TWI552779B - 血管內導管及出入口之清潔方法 - Google Patents

血管內導管及出入口之清潔方法 Download PDF

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TWI552779B
TWI552779B TW096117826A TW96117826A TWI552779B TW I552779 B TWI552779 B TW I552779B TW 096117826 A TW096117826 A TW 096117826A TW 96117826 A TW96117826 A TW 96117826A TW I552779 B TWI552779 B TW I552779B
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坦尼肯 派崔克O
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Description

血管內導管及出入口之清潔方法
本發明係關於血管內出入口進入裝置、血管內出入口清潔裝置、清潔血管內出入口之方法、投劑至血管內導管出入口中之方法、自個體取得血液樣本之方法及血管內導管出入口蓋之集合。
諸如周邊IV導管及中央IV導管之靜脈內導管乃為用於將藥物、營養液、血液製劑或其他物質投予至靜脈中之通用靜脈內進入方法。在(例如)冠狀動脈的特別或緊急護理期間藉由動脈血液取樣來監視生理參數之過程中使用動脈導管。然而,由於患者本身的內生細菌群或自受污染設備或其他環境污染源引入之微生物的結果,可能發生微生物血管內裝置之移生或感染。結果,可能發生局部或系統感染或敗血症,且可能威脅生命。
在處理導液管、軟管(hub)、相關聯管路、設備或注射出入口期間(尤其是在操縱準備中之導管期間及在開始將流體投予至導管中,或自導管抽取液體期間),可能引發或促成將微生物引入至靜脈內導管。在投劑期間,在注射出入口之表面上存在的微生物可經由出入口而引入。在用於投劑之受污染設備上存在的微生物可經由出入口而引入,從而導致移生或感染。在出入口或導液管中之細菌生長及/或聚集可能充當用於使出入口或導液管凝塊、栓塞及/或閉塞之病巢。經由出入口之進一步操縱或投劑可能促成微生物在出入口、導液管及導管內之散布,且最終進入患者之靜脈/動脈及/或周圍組織。因此,開發用於清潔血管內進入出入口之外部表面及/或內部出入口區域以降低移生及感染風險的方法及裝置將係有利的。
可與血管內導管、導液管或進入出入口相關聯而發生之另一併發症為由於血液返回而形成凝塊。初始形成凝塊可能延伸及/或碎塞至心臟之上腔靜脈及/或右心房及/或右心室中,且隨後進入循環至肺之肺部系統。開發用以經由血管內出入口傳遞凝塊溶解劑或凝塊抑制劑,以便將與血管內出入口相關聯之凝塊予以最小化或消除的方法及裝置將係有利的。
可能與血管內導管相關聯之又一問題為在導管或出入口內之脂質累積或堆積。開發用以經由血管內出入口傳遞解脂劑,以便將與出入口相關聯之脂質堆積予以最小化或消除的方法及裝置將係有利的。
在一態樣中,本發明係關於一種血管內出入口進入裝置。該裝置包括一第一組件,該第一組件具有一腔室,且經組態以逆向地附接至一血管內導管出入口。第二組件逆向地附接至該第一組件,且含有消毒劑及塗藥器材料,該塗藥器材料係選自由聚乙烯毛氈海綿、聚乙烯發泡體海綿、塑料發泡體海綿及矽發泡體海綿組成之群。該第二組件經組態以逆向地收納於該靜脈內導管出入口之外部表面上方。
在一態樣中,本發明包含一血管內導管出入口清潔器,其包括一噴射器筒,該噴射器筒具有第一末端及第二末端。一可滑動活塞穿過該第二末端而被收納於該筒中。該導管出入口清潔器包括:一第一蓋,其含有淨化劑;及一第二蓋,其含有殺菌劑。
