施例提供整合極紫外光空白板生產系統,該系統包括:真空腔室,該真空腔室用於將基板置放於
真空中;沉積系統,該沉積系統用於沉積多層堆疊,而不將基板從該真空中移除;以及處理系統,該處理系統用於處理多層堆疊上之一層,該層待沉積作為非晶金屬層。
本發明之一實施例提供用於製造極紫外光遮罩空白板之物理氣相沉積腔室,該腔室包括:靶材,該靶材包含與硼合金之鉬。
本發明之一實施例提供極紫外光微影術系統,該極紫外光微影術系統包括:極紫外光光源;鏡,該鏡用於導向來自該極紫外光光源之光;主光罩平臺,該主光罩平臺用於置放具有多層堆疊(該多層堆疊具有一非晶金屬層)之極紫外光遮罩空白板;以及晶圓平臺,該晶圓平臺用於置放一晶圓。
本發明之一實施例提供一極紫外光空白板,該極紫外光空白板包括:基板;多層堆疊,該多層堆疊具有非晶金屬層;以及封端層,該封端層位於該多層堆疊之上。
除上述彼等元件之外或代替上述彼等元件,本發明之某些實施例還具有其他元件。當參看附圖閱讀以下詳細描述時,該等步驟或元件對於彼等熟習此項技術將變得顯而顯見。
100‧‧‧整合極紫外光遮罩空白板生產系統
102‧‧‧遮罩空白板載入及運載傳送系統
104‧‧‧遮罩空白板/EUV遮罩空白板
106‧‧‧氣閘
108‧‧‧晶圓傳送真空腔室
110‧‧‧第一真空腔室
112‧‧‧第二真空腔室
114‧‧‧第一晶圓傳送系統
116‧‧‧第二晶圓傳送系統
118‧‧‧除氣系統
120‧‧‧第一物理氣相沉積系統
122‧‧‧第二物理氣相沉積系統
124‧‧‧預清洗系統
126‧‧‧第一多陰極源
128‧‧‧可流動化學氣相沉積系統
130‧‧‧固化系統
132‧‧‧第二多陰極源
134‧‧‧晶圓
136‧‧‧晶圓
200‧‧‧遮罩空白板
202‧‧‧超低熱膨脹基板/超低膨脹基板
203‧‧‧缺陷
204‧‧‧平坦化層
205‧‧‧平坦表面
206‧‧‧多層堆疊
208‧‧‧封端層
210‧‧‧吸附劑層
212‧‧‧抗反射塗層
214‧‧‧背部夾持層
300‧‧‧金屬層
302‧‧‧合金沉積
304‧‧‧氣體
400‧‧‧金屬層
404‧‧‧靜電夾盤
406‧‧‧冷卻通道
500‧‧‧光具組
502‧‧‧電漿源
504‧‧‧收集器
506‧‧‧照明器系統
508‧‧‧場刻面鏡/EUV鏡
510‧‧‧瞳孔刻面鏡
512‧‧‧主光罩
514‧‧‧投影光學件
516‧‧‧晶圓
600‧‧‧EUV微影術系統/光具組
602‧‧‧EUV光源區域
604‧‧‧主光罩平臺
606‧‧‧晶圓平臺
第1圖為整合極紫外光(EUV)遮罩生產系統。
第2圖為根據本發明之實施例之EUV遮罩空白板。
第3圖為製造之中間階段中的EUV遮罩空白板。
第4圖為製造之中間階段中的EUV遮罩空白板。
第5圖為用於EUV微影術系統之光具組。
第6圖為EUV微影術系統。
以下實施例經足夠詳細地描述,以使得彼等熟習此項技術者能夠實施且使用本發明。應瞭解,其他實施例將基於本揭示案顯而易見,且應瞭解,在不脫離本發明之範疇的情況下可作出系統、製程或機械改變。
在以下描述中,給定許多具體細節以提供對本發明之透徹理解。然而,顯而易見,可在沒有此等具體細節的情況下實施本發明。未詳細揭示一些眾所熟知的電路、系統設置及製程步驟,以避免模糊本發明。
圖示該系統之實施例的該等圖式為半圖表的且未按比例繪製,且特定言之,一些尺寸用於使演示明確,且一些尺寸在諸圖式中經誇示圖示。同樣,儘管為便於描述,該等圖式中之視圖大體顯示類似方向,但該等圖示中此描繪大部分為任意的。大體上,在任何方向上均可操作本發明。
在揭示且描述了具有一些共同特徵之多個實施例的情況下,為明確且簡化該等共同特徵之說明、描述及理解,使用相同元件符號描述類似及同樣的特徵。
為達說明之目的,如本文使用之術語「水平」經界定為與遮罩空白板之平面或表面平行(與該空白板之方向無關)之一平面。術語「垂直」代表垂直於如剛界定之水平的方向。如該等圖中所圖示,諸如「上方」、「下方」、「底部」、「頂端」、「側」(如「側壁」)、「較高」、「較
低」、「上部」、「在……之上」及「在……之下」之術語係相對於該水平平面界定的。術語「上」指示元件之間存在直接接觸。
如本文所使用的術語「處理」包括形成所描述之結構所需的材料或光阻劑的沉積、圖案化、曝光、顯影、蝕刻、清洗及/或移除材料或光阻劑。
本發明之實施例使用藉由CVD、PVD、ALD及可流動CVD沉積矽、氧化矽及具有相容熱膨脹係數之相關層的多種成熟技術,以填充孔及遮蓋缺陷。一經沉積,層之表面可能為足夠光滑的及平坦的,以用於進一步多層堆疊沉積,或可能隨後使用多種成熟平滑或拋光技術(包括CMP、退火或離子束研磨)進一步平滑化該層之表面。
