TWI551634B - 用於固化樹脂之加速劑 - Google Patents
用於固化樹脂之加速劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI551634B TWI551634B TW101110246A TW101110246A TWI551634B TW I551634 B TWI551634 B TW I551634B TW 101110246 A TW101110246 A TW 101110246A TW 101110246 A TW101110246 A TW 101110246A TW I551634 B TWI551634 B TW I551634B
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- Prior art keywords
- transition metal
- resin
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- mmol
- accelerator
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 96
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/10—Metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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Description
本發明係關於一種適於與過氧化物一起形成氧化還原系統之加速劑溶液、一種包含不飽和聚酯樹脂或乙烯酯樹脂之預加速樹脂組合物、及一種包含該預加速樹脂組合物之兩組分組合物。
氧化還原系統可用於樹脂固化。習知氧化還原系統包含氧化劑(例如過氧化物)及可溶性過渡金屬離子作為加速劑。加速劑用以增加氧化劑在較低溫度下之活性,且因此加快固化速率。
加速劑系統可以不同方式添加至待固化樹脂中。一種方法涉及在添加過氧化物之前,將個別加速劑成分添加至樹脂中。此舉可在臨添加過氧化物之前或在此之前幾天或幾週進行。在後一種情況中,吾等提及預加速樹脂組合物,其包含樹脂及加速劑成分且可儲存直至進一步與過氧化物一起使用且固化為止。另一方法涉及預製備含有加速劑成分之加速劑溶液,該溶液可儲存直至進一步使用且添加至樹脂中為止。預加速樹脂可藉由將加速劑系統之個別成分添加至樹脂中或藉由添加此等成分呈加速劑溶液形式之混雜物來製備。
典型加速劑系統包含過渡金屬鹽或錯合物。最常用於此目的之過渡金屬為鈷。然而,考慮到鈷的毒性,法規要求減少鈷之量。
因此,希望提供無Co加速劑。然而,迄今為止開發的無Co加速劑系統不具有傳統含Co加速劑系統之良好效能。
揭示該等無Co加速劑系統之文獻實例為WO 2008/003492、WO 2008/003793及WO 2008/003500。根據此等文獻,加速劑系統中替代Co使用之金屬為Mn、Cu、Fe及Ti。所揭示之加速劑系統存在於呈預加速樹脂形式之不飽和聚酯或乙烯酯樹脂中。此預加速樹脂據稱每公斤樹脂含有不到0.01 mmol Co。
現已發現基於除Co以外之過渡金屬(例如Mn及Cu)之加速劑系統的反應性可藉由添加反應性輔助劑來增強。此反應性輔助劑為與主要過渡金屬(例如Mn或Cu)相比少量存在於加速劑系統中之過渡金屬鹽或錯合物。
本發明因此係關於一種適於與過氧化物一起形成氧化還原系統之加速劑溶液,其包含(i)選自錳及銅之第一過渡金屬之化合物,(ii)第二過渡金屬之化合物;第一過渡金屬:第二過渡金屬之重量比在3:1至200:1之範圍內,(iii)含氮鹼,及(iv)羥基官能性溶劑,其限制條件為該加速劑溶液不含有抗壞血酸。
本發明亦關於一種預加速樹脂組合物,其包含(i)可固化樹脂,(ii)選自錳及銅之第一過渡金屬之化合物,
(iii)第二過渡金屬之化合物;第一過渡金屬:第二過渡金屬之重量比在3:1至200:1之範圍內,(iv)含氮鹼,及(V)羥基官能性溶劑,其限制條件為該預加速樹脂不含有抗壞血酸。
本發明進一步關於一種包含第一組分及第二組分之兩組分組合物,該第一組分包含如上文所定義之預加速樹脂組合物,該第二組分包含過氧化物。
第一過渡金屬係選自銅及錳。
第一過渡金屬以金屬測定較佳以至少50 mmol/l、更佳至少100 mmol/l之量存在於加速劑溶液中。其較佳以小於5000 mmol/l、更佳小於2500 mmol/l且最佳小於1000 mmol/l之量存在於加速劑溶液中。
