TWI479066B - 製造造紙機用及工業用織物接縫之方法以及由該方法製造之接縫 - Google Patents

製造造紙機用及工業用織物接縫之方法以及由該方法製造之接縫 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI479066B
TWI479066B TW098129049A TW98129049A TWI479066B TW I479066 B TWI479066 B TW I479066B TW 098129049 A TW098129049 A TW 098129049A TW 98129049 A TW98129049 A TW 98129049A TW I479066 B TWI479066 B TW I479066B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
seam
fabric
coils
yarn
absorbing material
Prior art date
Application number
TW098129049A
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English (en)
Other versions
TW201024500A (en
Inventor
Robert Hansen
Dana Eagles
Lennart Olsson
Original Assignee
Albany Int Corp
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Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/231,669 external-priority patent/US8062480B2/en
Application filed by Albany Int Corp filed Critical Albany Int Corp
Publication of TW201024500A publication Critical patent/TW201024500A/zh
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Publication of TWI479066B publication Critical patent/TWI479066B/zh

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06H—MARKING, INSPECTING, SEAMING OR SEVERING TEXTILE MATERIALS
    • D06H5/00—Seaming textile materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
    • D21F1/0054—Seams thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/1683—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/564—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined hidden in the joint, e.g. dowels or Z-pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/69—General aspects of joining filaments 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/729—Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B29C65/1638—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding focusing the laser beam on the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1696—Laser beams making use of masks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8207—Testing the joint