現參看第1圖,該圖中圖示整合極紫外光(EUV)遮罩空白板生產系統100。整合EUV遮罩空白板生產系統100包括遮罩空白板載入及運載傳送系統102,遮罩空白板104經載入進入該系統102中。氣閘106提供進入晶圓傳送真空腔室108的通道。在圖示之實施例中,晶圓傳送真空腔室108含有兩個真空腔室:第一真空腔室110及第二真空腔室112。第一真空腔室110內為第一晶圓傳送系統114,且在第二真空腔室112內為第二晶圓傳送系統116。
晶圓傳送真空腔室108具有圍繞腔室108周邊之複數個埠,該等複數個埠用於附接多種其他系統。第一真空腔室110具有除氣系統118、第一物理氣相沉積系統120、第二物理氣相沉積系統122及預清洗系統124。
第二真空腔室112可具有連接至腔室112之多種處理系統,該等處理系統諸如第一多陰極源126、可流動化學氣相沉積(FCVD)系統128、固化系統130及第二多陰極源132。
第一晶圓傳送系統114能夠使晶圓(諸如晶圓134)在氣閘106及圍繞第一真空腔室110之周邊的多種系統之間移動,且使該等晶圓移動穿過連續真空中之狹縫閥門。第二晶圓傳送系統116能夠使晶圓(諸如晶圓136)圍繞第二真空腔室112移動,同時將晶圓維持在連續真空中。
現參看第2圖,該圖中圖示根據本發明之實施例之EUV遮罩空白板200。EUV遮罩空白板200具有玻璃、矽或其他超低熱膨脹材料之超低熱膨脹基板202。超低熱膨脹材料包括熔融氧化矽、熔融石英、氟化鈣、碳化矽、氧化矽-氧化鈦合金或其他材料(該材料之熱膨脹係數在此等材料之熱膨脹係數範圍之內)。
超低膨脹基板202之頂表面具有缺陷203(諸如孔、刮痕及顆粒),缺陷203由使用研磨劑之化學機械研磨(CMP)引起。有時將該製程中留下之刮痕稱為「孔」及/或「刮挖」標記,且彼等刮痕之深度及寬度視用於研磨該EUV遮罩空白板200之研磨劑中之顆粒的尺寸而定。
已發現,EUV遮罩空白板200中之缺陷可藉由沉積平坦化層204除去。藉由沉積可流動CVD薄膜或用CVD、PVD或類似製程沉積矽、氧化矽或相關薄膜,可在超低膨脹基板202之上形成平坦化層204或可流動薄膜。此步驟遮蓋了位於超低膨脹基板202上之顆粒及其他缺陷。
在可流動CVD薄膜之情況下,可能不要求進一步處理,以在超低膨脹基板202之上達成可接受的光滑、平坦表面205。對於矽、氧化矽或相關薄膜,可能需要沉積後的平滑化。此平滑化可藉由多種拋光方法(包括但不限於CMP、化學拋光、離子束研磨或退火)完成。若需要進一步平滑化,則此等平滑化技術亦可應用於可流動的CVD薄膜。
多層堆疊206在平坦化層204之上形成,以形成一布拉格反射體。由於光學件之透射性質及用於EUV之照明波長,使用反射光學件,且多層堆疊206可由高Z及低Z材料(諸如鉭及矽)之交替層(該等交替層形成一反射體)組成。
封端層208在多層堆疊206之上形成。封端層可為諸如釕(Ru)或釕的非氧化化合物之材料,以幫助保護多層堆疊206免受氧化及任何化學蝕刻劑(在遮罩處理期間EUV遮罩空白板200可曝露於該化學蝕刻劑)蝕刻。封端層208中亦可使用其他材料,諸如氮化鈦、碳化硼、氮化矽、氧化釕及碳化矽。
吸附劑層210置放於封端層208之上。吸附劑層210為對特定頻率之EUV光(約13.5nm)具有高吸收係數之材料,且可為諸如鉻、鉭或以上兩者之氮化物之材料。
抗反射塗層(ARC)212沉積於吸附劑層210之上。ARC 212可為一材料,諸如氮氧化鉭或氧化硼鉭。
背部夾持層214形成於超低膨脹基板202之後表面之上,以用於將基板夾持於靜電夾盤(未圖示)上,或用靜電夾盤(未圖示)夾持基板。
現參看第3圖,該圖中圖示製造之中間階段中的EUV遮罩空白板200。
在沉積多層堆疊206期間,金屬層300可為合金。已發現,合金沉積302可防止將金屬層300沉積為多晶層。相反,可將金屬層300維持為非晶金屬層300。
例如,合金沉積302可在第1圖之第二真空腔室112中執行,在該腔室112中,第一多陰極源126為硼合金鉬靶材,且第二多陰極源132為矽靶材。第一多陰極源126及第二多陰極源132可相對於經調適以接收基板202之可旋轉基架成角度。硼合金將鉬維持在非晶狀態。藉由將金屬層300維持在非晶相,多層堆疊206之總粗糙度經改良比不具有非晶狀態之鉬具有更好的EUV反射率(具有較少的反光)。
