TWI510602B - Method of injection of powder quick - setting agent and unshaped refractory - Google Patents
Method of injection of powder quick - setting agent and unshaped refractory Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI510602B TWI510602B TW102124175A TW102124175A TWI510602B TW I510602 B TWI510602 B TW I510602B TW 102124175 A TW102124175 A TW 102124175A TW 102124175 A TW102124175 A TW 102124175A TW I510602 B TWI510602 B TW I510602B
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- Prior art keywords
- powder
- quick
- refractory
- pipe
- nozzle
- Prior art date
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 116
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011823 monolithic refractory Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001467 sodium calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004079 fireproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
本發明係關於針對不定形耐火物的噴吹施工，添加於在配管內被氣流搬送的耐火組成物之粉體速凝劑及不定形耐火物的噴吹施工方法。
澆桶、轉爐等的熔融金屬容器，在鐵皮內面施工有耐火物。此耐火物係處於因承受熔融金屬所含的熔渣承受熔損或因熔融金屬的進出而被曝露於熱衝擊，變得容易被破壞之環境。因此，在耐火物被破壞的情況，噴吹不定形耐火物而進行損耗的部分之修補。
作為損耗部分的修補方法，在對構成不定形耐火物的耐火組成物添加所需量的施工水並予以拌合後，氣流搬送至噴嘴，在噴嘴或噴嘴正前方添加速凝劑並噴吹之施工方法為眾所皆知(例如，參照專利文獻1、2)。作為此時所使用的速凝劑，可舉出熟石灰、鋁酸鈉、鋁酸鉀、矽酸鈉、磷酸鈉等。
[專利文獻1]日本特開2009-047317號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2011-214762號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特開2000-226268號公報
在前述專利文獻1、2，速凝劑係以氣體壓縮機，在配管內被搬送而以噴嘴混合於耐火組成物。此時，熟石灰等的速凝劑幾乎為100μm左右以下的微粉，故，當與耐火性組成物混合時，對耐火性組成物不易刺入，會有速凝劑與耐火組成物無法充分地混合的問題產生。
又，由於速凝劑為微粉，故，會有容易附著在配管內之特性。當微顆粒的粒子附著於配管內時，亦會有相當於附著的量從設計上的調配成分脫離之問題。
對於速凝劑與耐火組成物無法充分地混合的問題，例如，專利文獻3提案將對粉末速凝劑添加了耐火物微粉者在噴嘴內添加至耐火組成物，藉此將粉末速凝劑充分地混合於耐火組成物，能夠穩定地進行噴吹施工的方法。