by mechanical methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8253—Testing the joint by the use of waves or particle radiation, e.g. visual examination, scanning electron microscopy, or X-rays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/026—Chemical pre-treatments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
    • Y10S162/904—Paper making and fiber liberation with specified seam structure of papermaking belt

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

製造造紙機用及工業用織物接縫之方法以及由該方法製造之接縫 參考相關申請案
此申請案係為2008年9月4日提中的美國專利申請案12/231,669之部分接續申請案且對其主張優先權，其整體揭示被合併於本文中以供參考。
發明領域
此處揭露的本發明係有關使用雷射能來熔接或熔合造紙機布(PMC)以及其他工業用及工程化織物中的選定區位之技術。
引用併入
此處引用的所有專利案、專利申請案、文件及/或參考物皆被合併於本文中以供參考並可用來實行本發明。
 發明背景
本發明係有關造紙技術，包括使用於造紙機的成形、壓抵及乾燥段中之織物及皮帶，且概括有關工業用加工織物及皮帶、TAD織物、工程化織物及皮帶、以及波褶器皮帶。
此處所指的織物及皮帶係可包括亦用來製造下列物件及其他物件之織物及皮帶：諸如紙及紙板等濕置式產品(wetlaid products)、及藉由貫穿空氣乾燥方法製成的衛生紙與紙巾產品；用來製造波褶狀紙板之波褶器皮帶以及用來製造濕置式及乾置式漿料之工程化織物；有關於造紙的方法中所使用之織物及皮帶，諸如使用濘漿濾器及化學清洗器之織物及皮帶；使用於製造水刺纏結(濕製程)、融噴、紡黏、氣置或針刺所產生的非織造物之織物及皮帶。此等織物及皮帶係包括但不限於：用於製造非織造物的方法中之浮雕、傳送與支撐織物及皮帶；過濾織物及過濾布；及用於諸如軋光及皮革韖製等紡織修製方法之織物及皮帶。
此等皮帶及織物係承受到需對其考慮功能性特徵之廣泛不同狀況。譬如，造紙方法期間，藉由將一纖維性漿體-亦即纖維素纖維的水性散佈物沉積至一造紙機的成形段中之一移動的成形織物上來形成一纖維素纖維性網膜。經由成形織物從漿體瀝排大量的水，而在成形織物表面上留下纖維素纖維性網膜。
應可瞭解，諸如成形織物、壓抵織物及乾燥器織物等造紙機布(PMC)之類的這些工業用織物皆在造紙機上採行無盡線圈的形式並以傳送器方式運作。
此等織物結構通常係由合成纖維及紗線構成，譬如，其可能是單絲或利用諸如織造等習見紡織物加工方法之合股及/或疊合/捻合的不只一絲所製成之紗線。紗線亦可被編織或編結。常想要選擇性地訂製織物結構以影響或增強譬如對於造紙機而言重要的效能特徵，諸如織物壽命、薄片形成、可運行性(runnability)或紙性質。
這些織物其中許多係為機上可接縫式(on machine seamable)，亦即織物可根據所想要的維度予以織造且可被安裝在機器上使得織物的交叉機器方向(CD)邊緣可被接縫於造紙機本身上。在壓抵織物的案例中，通常藉由使織物的CD邊緣上之機器方向(MD)紗線形成的接縫線圈呈現交錯指型、且將一心銷插入交錯指型接縫線圈所形成的通路中來進行此作用。一種用於製造機上可接縫式織物之方法係稱為“經修改的無盡織造”，其中織物被織造於一連續線圈中且被修改以呈現機上可接縫形式。此織物中，經紗紗線係位於交叉機器方向而緯紗紗線位於機器方向。織物在織造機上織造之後，織物的寬度方向邊緣或CD邊緣在造紙機上被合併且緯紗紗線所形成的MD接縫線圈呈現交錯指型，並藉由將一心銷插入交錯指型接縫線圈所形成之通路內來縫合兩邊緣。
另一方法係利用平織一織物、解開部分CD紗線、及在MD紗線中織回以在各織物邊緣上形成線圈，藉以製造一經織入的線圈接縫或銷接縫。線圈可呈現交錯指型，且織物可如上述被接縫。第三方法係使用一用於形成接縫線圈之MD紗線陣列來製造一非織造織物結構。此方法中，一或多層之單一紗線將沿兩個分開的平行輥被捲繞。紗線以螺旋方式捲繞(紗線對於最終織物的MD呈一略微角度)直到抵達織物的所想要寬度為止。輥之間的距離可依據使用中之織物的所需要MD長度而變。類似的方法及織物係譬如揭露於共同擁有之達文珀特(Davenport)的美國專利案6,491,794及伊苟思(Eagles)的美國專利申請案公告2005/0102763中，其整體內容被合併於本文中以供參考。
