TWI496346B - 介質天線以及天線模組 - Google Patents

介質天線以及天線模組 Download PDF

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TWI496346B
TWI496346B TW100149856A TW100149856A TWI496346B TW I496346 B TWI496346 B TW I496346B TW 100149856 A TW100149856 A TW 100149856A TW 100149856 A TW100149856 A TW 100149856A TW I496346 B TWI496346 B TW I496346B
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dielectric
antenna
conductor
region
waveguide
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TW100149856A
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TW201328017A (zh
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Hung Hsuan Lin
Ta Chun Pu
Chun Yih Wu
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Ind Tech Res Inst
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Priority to CN201210062674.5A priority patent/CN103187624B/zh
Priority to US13/491,604 priority patent/US8957819B2/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/24Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave constituted by a dielectric or ferromagnetic rod or pipe
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2223/00Details relating to semiconductor or other solid state devices covered by the group H01L23/00
    • H01L2223/58Structural electrical arrangements for semiconductor devices not otherwise provided for
    • H01L2223/64Impedance arrangements
    • H01L2223/66High-frequency adaptations
    • H01L2223/6661High-frequency adaptations for passive devices
    • H01L2223/6677High-frequency adaptations for passive devices for antenna, e.g. antenna included within housing of semiconductor device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/15Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/16Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • H01L2224/161Disposition
    • H01L2224/16151Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
    • H01L2224/16221Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
    • H01L2224/16225Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
    • H01L2224/16227Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation the bump connector connecting to a bond pad of the item
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/15Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/151Die mounting substrate