在一替代方法中,已發現可將氣體304(諸如氮氣)添加至濺射氣體,以破壞沉積之鉬的結構,以亦在金屬層300中形成非晶相。
現參看第4圖,該圖中圖示製造之中間階段中的EUV遮罩空白板200。EUV遮罩空白板200固持在在處理系統中,該處理系統諸如具有冷卻通道406之靜電夾盤404。靜電夾盤404為可旋轉基架,該可旋轉基架可經調適以接收基板202。
離子束、電漿或磁電管濺射工具132用於在基板之上沉積多層堆疊。矽層作為非晶層沉積,而鉬層為多晶層。此形態導致鉬層較高的表面粗糙度,該粗糙度隨後傳播穿過堆疊。為完成所需的薄膜堆疊光滑度,有時採用離子束研磨
以減少粗糙度。此為不滿足生產力要求之繁瑣的製程流程。
磁性隨機存取記憶體(MRAM)中已顯示B合金可防止CoFe層沉積為多晶層。B合金層亦顯示較低的粗糙度。
已發現,藉由使用合金鉬靶材可將同一概念應用至鉬沉積。藉由在鉬層中維持非晶相,多層堆疊之總粗糙度經改良且導致具有較少閃光之更好的EUV反射率。該等合金材料之實例為硼及碳。另一可能性為將少量的氮添加至濺射氣體,以破壞沉積之鉬的結構。
已發現另一技術,該技術可經採用以抑制鉬層中之晶粒生長,該技術為冷卻該基板至較低溫度。此舉可藉由在沉積之前預冷卻該基板及在沉積製程期間使用水或氣體冷卻主動地冷卻基板達成。
藉由在鉬層中維持非晶相,多層堆疊之總粗糙度經改良且導致具有較少閃光之更好的EUV反射率。該合金之一實例為硼。另一可能性為將少量的氮添加至濺射氣體,以破壞沉積之鉬層之上的結構。
可經採用以抑制鉬層中之晶粒生長之另一技術為冷卻該基板至較低溫度。此舉可藉由在沉積之前預冷卻該基板及在沉積製程期間主動地冷卻基板達成。
所得方法及系統為簡單的、成本有效的、不複雜的、高度通用且有效的,藉由調適已知技術可驚人地且不明顯地實施該方法及系統,且因此該方法及系統易於適用於有效地且經濟地製造EUV遮罩空白板。
此方法之優勢在於此方法為基板獨立的,且因此該
方法可用於多種基板及基板品質上。使用玻璃基板是潛在有可能的,該玻璃基板具有EUV空白板所要求的性質,但在拋光後不具有原子級平坦、光滑之表面。此獨立性使得使用不同基板供應商成為可能,且將基板製備所預想不到之變化及供應商之拋光的影響降至最低。
本發明之實施例為EUV遮罩空白板提供原子級平坦、低缺陷、光滑的表面。然而,本發明之實施例亦可用於製造其他類型之空白板,諸如鏡。在一玻璃基板上,本發明之實施例可用於形成EUV鏡。另外,本發明之實施例可應用於其他原子級平坦、低缺陷、光滑的表面結構,該表面結構用於UV、DUV、電子束、可視光、紅外線、離子束、X射線及其他類型之半導體微影術中。本發明之實施例亦可用於多種尺寸結構中,該等尺寸結構可在從晶圓尺度至元件位準且甚至至更大面積顯示及太陽能應用之範圍。
本發明之另一重要態樣為本發明有益地支援且服務於降低成本、簡化系統及增加效能之歷史趨勢。
因此,本發明之此等及其他有益的態樣促進此項技術當前水平進化至至少下一水平。
已發現,在沉積多層堆疊206期間,可藉由冷卻超低膨脹基板202在金屬層400中形成非晶相。多層堆疊206之冷卻抑制鉬層中之晶粒生長。藉由預冷卻超低膨脹基板202及在沉積製程期間使用水主動冷卻超低膨脹基板202來抑制晶粒生長。
現參看第5圖,該圖中圖示用於EUV微影術系統之
光具組500。光具組500具有用於形成EUV光且將該EUV光收集在收集器504中之電漿源502。收集器504將光提供至場刻面鏡508,該場刻面鏡508為照明器系統506之一部分,該照明器系統506進一步包括瞳孔刻面鏡510。照明器系統506將EUV光提供至主光罩512(該主光罩為第1圖之遮罩空白板104的完全處理版本),該主光罩512反射EUV光穿過投影光學件514且將EUV光反射至晶圓516上。
現參看第6圖,該圖中圖示EUV微影術系統600。EUV微影術系統600包括EUV光源區域602、主光罩平臺604及作為光具組600之附件的晶圓平臺606。主光罩平臺604支撐第5圖之主光罩512,該主光罩512為第1圖之遮罩空白板104的完全處理版本。
已發現,EUV鏡508及EUV遮罩空白板104允許EUV微影術系統600克服在晶粒及晶圓上生產超小型積體電路所面對之許多障礙。
儘管已結合特定最佳模式描述本發明,但應瞭解,熟習此項技術者根據上述描述將顯而易見許多替代、修改及變化。因此,本文意欲包含在所包括的申請專利範圍內所有該等替代、修改及變化。以上本文中闡述或附圖中所示之全部標的物應以說明性而非限制意義闡明。