在一態樣中,本發明包含一種淨化靜脈內導管出入口之方法。該方法包括提供一出入口清潔裝置,其包含一第一組件,該第一組件具有一具有第一清潔劑之腔室。一第二組件包括第二清潔劑。一第三組件具有殺菌劑,且逆向地附接至該第一組件。該方法包括:自該裝置移除第二組件,使該出入口之外部表面與該第二清潔劑接觸,將該第一清潔劑自該腔室注射至該出入口中,自該裝置移除該第三組件,及以該第三組件封蓋該出入口。
在一態樣中,本發明包含一種自一個體取得一血液樣本之方法。該方法包括提供一出入口進入裝置,其具有:一第一組件,其包括一腔室;一第二組件,其含有清潔劑;及一第三組件,其包含殺菌劑。該第三組件逆向地附接至該第一組件。該方法包括:自該裝置移除該第二組件;及使該出入口之外部表面與該清潔劑接觸。該方法進一步包括:將血液自該個體經由該出入口抽取至該第一組件之該腔室中;自該裝置移除該第三組件;及以該第三組件封蓋該出入口。
在一態樣中,本發明包括一組血管內導管出入口蓋。該組蓋包括一第一出入口蓋,其含有第一劑及第一塗藥器材料。該組另外包括一第二出入口蓋,其含有第二劑及第二塗藥器材料。
大體而言,本發明包括用於清潔及/或進入血管內導管出入口之裝置及方法。在特定應用中,本發明之裝置可用於清潔血管內導管出入口之外部表面接著清潔出入口本身,且在特定示例中,用於清潔血管內導管。
在其他應用中,本發明之裝置可用於血管內投劑。在此等應用期間,根據本發明之裝置可通常用於在利用該裝置進行血管內投劑之前淨化出入口的外部表面。在另一應用中,本發明之裝置可用於自個體取得血液樣本。根據本發明之裝置通常用於在利用該裝置自出入口抽取血液樣本之前淨化出入口的外部表面。本發明亦包括用於該等出入口淨化劑投劑及血液採樣技術之方法。
在一實施例中,裝置包含兩個組件。參看圖1至圖5描述一實例兩組件裝置。
最初參看圖1,一出入口進入裝置10包含:一第一組件12,其在該裝置之第一末端14處;及一第二組件16,其在該裝置之第二末端18處。第二組件16可具有一凸舌20或其他延伸特徵,以輔助該第二組件自該第一組件之移除。第一組件12具有一腔室外殼22,其可為一可卸外殼。第一組件12亦可包含一延伸部分24。參看圖2,所繪示之裝置10可具有第二部分16,該第二部分16可插入於連接器部分24內。然而,應瞭解,本發明涵蓋第二部分16配合於延伸部分24上方或封蓋延伸部分24之其他組態。亦應瞭解,可卸外殼22之形狀及尺寸僅為實例,可涵蓋替代形狀、大小及組態。
參看圖3,其展示在圖1及圖2中繪示之裝置的分解圖。如圖所示,裝置10之腔室外殼22可收容一腔室23。連接器24可包含一分離器25,該分離器25具有一穿過其之開口29。連接器24可另外包含一收納出入口30,其用於收納一施配器26。施配器26又可包含一閥部分28。第二組件16可包含一容器21。
接著參看圖4,其展示具有置於收納出入口30內之閥28的施配器26。如圖中所繪示,該閥機構係處於"閉合"位置,在該位置,阻止腔室23中之物質進入或穿過連接器24。接著參看圖5,如圖所示,在可卸外殼22上施加力(諸如在外殼之頂部表面上的向下壓力)可用於使閥裝置28自收納出入口30移位。該移位可允許腔室23中之物質進入或穿過連接器部分24。
如圖4中所繪示,第二組件16可含有一塗藥器材料32。該塗藥器材料可為(例如)一海綿或海綿型材料。例示性海綿型材料可包括(但不限於)聚乙烯毛氈海綿、聚乙烯發泡體海綿、塑料發泡體海綿及矽發泡體海綿。
在裝置10將用於出入口淨化應用之情況下,第二組件16之容器21通常含有淨化劑。該淨化劑可為用於淨化外部出入口表面之消毒劑。該劑並不限於一特定清潔劑或消毒劑,且可包含(例如)較佳含於包含約5%至約99%之酒精之酒精溶液中的酒精。在特定應用中,酒精溶液包含25%至90%之酒精。海綿型塗藥器材料可用於輔助含有淨化劑,且可另外輔助將該劑塗覆至血管內出入口之外部表面。第二組件16可移除地附接至裝置10。為淨化出入口,將可移除組件16自第一組件12移除,且用於接觸外部出入口表面,以淨化血管內導管出入口之外部部分。