    • H01L2924/1517Multilayer substrate
    • H01L2924/15192Resurf arrangement of the internal vias
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/15Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
    • H01L2924/151Die mounting substrate
    • H01L2924/153Connection portion
    • H01L2924/1532Connection portion the connection portion being formed on the die mounting surface of the substrate
    • H01L2924/15321Connection portion the connection portion being formed on the die mounting surface of the substrate being a ball array, e.g. BGA

Description

介質天線以及天線模組
本揭露是有關於一種天線技術,且是相關於介質天線。
天線在無線通訊中是必備元件。隨著無線通訊對於資料傳輸量需求的增加,毫米波頻段具有很大的可用頻寬,例如60GHz頻段可以有7GHz的頻寬,允許通訊上有各種應用。另一方面,由於半導體製程的進步,射頻前端單晶片得以實現。相對於以往使用離散元件所製作的模組,整合晶片可以縮小模組尺寸、降低組裝複雜度,降低成本,並且提供波束切換的重要功能。
以毫米波為例,由於60GHz毫米波在大氣中的傳輸損耗很大,需要較大的有效等向輻射功率(Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power,EIRP)來補足傳輸損耗並達成高速傳輸的需求,EIRP是發射機輸出功率(PTX)與天線增益(Gain)的乘積,即是EIRP=PTx× Gain。然而,目前毫米波頻段矽基半導體功率放大器的最大轉換效率(Power-added efficiency,PAE)多在10%上下,功率輸出也很有限,因此提高天線增益就變成提高EIRP最有效的方法。
天線的尺寸與波長呈比例關係。毫米波的波長較微波短,以60GHz為例,真空中的波長僅約5mm。傳統上, 製作在介電質載板上的一般平板天線(patch antenna)的邊長大約僅2mm,因此製作精度與組裝對準精度的要求會比一般微波頻帶的天線要來得高,而陣列天線的模組由於單元數目多,精度控制的困難度更高。
搭配晶片的天線技術,相對於晶片技術的蓬勃發展,在體積、成本與整合性的考量下,例如一般是使用多層的低溫共燒陶瓷(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic,LTCC)技術製作天線模組。LTCC多層技術可以作為射頻前端晶片的承載板,低損耗的特性可以提供毫米波射頻訊號的走線以及製作平面陣列天線。不過由於LTCC的介電常數較高,例如約5~8之間,且層板厚度較薄,因此傳統單一平板天線的增益僅約4-6dBi左右,其需要較多的單元組成陣列才能達到系統的需求,其常見的陣列數目在16個至64個。
雖然單一平板天線可以利用陣列方式達到較高的功率,但是天線主波束角度可涵蓋範圍不大,較難因應複雜多變的無線通訊使用環境。
本揭露提供一種介質天線,包括多個介質單元、一或多個導體、一或多個連接結構、以及多個訊號饋入結構。每一個該介質單元分為第一區域與第二區域。至少一個導體覆蓋在每一個介質單元的該第二區域的表面,成為一波導結構,該波導結構的第一端與該第一區域相連,以及該 波導結構的第二端是一訊號饋入端。至少一個連接結構連結該至少一個波導結構使成為至少一積體結構,其中該至少一個連接結構的一橫截面寬度小於一臨界尺寸。訊號饋入結構有一端點鄰近該波導結構的該訊號饋入端,用以饋入或接收訊號。
本揭露提供一種介質天線,包括一介質單元與一導體。介質單元分為第一區域與第二區域,該第二區域有一彎折部分。導體覆蓋該第二區域,成為一波導結構,該波導結構的第一端與該第一區域相連,以及該波導結構的第二端是一訊號饋入端。
本揭露提供一種天線模組,包括一載板、多個介質單元、以及一或多個導體。載板包括多個導體層,該些導體層包括第一導體層在載板一面用於接地,該第一導體層包括多個開孔,以及第二導體層,包括多個訊號饋入結構,分別有一端點對應該第一導體層的該些開孔。介質單元分別配置在該第一導體層的該些開孔上方,其中每一個該介質單元分為第一區域與第二區域,至少一個導體覆蓋在該些介質單元的第二區域的表面,分別成為波導結構,每一個波導結構的一訊號饋入端分別對應至該第一導體層的該些開孔其一。訊號饋入結構的端點分別對應波導結構配置,以從每一個波導結構的該訊號饋入端饋入或接收訊號。
為讓本揭露之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式作詳細說明。
本揭露提供的天線採用介質天線(Dielectric Antenna),能與晶片封裝在一起,可適用於譬如毫米波高增益天線模組等。另亦可配合低溫共燒陶瓷技術,製成多層線路載板(carrier)。