第一過渡金屬以金屬測定較佳以每公斤樹脂至少1 mmol、更佳以每公斤樹脂至少2 mmol之量存在於預加速樹脂中。其較佳以每公斤樹脂不超過75 mmol、更佳以每公斤樹脂不超過50 mmol、甚至更佳以每公斤樹脂不超過25 mmol且最佳以每公斤樹脂不超過10 mmol之量存在。
第二過渡金屬(亦即反應性輔助劑)之實例為可以兩種氧化態存在之過渡金屬,諸如鈷、鈦、釩、鐵、錳、銅、錫、鉻、鎳、鉬、鍺、鍶、鈀、鉑、鈮、銻、錸、鋨、銥、鉑、金、汞、碲、銣及鉍。
根據本發明作為反應性輔助劑的較佳第二過渡金屬為
銅、鈷、鈦、鐵及錳。甚至更佳為鈷、鈦、鐵及錳。最佳為鈷及鈦。鈷化合物可用作第二過渡金屬(反應性輔助劑)而不導致法規及毒性問題,因為其可少量使用。
第二過渡金屬以金屬測定較佳以至少10 mmol/l、更佳至少25 mmol/l之量存在於加速劑溶液中。其較佳以小於1000 mmol/l、更佳小於500 mmol/l且最佳小於250 mmol/l之量存在於加速劑溶液中。
第二過渡金屬以金屬測定較佳以每公斤樹脂至少0.02 mmol、更佳以每公斤樹脂至少0.10 mmol、甚至更佳以每公斤樹脂至少0.25 mmol且最佳以每公斤樹脂0.50 mmol之量存在於預加速樹脂中。其較佳以每公斤樹脂不超過10 mmol、更佳以每公斤樹脂不超過5 mmol且最佳以每公斤樹脂不超過2 mmol之量存在。
應瞭解特定溶液或樹脂中之第一過渡金屬及第二過渡金屬應彼此不同。換言之,溶液或樹脂應含有至少兩種不同金屬。
第一過渡金屬及第二過渡金屬之合適化合物為其鹽及錯合物,諸如其鹵化物、硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽、磺酸鹽、磷酸鹽、膦酸鹽、氧化物或羧酸鹽。合適羧酸鹽之實例為乳酸鹽、2-乙基己酸鹽、乙酸鹽、丙酸鹽、丁酸鹽、乙二酸鹽、月桂酸鹽、油酸鹽、亞油酸鹽、棕櫚酸鹽、硬脂酸鹽、乙醯丙酮酸鹽、辛酸鹽、壬酸鹽、庚酸鹽、新癸酸鹽或環烷酸鹽。
較佳錳化合物為氯化錳、硝酸錳、硫酸錳、乳酸錳、2-
乙基己酸錳、辛酸錳、壬酸錳、庚酸錳、新癸酸錳、環烷酸錳及乙酸錳,及吡啶、聯吡啶及其衍生物之Mn錯合物,及WO 2011/83309中所揭示之三牙、四牙、五牙或六牙氮供體配位基之Mn錯合物。
根據WO 2011/83309之較佳氮供體配位基為雙吡酮(bispidon)配位基及TACN-Nx配位基。較佳雙吡酮配位基為二甲基-2,4-二-(2-吡啶基)-3-甲基-7-(吡啶-2-基甲基)-3,7-二氮-雙環[3.3.1]壬-9-酮-1,5-二甲酸酯(N2py3o-Cl)。較佳TACN-Nx配位基為1,4,7-三甲基-1,4,7-三氮環壬烷(Me3-TACN)。
可使用Mn(II)、Mn(III)、Mn(IV)及Mn(VII)化合物中之任一者。
較佳銅化合物為氯化銅、硝酸銅、硫酸銅、乳酸銅、2-乙基己酸銅、辛酸銅、壬酸銅、庚酸銅、新癸酸銅、環烷酸銅及乙酸銅。可使用Cu(I)及Cu(II)化合物兩者。
適於存在於加速劑溶液及預加速樹脂中之含氮鹼為三級胺,諸如三乙胺、二甲基苯胺、二乙基苯胺或N,N-二甲基-對甲苯胺(DMPT);多元胺,諸如1,2-(二甲胺)乙烷;二級胺,諸如二乙胺;乙氧化胺,諸如三乙醇胺、二甲基胺基乙醇、二乙醇胺或單乙醇胺;及芳族胺,諸如聯吡啶。
含氮鹼較佳以5-50重量%之量存在於加速劑溶液中。在預加速樹脂中,其較佳以每公斤樹脂0.5-10 g之量存在。
術語「羥基官能性溶劑」包括式HO-(-CH2-C(R1)2-(CH2)m-O-)n-R2之化合物,其中各R1係獨立地選自由氫、
具有1-10個碳原子之烷基及具有1至10個碳原子之羥基烷基組成之群,n=1-10,m=0或1,且R2為氫或具有1-10個碳原子之烷基。各R1最佳獨立地選自H、CH3及CH2OH。合適羥基官能性溶劑之實例為二醇,如二乙二醇單丁醚、乙二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二醇及聚乙二醇、甘油及異戊四醇。
羥基官能性溶劑較佳以1-50重量%、較佳5-30重量%之量存在於加速劑溶液中。在預加速樹脂中,其較佳以每公斤樹脂0.1-100 g、較佳以每公斤樹脂0.5-60 g之量存在。
本發明之加速劑溶液及預加速樹脂不含有抗壞血酸,因為抗壞血酸會抵消反應性輔助劑之作用。在抗壞血酸存在下,第二金屬可充當抑制劑而非反應性輔助劑。