在淨化出入口之外部部分之後,可將裝置之第一組件(在淨化/消毒應用中可用於血管內出入口之內部淨化)逆向地附接至待淨化之出入口。腔室容積可為(例如)高達3.5 ml;較佳容積範圍可為約1 ml至約3 ml,但可涵蓋用於較小或較大容積之替代腔室大小。腔室可具有相對於腔室之總容積的合適刻度標誌。舉例而言,3.5 ml之流體容積腔室每隔1 ml、每隔0.5 ml、每隔0.1 ml等可具有容積標誌。在特定實施例中,連接器部分可具有用於連接至LEUR-LOK型出入口之LEUR-LOK(Becton,Dickinson and Company Corp.,Franklin Lakes NJ)配件(未圖示)。淨化劑可提供於腔室23中,且可為抗生素或替代之合適消毒劑。例示性劑可為酒精或酒精溶液(諸如上文關於第二組件容器21所描述之酒精溶液)。在淨化應用中,腔室23可替代地或額外地含有化學劑,其包括乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)及/或檸檬酸鈉。
一旦連接至導管出入口,則可藉由對外殼(例如)擠壓、夾緊或向內推來將外部壓力施加至可卸外殼22以使施配器26移位,藉此使閥28自收納出入口30打開或移位。持續之擠壓或外力可用於將腔室23中之物質逐出或排出穿過連接器24且進入所連接之出入口中。視腔室23之容積而定,所注射之淨化溶液可延伸至血管內導管自身中。在逐出腔室23中之物質後,可自出入口移除裝置組件12,以允許投予待在(例如)血管內傳遞之流體。若在淨化後並不立即進行該傳遞,則可在出入口上保持淨化裝置之組件12,直至血管內傳遞所要之時間為止。
在另一態樣中,上述裝置及方法可用於投予抗凝塊劑,以最小化或防止與血管內相關聯之凝塊形成,或溶解現存凝塊。在此態樣中,替代抗菌劑或除抗菌劑之外,腔室23可含有合適抗凝劑或凝塊溶解劑。可利用之例示性抗凝塊劑包括(但不限於)諸如EDTA、檸檬酸鈉、肝素及肝素衍生物之抗凝劑,及諸如組織血纖維蛋白溶酶原活化劑之抗溶血栓劑。在脂質累積出現問題之情況下,可單獨地或與抗菌劑及/或抗凝塊劑組合地投予合適分散劑或解脂劑。可以類似於上文關於淨化劑所描述之方式達成任何該等劑之注射。此等應用亦可利用下文所說明及描述之實施例而實現。
參看圖6至圖11說明且描述根據本發明之裝置的一替代實施例。參看圖6,其說明一替代實例出入口進入裝置40,其具有一類似噴射器之第一組件42及一第二組件44。參看圖7,類似噴射器之第一組件42包括一柱塞46。在圖8中繪示出入口進入裝置之分解圖。第一組件42包括一類似噴射器筒之外殼48,外殼48具有一第一末端50及一第二末端52,該第二末端52具有一內部腔室54。腔室54可較佳具有1ml至約3.5ml之流體容積。外殼48可具有如上文關於較早實施例所描述之合適刻度標誌。
柱塞46可包括一桿部56,其具有一密封件57。可將柱塞46可插入於外殼48之第二末端52中。一第二密封件59可與柱塞之較大直徑本體相關聯。較佳存在密封件59,以在柱塞與裝置腔室之內部表面之間形成密封。密封件59可較佳為經過度模鑄至活塞(其可較佳為經模鑄之硬塑料材料)上之彈性密封件。然而,本發明涵蓋替代密封材料及非過度模鑄技術之使用。
密封件57可為一單個密封件或一組密封件,且可為(例如)兩個o形環之集合、一單個較寬過度模鑄彈性o形環或套筒,抑或與活塞桿整體模鑄之硬塑料密封件。密封件57之存在可有利地抑制或防止非吾人所樂見或無意之流體至裝置腔室中的回流,藉此降低污染裝置及/或其物質的風險。或者,關於所繪示之組態,一單個密封件可經過度模鑄以具有:基底部分,其形成在裝置腔室之內壁與活塞之較大直徑部分之間的密封;及套筒部分,其覆蓋活塞之較小直徑部分的壁(未圖示)。
