TWI449719B - 含塗料黏著添加劑的可固化含矽烷基聚合物組成物 - Google Patents
含塗料黏著添加劑的可固化含矽烷基聚合物組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI449719B TWI449719B TW097123349A TW97123349A TWI449719B TW I449719 B TWI449719 B TW I449719B TW 097123349 A TW097123349 A TW 097123349A TW 97123349 A TW97123349 A TW 97123349A TW I449719 B TWI449719 B TW I449719B
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YCZJVRCZIPDYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ditridecyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCZJVRCZIPDYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/288—Compounds containing at least one heteroatom other than oxygen or nitrogen
- C08G18/289—Compounds containing at least one heteroatom other than oxygen or nitrogen containing silicon
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Description
本發明係針對可固化含矽烷基聚合物組成物。特別地,本發明係針對一種可固化組成物,包含可水解之含矽烷基聚合物和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑,此提供對於塗層、塗料、黏著劑和其他表面處理劑具有改良的黏著性之可固化含矽烷基聚合物組成物。
塗層、塗料、黏著劑和其他表面處理劑,特別是水性形式,與以聚合物為基礎的表面之黏著欠佳,此因這些聚合表面通常表面能量低、呈化學惰性或者含有形成微弱邊界層的污染物和其他添加劑之故。例如,可於室溫固化製得彈料之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物組成物被廣泛用來作為塗料、工業物件、密封劑和填隙材料,此因它們於許多應用具有獨特的性質(如,在建築物中作為密封劑)之故。這些性質包括極佳的耐候性、韌性、強度、耐久性、易施用性和於適當處迅速固化。然而,使用此密封劑和填隙材料的應用通常經裝飾和保護塗料(如,油漆、清漆、塗漆和假漆)塗佈。經固化之含矽烷基聚合物組成物之缺點在於它們的表面不易接受此以有機物為基礎的裝飾和保護塗層面。
就美觀之目的,工業上對於具有接受塗料及提供表面一些對於環境之保護作用之經固化之含矽烷基聚合物組成
物之外露表面具有需求存在。雖然一些經固化之含矽烷基聚合物組成物接受一些塗料,但在以某些種類的塗料塗佈時,以商業方式提供某些經固化之含矽烷基聚合物組成物非常不便。例如,種類廣泛的塗層、塗料和其他表面處理劑可以商業方式取得且這些組成物對於以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物為基礎的密封劑組成物展現不同程度的黏著性。特別地,種類廣泛的乳膠漆可以商業方式取得且這些塗料與使用可水解之含矽烷基聚合物之密封劑組成物的黏合程度不同。
本發明者發現經固化之由含矽烷基聚合物和含矽氧烷黏著添加劑製得之含矽烷基聚合物組成物的表面將具有塗料、塗層和其他表面處理劑可簡單地黏著至彼,特別是在固化之後之黏著性。
本發明提供一種可固化組成物,其包含:a)至少一種可水解之含矽烷基聚合物;b)至少一種含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑;和,視情況而定地,c)至少一種成份,選自填料、塑化劑、觸變劑、抗氧化劑、紫外光安定劑、黏著促進劑、固化觸媒、濕氣清除劑、顏料、染料、界面活性劑、溶劑和殺生物劑。
本發明提供一種可固化組成物,其使用含矽烷基聚合物和含矽氧烷黏著添加劑,其提供對於塗料(特別是乳膠
漆)、塗層、黏著劑和其他表面處理劑改良的黏著性。此外,本發明提供一種物件,其使用含矽烷基聚合物和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之經固化組成物,塗層、塗料和其他表面處理劑強烈黏著至此物件。
應瞭解,除了工作實例或特別聲明者之外,申請專利說明書和申請專利範圍中所列之表示材料量、反應條件、時間期間、材料定量性質..等的所有數字皆以”約”作修飾。
亦應瞭解此處所示的任何數字範圍意欲包括在該範圍內的所有的次範圍及該範圍或次範圍之眾多終點之任何組合。
將進一步瞭解,申請專利說明書中以表示或暗示方式揭示和/或申請專利範圍中以表示或暗示方式列出的任何化合物、材料或物質(涵蓋結構上、組成上和/或功能上相關的化合物、材料或物質)包括群組的個別代表和它們的所有組合。
此可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)包括矽烷化的多元醇、矽烷化的聚醚、矽烷化的聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂及含矽烷的共聚物(其衍生自一或多種乙烯系不飽和矽烷(如,乙烯基矽烷、烯丙烯矽烷和甲基丙烯醯基矽烷、丙烯醯氧基烷基矽烷、甲基丙烯醯氧基烷基矽烷)和一或多種其他的乙烯系不飽和單體(如,烯烴、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙
烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯系不飽和二羧酸和/或它們的酐、具有烯系不飽和性的低聚物和/或共聚物..等)之共聚反應。
一體系中,可用於本發明之組成物中之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)以通式(1)表示:
其中:R1
是數均分子量由約500至約100,000克/莫耳的一價或多價有機聚合物鏈段;每一個R2
獨立地為含有1至12個碳原子的二價烴基,選自二價伸烷基、伸烯基、伸芳烯基、伸芳基和伸芳烷基,和,視情況而定地,含有至少一個選自氮、氧和硫的雜原子;每一個A1
獨立地選自二價氧(-O-)、硫(-S-)或結構(-)2
NR3
之經取代的氮,其中R3
是氫、烷基、烯基、芳烯基、芳基、芳烷基或-R2
SiX1
X2
X3
基團,其中每一個R3
除了氫以外,含有1至18個碳原子,且當A2
是氧或硫時,A1
是(-)2
NR3
;每一個X1
獨立地選自R4
O-、R4
C(=O)O-、R4 2
C=NO-、R4 2
C=CR4
O-和R4 2
NO-,其中每一個R4
獨立地選自氫、烷基、烯基、芳烯基、芳基和芳烷基,其中每一個R4
除了氫以外,含有1至18個碳原子和,視情況而定地,含有至少一個氧或硫原子;每一個X2
和X3
獨立地選自R4
O-、R4
C(=O)O-、R4 2
C=NO-、R4 2
C=CR4
O-、R4 2
NO-和R4
,其中每一個R4
獨立地選自氫、烷基、烯基、芳烯基、芳基和芳烷基,其中每一個R4
除了氫以外,含有1至18個碳原子和,視情況而定地,含有至少一個氧或硫原子;和每一個下標a和b獨立地為整數,其中a是0或1而b是1至6。
可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)包括藉多元醇(以聚合性二醇或三醇為佳)和異氰酸根矽烷之反應而製得者。此多元醇可為,如,聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚醚酯多元醇、醚酯多元醇或羥基終端的聚丁二烯,特別是氫化的聚丁二烯二醇,或它們的混合物。其他可資利用的多元醇可為具有低鏈末不飽和性(如,由約0.018至約0.20毫當量/克)且數均分子量由約5,000至約100,000的聚醚二醇,其藉由使用雙金屬氰化物(DMC)觸媒,以環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷或它們的混合物將二官能性引發劑加以氧烷基
化而得)。
用以將這些和其他多元醇加以矽烷化之可資利用的異氰酸根矽烷以式(2)表示:O=C=N-R5
SiX1
X2
X3
(2)
其中:R5
是含有1至12個碳原子的二價烴基,選自二價伸烷基、伸烯基、伸芳烯基、伸芳基和伸芳烷基,及,視情況而定地,含有至少一個選自氧和硫之雜原子;每一個X1
獨立地選自R4
O-、R4
C(=O)O-、R4 2
C=NO-、R4 2
C=CR4
O-和R4 2
NO-,其中每一個R4
獨立地選自氫、烷基、烯基、芳烯基、芳基和芳烷基,其中每一個R4
,除了氫以外,含有1至18個碳原子,和,視情況而定地,含有至少一個氧或硫原子;每一個X2
和X3
獨立地選自R4
O-、R4
C(=O)O-、R4 2
C=NO-、R4 2
C=CR4
O-和R4 2
NO-和R4
,其中每一個R4
獨立地選自氫、烷基、烯基、芳烯基、芳基和芳烷基,其中每一個R4
,除了氫以外,含有1至18個碳原子,和,視情況而定地,含有至少一個氧或硫原子。
異氰酸根矽烷的代表性非限制例包括異氰酸根丙基三甲氧基矽烷、異氰酸根異丙基三甲氧基矽烷、異氰酸根正丁基三甲氧基矽烷、異氰酸根第三丁基三甲氧基矽烷、異氰酸根丙基三乙氧基矽烷、異氰酸根異丙基三乙氧基矽烷、異氰酸根正丁基三乙氧基矽烷、異氰酸根第三丁基三乙氧基矽烷、異氰酸根甲基三甲氧基矽烷、異氰酸根甲基三
乙氧基矽烷、異氰酸根甲基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、異氰酸根甲基甲基二乙氧基矽烷..等,及它們的混合物。
此合成係使用標準滴定技巧(ASTM 2572-87)或紅外光分析予以監看。當以此二技巧之一無法偵測到殘留的異氰酸基(-NCO),則視為多元醇的矽烷化反應已完全。