本揭露提供介質天線的結構以及其所組成的天線模組,可以易於組裝達到精度需求,另外也允許可以有多種發射角度的組合,達到因應使用環境的多樣裝置的位置變化有較容易的操作效率。
本揭露提供的天線模組的構造簡單,單元密度高,可與現有平面載板整合,而天線單元增益高,實施時並可隨需求調整。例如,天線結構可彎折角度改變天線波束方向,可以配合相位陣列或是切換天線陣列或群組的架構來滿足不同的波束範圍規劃有利於與薄型裝置整合。
天線單元結合了波導結構與介質單元(即輻射體),實施時可將天線單元往垂直的方向延展,以達到高密集度以及與平面載板整合的需求。介質單元的增益隨長度增加,可以增加天線單元增益。而波導結構可彎折且保持低損耗的特性,不受限於現有技術在整合天線基礎波束角度的束縛。天線模組結構也可能使用塑膠射出成形等的方式來製作,使能量產與降低成本。
以下舉一些實施範例來說明,但是本揭露不限於所舉的實施例。另外所舉的一些實施例之間也允許有適當的結合。
圖1繪示依據本揭露一實施例天線模組的剖面示意 圖。參閱圖1,天線模組包括載板100以及設置在載板100上的介質天線110。本實施例之介質天線110是由具有彎折的多個介質單元120所構成的陣列,其較詳細的結構會描述於圖3,而一些實施例中介質天線110可為單一介質單元120所構成。此實施例中由多個介質單元120所構成的陣列結構,可一次將多個介質單元120即介質天線110與載板100組裝,使介質天線110較易配置到載板100上的預定位置。載板100具有多個導體層,其中包括作為接地的導體層102(第一導體層),以及作為訊號饋入的導體層104(第二導體層)。位於載板100一面的導體層102的結構包括有多個開孔106,導體層104具有多個訊號饋入結構104’,訊號饋入結構104’分別有一端點104”對應開孔106。多個介質單元120分別配置在開孔106上方,介質單元120會與開孔106對位,而訊號饋入結構104’將訊號透過開孔106而饋入介質單元120。
一實施例中載板100可至少具有第三導體層105及第四導體層107,第一導體層102及第三導體層105以第一導體柱108電性連接,第二導體層104及第四導體層107以第二導體柱109電性連接。於第二導體層104之訊號饋入結構104’經由載板100內之至少一導體層與至少一導體柱113可構成一訊號傳輸路徑與連接端點114相連接。
載板100的另一面可經由連接端點114與至少一晶片116連接整合,以與介質單元120電性連接,能夠經由訊號饋入結構104’饋入訊號且依照介質單元120決定天線波 束方向。至少一晶片116可為例如含有射頻模組之晶片、射頻晶片(Radio Frequency IC/Chip)、或前述晶片與其他任何性能晶片之組合等。載板100也可以有其它的連接端點112,作為與其它電路連接。在連接端點112與連接端點114一般會有銲接結構115,於此圖例中為錫球,以電性連接其它電路板上。
圖2繪示依據本揭露一實施例天線模組組裝後的剖面結構示意圖。參閱圖2,介質天線110可以對應開孔106的位置設置於載板100上。介質天線110例如可利用塑料射出成型的技術將多個介質單元120對應至開孔106所要的位置成為一積體結構。
圖3繪示依據本揭露一實施例介質天線的立體結構示意圖,其中介質天線110可為介質柱狀天線(Dielectric Rod Antenna,DRA),但可實施方式並不限於此。圖4繪示依據本揭露一實施例之介質天線的結構的剖面示意圖。參閱圖3與圖4,包括至少一個介質單元120,介質單元120可以分為第一區域121與第二區域122。第二區域122可有一彎折部分。另外,以一或多個導體覆蓋在介質單元120的第二區域122的表面,形成一波導結構122’,波導結構122’的第一端與第一區域121相連,波導結構122’的第二端是一訊號饋入端123,對應至第一導體層102的該些開孔106其一。當圖1的訊號饋入結構104’將訊號饋入到波導結構122’之訊號饋入端123後,由第二區域122將電磁能量導入第一區域121,電磁波經由介質單元的第一區域121輻 射出去。訊號饋入結構104’的端點104”鄰近該波導結構的訊號饋入端123,分別對應該些波導結構122’配置,以從該些波導結構122’的訊號饋入端123饋入或接收訊號。
由於介質單元120可有彎折的部分,藉由不同彎折的角度可以達到不同的天線波束方向。由多個介質單元120組成天線陣列,可提高天線的指向性。而每一個介質單元120的波導結構之訊號饋入端對位組裝到如圖1的開孔106位置。當介質天線110的介質單元120的數量與之間的密度增加時,就組裝與製造上,亦不排除單一介質單元120可分別組裝,但是如果是個別組裝,其至少需要分別對位。
本揭露更提出由介質單元120所構成的天線模組110一實施例。可利用一或多個連接結構124將介質天線110的一或多個的介質單元120連接一起形成至少一積體結構,此實施例中結構上是單一的積體結構,因此組裝到載板100時,此實施例僅要一次對位可簡化組裝複雜度。於此關於圖4的連接結構124需要附加說明,其僅是示意圖以表示與第二區域122的連接關係,其在圖3對應圖4的剖面上是不會看到連接結構124。
另外在圖4中,介質單元120的第二區域122被一或多個導體覆蓋。在一些實施例中覆蓋導體也可以覆蓋連接結構124的部分表面或是全部表面,其例如其中的分圖(a)~(d)所示。連接結構可使用一或多個導體覆蓋,或者覆蓋第二區域的導體亦可以延伸覆蓋連接結構。另外,介質單元120在訊號饋入端的表面也可以有至少一凹曲的形狀 (圖中未顯示),作為匹配調整之用。