第二組件44為一可移除蓋部分,其具有一外殼60及一內部容器62。容器62可含有一塗藥器材料64。該塗藥器材料可為(例如)上文關於較早實施例所論述之彼等材料中的任一材料。第二組件44可額外含有一淨化劑(諸如上文論述之彼等淨化劑)。第二組件44較佳可經組態以配合於血管內出入口上方或其上,使得可將淨化劑塗覆至出入口之外部表面。該清潔較佳可在將腔室54中之物質(舉例而言,抗凝塊劑、抗菌劑或其他淨化劑)投予至出入口中之前進行。然而,本發明涵蓋利用可移除蓋部分而在投劑後對出入口淨化。
接著參看圖9,其展示處於完整組態之實施裝置40的橫截面圖。為加以利用,可移除第二組件44並將其用於淨化出入口之外部表面。隨後,可將第二組件之第一末端50附接至出入口,且藉由對柱塞46施加力而將腔室54中之物質投予至出入口中。或者,可提供空的腔室54,或可提供含有(例如)抗凝劑之腔室54,且裝置40可具備處於正向位置之柱塞46。因此,裝置40可用於諸如以下之應用:藉由將裝置之第一末端50附接至出入口而自個體取得及/或測試血液樣本,及重定位柱塞46以將液體經由出入口抽取至腔室54中。
參看圖10,其說明用於傳遞、儲存及/或安置進入裝置40之組件的封裝70。該封裝包括一罩蓋72及一托盤部分74。托盤部分74具有一空腔76,該空腔76具有模鑄之固持器78,固持器78用於定位/固持裝置,及輔助維持裝置之完整性及柱塞關於裝置腔室之適當定位。該封裝可被密封,且可用於對裝置40提供無菌環境。如圖11中所展示,個別封裝單元70之一系列71可具備經個別密封之單元,以允許單元之個別移除,同時維持該系列中額外單元之無菌性。
參看圖12至圖13描述另一替代實施例。在此實施例中,第一組件42a與前一實施例相同。然而,參看圖12,第二組件44a包含一"雙蓋"系統。蓋外殼60a包括容器部分62及一第二蓋延伸65,該第二蓋延伸65收容一第二容器66。容器62可含有塗藥器材料64(諸如上述類似海綿之材料)。類似地,容器66亦可含有海綿或其他塗藥器材料67。容器62可另外含有淨化劑(諸如上述彼等淨化劑)。
容器66可較佳含有一或多種殺菌劑,其組合物與在淨化蓋62中含有之清潔溶液不同。在蓋部分65內之實例劑組合物可包括約3%至約11%之H2 O2 。劑之額外組份可包括(例如)乙醇(約30%至約40%)、檸檬酸鈉(約1%至約4%)、EDTA及/或過氧乙酸(小於或等於約11%)。較佳地,pH值將在5與10之間,且可基於生理pH值及殺菌活性而視需要以NaOH或其他合適鹼/酸將pH值調整至約ph 7.4。EDTA之存在可藉由配位Mn來提供抗(例如)細菌孢子之殺孢活性,且可額外有助於安定化H2 O2 。在與溶液中的H2 O2 組合時,可達成協同效應及/或累加效應。本發明涵蓋使用關於彼等所指示物質之替代螯合劑及pH值穩定劑。
應注意,在某些示例中,可在第一容器62內包括具有較低過氧化物含量之類似溶液,且在特定示例中,可在第一組件之腔室內存在具有較低過氧化物含量之類似溶液。
參看圖13,其展示在使用之前的完整裝置。在出入口淨化應用中,自裝置移除第二組件44a,且部分60a用於覆蓋出入口,藉此使該出入口與容器62內之物質接觸。塗藥器材料64可輔助將清潔劑塗覆至外部出入口表面。當將投予腔室54中之物質時,自該出入口移除組件44a,且將第一組件附接至該出入口。壓低柱塞46,藉此將腔室54中之物質注射至該出入口中。接著自該出入口移除噴射器組件。可接著自第二蓋部分65移除一可移除密封件68。可將蓋部分65置放於該出入口上方,使得容器66中之物質接觸該出入口。接著可自該出入口移除第二組件44,或可在該出入口上固持第二組件44,直至需要進一步之出入口進入或操縱為止。
參看圖14,其展示一替代實施例,在該替代實施例中,出入口進入裝置40b包含一第一組件42b、一第二組件44b及一第三組件45b,其中第二組件44b及第三組件45b為可單獨移除之蓋。如圖所示,該等蓋最初被安置在裝置之相對端處且大小不同。然而,本發明亦涵蓋在裝置上之蓋的替代性相對大小及定位。舉例而言,可將第二組件44b及第三組件45b安置於腔室外殼48b之翼形延伸51、53之頂側或底側上。