此可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)可得自二醇與異氰酸根矽烷之直接反應,此反應未於初時形成聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物中間產物。顯然,此合成方式的優點之一在於使用單步驟法形成聚合物(a)。此化學方式的細節討論於美國專利案第5,990,257號,茲將該案以引用方式納入本文中。
藉滴定法或紅外光譜測定得知,以前述方式製得之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)含有少量(基本上低於0.10%)殘留之未反應的異氰酸酯。此情況中,異氰酸酯清除劑可加至樹脂。典型的清除劑包括,一級或二級胺基矽烷(如,γ-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-β-胺乙基-γ-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷或N-乙基-γ-胺異丁基三甲氧基矽烷)、低分子量醇(如,甲醇、乙醇或異丙醇)、一級或二級胺(如,丁胺或二丁胺)、巰基矽烷(如,巰丙基三乙氧基矽烷)或銨鹽(如,碳酸銨或乳酸銨)。這些試劑可以簡單地於事後添加至可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)中以移除過量的異氰酸基。
本發明之可資利用之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)包括異氰酸根終端的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物以含有活性氫之
可水解的矽烷加以封端而得者。
這些可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)可藉由使異氰酸根終端的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物反應而得,該預聚物得自化學計量比過量的有機聚異氰酸酯與前述任何多元醇之反應,較佳地,得自二異氰酸酯(如,異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯(IPDI))與前述任何聚醚二醇之反應,該矽烷具有與異氰酸基反應之官能性,特別地,二級胺或巰官能性。此帶有末端活性異氰酸基的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物可用以製造可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)且可藉化學計量比過量的有機二一或多異氰酸酯反應物與多元醇反應物(如前述者)之反應及進一步與胺基矽烷反應而製得。
異氰酸根終端的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物由一或多種多元醇(以二醇為佳)與一或多種聚異氰酸酯(如前述者,以二異氰酸酯為佳)以所得的預聚物將以異氰酸酯終端之比例反應而得。使二醇與二異氰酸酯反應時,將使用莫耳過量的二異氰酸酯。
用於與前述之異氰酸根終端的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物反應之矽烷化反應物必須含有與異氰酸根具反應性之官能性和至少一個易水解和後續可交聯的基團,如,烷氧基。特別有用的矽烷化反應物係通式(4)的矽烷:在多元醇與聚異氰酸酯反應之後,此異氰酸根終端的預聚物具有通式(3)R6
-[-(N=C=O)]c
(3)
其中R6
為含至少兩個胺基甲酸酯基與價數c之有機
片段和下標c為整數,其中c是2至6。瞭解因為多元醇與異氰酸基之反應,所以R6
聚合物鏈段可含有胺基甲酸酯基。此異氰酸根終端的預聚物係藉由使二異氰酸酯與多元醇以不同的NCO/OH比(其範圍特別是約1.1至約2.0,更特別是約1.4至約1.9,最特別是約1.6至約1.8)反應而製得。
適當的聚異氰酸酯包括任何可藉常用以與多元醇反應而形成預聚物的方式而得的聚胺基甲酸酯聚合物。可資利用的二異氰酸酯包括,例如,2,4-甲苯二異氰酸酯、2,6-甲苯二異氰酸酯、2,4-和2,6-甲苯二異氰酸酯異構物之混合物[市場上取得的TDI大多為混合物]、4,4’-二苯基-甲烷二異氰酸酯、異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯、二環己基甲烷-4,4’-二異氰酸酯、眾多含有2,4-和4,4’-異構物之混合物的液態二苯基甲烷-二異氰酸酯..等,及它們的混合物。本發明的一體系中,所用的此異氰酸根官能性單體係可得自Bayer之註冊名稱為Desmodur I D 230的異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯(IPDI)。
前述異氰酸根終端的預聚物之製備可以使用觸媒。適當觸媒為金屬鹽或鹼,且非限制例包括鉍鹽,如,參新癸酸鉍和其他的羧酸鉍;鋯化合物或鋁化合物,如,鋯鉗合物和鋁鉗合物;二羧酸二烷基錫,如,二月桂酸二丁錫和醋酸二丁錫;三級胺;羧酸的亞錫鹽,如,辛酸亞錫和醋酸亞錫..等。
第二個方法步驟中,通式(3)之異氰酸根終端的預
聚物與含有活性氫官能基的矽烷反應以製得可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)。含有活性氫官能基的矽烷以通式(4)表示:H-Y1
-R2
SiX1
X2
X3
(4)
其中R2
、X1
、X2
和X3
具前述意義,且每一個Y1
獨立地選自氧(-O-)、硫(-S-)、(-)2
NR3
、-NR3
(C=O)NR3
-、-NR3
(C=O)O-和-NR3
(C=O)S-,其中R3
是氫、烷基、烯基、芳烯基、芳烷基或-R2
SiX1
X2
X3
基團,其中每一個R3
除了氫以外,含有1至18個碳原子。
本發明之矽烷終端反應可為此技術中已知的任何類型,如,美國專利案第6,197,912號和美國專利案第5,990,257號中所揭示者,茲將該案以引用方式納入本文中。
本發明的一體系中,活性氫有機官能性矽烷包括,如,一級和二級胺基-烷氧基矽烷、脲基烷氧基矽烷、胺甲酸酯基矽烷、硫胺甲酸酯基矽烷和巰烷氧基矽烷。
用於此處的特定矽烷包括脲基矽烷,非限制例如3-脲丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-脲丙基三乙氧基矽烷、3-脲丙基甲基二乙氧基矽烷、3-脲丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、脲甲基三甲氧基矽烷、脲甲基甲基二甲氧基矽烷和它們的混合物。
用於此處的特定矽烷包括胺甲酸酯基矽烷和硫代胺甲酸酯基矽烷,非限制例為胺甲酸N-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)甲酯、胺甲酸N-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基甲基)甲酯、胺甲酸N-(3-三乙氧基矽烷基丙基)甲酯、胺甲酸N-(3-
三乙氧基矽烷基甲基)甲酯、胺甲酸N-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)甲酯、硫代胺甲酸N-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基甲基)甲酯、硫代胺甲酸N-(3-三乙氧基矽烷基丙基)甲酯、硫代胺甲酸N-(3-三乙氧基矽烷基甲基)甲酯、胺甲酸N-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)甲酯、胺甲酸N-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)乙酯、胺甲酸N-(3-三乙氧基矽烷基丙基)乙酯、胺甲酸N-(3-三乙氧基矽烷基甲基)乙酯、胺甲酸O-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)酯和它們的混合物。
用於此處的特定矽烷包括巰基矽烷,其非限制例如2-巰乙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基三甲氧基矽烷、2-巰丙基三乙氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基三乙氧基矽烷、2-巰乙基三丙氧基矽烷、2-巰乙基三-第二丁氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基-三-第三丁氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基三辛氧基矽烷、2-巰乙基三-2’-乙基己氧基矽烷、2-巰乙基二甲氧基乙氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基甲氧基乙氧基丙氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基二甲氧基甲基矽烷、3-巰丙基甲氧基二甲基矽烷、3-巰丙基乙氧基二甲基矽烷、3-巰丙基二乙氧基甲基矽烷、3-巰丙基環己氧基二甲基矽烷、4-巰丁基三甲氧基矽烷、3-巰-3-甲基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-巰-3-甲基丙基三丙氧基矽烷、3-巰-3-乙基丙基二甲氧基甲基矽烷、3-巰-2-甲基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-巰-2-甲基丙基二甲氧基苯基矽烷、3-巰環己基三甲氧基矽烷、12-巰十二碳烷基三甲氧基矽烷、12-巰十二碳烷基三乙氧基矽烷、18-巰十八碳烷基三甲氧基矽烷、18-巰十八碳烷基甲氧基二甲基矽烷、2-
巰-2-甲基乙基三甲氧基矽烷、2-巰-2-甲基乙基三辛氧基矽烷、2-巰苯基三甲氧基矽烷、2-巰苯基三乙氧基矽烷、2-巰甲苯基三甲氧基矽烷、2-巰甲苯基三乙氧基矽烷、1-巰甲基甲苯基三甲氧基矽烷、1-巰甲基甲苯基三乙氧基矽烷、2-巰乙基苯基三甲氧基矽烷、2-巰乙基苯基三乙氧基矽烷、2-巰乙基甲苯基三甲氧基矽烷、2-巰乙基甲苯基三乙氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基苯基三甲氧基矽烷和3-巰丙基苯基三乙氧基矽烷,和它們的混合物。