但，即使為專利文獻3的方法，耐火組成物與粉末速凝劑的混合性仍不充分，會有附著率無法提升的情況產生。又在專利文獻3的方法，由於無法充分地抑制
配管內的微粒子附著，故，會有速凝劑附著於配管內而堵塞之問題產生。
本發明所欲解決之課題係在於，在當進行不定形耐火物的噴吹施工時，藉由氣流搬送將速凝劑添加至耐火組成物之情況，使速凝劑與耐火組成物的混合性提升，並且可防止粉體速凝劑的配管附著。
有鑑於前述課題，本發明者精心檢討的結果發現，在專利文獻3，混合於粉末速凝劑的耐火物微粉的粒度對耐火組成物與速凝劑的混合性、配管內的附著性等的影響大，且更驚豔的是藉由含有粒徑超過0.5mm以上的粒子5質量%且粒徑0.1mm以上、5mm以下的粒子30質量%，可使速凝劑與耐火組成物的混合性提升，並且能夠防止粉體速凝劑的配管附著，而完成了本發明。
本發明的主旨為以下所述。
(1)本發明的粉體速凝劑，係當使用於耐火物的噴吹施工時，透過配管將耐火組成物朝噴嘴進行氣流搬送時，在前述噴嘴或噴嘴正前方藉由氣流搬送添加於前述耐火組成物之粉體速凝劑，其特徵為，含有：使前述耐火組成物硬化的第1粉體材料；作為耐火材料之第2粉體材料，且前述第2粉體材料係含有粒徑超過0.5mm的粒子5質量%以上且粒徑0.1mm以上的粒子30質量%以上。
(2)又，本發明的粉體速凝劑，如前述(1)的粉體
速凝劑，其中，前述第2粉體材料含有粒徑5mm以下且超過0.5mm的粒子10質量%以上為佳。
(3)又，本發明的粉體速凝劑，如前述(1)或(2)的粉體速凝劑，其中，當將第1粉體材料與前述第2粉體材料在質量比上作成1：3至3：1的比例，換言之，將第1粉體材料與第2粉體材料的總量作成100質量%時，含有25~75質量%的第1粉體材料、75~25質量%之第2粉體材料為佳。
(4)又，本發明的粉體速凝劑，如前述(1)至(3)中任一個的粉體速凝劑，其中，前述第1粉體材料係為由熟石灰、鋁酸鹽、矽酸鹽、氫氧化鎂、波特蘭水泥、硫酸礬土、碳酸鈣、氯化鈣、氧化鈣、氫氧化鈣及磷酸鈉所構成的群組中選擇1種或2種以上為佳。
(5)又，本發明的粉體速凝劑，如前述(1)至(4)中任一個的粉體速凝劑，其中，前述第2粉體材料係由鋁氧質、矽質、鋁氧-矽質、鋁氧-尖晶石質、鋁氧-苦土質、鋁氧-碳質、鋁氧-碳化矽質、鋁氧-碳化矽-碳質、苦土質、苦土-碳質、碳質、碳化矽質、氧化鋯質、氧化鈣質、白雲石質、氧化鉻質、氧化鉻-苦土質、苦土-石灰質及苦土-鋁氧質所構成的群組中選擇1種或2種以上的耐火材料為佳。
(6)本發明係一種不定形耐火物的噴吹施工方法，使用如前述如前述(1)至(4)中任一個的粉體速凝劑之方法，其特徵為，藉由氣流搬送，在噴嘴內或噴嘴正前方
的配管內，對透過配管進行氣流搬送並自前述噴嘴吐出的耐火組成物添加前述粉體速凝劑。
若依據本發明的粉體速凝劑，因第2粉體材料係含有粒徑超過0.5mm以上的粒子5質量%且粒徑0.1mm以上的粒子30質量%，所以，粉體速凝劑的粒子具有容易對耐火組成物容易刺入的特性，其結果，能夠提升粉體速凝劑與耐火組成物之混合性。
又，即使在第1粉體材料附著配管內的情況，第2粉體材料中粒徑較第1粉體材料大的粒徑為0.1mm以上的粒子可發揮削落附著於配管之第1粉體材料的效果。特別是對粒徑超過0.5mm的粒子之效果大。藉此，能夠防止第1粉體材料附著於配管內。
1‧‧‧噴吹施工裝置
11‧‧‧氣流式原料搬送手段
12‧‧‧材料拌合手段
13‧‧‧噴嘴
14‧‧‧速凝劑供給手段
15、16、17、18‧‧‧配管
圖1係顯示適用本發明的粉體速凝劑之不定形耐火物的噴吹施工裝置的一例之示意圖。
圖2係顯示對施工面噴吹之噴吹材料的附著率與噴吹施工體的外觀氣孔率的關係之圖表。
首先，說明關於適用本發明的粉體速凝劑之
不定形耐火物的噴吹施工。
圖1係顯示不定形耐火物的噴吹施工裝置的
一例之示意圖。圖1所示的噴吹施工裝置1係對澆桶、轉爐等的內壁面噴吹施工不定形耐火物之裝置，具備有氣流式原料搬送手段11、材料拌合手段12、作為材料噴吹手段的噴嘴13、及速凝劑供給手段14，各手段係經由配管15、16、17連接著。
