TWI518711B - 電子絕緣材料 - Google Patents
電子絕緣材料 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI518711B TWI518711B TW100119844A TW100119844A TWI518711B TW I518711 B TWI518711 B TW I518711B TW 100119844 A TW100119844 A TW 100119844A TW 100119844 A TW100119844 A TW 100119844A TW I518711 B TWI518711 B TW I518711B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven
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- fibers
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012772 electrical insulation material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical group O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 rectorite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims description 2
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006173 natural rubber latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 101
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 7
- 101000795655 Canis lupus familiaris Thymic stromal cotransporter homolog Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000784 Nomex Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004763 nomex Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000561 Twaron Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004762 twaron Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 3
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920006309 Invista Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000109 continuous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004951 kermel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethenylphenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013646 Hycar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009820 dry lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
- H01B3/52—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials wood; paper; press board
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
- B32B19/06—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
- D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
- Y10T442/693—Including a paper layer
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於適用於電絕緣應用之材料。
本申請案主張2010年12月17日申請之美國臨時專利申請案第61/424,354號及2011年3月23日申請之美國專利申請案第13/069,679號之權利。
諸如電動馬達、發電機及變壓器之電氣設備通常需要某種形式之介電絕緣物使處於一電壓下之導體與處於一不同電壓下之導體隔離及/或提供對電器元件之機械保護。為此目的,工業中通常使用電絕緣材料之層壓物。
本發明之材料係適用於變壓器、馬達、發電機及需要絕緣電氣元件之其他器件中之絕緣電氣元件。
本發明之至少一個實施例提供一種包括於一或兩面上直接熔合不織布層之不織紙層之物件,其中該不織紙及該不織布中之一或兩者係電絕緣的。
本發明之至少一個實施例提供一種協同聯合不織布之機械增強性質與不織紙之介電絕緣性質之電絕緣材料。
本發明之至少一個實施例提供一種包括經外部長纖維基不織布層增強之短纖維基不織紙之電絕緣材料。在本發明之至少一些實施例中,元件材料之熱結合及緻密化產生具有包括介電強度、抗拉強度及撕裂強度之理想性質平衡的電絕緣材料。
如本說明書中所使用:
「直接熔合」意指不具有諸如黏接層之介入層;
「不織紙」意指主要包含短纖維之片狀材料;
「不織布」意指主要包含長纖維之片狀材料;
「短纖維」意指長度小於1英寸之纖維;
「長纖維」意指長度大於或等於1英寸之纖維;
「MD」或「機器方向」係指與連續材料片材之纏繞方向平行之方向;
「CD」或「橫越方向」係指與連續材料片材之纏繞方向垂直之方向。
本發明至少一個實施例之一優點為在不需要黏接樹脂下實現不織紙層與不織布層之熱結合。此點避免添加黏著劑之附加步驟及成本且消除黏著劑因在處理及使用期間曝露於高溫而變脆之風險。
本發明至少一個實施例之一優點為在不需要熱塑性薄膜下實現不織紙層與不織布層之熱結合。此點避免因包括熱塑性薄膜而附加之步驟及成本。
本發明至少一個實施例之一優點為在不需要電漿處理(以增強該等層之黏接)下實現不織紙層與不織布層之熱結合。此點避免因電漿處理而附加之步驟及成本。
本發明之以上概述用意不在描述本發明之各個揭示實施例或每種實施法。隨後之詳細描述更明確地說明本發明之實施例。
在以下描述中,應明瞭涵蓋其他實施例且其可在不脫離本發明之範圍或精神下實施。因此,不應將以下詳細描述視為具限制意義。
除非另外指明,否則在所有實例中,所有表示說明書及申請專利範圍中所採用之特徵尺寸、量及物理性質之數值應理解為由術語「約」修飾。因此,除非作相反指明,否則本說明書及隨附申請專利範圍中所闡述之數值參數為可根據由熟習此項相關技藝者利用本文中所揭示教示企圖獲得之期望性質變化之近似值。使用以終點表示之數值範圍包括介於該範圍內之所有數值及任何值(例如,1至5包括1、1.5、2、2.75、3、3.80、4及5)。
本發明之至少一些實施例提供一種具有改良之機械強度及耐高溫性之獨特的可撓性電絕緣物件。
本發明之至少一些實施例之不織紙層包括由短纖維(即長度小於1英寸(2.54 cm)之纖維)製得之片狀材料。在本發明之至少一個實施例中,不織紙中之大多數纖維為有機物。然而,一些實施例可包括具有無機纖維之不織紙。
用於製造不織紙之適宜有機纖維之實例包括(但不限於)芳族聚醯胺纖維,包括間-芳族聚醯胺纖維(諸如以商品名稱NOMEX獲自DuPont(www2.dupont.com)之彼等;以商品名稱TEIJINCONEX獲自Teijin Limited,Japan之彼等;以商品名稱METASTAR獲自Yantai,China之彼等;及以商品名稱X-FIPER獲自SRO Group,China之彼等)及對-芳族聚醯胺纖維(諸如以商品名稱TWARON獲自Teijin Limited,Japan 之彼等;以商品名稱KEVLAR獲自DuPont(www2.dupont.com)之彼等;以商品名稱KERMEL TECH獲自Kermel,France之彼等及以商品名稱HERACRON獲自Kolon Industries,South Korea之彼等)。在本發明之至少一些實施例中,不織紙可包括間-芳族聚醯胺纖維及對-芳族聚醯胺纖維中之一或兩者。在本發明之至少一個實施例中,芳族聚醯胺纖維為不織紙層之較佳組分。本發明之不織紙之至少一些實施例可包括一或多種類型之芳族聚醯胺纖維。該等類型之芳族聚醯胺纖維包括(但不限於)間-芳族聚醯胺、對-芳族聚醯胺、經改質之間-或對-芳族聚醯胺或其他類型之芳族聚醯胺。不織紙可包括0(零)至100重量%含量之芳族聚醯胺纖維。在本發明之至少一個實施例中,不織紙層包括約10重量%至約30重量%芳族聚醯胺纖維。