可資利用的矽烷包括一級和二級胺基矽烷,其非限制例如,胺甲基三甲氧基矽烷、3-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-胺丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、胺甲基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、3-胺丙基二甲基(甲基乙基肟基)矽烷、3-胺丙基三乙氧基矽烷、N-甲基胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-乙基胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-甲基胺異丁基三甲氧基矽烷、N-甲基胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-甲基胺丁基三乙氧基矽烷、N-甲基胺丙基甲氧基二乙氧基矽烷、N-甲基胺丙基二甲基甲氧基矽烷、N-甲基胺丁基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、N-甲基胺丁基二乙基乙氧基矽烷、N,N-雙(3-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)胺、N,N-雙-(3-三乙氧基矽烷基丙基)胺、N,N-雙-(3-三乙氧基矽烷基丁基)胺、4-胺基-3,3-二甲基丁基三甲氧基矽烷的順-丁烯二酸二丁酯加合物..等。當然,這些和類似的矽烷之混合物亦可作為矽烷化反應物。
較佳之含活性氫的矽烷為N-苯基-3-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-甲基-3-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-丁基-3-胺丙基
三甲氧基矽烷、4-胺基-3,3-二甲基丁基三甲氧基矽烷、N-環己基-3-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-胺丙基三甲氧基矽烷的順-丁烯二酸二丁酯加合物、4-胺基-3,3-二甲基丁基三甲氧基矽烷的順-丁烯二酸二丁酯加合物、3-胺丙基三乙氧基矽烷、雙-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)胺、3-胺丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、3-胺丙基二甲基(甲基乙基肟基)矽烷、N-甲基-3-胺基-2-甲基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-乙基-3-胺基-2-甲基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-乙基-3-胺基-2-甲基丙基二乙氧基甲基矽烷、N-乙基-3-胺基-2-甲基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、N-乙基-3-胺基-2-甲基丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、N-丁基-3-胺基-2-甲基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-(N-甲基-2-胺基-1-甲基-1-乙氧基)丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-乙基-4-胺基-3,3-二甲基丁基二甲氧基甲基矽烷、N-乙基-4-胺基-3,3-二甲基丁基三甲氧基矽烷、雙-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基-2-甲基丙基)胺、N-(3’-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)-3-胺基-2-甲基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基三乙氧基矽烷、3-巰丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、3-脲丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-脲丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、胺基甲酸O-(3-三甲氧基矽烷基丙基)酯和它們的混合物。
可用於本發明之其他類型之可水解的含矽烷基聚合物(a)可藉由使羥基終端的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物反應而製得,該預聚物本身得自化學計量比過量的多元醇與聚異氰酸酯之反應,並有利地得自前述任何聚醚二醇與二異氰酸酯(如,異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯)及之後與前述任何異氰酸
根矽烷之反應。此額外的硬鏈段由鏈增長劑形成,其不僅改良預聚物的彈性,同時也改良其與許多有機底質之黏著性。
此帶有末端活性氫原子的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物可用以製造可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)且可藉有機二-或多異氰酸酯反應物與化學計量比過量的多元醇反應物(其可為聚醚多元醇或包含多元醇之組合)之反應製備。取決於個別反應物之反應性,可能使用觸媒。反應溫度基本上在60℃至90℃的範圍內;反應時間基本上約2至8小時。
適當的有機二-或多異氰酸酯包括,但不限於,二異氰酸酯,如,2,4-甲苯二異氰酸酯(TDI)、2,6-甲苯二異氰酸酯、4,4’-二苯基-甲烷二異氰酸酯(MDI)、2,4’-二苯基-甲烷二異氰酸酯、異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯(IPDI)、4,4’-二環己基甲烷-二異氰酸酯異構物、Desmodur N..等,和它們的混合物。
用以製備聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物,一或多種二醇和三醇可用於反應,例如,聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚丁二烯二醇、聚氧伸烷二醇、聚氧伸烷三醇、聚丁二醇、聚己內酯二醇和三醇..等,其具有二或更多個羥基。或一醇與二醇或三醇之摻合物。較佳的多元醇係聚丙二醇。此處所用的多元醇具低不飽和度並因此而具有高官能性。這些多元醇基本上使用用於環氧烷之聚合反應的金屬錯合物觸媒製備,得到具有低末端乙烯系不飽和性(通常低於0.2,以低於0.1為佳,低於0.02毫當量/克更佳)的多元醇。此
多元醇的數均分子量基本上在介於500和50,000的範圍內,以介於約2,000和20,000之間為佳。
欲製備可用於本發明之活性羥基終端的聚胺基甲酸酯,使用相對於-NCO當量(基團)之至少略為莫耳過量的羥基當量(-OH基),以藉羥基終止聚合物鏈。NCO與OH的較佳莫耳比由約0.3至0.95,介於0.4和0.8之間更佳,此取決於所用的多元醇。
由前述者初始形成的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物之後在第二個步驟中以異氰酸根矽烷“封端”以形成所欲之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)。適用於帶有末端活性氫原子的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物之封端的異氰酸根矽烷以此處前文所示的通式(3)表示。
本發明的一體系中,適用於帶有末端活性氫原子的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物之封端的異氰酸根矽烷包括γ-異氰酸根丙基三乙氧基矽烷(A-Link 25或Silquest A-1310,得自Momentive Performance Materials)和γ-異氰酸根丙基三甲氧基矽烷(A-Link 35,得自Momentive Performance Materials)。
此具有活性氫原子的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物以約化學計量比的量與前述異氰酸根矽烷反應而形成具有一或多個末端烷氧基矽烷基之安定的聚合物(a)。
此聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物合成及後續的矽烷化反應在無水條件下進行並以在惰性環境(如,氮環境)中進行為佳,以防止烷氧基矽烷基過早水解。此二反應步驟之典型的
溫度範圍是0至150℃,介於60和90℃之間更佳。基本上,合成經矽化的聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物的總時間介於4和8小時之間。
基本上用於前述聚胺基甲酸酯預聚物及相關之經矽烷化的聚胺基甲酸酯之製備的觸媒為二羧酸二烷錫(如,二月桂酸二丁錫和醋酸二丁錫)、三級胺、羧酸的亞錫鹽(如,辛酸亞錫和醋酸亞錫)..等。根據本發明的一特定體系,此觸媒為二月桂酸二丁錫。
關於式(1)之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)的進一步細節可參考受讓人Huang等人於2007年3月7日提出申請之申請專利中的未審定美國專利申請案第11/715000號,其標題為“Moisture-Curable Silylated Polymer Resin Composition”,茲將該案以引用方式納入本文中。
低VOC之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)揭示於2005年12月1日提出申請的美國專利申請案第11/290045號中,茲將該案以引用方式納入本文中。