100‧‧‧整合極紫外光遮罩空白板生產系統
102‧‧‧遮罩空白板載入及運載傳送系統
104‧‧‧遮罩空白板/EUV遮罩空白板
106‧‧‧氣閘
108‧‧‧晶圓傳送真空腔室
110‧‧‧第一真空腔室
112‧‧‧第二真空腔室
114‧‧‧第一晶圓傳送系統
116‧‧‧第二晶圓傳送系統
118‧‧‧除氣系統
120‧‧‧第一物理氣相沉積系統
122‧‧‧第二物理氣相沉積系統
124‧‧‧預清洗系統
126‧‧‧第一多陰極源
128‧‧‧可流動化學氣相沉積系統
130‧‧‧固化系統
132‧‧‧第二多陰極源
134‧‧‧晶圓
136‧‧‧晶圓
Claims (28)
- 一種整合極紫外光(EUV)空白板生產系統,該系統包含:一真空腔室,該真空腔室用於將一基板置放於一真空中;一第一沉積系統,該第一沉積系統用於沉積一多層堆疊而不將該基板從該真空移除,該多層堆疊反射EUV;一處理系統,該處理系統用於處理該多層堆疊上之一層,該層待沉積作為一非晶金屬層;以及一第二沉積系統,該第二沉積系統用於沉積額外層以形成一EUV遮罩空白板,該等額外層包含一封端層及位於該封端層之上的一吸附劑層。
- 如請求項1所述之系統,其中該處理系統包括該非晶金屬層之一合金沉積。
- 如請求項1所述之系統,其中該處理系統提供一氣體,以破壞該非晶金屬層之一晶態結構。
- 如請求項1所述之系統,其中該處理系統冷卻該多層堆疊,以抑制該非晶金屬層之晶粒生長。
- 如請求項1所述之系統,其中該沉積系統包括用於濺射該多層堆疊之一磁電管。
- 如請求項1所述之系統,該系統進一步包含一第三沉積系統,該第三沉積系統用於沉積額外層以形成一EUV鏡。
- 一種極紫外光(EUV)空白板,該極紫外光空白板包含:一基板;一多層堆疊,該多層堆疊具有位於該基板之上的一非晶金屬層,該多層堆疊反射EUV;一封端層,該封端層位於該多層堆疊之上;以及吸收EUV的一吸附劑層,該吸附劑層位於該封端層之上。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該非晶金屬層為一合金非晶金屬層。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該非晶金屬層與硼、氮或碳合金。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該非晶金屬層為非晶鉬。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該非晶金屬層具有一破壞的晶態結構。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該非晶金屬層已抑制晶粒生長。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該多層堆疊形成一EUV遮罩空白板。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該多層堆疊形成一EUV鏡。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該基板為一超低熱膨脹材料。
- 如請求項7所述之空白板,其中該基板為一玻璃。
- 一種製造一極紫外光(EUV)空白板之方法,該方法包含以下步驟:提供一基板;在該基板之上形成具有一非晶金屬層之一多層堆疊,該多層堆疊經形成為反射EUV;在該多層堆疊之上形成一封端層;以及在該封端層之上形成一吸附劑層,該吸附劑層用於吸收EUV。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成具有該非晶金屬層之該多層堆疊之步驟形成一合金非晶金屬層。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成具有該非晶金屬層之該多層堆疊之步驟藉由使用一合金濺射該金屬來沉積該非晶金屬層。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成具有該非晶金屬層之該多層堆疊之步驟藉由在冷卻該基板之同時濺射來沉積該非晶金屬層。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成具有該非晶金屬層之該多層堆疊之步驟形成與硼、氮或碳合金之該非晶金屬層。