氣流式原料搬送手段11係將構成不定形耐火
物的耐火組成物藉由氣體壓縮機等以氣流進行搬送。雖未圖示，在此氣流式原料搬送手段11設有用來供給耐火組成物的供給槽，當自供給槽供給耐火組成物時，藉由氣體壓縮機使用氣流自配管15吐出耐火組成物，並搬送至材料拌合手段12。在此，配管15的內徑在30mm以上、50mm以下的範圍、配管17內的流速為10(m/s)以上30(m/s)以下為佳。
配管15之與材料拌合手段12連接的連接部
上游側，連接著配管16，在配管16的上游側，雖未圖示但連接著氣體壓縮機。在此配管16的內部，利用氣體壓縮機的氣流送出霧狀的水，自配管16對配管15中的耐火組成物添加霧狀的水。亦即，氣體壓縮機及配管16是作為水添加手段來發揮功能。
材料拌合手段12係將對藉由氣流式原料搬送
手段11所搬送的耐火組成物經由配管16添加水後的材料進行攪拌拌合，噴嘴13對已被材料拌合手段12所拌合的
材料噴吹至施工面。被拌合的材料是從材料拌合手段12的出口在例如長度5m至20m的配管17中被氣流搬送，並從噴嘴13吐出。
速凝劑供給手段14係藉由氣體壓縮機等以氣
流將粉體速凝劑進行搬送者。粉體速凝劑透過配管18被氣流搬送，在噴嘴13添加至噴嘴13內的耐火組成物(拌合材料)。粉體速凝劑的添加量係對耐火組成物100質量%，以外部混合添加0.5~10質量%。在此，配管18的內徑在10mm以上、20mm以下的範圍、配管18內的流速為10(m/s)以上40(m/s)以下為佳。
作為在這樣的噴吹施工裝置1所使用之耐火
組成物，其材質未特別限定，能夠毫無問題地使用作為主要的耐火原料之鋁氧質、矽質、鋁氧-矽質、鋁氧-尖晶石質、鋁氧-苦土質、鋁氧-碳質、鋁氧-碳化矽質、鋁氧-碳化矽-碳質、苦土質、苦土-碳質、碳質、碳化矽質、氧化鋯質、氧化鈣質、白雲石質、氧化鉻質、氧化鉻-苦土質、苦土-石灰質及苦土-鋁氧質及這些原料的組合之材質。一般，選定具有與成為噴吹對象的耐火物類似的礦物組成之材質即可。
其次，說明關於添加至前述耐火組成物的本
發明的粉體速凝劑。
本發明的粉體速凝劑含有：使耐火組成物硬
化的第1粉體材料；及具有耐火性的耐火原料之第2粉體材料。
又，本發明的粉體速凝劑必須為乾粉。這是
因為在對粉體速凝劑添加了水分之情況，施工體的強度會降低之故。
作為第1粉體材料，使用熟石灰、鋁酸鹽(鋁酸鈉、鋁酸鉀、鋁酸鈣)、矽酸鹽(矽酸鈉、矽酸鉀)、氫氧化鎂、波特蘭水泥、硫酸礬土、碳酸鈣、氯化鈣、氧化鈣、氫氧化鈣、磷酸鈉等的習知速凝劑或這些材料的組合為佳。第1粉體材料的大部分是粒徑0.075mm以下者為佳。
作為第2粉體材料，若為耐火原料則不特定限制其材質，能夠毫無問題地使用與前述耐火組成物相同的材質。例如，作為第2粉體材料，使用鋁氧質、矽質、鋁氧-矽質、鋁氧-尖晶石質、鋁氧-苦土質、鋁氧-碳質、鋁氧-碳化矽質、鋁氧-碳化矽-碳質、苦土質、苦土-碳質、碳質、碳化矽質、氧化鋯質、氧化鈣質、白雲石質、氧化鉻質、鉻-苦土質、苦土-石灰質及苦土-鋁氧質等各自的耐火材質及這些材料的組合之耐火材質為佳。
以下，以熟石灰作為第2粉體材料、氧化鋁作為第2粉體材料進行說明。
在本發明，氧化鋁係含有：粒徑超過0.5mm以上的粒子5質量%以上、且粒徑0.1mm至5mm以下的粒子30質量%。
藉此，本發明之粉體速凝劑係比起不含氧化鋁的粉體速凝劑、雖含氧化鋁但未達前述條件的粉體速凝
劑等，具有對耐火組成物容易刺入的特性。此特性是因為氧化鋁所含的0.1mm以上的粒子存在有預定量以上之故。作為具體的理由之一，氧化鋁所含的0.1mm以上之粒子係粒徑較大部分的熟石灰大。且，氧化鋁的比重較熟石灰大。因此，氧化鋁所含的預定量以上的0.1mm以上的粒子係運動能量較熟石灰高。於是，氧化鋁所含的0.1mm以上的粒子會成為具有較熟石灰更容易刺入到耐火組成物的特性。且，藉由超過0.5mm以上的粒子存在有預定量以上，使得作為速凝劑全體的運動能量變得更大，成為具有容易刺入到耐火組成物的特性。又，由於熟石灰在微粉區域之未滿0.075mm的粒子佔大部分，故，具有容易進入到氧化鋁的凹突部分之性質。因此，熟石灰與氧化鋁的0.1mm以上的粒子一同具有容易刺入到耐火組成物之性質。