根據本發明的一體系,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)的存在量由90至99.95重量%,在另一體系中為95至99.9重量%,在又另一體系中為97至99.5重量%。
含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)係含有懸垂的聚伸烷化氧基團之矽氧烷聚合物。一體系中,含矽氧烷塗料黏著
添加劑以通式(5)表示:
其中:每一個R7
獨立地為具有1至6個碳原子的一價烴基;每一個R8
獨立地為具有1至10個碳原子的二價烴基;每一個R9
獨立地為具有2至6個碳原子的二價直鏈伸烷基;每一個R10
獨立地為具有3至6個碳原子的二價支鏈伸烷基;每一個Z選自氫、具1至12個碳原子的烴基和-C(=O)R11
基團,其中R11
是氫或具1至20個碳原子的烴基;每一個下標m、n、x和y是整數,其中m是1至100;n是1至100;x是10至200;和y是1至20。
此含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)須要數個特徵以提供可固化組成物改良的黏著性。此含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)須具有足夠數目的矽氧烷重覆單元以控制添加劑(b)在可固化組成物中之溶解度及提供與經固化之含矽
烷基的聚合物之足夠的纏結以防止在壓力施於塗料、塗層或其他表面劑之經塗佈的層時脫黏(debond)。塗料添加劑(b)必須具有足夠數目之足夠分子量的聚伸烷化氧單元以提高塗層、塗料或其他表面處理劑的潤濕性及與聚合物和/或這些材料的乳液粒子之交互作用。此聚伸烷化氧基團由直鏈和/或支鏈伸烷化氧重覆單元所組成。這些直鏈和支鏈伸烷化氧單元可以隨機地分佈或者可以發生於直鏈伸烷化氧重覆單元嵌段和支鏈伸烷化氧重覆單元嵌段中。直鏈伸烷化氧單元(以伸乙化氧為佳)的嵌段經由R8
基團共價地結合至矽氧烷主鏈,而支鏈伸烷化氧單元(以伸丙化氧單元為佳)的嵌段共價地結合至直鏈聚伸烷氧化鏈段。然而,如果聚伸烷化氧基團完全由直鏈伸烷化氧單元(如,伸乙化氧)所構成,則希望封端基團Z為疏水基團,以使得其能夠與塗料或乳膠粒子有更好的交互作用。當R11
是具6至20個碳原子的烷基、烯基、芳基、芳烷基或芳烯基時,Z基團具疏水性。
此處的另一體系中,每一個R7
是甲基;R8
是伸丙基;R9
是伸乙基;R10
是2-甲基伸乙基(異伸丙基);m是5至50;n是5至50;x是50至150;而y是3至20。
含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之代表性的非限制例包括:(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]20
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]3
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]50
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]8
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]10
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)22
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)8
H)O-]10
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]100
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]15
Si(CH3
)3
;
(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]50
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)10
CH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]70
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)35
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)40
CH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]70
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)15
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
CH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)15
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
CH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]100
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)15
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
CH3
)O-]15
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)15
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
COCH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)13
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
H)O-]4
-[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)35
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)40
H)O-]Si(CH3
)3
;和它們的混合物。
此含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)為透明無色或略帶顏色的液體或蠟,其黏度範圍由100至5000cSt。一體系中,0.1%表面張力由約28至40毫牛頓/米,以30至38毫牛頓/米為佳,33至36毫牛頓/米更佳。臨界微胞濃度(CMC)範圍由0.01至0.1克,以0.015至0.05克為佳且0.02至0.04克含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑/100克溶液最佳。
本發明的含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)係可藉嫻於此技術者習知的一般方法製得的矽氧烷-多元醚共聚物。例如,美國專利案第3,280,160、3,299,112和3,507,815號報導此類型的共聚物之合成並說明它們作為聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體安定劑、作為個人保養品項之添加劑和作為織品應用之加工助劑之用途。此共聚物可於溶劑存在(美國專利案第3,980,688和4,025,456號)或不存在(美國專利案第4,847,398和5,191,103號)時,製自所有聚醚和聚二甲基甲基氫化物矽氧烷。茲將前述專利案以引用方式納入本文中。
根據本發明的一體系,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(
a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑的量由0.05至10重量%,在另一體系中為0.1至5重量%,且在又另一體系中為0.5至3重量%。
此外,包含至少一種可水解之含矽烷基聚合物和至少一種含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之可固化組成物可視情況而定地,含有至少一種成份,選自填料、塑化劑、觸變劑、抗氧化劑、紫外光安定劑、黏著促進劑、殺生物劑、固化觸媒、濕氣清除劑、顏料、染料、界面活性劑、溶劑和殺生物劑。
多種酚和阻礙胺適用以安定聚合物(a)。代表性的非限制例包括酚,如,Irganox 1010,肆[伸甲基(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基氫肉桂酸酯)]甲烷;Irganox 1076,3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基氫肉桂酸十八碳烷酯;Irganox 1135,3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基氫肉桂酸,C7-9支鏈烷酯;Ethanox 330,1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-參(35-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯甲基)苯;Ethanox 703,2,6-二-第三丁基-4-(N,N’-二甲胺基甲基)酚;Ionol,2,6-二-第三丁基-4-甲基酚;TEMPO,2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶氧基自由基;4-羥基TEMPO,4-羥基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶氧基自由基。阻礙胺的例子包括Irganox 5057,一種經取代的芳族胺;Tinuvin 327,2-(3,5-二-第三丁基-2-羥苯基)-5-氯苯並三唑;Tinuvin 326,2-(5-氯-2H-苯並三唑-2-基)-6-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-甲基酚;Tinuvin 622,丁二酸二甲酯聚合物和4-羥基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶乙醇;Tinuvin 213