適宜之非芳族聚醯胺有機及無機纖維包括(但不限於)聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚酯、聚醯胺、丙烯酸系樹脂、三聚氰胺、玻璃、聚烯烴及聚醯亞胺。不織紙可包括0(零)至100重量%含量之非芳族聚醯胺纖維。在本發明之至少一個實施例中,不織紙層包括約1重量%至約10重量%非芳族聚醯胺纖維。
在本發明之至少一個實施例中,不織紙亦包括聚合黏著劑。適宜之聚合黏著劑包括(但不限於)丙烯酸系物、腈、苯乙烯丙烯酸系乳膠、瓜爾膠、澱粉及天然橡膠乳膠。不織紙可包括不超過約20重量%含量之聚合黏著劑。在本發明之至少一個實施例中,不織紙層包括約3重量%至約10重量%聚合黏著劑。
在本發明之至少一個實施例中,不織紙亦包括一或多種無機填充物。適宜之無機填充物包括(但不限於)高嶺黏土、滑石、雲母、碳酸鈣、礬土三水合物、蒙脫石、膨潤石、膨潤土、伊利石、綠泥石、海泡石、鎂鋁海泡石(attapulgite)、敘永石(halloysite)、蛭石、合成鋰皂石、累托石(rectorite)、珍珠岩、氮化鋁、碳化矽、氮化硼及其組合。適宜類型之高嶺黏土包括(但不限於)水洗高嶺黏土;剝層高嶺黏土;煅燒高嶺黏土;及經表面處理之高嶺黏土。不織紙可包括不超過約80重量%含量之無機填充物。在至少一個實施例中,不織紙包括約50重量%至約80重量%無機填充物。
在本發明之至少一個實施例中,不織紙包括約10重量%至約30重量%含量之芳族聚醯胺纖維、約1重量%至約10重量%含量之非芳族聚醯胺纖維、約3重量%至約10重量%含量之聚合黏著劑及約50重量%至約80重量%含量之無機填充物。
本發明之不織紙可藉由文獻中已知之任何適宜方法製造。典型之方法包括一般與短於1英寸之纖維一起使用之濕式成型(濕式布層)製程。用於濕式成型製程中之較短纖維一般產生具有良好介電絕緣性質之具緻密結構之不織紙。在濕式成型法中,一般將纖維/填充物/黏著劑分散於水中,及將所得混合物描述為儲備液或漿液。將該儲備液沉積於連續移動之篩網上以形成網狀物。一種適宜之方法係使用其中纖維/填充物/黏著劑係經水高度稀釋之圓筒型造紙機。可使用離子帶電型絮凝劑及凝結劑來中和該混合物並滯留填充物及黏著劑。此方法一般使得纖維/填充物/黏著劑均勻分佈於不織紙中。然後,將該網狀物轉移至帶狀物,繼而於加熱鼓上乾燥。
適用於本發明之市售不織紙之實例包括以商品名稱CeQUIN獲自3M Company,USA之彼等,包括(但不限於)CeQUIN I(約90%無機內容物)、CeQUIN II(CeQUIN I之雙層(板層)複合物)、CeQUIN X(增強B-階段應用之濕強度)及CeQUIN 3000(約74%無機內容物加有機纖維增強劑);及THERMAVOLT,包括(但不限於)THERMAVOLT壓光絕緣紙、THERMAVOLT TVF壓光絕緣紙與薄膜及THERMAVOLT LNC未壓光絕緣紙;以商品名稱NOMEX獲自DuPont(www2.dupont.com)之彼等,包括(但不限於)NOMEX紙型號410、型號411(較低密度型)、型號414、型號418(包括雲母)、型號419(型號418之較低密度型)及型號E56;以商品名稱X-FIPER獲自SRO有限集團(中國)之彼等;以商品名稱METASTAR獲自Yantai Metastar Special Paper Co.,Ltd.,China之彼等;及以商品名稱VOLTOID獲自Interface Solutions,USA之彼等,包括(但不限於)VOLTOID D-100 FR、VOLTOID D-225 FR、VOLTOID D-800、VOLTOID HP-450、VOLTOID S-350及VOLTOID V-090。
本發明之至少一些實施例之不織布層包括由長纖維(即長度大於或等於1英寸(2.54 cm)之纖維)製成之片狀材料。
不織布層一般主要係由有機纖維製成,然可包括無機纖維。用於製造不織布之適宜有機纖維之實例包括(但不限於)包括間-芳族聚醯胺纖維及對-芳族聚醯胺纖維之芳族聚醯胺纖維。適用於本發明之不織布之至少一些實施例可包括間-芳族聚醯胺纖維及對-芳族聚醯胺纖維中之一或兩者。在本發明之至少一個實施例中,芳族聚醯胺纖維為不織布層之較佳組分。本發明之不織布之至少一些實施例可包括一或多種類型之芳族聚醯胺纖維。該等類型之芳族聚醯胺纖維包括(但不限於)間-芳族聚醯胺、對-芳族聚醯胺、經改質之間-或對-芳族聚醯胺或其他類型之芳族聚醯胺。不織布可包括0(零)至100重量%含量之芳族聚醯胺纖維。在至少一個實施例中,不織布包括約20重量%至約70重量%芳族聚醯胺纖維。
適宜之非芳族聚醯胺有機纖維包括(但不限於)聚苯硫醚(PPS)、包括聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)及聚(伸環己基-二亞甲基對苯二甲酸酯)(PCT)之聚酯、經二醇改質之聚酯、聚苯碸、聚醯胺(尼龍)及聚丙烯纖維。不織布可包括約0(零)至100重量%含量之非芳族聚醯胺纖維。在至少一個實施例中,不織布包括約30重量%至約80重量%非芳族聚醯胺纖維。