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成具有該非晶金屬層之該多層堆疊之步驟形成非晶鉬之該非晶金屬層。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成具有該非晶金屬層之該多層堆疊之步驟形成一破壞晶態結構之該非晶金屬層。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成具有該非晶金屬層之該多層堆疊之步驟形成已抑制晶粒生長之該非晶金屬層。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成該多層堆疊之步驟形成一EUV遮罩空白板。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中形成該多層堆疊之步驟形成一EUV鏡。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中提供該基板之步驟提供一超低熱膨脹材料之一基板。
- 如請求項17所述之方法,其中提供該基板之步驟提供一玻璃基板。
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2013
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2014
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- 2014-03-12 WO PCT/US2014/025116 patent/WO2014165298A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-12 JP JP2016501750A patent/JP6599846B2/ja active Active
- 2014-03-12 SG SG10201707331UA patent/SG10201707331UA/en unknown
- 2014-03-12 SG SG11201506468PA patent/SG11201506468PA/en unknown
- 2014-03-12 KR KR1020157027662A patent/KR102207245B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-03-12 CN CN201480010492.0A patent/CN105009255B/zh active Active
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2017
- 2017-02-28 US US15/444,864 patent/US20170168383A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US9612521B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
SG11201506468PA (en) | 2015-09-29 |
CN105009255B (zh) | 2017-11-03 |
JP2016519329A (ja) | 2016-06-30 |
CN105009255A (zh) | 2015-10-28 |
TW201447471A (zh) | 2014-12-16 |
US20170168383A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
JP6599846B2 (ja) | 2019-10-30 |
WO2014165298A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
SG10201707331UA (en) | 2017-10-30 |
KR20150130371A (ko) | 2015-11-23 |
US20140268081A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
KR102207245B1 (ko) | 2021-01-25 |
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