亦即，本發明之粉體速凝劑係比起不含氧化
鋁的粉體速凝劑，具有容易刺入耐火組成物之特性。藉此，可發揮使粉體速凝劑與耐火組成物的混合性提升之效果。
又，由於氧化鋁所含的0.1mm以上之粒子係
粒徑較微粉區域的熟石灰大，故，能夠發揮將附著於配管的熟石灰削落之效果。因此，氧化鋁需要含有0.1mm以上的粒子。且，超過0.5mm的粒子係當在配管內以氣流搬送來搬送速凝劑時，藉由運動能量大、超過0.5mm的粒子存在有預定量，使得能夠非常有效地防止配管附著產
生。
在氧化鋁，當0.1mm以上、5mm以下的粒子
未滿30質量%或超過0.5mm的粒子未滿5質量%時，則無法充分地獲得前述效果。為了使前述刺入效果及削落效果更顯著，氧化鋁細含有粗大的粒子為佳，具體而言，對氧化鋁的總和100質量%，粒徑超過0.5mm之粒子至少含有10質量%以上為佳。
又，氧化鋁中的粗大粒子的粒徑上限是5mm
為佳。氧化鋁中的粗大粒子的粒徑上限是受到配管18的徑所限制。在此，配管18的徑是大約10mm以上、20mm以下為佳。當配管18的徑未滿10mm時，則由於徑小，故，粉體速凝劑容易堵塞。又，當配管18的徑超過20mm時，伴隨徑的增加，會有需要使用來將粉體速凝劑進行氣流搬送的氣流流量(氣體流量)增加。當氣體流量增加時，氣體會吹飛被施工體面的施工體，造成施工體的附著性降低的問題產生。因此，配管18的徑是大約10mm以上、20mm以下為佳。在此，在配管18的徑為10mm的情況，當氧化鋁的粒徑超過5mm時，氧化鋁堵塞在配管18的傾向變高。因此，氧化鋁的粒徑係5mm以下為佳。
再者，即使在氧化鋁的粒徑含有超過5mm之
情況，若在粉體速凝劑中之超過5mm的含有量未滿30質量%，則氧化鋁堵塞的可能性低，可達到實際使用的等級。
又，前述氧化鋁中的粒徑0.1mm以上或粒徑
超過0.5mm的粗大粒子之含有量無上限，氧化鋁亦可為所有的粒徑0.1mm以上或粒徑超過0.5mm以上的粗大粒子。氧化鋁亦可不含微粒子，一般，耐火組成物含有微粒子，又，因氧化鋁的添加量對耐火組成物呈微量，所以，不會對噴吹施工的品質造成壞影響。
在本發明的粉體速凝劑，前述熟石灰與氧化
鋁的配合比例，係在質量比為由1：3到3：1，換言之，當將熟石灰與氧化鋁的總量設為100質量%時，以熟石灰25~75質量%、氧化鋁75~25質量%的比例進行調配為佳。當熟石灰的含有量低於25質量%時，由於使耐火組成物硬化的成分不足，故，會有附著至施工面的附著率降低的傾向。另外，當氧化鋁的含有量之比例低於25質量%時，氣流搬送性降低，會有在配管內粉體速凝劑附著於配管造成配管堵塞之問題產生。
且，以往以來，為了保管，將一般僅由熟石
灰等的第1粉體材料所構成的粉體速凝劑保持在儲藏槽內，或在施工時保持於圖1之速凝劑供給手段14內時，因和空氣中的水蒸氣產生反應，造成粉體速凝劑固化，變得無法進行氣流搬送，因此，僅可保持數小時到1天左右。但，若使用本發明的粉體速凝劑，藉由氧化鋁等的第2粉體材料之存在，阻礙熟石灰等的第1粉體材料之固化，即使連續保持1星期以上，粉體速凝劑也不會固化，能夠在長期間保持可進行氣流搬送之狀態。
藉由圖1的原料搬送手段進行施工試驗。在試驗中，作為耐火組成物使用調整過粒度之鋁氧質原料，添加表1所室的各種粉體速凝劑。粉體速凝劑的添加量係對耐火組成物100質量%，以外部混合添加3質量%。
又，作為粉體速凝劑，作為第1粉體材料使用粒徑為0.075mm以下的熟石灰及鋁酸鈉，作為第2粉體材料使用具有表1所記載的預定粒度分佈之電融氧化鋁。