介質天線110包含連接結構124例如也可以採用陶瓷被動元件的製程或是塑料射出成型的技術同時完成多個介質單元120的製造。一實施例中連接結構124的橫截面的最大尺寸小於或等於一臨界值(以下稱為臨界尺寸),以有效降低相鄰連接的介質單元120電磁能量耦合。臨界尺寸的大小不大於操作波長的半波長。本實施例的臨界尺寸的大小例如是相對操作波長的半波長,於圖7有較詳細的實施例描述。
圖5繪示依據本揭露一未包括連接結構之實施例,當第二區域122具一90度彎折區域輻射場形模擬圖。參閱圖5,如果第二區域122包含一彎折區域,其天線主波束與第一區域軸向平行,且指向性較高。彎折區域的曲率半徑可例如約為2mm,相對於5mm的操作波長僅為0.4λ。
圖6繪示依據本揭露一未包括連接結構之實施例,當第二區域122未具彎折區域的輻射場形模擬圖。參閱圖6,第一區域具彎折90度結構,第二區域未具彎折結構。於此狀況,天線主波束並未能集中於第一區域直線段軸向(-x方向)且指向性較圖5實施例低。
介質單元120的橫截面的幾何形狀,可不限定形狀,其例如是方形、矩型、圓形、橢圓或其他形狀等也可以。
可用不同方式將相鄰或不相鄰的二個或二個以上介質單元120之間利用一或多個連接結構124連接構成一體。圖7繪示依據本揭露一實施例,相鄰二個介質單元之 間的連接結構示意圖。連接結構124與第二區域122的材料亦可相同,因此例如可是以一體成型的製程完成。連接結構124的橫截面例如是方形、矩形、圓形、或是其它的形狀等,以達到機械上的一體。連接結構124除了有助於簡易製造成陣列的結構,也可以方便組裝到載板時的對位。
此外,連接結構124的連結方式並不以此為限,亦可交叉連結、跳躍連結或任意選擇連結二個或二個以上之介質單元120,譬如說連結排列第偶數號或排列第奇數號之介質單元120。
由於連接結構124仍會有導波的效果,因此可能會產生兩介質單元120之間電磁能量耦合。但是如果連接結構124的最大橫截寬度小於臨界尺寸,則連接結構124在該頻段為止帶(stop-band)無法傳播電磁能量,可以減少這些導波結構之間的電磁能量耦合。此外,能量耦合的問題可以藉由控制連接結構124橫截面寬度的大小而解決。也就是說,連接結構124配合適當尺寸可以減少電磁能量從多個波導結構分別的單一個洩漏。
天線模組其中各子群或各介質單元120的彎折方式可以有多種變化而達到不同角度上的多個波束,各子群組或各介質單元120的波束角度可以不一致,使分別指向不同方向。
圖8A-8C繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組的彎折方式示意圖。參閱圖8A,以連接結構124的直線延伸方向為x軸,介質單元120第一區域的軸向以虛線表示,其可 以與x軸及z軸分別具一夾角ψ及θ。又,於此的彎折角度θ是以90度為例,而夾角ψ是在水平平面上的變化。於此實施例,夾角ψ也是90度。參閱圖8B不同第一區域的延伸方向實施例,其夾角ψ可以偏離90度。於此實施例,夾角ψ是以小於90度為例。參閱圖8C,其為具不同數目介質單元120組成之介質天線110。也就是說,介質單元120第一區域的延伸方向及介質單元數目可依實際需要來設計。
圖9A-9C繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組的彎折方式示意圖。參閱圖9A,以連接結構124的直線延伸方向為x軸,介質單元120第一區域的軸向以虛線表示,與x軸及z軸分別具一夾角ψ及θ。又,於此的彎折角度ψ是以90度為例,而夾角θ是在垂直平面上變化,以夾角θ小於90度為例。參閱圖9B,其夾角θ是以90度為例。參閱圖9C其夾角θ是以大於90度為例。於圖9A-9C的實施例,介質單元120第一區域的延伸方向分別與z軸具不同夾角。
換句話說,介質天線110主波束方向可藉由第二區域122其彎折角度以及與連接結構124夾角決定。
就更進一步的應用,一介質天線110內介質單元120可分為多子群組,其每一個子群組分別對應一波束角度,如此天線模組可以有多個波束角度,或單一介質天線110僅對應至一波束角度,而載板100多個天線群組,上述兩形式皆可達成多波束方向操作的需求。
圖10繪示依據本揭露一實施例,單一載板配置多個天線群組的系統應用示意圖。參閱圖10,此架構例如是具有四個方向的波束,而設置在投影機上。如此,投影機可以在四個波束方向與其它的裝置無線連接。由於投影機允許有四個波束的方向進行資料通訊,增加環境配置的靈活度。於此實施例,四個波束的天線群組分別由四個一致彎折的天線陣列所達成。然而並不限於此,這不是唯一的可實施方式。
圖11繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組具有多個波束的系統應用示意圖。參閱圖11,對於同一個天線群組也可以有不同彎折方向陣列所組成。如此在相同的操作位置上可同時與多個不同裝置達成無線連接,構成直接互通的網路型態。
圖12繪示依據本揭露一實施例,連接結構達成一群組的機制示意圖。參閱圖12,不管介質單元120是否有彎折,連接結構124都可以用來與第二區域122連接達到積體結構。本實施例僅就第二區域122連接結構124達到陣列的結構。陣列結構不限一維的分佈,其可以是二維分佈的陣列或是其陣列方式。這是由於連接結構124所提供的方便性。