,聚(氧-1,2-乙二基),(α,(3-(3-(2H-苯並三唑-2-基)-5-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-4-羥苯基)-1-氧丙基)-ω-羥基。此Irganox和Tinuvin皆可得自Ciba Geigy。
此酚和阻礙胺可單獨使用或併用。以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,這些添加劑的用量是0.1至2.0重量%。但以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,最常是0.1至1.0重量%。
最後,維生素E亦可作為用以安定可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)組成物之抗氧化劑。
除了抗氧化劑以外,可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)組成物,基本上含有濕氣清除劑,以維持長時間的儲存安定性。用於此應用之有效者為多種烷氧基矽烷,如,乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷(Silquest A-171,得自Momentive Performance Materials)或烷基三烷氧基矽烷(如,甲基三甲氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷)..等。以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,它們的摻入量基本上是0.1至5.0重量%,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,摻入量更常是0.5至2.5重量%。
適用於密封劑的調配物之典型填料包括強化填料,如,發煙矽石、沉澱矽石和碳酸鈣。以粒子尺寸由0.07微
米至5.5微米之經處理的碳酸鈣為佳,其可得自數種註冊名稱:Ultra Pflex、Super Pflex、Hi Pflex、Pfinyl 402;得自Specialty Minerals;Winnofil SPM、SPT,得自Solvay;Hubercarb 1Qt、Hubercarb 3Qt和Hubercarb W,得自Huber;Kotomite,得自ECC;Omyacarb FT、Omyacarb 3T和Omyacarb UFT,得自Omya;Camel-Fine ST、Camel-Wite ST和Camel-Cal ST,得自Imerys。日本常用的填料包括Hakuenka CCR、Hakuenka CC、Hakuenka TDD和Viscolite OS,得自Shiraishi Kogyo;Calfine 200,得自Maruo Calcium。這些填料可以單獨使用或併用。此填料用量可為以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計之至高200重量%,更佳用量是以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計之80至150重量%。
可用的塑化劑亦可用以提高拉伸率及有助於使用較高填料含量。塑化劑的例子包括酞酸酯、二苯甲酸二丙二醇酯和二苯甲酸二乙二醇酯、二苯甲酸二乙二醇酯、二苯甲酸二丙二醇酯及它們的混合物、丙二醇(分子量200-5000amu,以1000-4000amu為佳)(其可得自Asahi Denka,Asahi Glass或Sanyo Chemicals)、環氧化的黃豆油..等。此外,脂族二酯(如,己二酯和癸二酯)。酞酸二辛酯和二異癸酯之有用的來源包括得自Exxon Chemical之註冊名稱為Jayflex DOP和JayFlex DIDP者。此二苯甲酸酯可為Benzoflex 9-88、Benzoflex 9-88 SG、Benzoflex
50和Benzoflex 400(得自Velsicol Chemical Corporation)。其他有用的塑化劑包括烴流體,如,Shellsol D60和Shellsol D80,得自Shell Chemical;Conosol C-200和Conosol C-260,得自Penreco;Exxsol D-110,得自Exxon Mobil Chemical;Pilot 900,得自Petrochem Carless。以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,這些塑化劑基本上含量為至高150重量%,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,以5至50重量%為佳。
塑化劑和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之交互作用可改良塗料的黏著性。塑化劑的例子包括Benzoflex 50、Benzoflex 9-88或Benzoflex 9-88 SG,其與含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑併用,例如:(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]20
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]3
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]50
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]8
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]10
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)22
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)8
H)O-]10
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]100
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]15
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]50
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)10
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)10
CH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]70
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)35
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)40
CH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]70
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)15
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
CH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)15
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
CH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]100
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)15
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
CH3
)O-]15
Si(CH3
)3
;(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)15
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
COCH3
)O-]5
Si(CH3
)3
;和(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)13
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
H)O-]4
-[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)35
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)40
H)O-]Si(CH3
)3
.以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,塑化劑的量介於5和50重量%之間且
含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)的重介於0.1和5重量%之間。