對所說明之實例組態而言,可自裝置移除較大蓋(第二組件44b),且可將該較大蓋以類似於上文描述之方式的方式用於外部出入口清潔。可在投予腔室物質之後自裝置移除第二較小蓋(第三組件45b),且該較小蓋可隨後用作出入口蓋以保護出入口,直至需要隨後出入口進入為止(如上文所述)。第三組件45b視情況可含有塗藥器材料82及/或淨化劑或殺菌劑(如上文所述)。
替代兩蓋組態包括一裝置,其具有一在一較小內部蓋之外部的較大蓋,可自第二蓋移除第一蓋,其中該第一蓋及該第二蓋中之一者經組態以用作出入口蓋。
在圖14中展示之裝置中,第二組件44b之蓋外殼60b及第三組件45b之蓋外殼80可具有不同顏色。如此,蓋可為顏色標記(或以其他方式標記)的,以告知使用者或其他人員出入口或血管內導管之狀態。舉例而言,在使用裝置之後,可在固持於出入口上之蓋外殼80的全部或一部分上利用諸如綠色之第一顏色來表示適當滅菌的出入口。蓋外殼60b可為表示正進行之淨化或其他程序尚未完成的第二顏色(例如,黃色或紅色)。因此,該等蓋可用作增加之安全措施,以幫助確保適當使用,且輔助維持無菌性及合適記錄保持。舉例而言,蓋可允許視覺監視,且可藉由醫院藥房及/或中央監察軟體而追蹤。
除了對適當清潔及維持無菌性之合規性的視覺監察之外,與裝置相關聯之條碼、射頻識別(RFID)及/或其他藥房或目錄控制系統可用於提供獨立之監察/合規性系統。
接著參看圖15,其繪示一根據本發明之額外替代實施例,該額外替代實施例可利用習知類型噴射器及柱塞設計且可利用蓋。因此,第一組件42c包含一噴射器外殼48c且可在第一末端50處具有一LEUR-LOK配件。柱塞46c可具有一習知類型活塞密封件57c,其經組態以插入至外殼48c之第二末端52內,且與腔室54c之壁形成一密封。第二組件44c可包含一外殼60c,其可(例如)具有一內部收納出入口,該內部收納出入口相對於LEUR-LOK配件而配合於內部,或在第一組件外殼48c之第一末端50處配合於LEUR-LOK配件上方且覆蓋該配件。第三組件45c亦可具有外殼80c,該外殼80c經組態使得其包含一內部收納出入口,該內部收納出入口基於被淨化之出入口的類型而相對於LEUR-LOK配件配合於內部,或配合於LEUR-LOK配件上方且覆蓋該配件(或其可具有替代類型配件)。
在圖16中說明在圖15中展示之裝置的橫截面圖。其展示用於覆蓋LEUR-LOK型配件之例示性類型的蓋外殼。舉例而言,第三組件45c具有外殼80c,該外殼80c包含在內部配合於LEUR-LOK型配件內之該外殼的一部分,藉此封蓋該配件。相比較而言,第二組件44c具有外殼60c,該外殼60c經車螺紋以擰至LEUR-LOK型配件上。應瞭解,該繪示僅為達成說明性目的,且蓋中之任一者或兩者可具有螺紋組態或在組態中之咬合。蓋外殼60c及80c可進一步為顏色標記的(如上文所述)。
本發明亦涵蓋安置於出入口清潔器裝置(未展示)之遠端(非投劑端)處的雙蓋系統。在此雙蓋系統中,第一"綠色"蓋逆向地接合至裝置,且亦相對於第二"黃色"蓋成背對面地堆疊關係。該兩個蓋中之每一者可為(例如)LEUR-LOK型配合蓋、摩擦配合蓋等。綠色蓋可含有上述殺菌組合物。由於在此組態中,黃色蓋並不與裝置之投劑端接觸,故黃色蓋可含有(例如)較早論述之清潔組合物或在綠色蓋中含有之殺菌組合物。
用於蓋之可能材料包括(但不限於)聚乙烯、聚丙烯及/或共聚物材料。另外,蓋可較佳包含UV屏蔽之材料或劑,以在儲存、運送等期間保持過氧化氫之完整性。封裝亦可含有UV屏蔽材料,以抑制過氧化物之分解。
如上文所提及,本發明之裝置可用於經由血管內導液管或血管內出入口而自個體抽取血液。在特定應用中,裝置可直接用於血液測試目的。如上文所論述,裝置腔室可較佳具有具合適刻度標誌之範圍為1 ml至3 ml之腔室大小。在需要全血之情況下,視抽取之特定目的而定,可將血液抽取至具有空腔室之裝置中,或抽取至含有諸如EDTA、檸檬酸鈉之抗凝劑或替代凝結劑(諸如上文所論述)的裝置中。接著,可在血液測試設備中直接利用含有血液及抗凝劑之裝置,或可將血液轉移至用於測試之替代裝置。