另外,在第二區域122可以都具有彎折結構又或是由彎折與直線的第二區域122的混合所組成。換句話說,第二區域122不必全部都是有彎折。而彎折部分也可以是一致的一彎折角度或是不全部一致的多個彎折角度。
圖13A~13E繪示依據本揭露不同實施例,介質天線配合連接結構方式示意圖。參閱圖13A,介質單元120的第二區域122配合連接結構124達到陣列的整體結構。於此實施例,第二區域122無需有彎折。
接著參閱圖13B,介質單元120配合連接結構124達到陣列的整體結構,而第二區域122可以是由直線區域與彎曲區域的組合。又參閱圖13C,介質單元120配合連接結構124達到陣列的整體結構,而第二區域122可以是彎曲結構,沒有直線區域。參閱圖13D,介質單元120配合連接結構124達到陣列的整體結構,其第二區域122除了如圖13B-13C的變化,介質單元120的偏轉方向可以不是一致,分別指向不同方向。又參閱圖13E,以兩個分別的天線陣列組成一個較大的整體天線陣列,其分別的天線陣列的指向方向可以不同。
換句話說,根據前述介質柱狀體120的實施例的各種變化組合,可以組成具有多個指向性波束的天線模組。
圖14A-14D繪示依據本揭露一實施例介質單元120與載板的連接機制的立體透示意圖,以及上視及側視透視示意圖。參閱圖14A-14D實施例,接地的導體層102於本實施例是在表面,也就是深度140a相對表面是零。於本實施例,多個導體柱200埋入在載板100內,其上下兩端的位置是處於深度140a、140b,而訊號饋入結構104’的深度是在其間的深度140c。當導體柱200的間距小於一個程度,於操作頻段下可視為一完整導體面。如此,在作為訊號饋 入的導體層104饋入的電磁訊號能順利被導入介質單元120。
多個導體柱200分佈環繞訊號饋入結構104’的端點104”,該些導體柱200是接地且垂直於訊號饋入結構104’的一延伸面。一實施例中載板100並可至少具有第三導體層105及第四導體層107,第一導體層102及第三導體層105以第一導體柱108電性連接,第二導體層104及第四導體層107以第二導體柱109電性連接。
圖15繪示依據本揭露一實施例天線模組組裝後的剖面結構示意圖。參閱圖15,如果天線模組是由多個天線陣列300、302所組成,其也可以由相同的晶片所控制。利用載板的多層導體層的結構達到電性連接。晶片的位置也依照設計的電路,由於載板的多層特性,可以設置在載板的適當位置。
一般而言,介質單元120的第一區域,其長短與形狀,可以依照所需要的輻射強度與指向需求而變化,不限於特定的幾何形狀。第二區域如果是採用有彎折的結構,其曲率半徑也可以依實際需求做調整。就連接結構124而言,其將各種介質單元120組合達到整體的結構,易於組裝減少對位的複雜性。
雖然已以實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本揭露,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本揭露之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,故發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
100‧‧‧載板
102‧‧‧第一導體層
104‧‧‧第二導體層
104’‧‧‧訊號饋入結構
104”‧‧‧端點
105‧‧‧第三導體層
106‧‧‧開孔
107‧‧‧第四導體層
108‧‧‧第一導體柱
109‧‧‧第二導體柱
110‧‧‧介質天線
112‧‧‧連接端點
113‧‧‧導體柱
114‧‧‧連接端點
115‧‧‧銲接結構
116‧‧‧晶片
120‧‧‧介質單元
121‧‧‧介質單元第一區
122‧‧‧介質單元第二區
122’‧‧‧波導結構
123‧‧‧訊號饋入端
124‧‧‧連接結構
140a、140b、140c‧‧‧深度
200‧‧‧導體柱
300、302‧‧‧天線陣列
圖1繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組的剖面示意圖。
圖2繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組組裝後的剖面結構示意圖。
圖3繪示依據本揭露一實施例,介質天線的立體結構示意圖。
圖4繪示依據本揭露一實施例,介質天線的結構的剖面示意圖。
圖5繪示依據本揭露一實施例,當波導結構有覆蓋到彎折區域的角度輻射圖案示意圖。
圖6繪示依據本揭露一實施例,當波導結構沒有覆蓋到彎折區域的角度輻射圖案示意圖。
圖7繪示依據本揭露一實施例,相鄰二個介質單元之間的連接結構示意圖。
圖8A-8C繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組的彎折機制示意圖。
圖9A-9C繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組的彎折機制示意圖。
圖10繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組具有多個波束的系統應用示意圖。
圖11繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組具有多個波束的系統應用示意圖。
圖12繪示依據本揭露一實施例,連接結構達成一群 組的機制示意圖。