密封劑調配物可包括多種觸變劑和防下垂劑。典型添加劑為多種蓖麻蠟、發煙矽石、經處理的黏土和聚醯胺。此觸變劑包括下列者:Aerosil,得自Degussa;Cabo-Sil TS 720,Cabot;Castorwax,得自CasChem;Thixatrol和Thixcin,得自Rheox;Disparlon 6500,得自King Industries;及Crayvallac Super、Crayvallac SLX和Crayvallac SL,得自Cray Valley。以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,這些添加劑基本上佔0.1至10重量%,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,以0.5至6重量%為佳。
紫外光安定劑或抗氧化劑亦可摻入密封劑調配物中,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,其量為0.1至5重量%,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,以0.5至3重量%為佳。這些材料可為得自Ciba-Geigy之註冊名稱為Tinuvin770、Tinuvin 327、Tinuvin 326、Tinuvin 213、Tinuvin 622和Irganox1010者。
多種對於無機底質為有機官能性矽烷和矽氧烷黏著促進劑者可用於此密封劑調配物中。以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,這些材料基本上用量為0.1至5重量%,以可水解之含矽烷基
聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,以0.5至2.5重量%為佳。適當的黏著促進劑將包括,但不限於眾多胺基矽烷,如,SilquestA-1120 silane、SilquestA-1110 silane、SilquestA-2120 silane和SilquestA-1170 silane;環氧基矽烷,如,SilquestA-187 silane;異氰尿酸酯矽烷,如,SilquestA-597 silane;和巰基矽烷,如,SilquestA-189 silane、SilquestA-1891 silane、Silquest A-599 silane;其可得自Momentive Performance Materials。
可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)組成物基本上摻有固化觸媒以使得可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)組成物及時固化(交聯)。錫、鈦、鋯..等之眾多金屬錯合物適用以固化這些組成物。二羧酸二烷基錫(如,二月桂酸二丁錫和醋酸二丁錫)、羧酸的亞錫鹽(如,辛酸亞錫和醋酸亞錫)..等最適用。較佳觸媒是二月桂酸二丁錫。此錫觸媒可以單獨使用或與三級胺(如,月桂胺)併用。以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,此觸媒基本上為0.01至3重量%,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,以0.05至1.0重量%為佳。
此調配物亦可含有額外量的脫水劑以維持包裝安定性。眾多乙烯基烷氧基矽烷(非限制例如乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷,得自Momentive Performance Materials的Silquest A-
171)或烷基三烷氧基矽烷(非限制例如甲基三甲氧基矽烷和乙基三甲氧基矽烷)..等可用於此應用。以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,其摻入量基本上是0.1至5.0重量%,以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,更常是1.0至3.0重量%。
此調配物亦可包括常用於密封應用的其他添加劑,這些將包括顏料或其他著色劑、染料、殺菌劑和殺生物劑。
可用於本發明之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)包括,但不限於SPUR+
1015LM、SPUR+
1050MM..等,此可得自Momentive Performance Materials,Inc。
可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)、含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)和其他額外組份根據此技術已知的方法混合並包括以行星式混合機、均化機、機械攪拌機、擠壓機、Hauschild混合機..等混合。通常,含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)、填料、乾燥劑和其他額外成份加至可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)中。乾燥劑用以移除可能存在於填料、顏料和其他組份上的任何過量的水,及增添包含可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)、含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)和視情況而定的成份之可固化組成物之安定性。
連續模式製備述於受讓人為General Electric Company的美國專利案第5,519,104號,茲將該案以引用方式納入本文中。本發明之包含可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)之可固化組成物,
非限制例如,密封劑之,可使用用以混合本發明之組份的擠壓機連續製備。
在非限制例中,摻有表1所列組份之可固化組成物可在30毫米Werner-Pfliederer雙螺旋擠壓機中,使用下列混合程序製得:Werner-Pfliederer Extruder Mixing Procedure:擠壓機的所有區域加熱至75℃。在擠壓機的柵1處連續稱入可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)、含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)和碳酸鈣填料。擠壓機的柵3處連續稱入塑化劑、有機官能性矽烷黏著促進劑和抗氧化劑(Irganox)及光安定劑(Tinuvin)之摻合物。在擠壓機的柵3處連續稱入塑化劑和錫觸媒的預摻合物。密封劑,本發明之可固化組成物,在擠壓機中以40磅/小時速率製得。不同尺寸的擠壓機可用以製備本發明之組成物。
關於與包含可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)、含矽氧烷黏著添加劑(b)和視情況而定的其他組份之可固化組成物之製備的進一步細節可參考Huang等人於2007年3月7日提出申請的美國專利申請案第11/71500號,其標題為“Moisture-Curable Silylated Polymer Resin Composition”,茲將該案以引用方式納入本文中。
可以使用批次或連續法製得摻有本發明之可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)及視情況而定的成份(包括填料、塑化劑、觸變劑、抗氧化劑、紫外光安定劑、黏著促進劑、殺生物劑、固化觸媒..等)之可固化組成物,如單或二份式密封劑。
包含可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)之單份式可固化組成物的代表性非限制例示於表1。
包含可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)、含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)和視情況而定的其他成份之可固化組成物藉暴於水而固化。最常用的方法係將可固化組成物製成所欲形狀及之後使用環境中的水氣或人工控制之空氣中的水氣。此暴露可發生於0℃和120℃之間,以使成型的可固化組成物暴於10至50℃為佳,15和35℃之間更佳。
一體系中,於50%相對濕度固化7天之後,使用3微升水滴並使其平衡10秒鐘測得之本發明之經固化組成物
之接觸角度少於90°,在另一體系中為介於1和80°之間,又另一體系中為介於10和70°之間。
根據一體系,固化之後,本發明之可固化組成物可經塗料、塗層或其他表面處理劑塗佈,依ASTM D3359測定,其中塗料、塗層或其他表面處理劑的黏著值至少3B,以4B為佳,5B最佳。特定言之,本發明之經固化組成物,依ASTM D3359測定,在以Manor HallInterior Pearl Latex for walls & trims(Pittsburgh Paints of purple color;簡稱為“Stain”)塗佈的4天內,具有的塗料黏著值為約4B至約5B。
藉由參考用於說明的下列特定實例,會更瞭解本發明及其可得到的許多優點。
製備本發明之可固化組成物的批次途徑使用Hauschild DAC 600 FVZ Speedmixer。或者,可以使用標準雙行星或類似的混合機。製備300克批料用於實例和比較例。
連續模式製備如屬General Electric Company的美國專利案第5,519,104號所述者,茲將該案以引用方式納入本文中。本發明之包含可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)之可固化組成物,如,密封劑,可以使用30毫米Werner-Pfliederer雙螺旋擠壓機連續、摻入表1中所列組份的可固化組成物,使用下列混合程序進行。
製備本發明之可固化組成物的連續法使用Werner-
Pfliederer擠壓機。此混合程序如下:擠壓機的所有區域加熱至75℃。在擠壓機的柵1處連續稱入可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)、含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)和碳酸鈣填料。擠壓機的柵3處連續稱入塑化劑、有機官能性矽烷黏著促進劑和抗氧化劑(Irganox)及光安定劑(Tinuvin)之摻合物。在擠壓機的柵3處連續稱入塑化劑和錫觸媒的預摻合物。密封劑,本發明之可固化組成物,在擠壓機中以40磅/小時速率製得。不同尺寸的擠壓機可用以製備本發明之組成物。