適用於本發明之不織布可包括切斷(即非黏接型)纖維及黏接纖維。切斷纖維可包括,例如,間-芳族聚醯胺及對-芳族聚醯胺、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、包括聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)之聚酯、經二醇改質之聚酯、聚苯碸、尼龍及聚丙烯纖維。黏接纖維可包括,例如,間-芳族聚醯胺、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、包括聚酯對苯二甲酸酯(PET)及聚(伸環己基-二亞甲基對苯二甲酸酯)(PCT)之聚酯、經二醇改質之聚酯、聚苯碸及聚丙烯纖維。一般而言,該等黏接纖維將於加熱及/或加壓時軟化及/或流動,此點使得其等與該等切斷纖維結合。黏接纖維可包括單一聚合物及/或具有不同化學及/或物理性質之2種聚合物之雙組分組態。
對於由切斷纖維及黏接纖維製成之適用於本發明之不織布,切斷纖維可佔該織物之約30重量%至約80重量%及黏接纖維可佔該織物之約20重量%至約70重量%。
在本發明之一些實施例中,代替或除了使用黏接纖維外,不織布可包含黏著劑以促使材料結合於該不織布中。結合或增強不織布之其他方法包括水刺法、點黏接法或壓光法。
一般將纖維摻合在一起以形成不織布。在相較於(諸如)將不織紙層壓至連續聚酯薄膜來增加紙強度之先前技藝方法時,摻合不同纖維之能力可得到更大的設計靈活性以符合產品性能。
不織布一般包括形成可在不進行編織或針織下製造之可撓性片狀材料,且藉由(i)機械聯鎖該等纖維中之至少一些部分,(ii)使該等纖維中一些部分中之至少一些部分熔合,或(iii)藉由使用黏接材料黏接該等纖維中之至少一些部分固定在一起之纖維網絡。在黏接或熔合該等纖維中之一些部分之前,該不織布可為類似棉絮狀之一種柔軟蓬鬆的纖維組成。
不織布可呈任何適宜之形式,諸如(但不限於)梳理非編織網狀物、紡黏網狀物、熔噴網狀物、條子稀洋紗(scrims)、布、單向網狀物、氈、水刺網狀物、水結(hydrolaced)網狀物等。
在至少一個實施例中,梳理非編織網狀物可包括約20重量%至約70重量%之芳族聚醯胺纖維之摻合物及約30重量%至約80重量%之其他非芳族聚醯胺纖維。
本發明之不織布可藉由技術中已知之任何適宜方法製造。典型之方法包括用於一般等於或長於1英寸之纖維之乾式成型(乾式布層)製程。用於乾式成型製程中之較長纖維一般產生具有良好機械強度之具敞開多孔結構的不織布。乾式成型製程之實例包括梳理及紡黏。在典型的乾式成型梳理製程中,將切斷纖維叢機械分離成個別纖維並形成黏接網狀物。梳理機使用對置移動床以間隔極小之針來牽引及分離該等纖維叢。為被該等針抓緊,用於梳理之輸入纖維一般係經捲曲(即製成波浪狀)。
適用於本發明之市售不織布包括以商品名稱THERMAL SHIELD(非編織類PPS材料)獲自3M Company之彼等及以商品名稱NOMEX LT(包括(但不限於)型號180)獲自DuPont(www2.dupont.com)之彼等。
在本發明之至少一個實施例中,不織紙層係直接熔合至一不織布層。在至少一個其他實施例中,不織紙層係置於兩不織布層之間且直接熔合至此兩不織布層。
不織紙層及不織布層可包括組合形成層之一或多個片材(即板層或子層)。該等板層或子層可為相同或不同的材料。該等片材可藉由諸如使用化學黏著劑之任何適宜方式或藉由諸如壓光之製程組合。例如,CeQUIN I之片材可包括一層。CeQUIN II之片材(其為CeQUIN I之雙片材(雙板層)複合物)亦可包括一層。
在至少一個實施例中,該不織紙層及一或多個不織布層係藉由熱壓光堆疊藉由透過熱及壓力之機械及熱結合而熔合在一起。可操縱壓光參數影響所得物件之物理性質,以致達到目標性質。例如,增加壓光溫度、壓力及速度可影響所得絕緣物件之物理性質,諸如MD抗拉強度、CD及MD撕裂強度及如一些實例中所示之殘留熱老化MD抗拉強度及伸長率。亦可改變不織布之纖維取向以達到目標性質。在製造本發明之物件中,未施用黏著劑(即,除了可能已用於形成不織紙或織物層者之外)來將不同層或子層接合在一起。替代地,該不織紙層及一或多個不織布層係僅僅利用熱及壓力藉由壓光黏接,不同於技術中已知之絕緣產品需要於構造中存有熱塑性塑膠層、於層間添加黏著劑、或增強黏接的表面處理(諸如電漿處理)。
亦可設計不織布之調配物以與不織紙結合或有利地整合,以致無需施用黏著劑。例如,不織布層中存有黏接纖維、黏著劑或紡黏(熱塑性)纖維在加熱及/或加壓時可使不織紙及織物層即刻黏接在一起。