圖13A-13E繪示依據本揭露一實施例,介質天線配合連接結構方式示意圖。
圖14A-14D繪示依據本揭露一實施例,介質單元與載板的連接機制的立體透示意圖以及上視及側視透視示意圖。
圖15繪示依據本揭露一實施例,天線模組組裝後的剖面結構示意圖。
100‧‧‧載板
102‧‧‧第一導體層
104‧‧‧第二導體層
104’‧‧‧訊號饋入結構
104”‧‧‧端點
105‧‧‧第三導體層
106‧‧‧開孔
107‧‧‧第四導體層
108‧‧‧第一導體柱
109‧‧‧第二導體柱
120‧‧‧介質單元
110‧‧‧天線模組
112‧‧‧連接端點
113‧‧‧導體柱
114‧‧‧連接端點
115‧‧‧銲接結構
116‧‧‧晶片
123‧‧‧訊號饋入端

Claims (17)

  1. 一種介質天線,包括:多個介質單元,每一個該介質單元分為第一區域與第二區域;至少一個導體,覆蓋在每一個該多個介質單元的該第二區域的表面以形成一波導結構,該波導結構的第一端與該第一區域相連,該波導結構的第二端是一訊號饋入端;至少一個連接結構,連結該至少一個波導結構使成為至少一積體結構,其中該至少一個連接結構的一橫截面寬度小於一臨界尺寸;以及一訊號饋入結構,有一端點鄰近該波導結構的該訊號饋入端,用以饋入或接收訊號。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之介質天線,其中一或多個該第二區域有一彎折部分。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之介質天線結構,其中該些介質單元分為多個群組,其中每一個個別的該群組有多個波束角度。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之介質天線,其中該臨界尺寸不大於一操作訊號的半波長。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之介質天線,更包括多個導體柱分佈環繞該訊號饋入結構的該端點,該多個導體柱是接地且垂直於該訊號饋入結構的一延伸面。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之介質天線,其中該至少一個導體覆蓋該至少一個連接結構的一部分表面或全部 表面。
  7. 一種介質天線,包括:一介質單元,分為第一區域與第二區域,該第二區域有一彎折部分;以及一導體,覆蓋該第二區域包括該彎折部分的一表面,使成為一波導結構,該波導結構的第一端與該第一區域相連,該波導結構的第二端是一訊號饋入端。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之介質天線,更包括:一訊號饋入結構,有一端點鄰近該波導結構的該訊號饋入端,用以饋入或接收訊號;以及多個導體柱分佈環繞該訊號饋入結構的該端,該些導體柱是接地且垂直於該號饋入結構的一延伸面。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之介質天線,更包括:一連接結構,該連接結構與於該波導結構相連,其中該連接結構的一橫截面寬度小於一臨界尺寸。
  10. 一種天線模組,包括:一載板,包括多個導體層,該些導體層包括:第一導體層,在載板一面用於接地,其中該第一導體層包括多個開孔;以及第二導體層,包括多個訊號饋入結構,分別有一端點對應該第一導體層的該些開孔的其一;多個介質單元,分別配置在該第一導體層的該些開孔上方,其中每一個該介質單元分為第一區域與第二區域;以及 至少一個導體,覆蓋在該等介質單元的該第二區域的表面成為一波導結構,每一個該波導結構的一訊號饋入端分別對應至該第一導體層的該些開孔其一,其中該些訊號饋入結構的該端點分別與對應的該波導結構配置,以從每一個該波導結構的該訊號饋入端饋入或接收訊號。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之天線模組,其中一或多個該介質單元的該第二區域有一彎折部分。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之天線模組,更包括多個導體柱分佈環繞該些訊號饋入結構的該端點。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之天線模組,更包括至少一個連接結構,連接該些波導結構構成至少一積體結構,該至少一個連接結構的一橫截面寬度小於一臨界尺寸。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第13項所述之天線模組,其中該臨界尺寸不大於一操作訊號的半波長。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之天線模組,其中該多個該些介質單元分為多個群組,其中每一個該群組分別有不同的波束角度。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之天線模組,其中該些介質單元構分佈成一陣列。
  17. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之天線模組,更包括至少一積體電路晶片,經由該載板與該些介質單元電性連接。
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