用於製造機上可接縫式織物之又另一方法係製造一經接縫的多軸式織物，諸如共同擁有之佑克(Yook)的美國專利案5,939,176中所揭露者，其整體內容被合併於本文中以供參考。
部分織物中，具有不只一股或絲的紡織物疊製/捻製紗線係使用於MD中而非單一單絲中。當MD紗線未被CD紗線所錨固之時，在非織造陣列中特別需要此作用。此等多股紗線係提供經改良的彈力及強度並可解決單一單絲的拉力及疲勞問題。然而，當試圖從這些MD紗線形成用於一“銷接縫”之線圈時，將遭遇嚴重問題。依此形成的線圈傾向於在頂點處變形或喪失其相對平行性。此外，試圖使線圈呈現交錯指型及/或強迫一心銷通過交錯指型線圈所形成的通路時，整體線圈將很容易變形或彎折。
由於稱為次級螺旋效應(secondary helix effect)的現象而產生另一問題。理想上，銷接縫線圈當其平面垂直於織物平面且平行於機器方向時，銷接縫線圈係被妥當地定向。此定向可以在織物端點接合形成一銷接縫期間使得位於織物各端點的線圈容易呈現交錯指型及交錯。諸如第1圖所示，在從具有不只一股的一疊製/捻製紗線12形成之一線圈10中傾向於沿一位居線圈平面中的軸線作彎轉之現象中，觀察到次級螺旋效應。發生此作用時，其代表線圈背離了形成銷接縫所需要的理想定向。此背離將無法或難以使得織物各端點上的線圈在閉合期間妥當地呈現交錯指型及交錯，及強迫心銷通過交錯指型線圈所生成之空隙。一般而言，接縫線圈10在裝設之前係利用一穩定化元件16維持其定向，穩定化元件16譬如為一螺旋線圈，諸如共同擁有之寇涅特(Kornett)的美國專利案7,393,434中所揭露者，且顯示於第2圖中。然而，一旦移除穩定化元件以裝設織物，則接縫線圈將由於次級螺旋效應而放鬆其定向。因此，任何由具有不只一股的疊製/捻製紗線所形成之機上可接縫式織物均將有線圈對準及定向/平行性的問題。
 發明概要
為此，本發明的主旨係在於：特別是在織物的“銷”接縫區域中藉由聚焦的雷射能之合成聚合紗線股的熔合或熔接，而不造成紗線性質的可察覺損失；紗線尺寸及/或形狀的重大變更；具有一呈現如同織物體部的性質之接縫；以及若接縫區域在MD中比正常使用者更短，當裝設及使用於造紙機或其他工業用機器時，強度足以讓織物運轉一段有效壽命。
令人驚訝地，如下文所述利用本發明之目的來克服該技藝的缺陷：本發明之一目的係提供一用於造紙機用或其他工業用織物或皮帶之經改良的接縫。
另一目的係提供一用於造紙機用或其他工業用織物或皮帶之經改良的接縫，其具有實質與織物體部相同的諸如強度、耐久度、開放性等性質及其他性質。
本發明另一目的係能夠具有由於無法利用習見接縫技術製成具有適當強度的接縫而尚未被商品化之織物設計。
本發明另一目的係在所想要區位提供適當材料，其將作為雷射能吸收器。
本發明另一目的係提供一將適當雷射能吸收材料施加及/或併入所想要區位中之方法。
本發明另一目的係為降低或消除由具有不只一股的紗線所形成之機上可接縫式織物的接縫線圈中之變形、解捻、定向及次級螺旋的議題。
圖式簡單說明
現在將參照圖式以完整細節描述本發明，其中類似的編號代表類似的元件及部份，如下述：第1圖為一機上可接縫式織物中之一線圈接縫的照片；第2圖為在一機上可接縫式織物上藉由一穩定化元件被穩定化之一線圈接縫的照片；第3圖為根據本發明的一實施例之一機上可接縫式織物的照片；第4圖為根據本發明的一實施例之一機上可接縫式織物的示意圖；及第5圖為根據本發明的一實施例之一機上可接縫式織物的示意圖。
 較佳實施例之詳細說明
本發明係有關利用雷射能來改良機上可接縫式造紙機布及其他工業用織物中之接縫的技術。本發明確切來說係有關改良造紙機的成形、壓抵及乾燥段中所使用的織物或皮帶、工業用加工織物及皮帶、TAD織物、工程化織物及波褶器皮帶中之接縫的技術。並且，此處所指的織物及皮帶亦可包括也用來製造下列物件及其他物件之織物及皮帶：諸如紙及紙板等濕置式產品(wetlaid product)、及藉由貫穿空氣乾燥方法製成的衛生紙與紙巾產品；用來製造波褶狀紙板之波褶器皮帶以及用來製造濕置式及乾置式漿料之工程化織物；有關於造紙的方法中所使用之織物及皮帶，諸如使用濘漿濾器及化學清洗器之織物及皮帶；使用於製造水刺纏結(濕製程)、融噴、紡黏、氣置或針刺所產生的非織造物之織物及皮帶。此等織物及皮帶係包括但不限於：用於製造非織造物的方法中之浮雕、傳送與支撐織物及皮帶；過濾織物及過濾布；及用於諸如軋光及皮革韖製等紡織修製方法之織物及皮帶。
本發明亦有關使用此經改良的接縫所製成之織物。
本發明亦有關一用於製造此經改良的接縫之方法。