在本說明書內,術語抗壞血酸包括L-抗壞血酸及D-異抗壞血酸。
本發明之加速劑溶液及預加速樹脂可視情況含有一或多種促進劑、水、添加劑及/或填充劑。
存在三類重要促進劑:金屬羧酸鹽、1,3-二酮及含磷化合物。
1,3-二酮之實例為乙醯丙酮、苯甲醯丙酮、及二苯甲醯甲烷、及乙醯乙酸酯,諸如二乙基乙醯乙醯胺、二甲基乙醯乙醯胺、二丙基乙醯乙醯胺、二丁基乙醯乙醯胺、乙醯乙酸甲酯、乙醯乙酸乙酯、乙醯乙酸丙酯及乙醯乙酸丁酯。
合適金屬羧酸鹽之實例為銨、鹼金屬及鹼土金屬之2-乙
基己酸鹽、辛酸鹽、壬酸鹽、庚酸鹽、新癸酸鹽及環烷酸鹽。較佳鹼金屬為K。該等鹽可現成(as such)添加至加速劑溶液或樹脂中,或其可就地形成。舉例而言,2-乙基己酸鹼金屬鹽可在將鹼金屬氫氧化物及2-乙基己酸添加至加速劑溶液中後於該溶液中就地製備。
含磷化合物之實例為具有式P(R)3及P(R)3=O之磷化合物,其中各R係獨立地選自氫、具有1至10個碳原子之烷基及具有1至10個碳原子之烷氧基。較佳至少兩個R基團係選自烷氧基之任一烷基。合適含磷化合物之特定實例為磷酸二乙酯、磷酸二丁酯、磷酸三丁酯、磷酸三乙酯(TEP)、亞磷酸二丁酯及磷酸三乙酯。
乙醯乙酸酯為尤其較佳的促進劑。尤其較佳為二乙基乙醯乙醯胺。甚至更佳為二乙基乙醯乙醯胺與2-乙基己酸鉀之組合。二乙基乙醯乙醯胺與磷酸二丁酯之組合亦為較佳。
若一或多種促進劑存在於加速劑溶液中,則其量較佳為至少0.01重量%、更佳至少0.1重量%、甚至更佳至少1重量%、更佳至少10重量%且最佳至少20重量%;較佳不超過90重量%、更佳不超過80重量%且最佳不超過70重量%,皆以加速劑溶液之總重量計。
本發明之加速劑溶液可進一步包含其他有機化合物,諸如脂族烴溶劑、芳族烴溶劑、及攜帶醛基、酮基、醚基、酯基、醇基、磷酸酯基或羧酸基之溶劑。合適溶劑之實例為脂族烴溶劑,諸如白色油精及無氣味礦油精(OMS);芳
族烴溶劑,諸如環烷烴及環烷烴與石蠟之混合物、異丁醇;戊醇;1,2-二肟、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、N-乙基吡咯啶酮;二甲基甲醯胺(DMF);二甲亞碸(DMSO);2,2,4-三甲基戊二醇二異丁酸酯(TxIB);酯,諸如順丁烯二酸二丁酯、丁二酸二丁酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、酮戊二酸單酯及酮戊二酸二酯、丙酮酸酯、及抗壞血酸酯(諸如抗壞血酸棕櫚酸酯);醛;單酯及二酯,更特定言之丙二酸二乙酯及丁二酸二乙酯;1,2-二酮,特定言之二乙醯及乙二醛;苄醇及脂肪醇。
加速劑溶液可視情況包含水。若存在,則該溶液之水含量較佳為至少0.01重量%且更佳至少0.1重量%。水含量較佳不超過50重量%、更佳不超過40重量%、更佳不超過20重量%、甚至更佳不超過10重量%且最佳不超過5重量%,皆以加速劑溶液之總重量計。
加速劑溶液可藉由簡單混合成分,視情況伴以中間加熱及/或混合步驟來製備。
預加速樹脂可以多種方式製備:藉由使個別成分與樹脂混合,或藉由使包括視情況選用之單體的樹脂與本發明之加速劑溶液混合。後一方法較佳。
適於使用本發明之加速劑溶液固化及存在於預加速樹脂組合物中之樹脂包括醇酸樹脂、不飽和聚酯(UP)樹脂、乙烯酯樹脂、(甲基)丙烯酸酯樹脂、聚胺基甲酸酯、環氧樹脂及其混合物。較佳樹脂為(甲基)丙烯酸酯樹脂、UP樹脂及乙烯酯樹脂。在本申請案之上下文中,術語「不飽和聚
酯樹脂」及「UP樹脂」係指不飽和聚酯樹脂與烯系不飽和單體化合物之組合。術語「(甲基)丙烯酸酯樹脂」係指丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸樹脂與烯系不飽和單體化合物之組合。如上文所定義之UP樹脂及丙烯酸酯樹脂為慣例且可購得。固化通常藉由將本發明之加速劑溶液及引發劑(過氧化物)添加至樹脂中,或藉由將過氧化物添加至預加速樹脂中來起始。
適於藉由本發明之方法固化之UP樹脂為所謂鄰苯型樹脂、間苯型樹脂、間苯-新二醇型樹脂及二環戊二烯(DCPD)樹脂。該等樹脂之實例為順丁烯二酸型樹脂、反丁烯二酸型樹脂、烯丙基型樹脂、乙烯型樹脂及環氧型樹脂、雙酚A樹脂、對苯二甲酸樹脂及雜化樹脂。
乙烯酯樹脂包括丙烯酸酯樹脂,其基於例如甲基丙烯酸酯、二丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸酯及其寡聚物。
丙烯酸酯樹脂包括丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、二丙烯酸酯及二甲基丙烯酸酯及其寡聚物。