可以連續製程(在線整合)或以不連續步驟(離線整合)形成且組合或整合該不織紙層及一或多個不織布層。
如前面所述,本發明之物件係適於絕緣變壓器、馬達、發電機及需要絕緣電氣元件之其他器件中之電氣元件。可利用本發明之不織紙及不織布之不同組合可解決不同產品應用之需求。例如,可調整不織紙與不織布之重量比。對於本發明之至少一些物件,該(等)不織紙層佔約49重量%至約95重量%及該(等)不織布層佔約5重量%至約51重量%。對於具有一不織紙層及一不織布層之本發明之至少一些物件,該不織紙層佔約66重量%至約95重量%及該不織布層佔約5重量%至約34重量%。對於具有一不織紙層及兩不織布層之本發明之至少一些物件,該不織紙層佔約49重量%至約93重量%及該等不織布層佔約7重量%至約51重量%。對於具有兩不織紙層及兩不織布層之本發明之至少一些物件,該等不織紙層佔約66重量%至約95重量%及該等不織布層佔約5重量%至約34重量%。
絕緣物件之各層可對最終結構之獨特性質提供貢獻。例如,不織紙可提供長期耐熱性及期望的電性質;不織布可提供極佳的抗撕裂性,同時在熱老化之後亦增強抗拉強度及總體可撓性。兩種類型層之組合提供同時具有物理強度及期望的電性質,同時在約464℉(240℃)下之高溫熱老化之後保持極佳可撓性之物件。
在本發明之至少一些實施例中,依據ASTM D149-09測得,絕緣物件具有大於100伏/密耳(3.9千伏/mm),較佳大於或等於150 V/密耳(5.9 kV/mm)之介電擊穿強度。
提供以下實例及比較例以有助於明瞭本發明而不應視為限制其範圍。除非另外指明,否則所有份及百分比係依重量計。在隨後之例示性及比較實例之評價中,採用以下測試方法及方案。
XP-1為實驗電絕緣不織紙,其係採用技術中已知之方法如下製得:將76重量%剝層高嶺黏土(HYDRAPRINT,KaMin,LLC,USA)、7重量%丙烯酸系乳膠黏著劑(HYCAR 26362,The Lubrizol Corp.,USA)、10重量%間-芳族聚醯胺紙漿(Aramid,Ltd.,USA)、5.5重量%對-芳族聚醯胺纖維(1.7丹尼爾(denier)×6 mm)(TWARON,Teijin Aramid,The Netherlands)及1.5重量%丙烯酸系纖維(0.1丹尼爾×3 mm)(VONNEL 1 MVP,Mitsubishi Rayon Co.,Japan)之混合物分散於水中形成具有約0.06重量%至0.9重量%之固體含量之漿液。
然後藉由於造紙機上進行濾水來形成濕不織紙。將所形成之不織紙在300 lb/線英寸(54 kg/cm)之壓力下於造紙用濕氈之間擠壓。此刻,該不織紙具有足可移至造紙製程之乾燥器段之強度。然後藉由接觸乾燥進一步乾燥該濕不織紙。使用於250°F(121℃)溫度下之蒸汽加熱乾燥器罐或實驗室手抄紙乾燥器來將該不織紙乾燥至低於1.5重量%之含水率。
用於實例1至18及比較例CE11中之不織布係由40重量%對-芳族聚醯胺纖維(1.7丹尼爾×1.5")(TWARON,Teijin Aramid,The Netherlands)、10重量%聚酯切斷纖維(1.5丹尼爾×1.5")(Type 221,Invista,USA)、25重量%未拉伸聚酯黏接纖維(3丹尼爾×1")(型號109,Fiber Innovation Technology,USA)及25重量%雙組分聚酯黏接纖維(2丹尼爾×1.5")之混合物組成,其具有一110℃黏接無定形外鞘(型號T-201,Fiber Innovation Technology,USA)。使纖維混合物通過梳理機以得到基重為0.033至0.066 lb/yd2(18至36 g/m2)之非編織棉絮。
然後藉由鋼棉花鉗壓光非編織棉絮,其中該鋼輥經加熱達約230-240℉(110-116℃)之溫度及鉗壓為約590 pli(106 kg/cm)。實例1至13、16及CE11使用具有0.044 lb/yd2(24 g/m2)基重之不織布,而實例14使用具有0.033 lb/yd2(18 g/m2)基重之不織布。實例15與17使用具有0.066 lb/yd2(36 g/m2)基重之不織布。實例18使用具有0.05 lb/yd2(26 g/m2)基重之不織布。
用於實例19至22中之不織布具有約0.04 lb/yd2(22 g/m2)之基重且係由對-芳族聚醯胺纖維(1.7丹尼爾×1.5")(TWARON,Teijin Aramid,The Netherlands)、聚酯切斷纖維(1.5丹尼爾×1.5")(型號221,Invista,Wichita,KS)及未拉伸聚酯黏接纖維(3丹尼爾×1")(型號109,Fiber Innovation Technology,Johnson City,TN)之混合物組成,其含量示於表5中。使纖維混合物通過梳理機以得到非編織棉絮。然後利用壓花輥採用表面溫度約240℉(116℃)點黏接該非編織棉絮並利用棉花鉗輥以約400 pli(71.6 kg/cm)之鉗壓擠壓。