在需要血清之應用中,可將全血抽取至裝置腔室中,且在凝結之後,含有血液樣本之裝置可經旋轉以使血清與紅血球分離。若在裝置腔室中存在抗凝劑,則可發生進一步分離以隔離血漿。或者,在將樣本抽取至裝置腔室中之後,可將諸如MILLIPORE(Millipore Corp.,Bedford MA)之過濾器配合於裝置上。該技術可過濾出紅血球、白血球及血小板,從而允許血清自腔室流出,同時將血細胞保持於過濾器中。若基於將進行之測試或其他程序(亦即,完成血液測定、CBC、血小板測定、網狀紅血球測定、T及B淋巴細胞檢定及化學處理)而需要允許血細胞或血漿轉移,則可視情況在腔室內提供抗凝劑以使其實現。
在將血液樣本自個體抽取至腔室中期間,亦可利用合適過濾器過濾出微粒。
應瞭解,以上裝置中之任一者可用於淨化目的、投劑目的或血液抽取/測試目的。對於基於如上所述利用之特定裝置之改變,方法係相似的。
在圖17至圖19中說明實例裝置封裝。如圖17中所示,封裝100可包括一罩蓋部分102及一封裝托盤104。參看圖18及圖19,封裝托盤104可為一模鑄托盤,其具有符合根據本發明之裝置40c之形狀的整體模鑄固持特徵。較佳地,模鑄特徵符合裝置在用於運送、儲存等非展開位置中之形狀。因此,托盤104可具有一或多個整體模鑄之固持器特徵106、107、108及109。托盤104亦可包含一整體模鑄之收納台110,該收納台110可經組態以收納在如圖18中所繪示之直立位置中的裝置40c。該收納台在投劑程序期間(或在使用之後)可允許插入且固持裝置40c。托盤104亦可用於裝置安置目的。
根據本發明之裝置蓋可獨立於裝置而用於淨化且保護替代進入導液管及出入口(諸如血管內、腹膜透析、泌尿之出入口及導液管等)。因此,可將該等蓋成對(每對具有兩個不同大小、顏色等,以組群或散裝的形式,具有一或多種顏色)地獨立封裝。圖20至圖21展示一實例雙蓋封裝系統115,其具有:一第一蓋117,其可為(例如)一黃色蓋且可較佳為一LEUR-LOK型蓋;及一第二蓋118,其可為(例如)一綠色蓋,且亦可為LEUR-LOK。封裝系統115可包含一封裝托盤120且(如圖21中所說明)可包括整體模鑄之合適收納出入口/收納環122、124。在額外或較少蓋將被封裝在一起之情況下,托盤120可具有合適數目之收納出入口,以收納且逆向地固持該等蓋。在蓋大小(直徑)不同之情況下,出入口亦可具有合適之不同大小。應瞭解,視利用蓋(其中封裝出入口之數目及大小對應於各個蓋之數目及大小)的特定程序而定,可以組之形式提供蓋,諸如每個封裝含一個綠色蓋及四個黃色蓋或任何其他合適數目。
接著參看圖22,其說明一替代封裝系統130。封裝系統130包含一罩蓋132及一托盤130,該托盤130具有用於收納蓋117及118之整體收納出入口136及138。如上文所論述,可基於將被利用之蓋的數目及大小來提供收納出入口的替代數目及大小。
在以散裝形式提供蓋之情況下,可對蓋進行各別封裝且可在薄片中或在條帶上個別地提供蓋。或者,蓋可具備導液管或導管/導入裝置。可在普通封裝中包括該等蓋,其可為鬆散的或附接至出入口導液管或導管,以用於在封裝打開之後及/或使用裝置時的出入口清潔及/或保護。在某些示例中,可在圍裹導液管裝置之較大封裝內所包括的一或多個子封裝中封裝該或該等蓋。
10...出入口進入裝置
12...第一組件
14...第一末端
16...第二組件
18...第二末端
20...凸舌
21...容器
22...腔室外殼
23...腔室
24...延伸部分/連接器部分
25...分離器
26...施配器
28...閥部分
29...開口
30...收納出入口
32...塗藥器材料
40...出入口進入裝置
40b...出入口進入裝置
40c...出入口進入裝置
42...第一組件