烯系不飽和單體化合物之實例包括苯乙烯及苯乙烯衍生物,如α-甲基苯乙烯、乙烯基甲苯、茚、二乙烯基苯、乙烯吡咯啶酮、乙烯基矽氧烷、乙烯基己內醯胺、芪,以及鄰苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、二亞苄基丙酮、烯丙苯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸、二丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯醯胺;乙酸乙烯酯、氰尿酸三烯丙酯、異氰尿酸三烯丙酯、用於光學應用之烯丙基化合物(諸如(二)乙二醇二烯丙基碳酸酯)、氯苯乙烯、第三丁基
苯乙烯、第三丁基丙烯酸酯、丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯及其混合物。(甲基)丙烯酸酯反應性稀釋劑之合適實例為PEG200二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2,3-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯及其異構體、二乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甘油二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、PPG250二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三環癸烷二羥甲基二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、1,10-癸二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸縮水甘油酯、(雙)順丁烯二醯亞胺、(雙)甲順丁烯二醯胺、(雙)衣康醯亞胺及其混合物。
預加速樹脂中烯系不飽和單體之量以該樹脂之重量計較佳為至少0.1重量%、更佳為至少1重量%且最佳為至少5重量%。烯系不飽和單體之量較佳不超過50重量%、更佳不超過40重量%且最佳不超過35重量%。
若加速劑溶液用於固化樹脂或用於製備預加速樹脂,則以該樹脂之重量計,加速劑溶液通常以至少0.01重量%、較佳至少0.1重量%、且較佳不超過5重量%、更佳不超過3重量%之加速劑溶液之量使用。
適於固化樹脂且適於存在於兩組分組合物之第二組分中之過氧化物包括無機過氧化物及有機過氧化物,諸如慣常
使用之酮過氧化物、過氧化酯、二芳基過氧化物、二烷基過氧化物及過氧基二碳酸酯,以及過氧基碳酸酯、過氧基縮酮、氫過氧化物、二醯基過氧化物及過氧化氫。較佳過氧化物為有機氫過氧化物、酮過氧化物、過氧化酯及過氧基碳酸酯。甚至更佳為氫過氧化物及酮過氧化物。較佳氫過氧化物包括異丙苯基氫過氧化物、1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基氫過氧化物、第三丁基氫過氧化物、異丙基異丙苯基氫過氧化物、第三戊基氫過氧化物、2,5-二甲基己基-2,5-二氫過氧化物、蒎烷氫過氧化物、對薄荷烷-氫過氧化物、萜-氫過氧化物及蒎烯氫過氧化物。較佳酮過氧化物包括過氧化甲乙酮、過氧化甲基異丙酮、過氧化甲基異丁酮、過氧化環己酮及過氧化乙醯丙酮。
當然,亦可使用兩種或兩種以上過氧化物之混合物;例如氫過氧化物或酮過氧化物與過氧化酯之組合。
尤其較佳的過氧化物為過氧化甲乙酮。熟習此項技術者應瞭解此等過氧化物可與習知添加劑(例如填充劑、色素及減敏劑)組合。減敏劑實例為親水性酯及烴溶劑。用於固化樹脂之過氧化物之量較佳為每一百樹脂(phr)至少0.1、更佳為至少0.5 phr且最佳為至少1 phr。過氧化物之量較佳不超過8 phr、更佳不超過5 phr、最佳不超過2 phr。
當過氧化物與預加速樹脂混合時,將過氧化物添加至樹脂與加速劑溶液之預混合物中,或使過氧化物與樹脂預混合,隨後添加加速劑溶液。混合且分散所得混合物。固化
製程可在-15℃直至250℃之任何溫度下進行,其取決於引發劑系統、加速劑系統、用以調整固化速率之化合物及待固化之樹脂組合物。其較佳在環境溫度下進行,常用於諸如以下應用中:手積層(hand lay-up)、噴塗(spray-up)、絲纏繞、樹脂轉移成型、塗佈(例如膠塗層(gelcoat)及標準塗層)、鈕扣生產、離心澆鑄、波紋板或平板、換襯系統、廚房水槽通孔澆鑄化合物等。然而,其亦可用於SMC、BMC、拉擠成形技術及其類似技術,對此使用高達180℃、更佳高達150℃、最佳高達100℃之溫度。