比較例CE1至CE9係僅由不織紙層製得(即,不含不織布層)。比較例CE1至CE7使用具有材料列表中指定來源之市售不織紙。CE8樣本係藉由於鋼輥之間於溫度380℉(193℃)、壓力1000 pli(179 kg/cm)及速度15 ft/min(4.6 m/min)下壓光可於市面獲得作為未壓光不織紙之NOMEX 411而製得。CE9樣本係藉由於鋼輥之間於溫度300℉(149℃)、壓力1000 pli(179 kg/cm)及速度15 ft/min(4.6 m/min)下壓光可如上所述於實驗室製得之XP-1不織紙而製得。CE1至CE9之測定及測試結果示於表1中。
實例1至7包括介於兩不織布層之間之不織紙層。
對於實例1至6,不織紙層係供於兩不織布層之間且在表2所示條件下於鋼輥之間壓光。
實例7包括在與該等不織布層整合之前經壓光之XP-1不織紙層。此XP-1不織紙之壓光條件為300℉(149℃)之鉗溫、1000 pli(179 kg/cm)之鋼輥間鉗壓及15 ft/min(4.6 m/min)之速度。經壓光之XP-1不織紙係供於兩不織布層之間且然後在表2所示條件下於鋼輥之間壓光。實例1至7之測定及測試結果示於表2中。
實例8至18包括不織紙層及一或兩個不織布層。
對於實例8至13,將不織紙層供於兩不織布層之間且在表3所示條件下於鋼輥之間壓光。
對於實例14,結構為經在表3所示條件下於鋼輥之間壓光之一層不織紙及一層不織布。
對於實例15至18,將兩層不織紙供於兩不織布層之間且在表3所示條件下於鋼輥之間壓光。對於實例15,使用兩層THERMAVOLT LNC不織紙,各層具有7密耳(0.18 mm)標稱厚度。對於實例16,使用兩層THERMAVOLT LNC不織紙,各層具有9密耳(0.23 mm)之標稱厚度。對於實例17,使用一層具有7密耳(0.18 mm)標稱厚度之THERMAVOLT LNC不織紙及一層具有9密耳(0.23 mm)標稱厚度之THERMAVOLT LNC不織紙。對於實例18,使用一層具有5.5密耳(0.14 mm)標稱厚度之THERMAVOLT LNC不織紙及一層具有5.5密耳(0.14 mm)標稱厚度之XP-1不織紙。實例8至18之測定及測試結果示於表3中。
比較例CE10包含熱塑性塑膠層但不含不織布層。比較例CE11包含於內紙層各面上之黏接層。
比較例CE10為具有5+1厚度(5密耳不織紙層厚度及1密耳厚PET層厚度)之標準THERMAVOLT TVF之片材。比較例CE11係藉由使用含異氰酸酯固化劑之苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯黏著劑組合該等不織布層及不織紙層而製得。該黏著劑係以8 lb/3000 ft2(13 g/m2)之比率施用至XP-1紙之各面且於200℉(93.3℃)下乾燥1分鐘。然後透過鋼/橡膠鉗於30 pli(5.4 kg/cm)之壓力及200℉(93.3℃)之溫度於5 ft/min(1.5 m/min)之速度下使該紙與不織布層組合,以活化該黏著劑繼而完成黏接。
比較例CE10及CE11之測定及測試結果示於表4中。
比較例CE11顯示於熱老化後之殘留熱老化可撓性最小。當以約135°角折叠時,該樣本發生龜裂。當折回另一方向並拉伸時,該樣本整齊地於折痕處斷裂。相對地,實例1至22未顯示該行為及於熱老化後維持良好的折叠可撓性。
實例19至22包括介於兩不織布層之間之不織紙層。該等織物層具有不同之組成。
為實施實例19至22,將紙層供於兩不織布層之間且在表5所示條件下壓光。
實例19至22之測定及測試結果示於表5中。
儘管於本文中已例示且描述特定實施例以描述較佳實施例,然而,熟習此項相關技藝者當明瞭多種替代性及/或等效實施例可替代經顯示及描述之特定實施例而不脫離本發明之範圍。本申請案意欲涵蓋文中所述較佳實施例之任何修改或變化。因此,本發明顯然僅欲受限於申請專利範圍及其等效物。
Claims (14)
- 一種絕緣物件,其包括:於一或兩面上直接與不織布層熔合之不織紙層,其中該不織紙及該不織布中之一或兩者係電絕緣的其中該不織紙包括:約50至約80重量%無機填充物,及約3至約10重量%聚合乳膠黏著劑,及其中該不織布包括:約20至約70重量%黏接纖維,及約30至約80重量%切斷纖維,其中該切斷纖維包含對-芳族聚醯胺切斷纖維。
- 如請求項1之物件,其具有根據ASTM D149-09為大於或等於150伏/密耳之複合部件介電擊穿強度。
- 如請求項1之物件,其中該不織紙進一步包括芳族聚醯胺纖維。