作為試驗的評價，進行配管內堵塞性與附著率之評價。具有當粉體速凝劑與耐火組成物的混合性提升時，附著率也提升之特性。因此，作為評價項目，進行配管內堵塞性與附著率之評價。具有當粉體速凝劑與耐火組成物的混合性提升時，附著率也提升之特性。因此，作為評價項目，針對附著率也進行評價。具體而言，配管內堵塞性之評價是以粉體速凝劑被氣流搬送之圖1的配管18斷面之因粉體速凝劑所引起的堵塞率進行評價。○是堵塞率0%、△是堵塞率10%以下、×是堵塞率100%。附著率是以「附著率(%)=附著於施工面之施工體的重量/(由噴嘴所吐出的噴吹原料(不定形耐火物)的重量)×100」進行評價。
在此，在施工對向物500mm×500mm的面板、施工溫度900℃、施工流量(經由搬送路徑連接於氣流式原料搬送手段11的未圖示的氣體壓縮機之輸出流
量)4~5(m3
/min)、耐火組成物的搬送速度(m/s)、粉體速凝劑的搬送速度25(m/s)的條件下進行試驗。
圖2係顯示使用圖1的噴吹施工裝置，將粉體速凝劑的熟石灰與電融氧化鋁的質量比設為1：1時，使電融氧化鋁的粒度分佈變化所獲得的施工體之附著率與外觀氣孔率的關係。由圖2可得知，當附著率成為80%以上時，外觀氣孔率在低位穩定，能夠獲得良好的施工體。因此，在總合評價，(1)將配管內堵塞性為○且附著率為80%以上者作為◎，(2)當配管內堵塞性為○或△且附著率為78%以上作為○，(3)當配管內堵塞性為△或×且附著率為78%以下作為×。
[表1]
如表1所示，實施例1~6、實施例8~10及實施例14、15在總合評價皆為◎，獲得良好的結果。
實施例7的總和評價為○，較其他實施例若干差。這應該是由於實施例7係熟石灰與電融氧化鋁的總量中熟石灰所佔的比例為較少的20質量%，故，使耐火組成物硬化的成分不足而附著率若干降低之故。但，實施例7的總和評價為○，較後述的比較例優良，因此，除了在嚴苛的環境以外，為能夠充分實際使用之等級。
實施例11、12及13的總和評價為○，較其他實施例若干差。這應該是由於實施例11、12及13含有超過5mm電融氧化鋁，故堵塞於配管18之傾向變高之故。但，實施例11、12及13的總和評價為○，較後述的比較例優良，因此，除了在嚴苛的環境以外，為能夠充分實際使用之等級。
這應該是比較例1~3均為電融氧化鋁中的粒徑0.1mm以上、5mm以下的粒子之比例低於30質量%，配管堵塞性的評價降低且附著率也降低。又，比較例3之熟石灰與電融氧化鋁的總量中電融氧化鋁所佔的比例為較低的20質量%的事也造成配管堵塞性的評價及附著率降低的原因。
比較例4是粒徑超過0.5mm的粒子在電融氧化鋁中所佔的比例低於5mm質量%。因此，配管堵塞性的評價降低且附著率也降低。
比較例5是在粉體速凝劑中僅含有熟石灰之
例子。在此情況，粉體速凝劑對耐火組成物不易刺入，造成粉體速凝劑與耐火組成物未充分地混合，因此，配管堵塞性及附著率降低。
以上可得知，重要的是第2粉體材料係含有
粒徑超過0.5mm的粒子5質量%且粒徑0.1mm以上的粒子30質量%。再者，第2粉體材料係含有粒徑5mm以下且超過0.5mm的粒子10質量%以上為佳。
又，在實施例，亦有在圖1所記載的速凝劑
供給手段14內，將粉體速凝劑保持1星期以上，但粉體速凝劑未固化，可毫無問題地進行氣流搬送。
本發明的粉體速凝劑係能夠廣分地利用於例如，轉爐、澆桶、高爐、出鐵槽、混鐵爐、電氣爐、2次精煉爐、餵槽、旋轉窯、廢棄物熔融爐、廢棄物灰熔融爐、焚化爐、水泥廠爐、均熱爐、加熱爐等之熔融金屬容器的加襯之修補或為了初期加襯所實施的不定形耐火物之噴吹施工。又，本發明的粉體速凝劑能夠利用於熱施工及冷施工雙方。
1‧‧‧噴吹施工裝置
11‧‧‧氣流式原料搬送手段
12‧‧‧材料拌合手段
13‧‧‧噴嘴
14‧‧‧速凝劑供給手段
15、16、17、18‧‧‧配管
Claims (6)