可藉由此處描述的雷射熔接技術來改良譬如通常已知的銷接縫或直列螺紋式接縫等大部份或所有類型的接縫，該等接縫原本亦需將MD紗線重新織造至織物體部中且因此有可能因紗線滑移及拉出而失效。此等接縫中，用於形成接縫線圈本身之MD紗線可額外地被熔接或熔合至CD紗線以防止其在使用中的操作拉力下被拉出。
本發明係有關將一雷射吸收材料施加於一機上可接縫式織物中的接縫線圈上。請注意若不施加雷射吸收材料，其亦可在擠製期間被併入一或多個用於構成紗線的股中。一機上可接縫式織物100中之接縫線圈160可從具有不只一股的合股或疊製/捻製紗線形成。織物100可為一經修改的無盡織造織物，或者可利用平織該織物、解開部分CD紗線、及在MD紗線中織回以在各織物邊緣上形成線圈使該織物具有一經織入線圈接縫或銷接縫。織物100亦可為一使用一用於形成接縫線圈160的MD紗線陣列之經接縫非織造織物結構，如第3圖所示。接縫線圈160可由具有不只一股之一MD紗線陣列的合股或疊製/捻製紗線形成，並可包括未與MD紗線織造、而是放置在MD紗線陣列層上方、下方或嵌夾其間之一或多層的CD紗線150。
MD紗線陣列可根據共同擁有之達文珀特(Davenport)的美國專利案6,491,794及伊苟思(Eagles)的美國專利申請案公告2005/0102763中所揭露方法予以形成，其整體內容被合併於本文中以供參考。譬如，織物200可具有一扁平化陣列的複數個彎圈之一經螺紋捲繞、非重疊紗線16，其具有一或多層之複數個個別紗線股，諸如第4圖所示者。複數個彎圈各者中的紗線16可在兩層的各者中具有一實質呈長度方向的定向且可沿著兩寬度方向的邊緣各者形成複數個接縫線圈34、36。心銷38可被導引經過交錯指型線圈36所形成的通道以在接縫40處將端點32彼此接合，如第4圖所示。
亦可根據共同擁有之佑克(Yook)的美國專利案5,939,176所揭露之方法來製造織物，其整體內容被合併於本文中以供參考。譬如，織物60可為一機上可接縫式多軸壓抵織物，諸如第5圖所示者。織物60可具有由一無盡基底織物層製成之一第一織物疊體44及一第二織物疊體42。無盡基底織物層可從一可被螺紋捲繞在複數個鄰接彎圈中之織物條帶形成，其中彎圈的側向邊緣彼此抵靠，藉以形成一用於分離織物條帶的相鄰彎圈之螺旋狀連續接縫。無盡基底織物層可被扁平化以產生第一織物疊體44及第二織物疊體42並可沿著兩個寬度方向的邊緣在摺疊處彼此連接。可在兩寬度方向的邊緣於各摺疊處移除織物條帶的各彎圈中之一或多個交叉方向的紗線，以提供摺疊處之織物條帶的長度方向紗線之未束縛段。未束縛段係作為接縫線圈56以將扁平化的基底織物層的寬度方向邊緣彼此接合以形成一無盡線圈。如第5圖所示，一心銷58被導引通過交錯指型接縫線圈56所界定的通道以將扁平化的基底織物層22的兩寬度方向邊緣36彼此接合，藉以形成一用於一機上可接縫式多軸壓抵織物之二疊體基底織物60。然而，請注意，’176專利案所揭露的雙重長度翻摺方法係可施用於織造結構以及材料的螺旋捲繞條帶所形成之結構，亦即經接縫的多軸織物。
所有這些範例中，雷射染料或雷射吸收材料係被施加至具有本身不只一股的MD紗線所形成之接縫線圈160上且亦施加至緊鄰於接縫線圈之織物主體部中的區域上。使用水性染料的一優點係在於：染料較容易移徙至位於構成紗線的股之間的間隙；然而，亦可使用非水性染料。只是可藉由將雷射源聚焦於接縫線圈造成用於構成紗線接縫線圈之股(其將使紗線的作用更像是單一單絲)產生部份融化及永久性熔接或熔合，使得接縫線圈曝露於雷射能。這將大幅度減輕這些紗線所形成的機上可接縫式織物中之接縫線圈產生變形、解捻、定向及次級螺旋之議題。織物被接縫之前可將雷射染料或雷射吸收材料以塗覆物施加在接縫線圈上使得接縫織物穩定化。雷射染料可為以溶劑為基礎或以水性為基礎的染料。雷射染料可譬如為來自美國染料源公司(American Dye Source Inc.)的染料、或是黑墨水的稀釋物或適合該用途的任何其他材料。
在MD及CD紗線並未彼此織造、或不存在CD紗線之機上可接縫式織物中，上述方法可提供雙重目的。此等織物中的MD紗線由於織物結構的“非織造”本質而不具有充分摺縐，因此在一經接縫非織造結構中，使用單絲形成MD線圈將可能導致紗線破壞，且造成一種稱為“義大利麵(spaghetti)”的現象。紗線或紗線分段將移徙出織物外造成安全性及/或操作性問題。本方法利用具有不只一股的紗線來避免紗線破壞，該股通常可細達6.7dtex(6丹尼爾)且大到0.60mm(0.024in)。這些紗線藉由熔合用於構成紗線的股使得紗線的作用更像是單一單絲，來對於織物提供所需要的撓性及強度並同時減輕變形、解捻、定向及次級螺紋的問題。
然而，必須注意，所有上述結構中，織物的體部可受到遮罩所以只有接縫區域或工作區域可被曝露於雷射能。若雷射吸收染料在擠製期間被併入一或多個股中而非只位居接縫線圈上，這將特別適用。