- 如請求項3之物件,其中該等包含不織紙之芳族聚醯胺纖維為對-芳族聚醯胺纖維及間-芳族聚醯胺纖維中之一或兩者。
- 如請求項1之物件,其中該不織紙進一步包括約10至約30重量%芳族聚醯胺纖維。
- 如請求項1之物件,其中該不織紙進一步包括選自由聚苯硫醚、聚酯、聚醯胺、丙烯酸系樹脂、三聚氰胺、玻璃及聚醯亞胺組成之群之非芳族聚醯胺纖維。
- 如請求項1之物件,其中該無機填充物係選自由高嶺黏 土、滑石、雲母、碳酸鈣、礬土三水合物、蒙脫石、膨潤石、膨潤土、伊利石、綠泥石(chlorite)、海泡石、鎂鋁海泡石(attapulgite)、敘永石(halloysite)、蛭石、合成鋰皂石、累托石(rectorite)、珍珠岩、氮化鋁、碳化矽、氮化硼及其組合組成之群。
- 如請求項1之物件,其中該聚合乳膠黏著劑係選自由丙烯酸系乳膠、腈乳膠、苯乙烯丙烯酸系乳膠、天然橡膠乳膠及其組合組成之群。
- 如請求項1之物件,其中該黏接纖維包含進一步包括選自由聚苯硫醚、聚酯、經二醇改質之聚酯、聚苯碸、聚丙烯及其組合組成之群之非芳族聚醯胺纖維之不織布。
- 如請求項1之物件,其中該不織紙層之一或兩面包含一片以上之不織紙。
- 如請求項1之物件,其中該不織布層包含一片以上之不織布。
- 如請求項1之物件,其包括之約49至約95重量%之不織紙及約5至約51重量%之不織布。
- 如請求項1之物件,其具有一個不織紙層及一個不織布層,及包括約66至約95重量%之不織紙及約5至約34重量%之不織布。
- 如請求項1之物件,其具有一個介於兩不織布層之間之不織紙層,及包括約49至約93重量%之不織紙及約7至約51重量%之不織布。
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-
2011
- 2011-03-23 US US13/069,679 patent/US9437348B2/en active Active
- 2011-05-24 CN CN201180060209.1A patent/CN103260869B/zh active Active
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- 2011-05-24 KR KR1020137018414A patent/KR20140034127A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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EP2651633A1 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
RU2013125536A (ru) | 2015-01-27 |
RU2557619C2 (ru) | 2015-07-27 |
JP5865389B2 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
US20120156956A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
ES2655531T3 (es) | 2018-02-20 |
SG190977A1 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
CN103260869A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
CA2820194A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
BR112013015126A2 (pt) | 2016-09-27 |
EP2651633B1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
JP2014506199A (ja) | 2014-03-13 |
TW201237890A (en) | 2012-09-16 |
US9437348B2 (en) | 2016-09-06 |
CN103260869B (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
WO2012082180A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
MX2013006553A (es) | 2013-07-15 |
KR20140034127A (ko) | 2014-03-19 |
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