- 一種粉體速凝劑，係當使用於耐火物的噴吹施工時，透過配管將耐火組成物朝噴嘴進行氣流搬送時，在前述噴嘴或噴嘴正前方藉由氣流搬送添加於前述耐火組成物之粉體速凝劑，其特徵為含有：使前述耐火組成物硬化的第1粉體材料；及作為耐火原料之第2粉體材料，前述第2粉體材料係含有粒徑超過0.5mm的粒子5質量%以上且粒徑0.1mm以上的粒子30質量%以上。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之粉體速凝劑，其中，前述第2粉體材料係含有粒徑5mm以下且超過0.5mm的粒子10質量%以上。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之粉體速凝劑，其中，含有質量比為1：3到3：1的範圍比例之前述第1粉體材料與前述第2粉體材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之粉體速凝劑，其中，前述第1粉體材料係為由熟石灰、鋁酸鹽、矽酸鹽、氫氧化鎂、波特蘭水泥、硫酸礬土、碳酸鈣、氯化鈣、氧化鈣、氫氧化鈣及磷酸鈉所構成的群組中選擇1種或2種以上的材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之粉體速凝劑，其中，前述第2粉體材料係由鋁氧質、矽質、鋁氧-矽質、鋁氧-尖晶石質、鋁氧-苦土質、鋁氧-碳質、鋁氧-碳化矽質、鋁氧-碳化矽-碳質、苦土質、苦土-碳質、碳質、碳化矽質、 氮化矽質、氧化鋯質、氧化鈣質、白雲石質、氧化鉻質、氧化鉻-苦土質、苦土-石灰質及苦土-鋁氧質所構成的群組中選擇1種或2種以上的耐火材料。
- 一種不定形耐火物的噴吹施工方法，使用如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之粉體速凝劑之不定形耐火物的噴吹施工方法，其特徵為：藉由氣流搬送，在噴嘴內或噴嘴正前方的配管內，對透過配管進行氣流搬送並自前述噴嘴吐出的耐火組成物添加前述粉體速凝劑。
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- 2013-07-02 CN CN201380035044.1A patent/CN104507893B/zh active Active
- 2013-07-02 WO PCT/JP2013/068108 patent/WO2014010467A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-07-02 KR KR1020147028223A patent/KR101604259B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001114573A (ja) * | 1999-10-13 | 2001-04-24 | Kurosaki Harima Corp | 耐火物吹付方法および耐火物吹付材 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201418431A (zh) | 2014-05-16 |
| CN104507893A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
| BR112015000361A2 (pt) | 2017-08-22 |
| BR112015000361B1 (pt) | 2021-02-17 |
| CN104507893B (zh) | 2016-05-18 |
| KR101604259B1 (ko) | 2016-03-17 |
| JP5865200B2 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
| KR20140143783A (ko) | 2014-12-17 |
| JP2014015374A (ja) | 2014-01-30 |
| WO2014010467A1 (ja) | 2014-01-16 |
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