本發明之含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之代表性結構以如下的A和B表示:
含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑A:(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)8
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)20
H)O-]9
Si(CH3
)3
含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑B:(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]75
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)13
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)15
H)O-]4
-[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)35
(CH2
CH(CH3
)O)40
H)O-]Si(CH3
)3
含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑範圍之外之比較用的矽氧烷共聚物之結構以如下的矽氧烷添加劑C-F表示:
矽氧烷添加劑C:(CH3
)2
Si((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)12
OH)O-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]15
Si((CH2
)3
O(CH3
CH2
O)12
H)(CH3
)2
矽氧烷添加劑D:(CH3
)2
Si((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CHCH3
O)12
OH)O-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]15
Si((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CHCH3
O)12
H)(CH3
)2
矽氧烷添加劑E:(CH3
)3
SiO-[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)8
CH3
)20
H)O-]2
Si(CH3
)3
矽氧烷添加劑F:(CH3
)3
SiO-[Si(CH3
)2
O-]80
[SiCH3
((CH2
)3
O(CH2
CH2
O)8
CH3
)8
O-]Si(CH3
)3
.
密封劑製備:沒有含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之比較例1-3及本發明之有含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(即,前述的含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑A)之實例4-6的代表性密封劑調配物列於表2。
可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a),可得自Momentive Performance Materials,Inc.的SPUR*
1015LM,以慣用方式摻入單份式密封劑中,使用Hauschild混合機,根據下列步驟:聚合物(a)、DIDP、Consol、TiO2、Crayvallac、Tinuvin 327、Tinuvin 770、HiPflex 100、UltraPflex和乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷稱入MAX300杯中。封閉此杯並在混合機上在Hauschild DAC 600 FVZ Speedmixer中以高速混合20分鐘。移出此杯並使其冷卻。冷卻之後,添加含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑,Silquest A-1120矽烷,和二月桂酸二丁錫(DBTDL)且此杯於高速再混合一分鐘。
測試之前,密封劑於經控制的條件下,於23℃和50%相對濕度(RH)固化1週。使用標準ASTM測試程序評估物性。這些包括抗張強度、拉伸率、模數(ASTM D412);Shore A硬度(ASTM C 661)。
塗佈性以欠佳、普通和良好分級表示。塗佈性係藉塗佈已固化的密封劑(即,表2中所列調配物於23℃ 1週)表面而判斷。塗佈性“欠佳”係塗料形成無數的非連續寬條紋並因此而使得本發明的經固化組成物(密封劑)表面裸露或未被塗佈(見圖1)。塗佈性“普通”係灰色塗料在已固化密封劑的白色基底上形成大量條紋(見圖2)。塗佈性“良好”係塗料在已固化密封劑的白色基底上形成較少且較窄的條紋(見圖3)。
塗料黏著性係使用ASTM D3359-95a,試驗法B-交
錯切割帶試驗進行試驗。當在已固化密封劑上的塗料塗層乾燥時,使用交錯切刀工具標記直線,及使用此帶測試黏著性。分級示於表2A,此係根據ASTM D3359-95a。
藉Rame-hart Inc製造之先進的Goniometer在已固化和未塗佈的密封劑上測定接觸角度。液滴尺寸為3微升且測定時間設定為10秒鐘。
用以說明含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之優點的塗料為:ColorPlaceExterior Acrylic Latex Flat Home Paint custom color,Walmart,綠色;簡稱為“FLAT”Manor HallInterior Pearl Latex for walls & trims,Pittsburgh Paints,紫色;簡稱為“Satin”E-Z KAREInterior Acrylic Latex semi-gloss enamel,True Value Manufacturing,棕色,簡稱為“Enamel”。
此外,表3以密封劑塗料黏著性達到5B等級的天數列出比較例1-3和實例4-6(各者之調方列於表2)之黏著塗佈性。
表4所列數據表現DIDP塑化劑和眾多濃度的含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑A對於比較例7(含有與比較例1相同的調配物)和實例8-10(含有與實例4相同的調配物,但含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之濃度示於表4)的塗佈性和塗料黏著性之影響。
表5所列數據表現Benzoflex 50塑化劑和眾多濃度的含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑A對於比較例11(含有與比較例2相同的調配物)和實例12-14(含有與實例5相同的調配物,但含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之濃度示於表5)的塗佈性和塗料黏著性之影響。
表6所列數據表現Benzoflex 9-88塑化劑和眾多濃度的含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑A對於比較例15(含有與比較例1相同的調配物,但添加11.96重量%的Benzoflex 9-88作為塑化劑)和實例16-18(含有與比較例1相同的調配物,但添加11.96重量%的Benzoflex 9-88作為塑化劑且含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑之濃度示於表6)的塗佈性和塗料黏著性之影響。
表7列出比較例19-26和實例27-30之黏著性數據。比較例19-26和實例27-30之調配物與比較例1相同,但分別添加矽氧烷添加劑C-F和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑A和B。在一天之內完成Flat Latex Paint之黏著性評估。
已參考較佳體系地描述本發明,嫻於此技術者將瞭解能夠在不背離本發明之範圍的情況下,作出眾多改變且要素可經替代成對等物。本發明不欲限於作為實施本發明之最佳模式之此處所揭示的特別體系,反而希望本發明將包括落入所附申請專利範圍內的所有體系。茲將此處所提出之所有引用文獻以引用方式納入本文中。
圖1描述塗佈性“欠佳”等級,即,施用於經固化的密封劑時,塗料樣品形成無數的非連續寬條紋。
圖2描述塗佈性“普通”等級,即,施用於經固化的密封劑時,塗料樣品形成無數的窄條紋。
圖3描述塗佈性“良好”等級,即,施用於經固化的密封劑時,塗料樣品形成極少數且窄的條紋。
Claims (18)
- 一種可固化含矽烷基聚合物組成物,其包含:a)至少一種可水解之含矽烷基聚合物,其通式為:
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中可水解之含矽烷基聚合物係可水解之矽烷化的聚醚二醇。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中可水解之含矽烷基聚合物係可水解之矽烷化的聚胺基甲酸酯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中可水解之含矽烷基聚合物係自聚醚二醇、二異氰酸酯和含有活性氫之可水解的矽烷得到之可水解之矽烷化的聚胺基甲酸酯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中可水解之含矽烷基聚合物係自羥基終端的聚醚多元醇和異氰酸根矽烷反應得到之矽烷化的聚胺基甲酸酯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中可水解之含矽烷基聚合物係異氰酸根終端的聚醚多元醇和胺基矽烷之反應得到之矽烷化的聚胺基甲酸酯。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑係選自下列之至少一者: (CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]20 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)10 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)20 H)O-]3 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]50 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)10 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)20 H)O-]8 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]75 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)10 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)20 H)O-]10 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]75 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)22 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)8 H)O-]10 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]100 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)10 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)20 H)O-]15 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]50 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)10 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)10 CH3 )O-]5 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]70 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)35 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)40 CH3 )O-]5 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]70 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)15 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)15 CH3 )O-]5 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]75 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)15 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)15 CH3 )O-]5 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]100 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)15 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)20 CH3 )O-]15 Si(CH3 )3 ;(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]75 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)15 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)15 COCH3 )O-]5 Si(CH3 )3 ;和(CH3 )3 SiO-[Si(CH3 )2 O-]75 [SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)13 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)15 H)O-]4 -[SiCH3 ((CH2 )3 O(CH2 CH2 O)35 (CH2 CH(CH3 )O)40 H)O-]Si(CH3 )3 。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,可水解之含矽烷基聚合物的量由90至99.95重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,可水解之含矽烷基聚合物的量由95至99.9重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,含矽烷基聚合物的量由97至99.5重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑的量由0.05至10重量 %。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑的量由0.1至5重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中以可水解之含矽烷基聚合物(a)和含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)總重計,含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑的量由0.5至3重量%。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中含矽氧烷塗料黏著添加劑(b)之黏度範圍由100至5000cSt。
- 一種經固化之如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之組成物,其中使用3微升水滴並使其平衡10秒鐘測得之經固化的組成物之接觸角度少於90°。
- 一種密封劑,其以申請專利範圍第1項之組成物製得。
- 如申請專利範圍第17項之密封劑,依ASTM D3359測定,其於塗佈的4天內,具有的塗料黏著值為4B至5B。
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2007
- 2007-06-27 US US11/823,306 patent/US7569645B2/en active Active
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2008
- 2008-06-23 TW TW097123349A patent/TWI449719B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-25 EP EP08768742.2A patent/EP2160424B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-06-25 WO PCT/US2008/007862 patent/WO2009005642A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-06-25 JP JP2010514781A patent/JP5491391B2/ja active Active
- 2008-06-25 CN CN2008801042979A patent/CN101784576B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-06-25 KR KR1020097025722A patent/KR101537084B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101784576B (zh) | 2013-11-20 |
CN101784576A (zh) | 2010-07-21 |
JP5491391B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
WO2009005642A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
EP2160424B1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
EP2160424A1 (en) | 2010-03-10 |
KR20100040801A (ko) | 2010-04-21 |
US20090005498A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
HK1146731A1 (zh) | 2011-07-08 |
KR101537084B1 (ko) | 2015-07-15 |
TW200920758A (en) | 2009-05-16 |
US7569645B2 (en) | 2009-08-04 |
JP2010531383A (ja) | 2010-09-24 |
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