42a...第一組件
42b...第一組件
42c...第一組件
44...第二組件
44a...第二組件
44b...第二組件
44c...第二組件
45b...第三組件
45c...第三組件
46...柱塞
46c...柱塞
48...外殼
48b...外殼
48c...外殼
50...第一末端
52...第二末端
54...腔室
54c...腔室
56...桿部
57...密封件
57c...密封件
59...密封件
60...外殼
60a...外殼
60b...外殼
60c...外殼
62...容器
64...塗藥器材料
65...蓋延伸/蓋部分
66...容器
67...塗藥器材料
68...密封件
70...封裝
71...封裝單元之系列
72...罩蓋
74...托盤部分
76...空腔
78...固持器
80...外殼
80c...外殼
82...塗藥器材料
100...封裝
102...罩蓋部分
104...封裝托盤
106...固持器特徵
107...固持器特徵
108...固持器特徵
109...固持器特徵
110...收納台
115...雙蓋封裝系統
117...蓋
118...蓋
120...托盤
122...收納出入口/收納環
124...收納出入口/收納環
130...封裝系統
132...罩蓋
136...收納出入口
138...收納出入口
圖1為根據本發明之一態樣之裝置的示意性等角視圖。
圖2為在圖1中展示之裝置的示意性側視圖。
圖3為在圖1中展示之裝置的示意性分解圖。
圖4為在圖1中展示之裝置的示意性橫截面圖。
圖5為圖1中展示之裝置在相對於在圖4中繪示之定位重新定位之後的示意性橫截面圖。
圖6為根據本發明之另一態樣之裝置的示意性等角視圖。
圖7為在圖6中展示之裝置的示意性側視圖。
圖8為圖6中之裝置的示意性分解圖。
圖9為在圖6中展示之裝置的示意性橫截面圖。
圖10為用於在圖6中展示之裝置之例示性封裝概念的示意圖。
圖11展示用於在圖6中展示之裝置之多封裝的封裝概念。
圖12為根據本發明之另一態樣之裝置的示意性分解圖。
圖13為在圖12中展示之裝置的示意性橫截面圖。
圖14為根據本發明之另一態樣之裝置的示意性分解圖。
圖15為根據本發明之另一態樣之裝置的示意性分解圖。
圖16為在圖15中展示之裝置的示意性橫截面側視圖。
圖17為根據本發明之一態樣之封裝概念的示意性等角視圖。
圖18為在圖17中展示之封裝概念的示意性等角視圖。
圖19為在圖17中展示之封裝概念的另一示意性等角視圖。
圖20為根據本發明之一態樣之一組組件的示意性等角視圖。
圖21為在圖20中繪示之該組組件的分解圖。
圖22為根據本發明之一態樣之封裝概念的示意性分解圖。
40c...出入口進入裝置
42c...第一組件
44c...第二組件
45c...第三組件
46c...柱塞
48c...外殼
50...第一末端
52...第二末端
54c...腔室
57c...密封件
60c...外殼
80c...外殼

Claims (3)

  1. 一種淨化一血管內導管出入口之方法,其包含:提供一出入口清潔裝置,其包含:一噴射器組件,其具有一噴射器筒與一柱塞,該噴射器筒含有一第一淨化劑;及一導管出入口蓋,其與該柱塞相關聯,該導管出入口蓋含有一吸收劑材料及一殺菌劑;自該柱塞移除該導管出入口蓋;注射該第一淨化劑至該導管出入口;及以該導管出入口蓋封蓋一導管出入口。
  2. 如請求項1之方法,其中該導管出入口蓋係一第一導管出入口蓋,且其中該出入口清潔裝置包含一第二導管出入口蓋。
  3. 如請求項1之方法,其中該導管出入口蓋係一第一導管出入口蓋,且其中該出入口清潔裝置更包含一含有一第二淨化劑之第二導管出入口蓋,該方法進一步包含在注射該第一淨化劑之前以該第二導管出入口蓋封蓋該導管出入口。
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