其他視情況選用之添加劑可用於本發明之固化製程中,諸如填充劑、玻璃纖維、色素、抑制劑及促進劑。
固化樹脂可用於多種應用中,包括海洋應用、化學錨定、屋頂、建築、換襯、管槽、地板、風車葉片等。
製備兩種含Cu加速劑溶液,差別在於少量Co。藉由添加0.045重量%(以加速劑溶液之重量計)包含2-乙基己酸鈷(II)(Co(作為金屬)之量為10重量%)之市售加速劑NL-53(購自AkzoNobel)來添加Co。
溶液成分列於表1中。
在20℃下,使用0.5 phr(每一百樹脂)此等加速劑溶液與1.5 phr過氧化甲乙酮(Butanox® M50,購自AkzoNobel)一起固化基於鄰苯二甲酸之不飽和聚酯樹脂(Palatal® P6,購自DSM resin)。藉由塑膠學會(Society of Plastic
Institute)之方法(SPI方法F/77.1,可獲自Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals)分析固化效能。該方法涉及量測放熱峰值、達到峰值之時間及膠凝時間。根據此方法,將25 g包含100份樹脂、1.5份過氧化物及0.5份加速劑溶液之混合物傾入試管中且將熱電偶穿過外殼置放於該管中心。接著將玻璃管置放於維持在20℃下之氣候控制室中且量測溫度-時間曲線。由該曲線計算以下參數:
膠凝時間(Gt)=以分鐘為單位之自實驗開始至超出浴溫5.6℃所流逝的時間。
達到峰值之時間(TTP)=自實驗開始至達到峰值溫度時所流逝的時間。
放熱峰值(PE)=達到的最大溫度。
結果展現於表1中,其亦包括僅使用加速劑NL-53(0.045 phr)之參考實驗。
用另外兩種含Cu加速劑溶液重複實例1。結果展現於表2中。
Claims (15)
- 一種適於與過氧化物一起形成氧化還原系統之加速劑溶液,其包含(i)選自錳及銅之第一過渡金屬之化合物,(ii)第二過渡金屬之化合物;第一過渡金屬:第二過渡金屬之重量比在3:1至200:1之範圍內,(iii)含氮鹼,及(iv)羥基官能性溶劑,其限制條件為該加速劑溶液不含有抗壞血酸。
- 如請求項1之加速劑溶液,其中該第二過渡金屬係選自由Co、Ti、Fe、Mn、Cu、Sn、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ge、Sr、Pd、Pt、Nb、Sb、Re、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、Te、Rb及Bi組成之群。
- 如請求項2之加速劑溶液,其中該第二過渡金屬係選自由Co、Ti、Fe、Mn及Cu組成之群。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之加速劑溶液,其中該第一過渡金屬係以50mmol/l至5000mmol/l之量存在於該溶液中。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之加速劑溶液,其中該第二過渡金屬係以10mmol/l至1000mmol/l之量存在於該溶液中。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項之加速劑溶液,其進一步包含鹼金屬或鹼土金屬化合物、含磷化合物及/或1,3-二酮。
- 一種預加速樹脂組合物,其包含(i)可固化樹脂,(ii)選自錳及銅之第一過渡金屬之化合物, (iii)第二過渡金屬之化合物;第一過渡金屬:第二過渡金屬之重量比在3:1至200:1之範圍內,(iv)含氮鹼,及(v)羥基官能性溶劑,其限制條件為該預加速樹脂不含有抗壞血酸。
- 如請求項7之預加速樹脂組合物,其中該第二過渡金屬係選自由Co、V、Ti、Fe、Mn、Cu、Sn、Cr、Ni、Mo、Ge、Sr、Pd、Pt、Nb、Sb、Re、Os、Ir、Pt、Au、Hg、Te、Rb及Bi組成之群。
- 如請求項8之預加速樹脂組合物,其中該第二過渡金屬係選自由Co、V、Ti、Fe、Mn及Cu組成之群。
- 如請求項7至9中任一項之預加速樹脂組合物,其中該第一過渡金屬係以每公斤樹脂1mmol至75mmol之量存在於該溶液中。
- 如請求項7至9中任一項之預加速樹脂組合物,其中該第二過渡金屬係以每公斤樹脂0.10mmol至10mmol之量存在於該溶液中。