在接縫線圈本身上使用雷射染料之一優點係在於：由於用來形成線圈的經疊製/捻製紗線受到勁化使其可保持其形狀且未解捻並維持其相對平行性，導致線圈具有妥當對準。
如上述，產生熔接的另一途徑係亦利用一雷射染料或雷射顏料。此案例中，雷射染料或雷射顏料係散佈於包含紗線股的材料中。一般來說，雷射染料或雷射顏料的濃度小於0.4%。由於出現雷射染料或雷射顏料而容許產生一“能量吸收”紗線股，其以接縫線圈處所施加的能量源頻率將股熔合在一起而具有上述優點。較佳地，使用一雷射能量源作為雷射的方式係設計用來將精密量值的能量傳送至特定區位。
雷射能吸收材料存在有許多選擇。最早期的範例是炭黑。材料選擇、材料數量及材料區位皆決定了所熔合結合件之生成的特徵。
因此，實現本發明及其目的及優點，且此處雖已詳細揭露及描述較佳實施例，其範圍及目的不因此受限；而是應藉由申請專利範圍界定其範圍。
10,34,160．．．接縫線圈
12．．．疊製/捻製紗線
16．．．穩定化元件，經螺紋捲繞非重疊紗線
22．．．扁平化的基底織物層
32．．．端點
36．．．交錯指型線圈
38,58．．．心銷
40．．．接縫
42．．．第二織物疊體
44．．．第一織物疊體
56．．．交錯指型接縫線圈
60．．．二疊體基底織物
100．．．機上可接縫式織物
150．．．CD紗線
200．．．織物
第1圖為一機上可接縫式織物中之一線圈接縫的照片；
第2圖為在一機上可接縫式織物上藉由一穩定化元件被穩定化之一線圈接縫的照片；
第3圖為根據本發明的一實施例之一機上可接縫式織物的照片；
第4圖為根據本發明的一實施例之一機上可接縫式織物的示意圖；及
第5圖為根據本發明的一實施例之一機上可接縫式織物的示意圖。
32．．．端點
34．．．接縫線圈
36．．．交錯指型線圈
38．．．心銷
40．．．接縫
200．．．織物

Claims (12)

  1. 一種用於熔接或熔合一機上可接縫式工業用織物的接縫線圈之方法，該方法包含下列步驟：從具有多於一股的紗線形成接縫線圈；提供與該等接縫線圈相關聯之一雷射能吸收材料；及將一雷射源聚焦於該等接縫線圈，藉以部份地融化且永久性熔接或熔合用於構成供形成該等接縫線圈的該等紗線之該等股。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該雷射能吸收材料係為一被施加至該等接縫線圈上之塗覆物。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法，其中該織物被接縫之前，該塗覆物係藉由染料塗覆物被施加於該等接縫線圈上。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該雷射吸收材料係被包含在一或多股的該等紗線中。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該雷射能吸收材料係為一以水性或非水性為基礎的染料。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法，其中該雷射能吸收材料係為一染料或黑墨水的一稀釋物。
  7. 一種工業用織物中之經改良的接縫，包含：該織物的一接縫區域中之複數個接縫線圈，其中該等接縫線圈係由具有多於一股的紗線形成，且其中藉由提供與該等接縫線圈相關聯的一雷射能吸收材料及將一雷射源聚焦於該等接縫線圈藉以部份地融化且永久性熔接或熔合用於形成該等接縫線圈的紗線之股以使得該等接縫線圈被熔接或熔合。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項之接縫，其中該雷射能吸收材料係為一被施加至該等接縫線圈上之塗覆物。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之接縫，其中該織物被接縫之前，該塗覆物係藉由染料塗覆物被施加於該等接縫線圈上。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第7項之接縫，其中該雷射能吸收材料係為一以水性或非水性為基礎的染料。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第7項之接縫，其中該雷射吸收材料係被包含在一或多股的該等紗線中。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第7項之接縫，其中該雷射能吸收材料係為一染料或黑墨水的一稀釋物。
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