- 如請求項7至9中任一項之預加速樹脂組合物,其進一步包含鹼金屬或鹼土金屬化合物、含磷化合物及/或1,3-二酮。
- 如請求項7至9中任一項之預加速樹脂組合物,其中該可固化樹脂為不飽和聚酯樹脂、乙烯酯樹脂或(甲基)丙烯酸酯樹脂。
- 一種兩組分組合物,其包含第一組分及第二組分,該第 一組分包含如請求項7至13中任一項之預加速樹脂組合物,該第二組分包含過氧化物。
- 如請求項14之兩組分組合物,其中該過氧化物係選自由有機氫過氧化物、酮過氧化物、過氧基碳酸酯及過氧化酯組成之群。
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2013
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Patent Citations (1)
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WO2008119783A1 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-09 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Accelerator solution |
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JP2014515768A (ja) | 2014-07-03 |
MY163181A (en) | 2017-08-15 |
TW201245309A (en) | 2012-11-16 |
EP2688947B1 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
IL228038A0 (en) | 2013-09-30 |
BR112013023688B1 (pt) | 2020-09-08 |
KR101914534B1 (ko) | 2018-11-02 |
CN103443184A (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
CN103443184B (zh) | 2016-02-17 |
RU2597602C2 (ru) | 2016-09-10 |
EP2688947A1 (en) | 2014-01-29 |
ZA201306754B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
RU2013146339A (ru) | 2015-04-27 |
KR20140005284A (ko) | 2014-01-14 |
CA2827582A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
PL2688947T3 (pl) | 2015-10-30 |
AU2012230373A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
JP5894660B2 (ja) | 2016-03-30 |
BR112013023688A2 (pt) | 2016-12-13 |
DK2688947T3 (en) | 2015-08-10 |
SI2688947T1 (sl) | 2015-08-31 |
ES2541411T3 (es) | 2015-07-20 |
US20140005342A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 |
CA2827582C (en) | 2019-03-05 |
US9206302B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 |
WO2012126917A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
MX2013010686A (es) | 2013-10-03 |
AU2012230373B2 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
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